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Affordable Summer Entertainment in Central New York
Looking for affordable ways to enjoy summer without traveling far from home?
Georgia's vote-counting method will soon be banned. Lawmakers will try to find a fix this week
Legislators passed a law two years ago barring the use of the QR code printed on ballots that the state relies on to tally votes beyond July 1 of this year, but no replacement method was ever implemented.
City of Buffalo to receive $70M in state aid
A $24 million investment is also going towards the hunger relief organization FeedMore WNY.
We visited Niagara Falls: Favorite things we did in US, Canada
We saw Niagara Falls in New York and Canada through Maid of the Mist, helicopter tours, day trips, and other attractions. Here's what was worth it.
The healthcare sector emerges as a lifeline for struggling job seekers
While millions of Americans are struggling to find jobs in a tough labor market, healthcare is emerging as a lifeline for career changers.
Laramie County health and food inspections (6/5/26–6/11/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Eliminating dietary sugar may disrupt gut health and promote inflammation
Eliminating sugar from your diet may be more detrimental than previously thought, according to an animal study being presented Saturday at ENDO 2026, the Endocrine Society's annual meeting in Chicago, Ill.
Apple still has three unannounced iOS 27 features in the pipeline: report
Apple wrapped up its WWDC 2026 keynote this week, outlining all of its major new software features for the coming...
An AI startup founder is trying to vibe code his own "Grand Theft Auto" game
Can Claude deliver a viable GTA ripoff before the most hyped game of all time releases this November?
Sonos launches Play and delivers portable desk sound with IP67 protection
Hands-on review of the Sonos Play at $299, a dockable, IP67-rated hybrid speaker with Trueplay tuning and phone charging; compact and ideal for desk use and light outdoor listening.
Scientists Horrified as Huge Heatwave Hits Antarctica
Record-breaking temperatures are hitting Antarctica, which is extremely bad news for the planet's delicate climate.
Who are the internal replacements for Cardinals trade chips?
Midway through June, I believe it is time we can all believe that the postseason is a real possibility for the St. Louis Cardinals this year. FanGraphs agrees, putting the Cardinals above a 50% chance to play in October, but we would still be smart to temper overall expectations for this season. The overall strategy […]
Poll: Young and old Americans are starkly divided on national pride and confidence in government
The latest NBC News poll tested Americans’ feelings about broad cultural issues shaping politics on the eve of the country’s 250th birthday.
Poll: America at 250 is riven with doubt and pessimism — but with glimmers of hope
National pride, faith in major institutions and belief in the “American Dream” declined in new NBC News polling.
Amputated, one-eyed and unstoppable: how a lion stunned scientists with new hunting tricks - Futura-Sciences
A Lion’s Journey of Survival For years in Queen Elizabeth National Park, western Uganda, a gravely mutilated lion has managed to defy every prediction. Living with only three legs and a single eye, left almost entirely to his own devices, Jacob the lion somehow found a way to stay alive....
I deleted most Android Auto apps, but only 6 earned a permanent spot on my dashboard
I can't drive without these apps
Tom Pelissero Offers His 2 Cents on Top Vikings Issue
Tom Pelissero is a national insider who has strong connections to the Minnesota Vikings. He therefore brings some authority behind […]
Frustrated forward’s transfer stance adds to Liverpool summer upheaval
Gakpo exit talk raises fresh Liverpool concerns after Salah departureLiverpool’s summer of transition may yet have another significant chapter to write, with reports suggesting Cody Gakpo is conside...
Swiss voters poised to reject 10 million population cap in referendum, projection shows
Swiss voters were set to reject a proposal to cap the country’s population at 10 million in a referendum held on Sunday, according to preliminary projections by national broadcaster SRF.
Can This Man Govern Britain? (Can Anyone?)
Andy Burnham is using an American playbook to become prime minister. It could be the center-left's last chance.
Steven Spielberg’s career has been an alien crusade culminating in ‘Disclosure Day’
Steven Spielberg has always believed we’re not alone in this universe. With ‘Disclosure Day,’ he may make a believer out of you, too.
Want obesity drugs covered by insurance? Telehealth companies have a big say
Telehealth companies offer lifestyle support so people taking obesity drugs can have the most success losing weight. But employers also want the telehealth providers to limit spending on the drugs.
'The Office' star blasts political 'hypocrisy,' explains why sitcom couldn't be made today
Rainn Wilson says cancel culture means you couldn't make The Office today, calls out partisan hypocrisy on both sides for fueling divisions.
Webtoon Entertainment (WBTN) Stock After Geopolitical Relief Rally A Fresh Look At Valuation Claims
Geopolitics and market mood behind WEBTOON’s latest move The prospect of a US Iran peace deal eased geopolitical risk and supported a broad shift into risk assets, with WEBTOON Entertainment (WBTN) rising alongside other digital media and content platform stocks. The move came as investors also responded to more supportive credit conditions and lower perceived rate hike odds, rather than any company specific news or fresh disclosure from WEBTOON itself. See our latest analysis for WEBTOON...
Essex GPs trial for adults with learning disabilities
Not enough eligible people are having life-saving annual health checks, say experts.
Opinion: The politics of learned helplessness in New Mexico
Duke Rodriguez argues NM isn't a poor state — it's a poorly run one. The real obstacle? Believing things can never improve.
"I Don't Do Anything I Don't Enjoy" - The Business Philosophy That Made Terry Bradshaw a Winner Off the Field
Terry Bradshaw, Hall of Fame Quarterback, 4-Time Super Bowl champion with the Pittsburgh Steelers, Emmy-Award winning studio analyst with the NFL on Fox and Founder of Bradshaw Bourbon and Bradshaw Quarter horses joins Sports Business Radio for a wide-ranging conversation. Bradshaw discusses his Hall of Fame career with the Steelers (where he went 4-0 in the Super Bowl). Bradshaw returned to Pittsburgh earlier this year for the NFL Draft and he shares his feelings about his relationship now with
When religion and politics mix, it’s just a big ol’ mess
The Southern Baptists met in convention last week and reaffirmed their rule that women can't preach in church. They cited scriptures, such as I Corinthians 14:34-35, which says straight out, "Women should remain silent in church ... as the law also says."
Bark dust piles catch fire at Cornelius landscape supply business
Cornelius firefighters knocked down a compost fire on Saturday after crews spotted heavy smoke while heading back from another call.
Sweden vs. Tunisia 2026 livestream: How to watch World Cup for free
Live stream all the action from the 2026 FIFA World Cup without spending anything.
Ivory Coast vs. Ecuador 2026 livestream: How to watch World Cup for free
Live stream all the action from the 2026 FIFA World Cup without spending anything.
FIFA World Cup schedule June 14: Games, kickoff times, livestream
Matchday 4 features four games in the U.S. and Mexico.
WBNS 10TV
From its founding in 1949, WBNS-10TV has strived to bring to central Ohio the highest quality news and entertainment programming, while utilizing the best in television technology. WBNS is the most-watched news channel in central Ohio, delivering 24-hour news, CBS programming and sports, top-rated syndicated programs and award-winning local programming. WBNS stands on the cutting edge of television broadcasting as it has since its inception. On television, online and on the go, 10TV News is Central Ohio's News Leader. WBNS is part of TEGNA, a publicly traded local media company dedicated to serving the greater good of our communities.
NBA Finals 2026: The Knicks finally have their New York sports moment
New York has delivered some of the greatest championships of the past 53 years. Finally, the Knicks have theirs.
Grandparents can help counter growing children's mental health challenges
As more than 40% of American teenagers report persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, a leading child psychologist says grandparents and extended family have a vital role to play.
Curacao can shock Germany on World Cup debut, says Advocaat
Curacao coach Dick Advocaat believes the tiny Caribbean island can "steal some points" from four-time winners Germany on their tournament debut on Sunday."I think we will have to steal some points, but in a legitimate way.
Fan of the people - Live Updates
Juggling the Knicks and World Cup, New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani is modeling a new version of lefty sports fandom.
Yellowstone wolves may not have reshaped the national park after all
One of the most celebrated claims about Yellowstone’s wolves is facing a major challenge. Scientists say the study behind the famous trophic cascade story relied on flawed methods that overstated the ecological impact of wolf recovery. Their reanalysis found no evidence for a dramatic, park-wide surge in willow growth. Instead, the effects appear smaller and vary from place to place.
Scientists found a surprising problem with sugar-free diets
A surprising new study suggests that completely eliminating sugar may backfire. Mice on a sucrose-free low-fat diet showed worse blood sugar control, increased inflammation, disrupted gut bacteria, and signs of fatty liver compared with mice that consumed some sucrose. Researchers say the results highlight the importance of a balanced diet and a healthy gut microbiome rather than focusing solely on cutting out sugar.
Former NFL DE Aldon Smith dies at 36
Smith was a dominant pass rusher early in his career.
Business owner says his company relies on skilled foreign worker visas
Bran flakes could be classed as junk food under new guidelines to promote healthy eating
UK government wants to update nutrition rules to include naturally occurring ‘free sugars’ when determining what is unhealthy
Louisville Kings cap first UFL season with championship
The Louisville Kings have lived up to their name.
Pipeline tax debacle threatening to Ohio's pro-business reputation
Ohio has worked hard to build a reputation as a pro-growth state. That progress is being jeopardized.
SBA moves to revise 8(a) rules while preserving tribal, ANC eligibility
Details By Brian Edwards Native Contracting June 13, 2026 The U.S. Small Business Administration has proposed changes to its 8(a) Business Development Program that would eliminate race-based presumptions of social disadvantage for individually owned businesses while leaving eligibility standards unchanged for tribally owned enterprises, Alaska Native corporations and other Native entity-owned participants. In both the title and summary of the proposed rule published in the Federal Register, SBA emphasized that the changes only apply to individually owned firms and “do not impact entity-owned firms,” including tribes, Alaska Native corporation, Native Hawaiian organizations and community development corporations. The proposed rule, announced June 11, would require all individual applicants seeking admission to the 8(a) program to submit evidence demonstrating social disadvantage. Membership in a racial or ethnic group alone would no longer establish eligibility, according to the SBA. For Indian Country, the agency said eligibility standards for businesses owned by federally recognized tribes, Alaska Native corporations, Native Hawaiian organizations and community development corporations would remain unchanged. The proposal comes after the Department of Defense reaffirmed that participation by tribes and Alaska Native corporations in the 8(a) program is based on their political status under federal law rather than diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. In a May 28 letter to Alaska's Republican Sens. Lisa Murkowski and Dan Sullivan, Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Michael P. Duffey wrote that participation by federally recognized tribes and Alaska Native corporations in federal programs is “grounded in their political status as Native Americans, not DEI initiatives.” The SBA proposal follows a 2023 federal court ruling that found unconstitutional the program's rebuttable presumption that members of certain racial and ethnic groups were socially disadvantaged. SBA Administrator Kelly Loeffler said the proposed rule would establish a single standard for individually owned applicants by requiring evidence of social disadvantage. The 8(a) Business Development Program provides participating firms with business development assistance and access to federal set-aside and sole-source contracting opportunities. The program remains a major source of federal contracting revenue for tribal enterprises and Alaska Native corporations. Native-owned firms received $16.1 billion of the program's approximately $26 billion in federal contract awards during fiscal 2024, according to data previously reported by Tribal Business News. The proposal also arrives amid ongoing concerns from Native contractors about SBA administration of the program. In May, the Native American Contractors Association and 53 Native-owned businesses urged SBA to address delays in processing 8(a) applications, saying some reviews had stretched beyond regulatory deadlines and appeared to have stalled since August 2025. The proposed rule is open for public comment through July 13. The Federal Register notice does not reference tribal consultation or indicate whether SBA determined consultation was unnecessary because tribal eligibility standards are unchanged. The SBA has not announced when the proposed rule would take effect. The agency is expected to accept public comments before issuing a final rule.About The AuthorAuthor: Brian EdwardsBrian Edwards is associate publisher and associate editor of Tribal Business News and Native News Online. He is a longtime publisher, editor, business reporter and serial entrepreneur. Subscribe Today!Other Articles by this authorDefense Department reaffirms tribal, ANC eligibility in SBA 8(a) programTribal heritage projects eligible for up to $100K in federal funding through NPS programIHS launches tribal long-term care construction initiative with three projectsIḷisaġvik College acquires site for long-planned Utqiaġvik campus This article is available to paid digital subscribers. Click here to sign in or get access.
Arkansas' newest pledge Davion Thompson has elite ability
Arkansas basketball point guard commitment Davion Thompson has elite scoring ability that should serve him well as a Razorback.
DJI and Insta360 go to war in the U.S. over its action gimbal cameras
Insta360's Luna Ultra and DJI's Osmo Pocket 4 Pro can't compete among consumers in the U.S. due to the Trump admin. So, they're battling it out over patents instead.
LSU football could have college football's best cornerback duo
LSU cornerbacks DJ Pickett and PJ Woodland are poised for elite seasons as the Tigers aim for a top defense.
2026 United Bowl is sold out
One of the best ways to get people to watch football on TV is to make them think the game is a big deal.
'Best, worst and only Deadhead store' in French Quarter holds closing sale as construction drags on
Dead on Decatur, the Grateful Dead-themed handicrafts and gift shop in New Orleans' French Quarter, will close its Decatur Street storefront at the end of June, with owners citing the impact of a months-long Sewerage & Water Board infrastructure project. The closure follows the recent departures of Cafe Sbisa and Michelin-recognized LUFU NOLA from the corridor.
It's always possible! Curaçao believe they can shock Germany
Dick Advocaat has probably seen it all in professional football by now at the age of 78. Perhaps that is exactly why he firmly believes that anything is possible for his team tomorrow evening against ...
Why Paul Skenes, at the center of the MLB's labor battle, believes the players need to dig in
When it comes to negotiations for the MLB’s next collective bargaining agreement, there are some misconceptions that Paul Skenes would like to clear...
Europe's top sports official talks Panini stickers and World Cup picks - Live Updates
POLITICO caught up with European Sports Commissioner Glenn Micallef in Brussels last week to get his top tips for the World Cup.
Kirby Center celebrating 40 years of entertainment, education, community impact
WILKES-BARRE — Joell Yarmel, executive director of the F.M. Kirby Center for the Performing Arts, said this week that 40 years ago, a group of dreamers believed that live performance could transform a community.
Outlining concerns, SEC\'s Sankey worries Senate bill could produce more lawsuits, not fewer
One of Southeastern Conference Commissioner Greg Sankey’s concerns with a recently introduced Senate bill designed to fix college sports was that it could increase the likelihood of the very type
Favorite countries worth visiting, from solo traveler who's been to 50
After traveling to over 50 countries solo, some of my favorites have been places like Bolivia, Ethiopia, South Korea, Uzbekistan, and Mongolia.
Bills' Josh Allen among elite in 'Madden 27'
Buffalo Bills QB Josh Allen is on top in 'Madden 27'
Melinda French Gates has ‘visceral reaction’ recalling ‘abhorrent’ Epstein in new interview
Bill Gates and Melinda French Gates are again reckoning with the Microsoft co-founder’s past ties to Jeffrey Epstein, with Gates testifying this week to Congress about their past interactions and his ex-wife newly opening up about her “visceral reaction” to the late convicted sex offender.
UC Berkeley computer science students fail in large numbers, professors cite AI dependence
A dramatic spike in failing grades among computer science students at the University of California, Berkeley has alarmed faculty, who are pointing to an overreliance on artificial intelligence tools and a stark decline in foundational math skills as the primary culprits.
Why middle age is becoming a breaking point in the U.S.
A new international study finds that middle-aged Americans are lonelier, more depressed, and experiencing worse memory and health than earlier generations. Researchers say growing financial strain, weaker social supports, and chronic stress may explain why the U.S. is falling behind other wealthy nations.
Your brain can keep improving into your 90s, study finds
A three-year study of nearly 4,000 adults ranging from age 19 to 94 found that brain health can improve at any age, challenging the common belief that mental sharpness must decline as we get older. Participants spent just a few minutes a day on brain-training activities, and researchers found measurable gains across multiple aspects of brain health, including thinking clarity, emotional well-being, and sense of purpose.
Your brain can keep improving into your 90s, study finds
A three-year study of nearly 4,000 adults ranging from age 19 to 94 found that brain health can improve at any age, challenging the common belief that mental sharpness must decline as we get older. Participants spent just a few minutes a day on brain-training activities, and researchers found measurable gains across multiple aspects of brain health, including thinking clarity, emotional well-being, and sense of purpose.
📸 This week’s kit news 👕
As every week, here’s a look back at the kits that were unveiled. From reliable French classics to Portuguese gems, here’s the news you definitely don’t want to miss.Olympique Lyonnais and OL Ly...
5 Things You Should Do First Thing In The Morning To Be Happier All Day
If you roll out of bed feeling tired or stressed, these a.m. habits can help you turn your mood around.
Melinda French Gates Just Revealed the Health Crisis She Was Completely Blindsided By
The philanthropist recently announced that she will direct $215 million to women's health initiatives.
Colorado Politics Calendar June 15-21
CoPo’s weekly political calendar helps you find political and public policy events throughout Colorado. It includes candidate and issue campaign events, public policy meetings, court hearings, state and local party conventions, assemblies, debates, rallies, parades, speaking engagements, traveling dignitary appearances, water meetings, book signings, county commission hearings, city council meetings and more. As a subscriber, […]
The Knicks’ hedonistic NBA finals run has been a relief from the exhaustion of US politics
Immersed in the daily churn of Washington DC, I found an unexpected source of hope in the Knicks’ improbable season
Trump prosecutor in L.A. is searching for voter fraud before final count
First Assistant U.S. Atty. Bill Essayli is waging an unusual campaign to find election fraud in California despite DOJ guidelines saying not to during vote counting.
What Knicks fans taking over road arenas really says about the modern sports experience
These stadium invasions get romanticized as elite fandom. But presence is as much about purchasing power as it is about passion.
'All Night Wrong' review: Dating is hard enough without a killer on the loose
Is it a rom-com? Is it a neo-noir? Is that blood?
In Retrospect: Poland, Russia, Europe
In April I spent a few days with Zryw, a Polish non-profit organization that recruits young people to enter politics and public life. Their aim is to build a new generation of civic leaders in Poland. I’ve followed their evolution from the beginning; my son is one of the founders. (“Zryw” means “impulse” or “burst of speed” in Polish). Julie Chmielewska, one of Zryw’s leaders, interviewed me at the event. Here is the conversation, lightly edited for grammar and context: Julia Chmielewska: Assuming that culture shapes institutions, could we conclude that some cultures are more prone to authoritarianism? Anne Applebaum: I don’t think so. Every culture, every nation, and every country has the potential for change. When we look at history, we can see that nations do change. Poland has changed, for example, from the 1980s to today. There’s a completely different mentality here than the one I encountered when I first visited, in 1988. The current generation sees the world through a different frame. So no, I don’t believe that certain nations are doomed to authoritarianism, or to anything. Of course, there are political and cultural traditions, but they can always be challenged. JC: So do you think there’s something intrinsic in human nature that pushes people to democracy, freedom? AA: I think there is something in human nature, a deep instinct, that pushes people towards freedom, yes. People who live in authoritarian countries – and I’ve heard this from them over and over again – sooner or later find themselves angered by a feeling of helplessness. They can see the unfairness of crooked courts, irrational political decisions. They naturally dislike the fact that somebody has all the power while they have none. In those circumstances, people who have no political background at all sometimes are politicized just by that frustration. I’m thinking of Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, for example, who was a Belarusian housewife, until the circumstances of her husband’s arrest forced her to become a politician. I met a woman who is a Uyghur from China, and who had come to live in Turkey. After several of her family members were arrested, she too was propelled into a political role. These kinds of experiences make people interested in democracy or political reform, even if they thought they didn’t care. I also think that the opposite is true: some people instinctively prefer homogeneity, order, hierarchy. They don’t like the confrontation of opinions or the noise of debate, and they lean towards a single leader or a unified regime. I think that most of modern history is shaped by the clash between those two different sides of human nature. JC: Which force do you find more powerful today? AA: I think they both have a lot of power and there’s no way of predicting who wins. Even in countries that seem very shut off or stuck in an authoritarian system can change. We’ve seen that happen. And vice versa, I think democracies can also begin to fail and slide into authoritarianism. So it’s very important not to be complacent in either direction. JC: I want to go into your history and your experiences. You’ve lived in Russia during a time of incredible change in the late 80s, and then you came back to do research in post-Soviet Russia. AA: I was a student in Russia just before the collapse of the Soviet Union. I then traveled and worked there extensively in the 1990s, and I met people who really were full of hope. They hoped that Russia could become a democracy, or at least a place that guaranteed freedom of speech, freedom of the press. These weren’t ideas that came from Washington. Although now the narrative in the Kremlin is different, I met many people who were working towards exactly that kind of transformation. A friend of mine ran a series of seminars – once a year, and then later several times a year, in cities all over Russia – designed to get people to discuss politics in new ways. She invited young politicians and journalists, as well as foreigners. I went to many of them, in Moscow as well as Volgograd and Novosibirsk. Over two decades, hundreds of people came to these seminars, and all of them wanted Russia to be different. I remain convinced that many Russians still want Russia to be different. It’s just that the old system, in the form of Putin, a representative of that system, returned. The KGB reimposed their power. And this wasn’t because of something to do with culture, this was to do with money and politics, and who was in charge. JC: You’ve partially answered my question... I wanted to ask whether that excitement of the 1990s was an exception from the Russian historical norm which has been rather authoritarian? AA: Of course, if you look at the history of Russia since the 18th century, there have always been liberal groups, reformers and revolutionaries. There were the Decembrists, in the early 19th century, and the rural populists later on, who tried to organize the peasantry. A significant group of liberal Russians appeared at the turn of the 20th century, people like the father of the writer Vladimir Nabokov, who was a Russian politician before the revolution. These groups were small in number, but sometimes had a broader significance. The Russian dissident movement in the 1950s and 1960s actually invented the modern human rights movement. It was their idea to hold the leaders of the Soviet Union accountable for the language they used, to remind them of the treaties they had signed and the promised they had made. They created the Helsinki group, for example, that held Soviet leadership to the language of the Helsinki Treaty, which formally ended the Second World War and which contained guarantees of human rights, at least on paper. That idea spread to Eastern Europe, and similar tactics were used here in Poland. (Benjamin Nathans recently wrote a great book about the Soviet dissidents, To the Success of Our Hopeless Cause) JC: But seemingly, even if they do ever get power, they could never hold on to it. AA: We don’t know, because they have never really had power. But in any case, we also don’t know what will happen in the future. There is no reason to assume that Russia will forever be condemned to totalitarianism. Even during the first fifteen years of Putin’s regime there was some form of democratic politics. Only when the full-scale war began did he bring everything to an end: he shut down all remaining independent organizations and killed his most important opponent, Alexi Navalny. But does that mean he is popular, that he enjoys legitimacy? Even now, we don’t really know what Russians think about him, or about the war. There is no way of doing real polling in Russia because nobody will answer an independent pollster over the phone. JC: Do you think that the flock of young people, especially young men, who fled Russia after the start of the war represent a continuation of liberal movements that refuse to partake in the authoritarian state, or do you think they are moving for the sake of self-preservation – “I don’t want to go to the army, so I leave”? AA: I’m sure it’s both. I actually know many people who left Russia for political reasons either in the very last years before the war, or else just after the war began. JC: And do you see a change in the young generation versus the old one that have fled? AA: It’s hard for me to say because the people who I know were mostly already politicized. I do know some younger people who left, but most of them were already either active in the opposition, or working as journalists. Many of them very self-consciously think of themselves as maintaining Russian culture abroad, just as in the 20th century the Soviet dissidents or the anti-communist White Russians once thought of themselves as people who maintained the true Russian culture, outside of Bolshevik Russia. JC: Let’s move on to Poland. One of your first experiences with Poland was reporting on Margaret Thatcher’s first state visit, in the autumn of 1988. You followed her around the farmers’ market. AA: She was making a symbolic gesture. She wanted to welcome free markets, but the only one she could really visit was the farmers’ market at Hala Mirowska. JC: And I want to talk about this area because today you can look out of any window in that district, Mirów, and see rows and rows of skyscrapers. How does it feel to see a country built from the ground in such a short time, both politically and economically? AA: You know, when you’re living in a period of dramatic change, it’s always hard to know whether the change is positive or negative. The transformation in Poland created winners and losers, as well as new classes of people, new political movements of different kinds. At the time, it sometimes just felt like turbulence. Now, we can look back at the 1990s and early 2000s in Poland and see in retrospect that the country was headed in towards prosperity and European integration. In around 2009 or 2010, I remember speaking to a woman who worked cleaning government offices, and who asked me if her daughter should study in Amsterdam or in London. This seemed to me to be a real transformation, and it happened very fast: within a few years, Poles stopped feeling like second-class Europeans, and a generation of younger Poles appeared who had no qualms about crossing borders. JC: We again live in turbulent times. Do you think we’re heading towards positive outcomes? AA: I can’t make predictions, because everything that happens tomorrow depends on what people do today. Also, history doesn’t have a trajectory. It doesn’t move in a particular direction. You only think it does afterwards. As I said, you can look afterwards at Poland in the 1990s and you could say this was a period of great progress. But not everybody at the time saw that. Sometimes people are very wrong about a given country’s trajectory. I remember people writing about Ukraine in the 1990s, about how dangerous it was that Ukraine was independent, that this was going to be an anti-semitic state, that Ukrainian nationalism was going to come back... and although you can say many bad things about Ukraine, the country made many bad choices, actually it became a pretty tolerant state which now has a Jewish president and until recently a Muslim defense minister. JC: In the 1990s Poland’s and Ukraine’s GDP were roughly similar. Ukraine was even a bit richer. So the starting point was similar for both of these countries, but they’ve turned out very, very differently. Even if we stop in 2014. Why do you think Ukraine “chose East”? Was it external influence? AA: No, I think Ukraine was in a different position. First of all, central and eastern Ukraine had been part of the Soviet Union since the 1920s, and had therefore experienced a longer period of occupation, repression, Sovietization and even Russification. Ukraine did not have, as Poland did, an alternative elite: a large cadre of economists and politicians, who already had some experience in opposition politics and in independent thinking. In Poland, the transformative finance minister, Leszek Balcerowicz, had already thought about how an economy might be decentralized before he took office. We can argue about how successful he was, but at least he was prepared to try something new. In Ukraine, people weren’t prepared. For one, there hadn’t been much space even for an illegal opposition in the previous couple of decades. Ukraine was also in many ways still emerging from colonial occupation. For the previous couple of centuries, many of the most capable Ukrainians had moved to Russia, and the first generation of leaders in independent Ukraine tended to be former Soviet apparatchiks. They didn’t immediately seek to become closer to western Europe. Instead, they looked for some kind of economic and political “third way” and an accomodation with Russia. Ukraine became stuck in this position, half-in, half-out and became pretty profoundly corrupt. JC: The Polish alternative elite had a vision of where they wanted the country to go. I think the general perception now is that this vision ends with the next election, right? Is this a natural process of gaining power? AA: Their vision, and it was shared by the time by politicians who now call themselves both left and right, was that Poland should join the EU and NATO, as fast as possible. My husband (Radek Sikorski) was in the very first government that said it wanted to join NATO. At the time this was taken very badly in Washington: the demand for NATO membership absolutely came from Poland, not from the US. But even then, in the early 1990s, many Poles already understood that the Russian sphere of influence would grow once again, that it was important to become part of the transatlantic alliance and an integrated Europe as fast as possible: NATO, the EU, the Council of Europe, all of the trading and security alliances. That consensus lasted through several different governments and over many years, even governments containing former communists. For twenty years, right, left and center disagreed about many things, but they all agreed on the direction that the country should go. In retrospect, that consensus created the basis for prosperity in Poland. JC: And regarding the Polish-Ukrainian relations. We know that antagonisms, e.g. the myth of Wołyń [a massacre of Poles that took place in what is now Western Ukraine, in 1943] are increasingly used in Polish political discourse today. In Ukraine, nationalist historians make heroes out of UPA, the Ukrainian revolutionary army, which is held responsible for this tragedy. Where do you see a start for burying the hatchet? Is the reconciliation of our nations possible? AA: So here’s a strange thing: For more than a decade after they both gained independence, Poland and Ukraine participated in a number of projects that were designed to solve exactly these kinds of Polish-Ukrainian differences. Books were published that were jointly written by Polish and Ukrainian historians, monuments were built. These projects were successful: If you’d asked me this question in 2010, I would have said that there are no real historical issues between Poland and Ukraine, that the two countries had mostly reconciled. For a number of reasons, this began to shift. In Poland, children and grandchildren of victims of the Wołyń massacre felt their tragedy hadn’t been fully recognized. In Ukraine, nationalist groups wanted the UPA partisans who had fought against the Soviet Union recognized for their heroism, despite the fact that some in this broad and not well-defined group were also linked to Wołyń. In both eastern Poland and western Ukraine, the memory of the ethnic cleansing that took place there in the late 1940s - Poles were moved West, Ukrainians East - to accomodate new borders has left feelings of displacement and bitterness. The wave of Ukrainian immigration, which started before the war, may have provoked some of this. But don’t underestimate the role played by Russia, which has always wanted to create discord between Poland and Ukraine, and pumps out propaganda to that effect in both countries. Vandalism on both sides of the border, damage done to cemeteries and monuments, is sometimes carried out by provacateurs working for Russia, just to create bad feelings. The Polish-Ukrainian conflict also hides a different reality: although there are real grievances and bad memories, the truth is that the biggest tragedies both nations experienced in the twentieth century were inflicted by the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. That should unite these two countries, not divide them. JC: This week (19.04.2026 – Ed.) in Hungary we saw that using historical narratives to create grievance has no longer worked. Are you optimistic about the direction after Orban’s loss? AA: The Hungarian election was really important because it shows that people can actually resist powerful, dominant propaganda. The ruling party Fidesz controlled all of the TV, 90% of the newspapers, the constitutional court, the bureaucracy... and yet people had the nerve to vote against it and resist it. It’s also an important election because Hungary created a huge network of well-funded think tanks and foundations that were funding other far right groups and projects. So that loss is going to have a knock-on effect in other places too, maybe even in Poland. JC: What you’ve said about resisting propaganda reminds me of one of the interviews you did about talking to Russians in the post-Soviet era who claimed that people knew that the system was lying. Why do people choose to believe in these regimes anyway? AA: Because it’s useful. Stephen Kotkin, an American historian, once described how people would learn how to “speak Bolshevik”: It was just a language that you needed to use in order to get by in society. If you didn’t talk the way the regime wanted you to talk, then you might have problems, or lose your job, or your kids would not get into university. It was a way of getting along. Communist Poland was similar, at least in the early years. When I was writing a book about the Sovietization of Eastern Europe after World War II, I met a lot of people who wanted to talk a lot about the war, when many of them had done really heroic things. But almost nobody wanted to talk about the decade afterwards, between 1945 and 1956. This was when you had the short period of terror, violence and Polish Stalinism. To stay safe, people felt the need to just go along with what others were saying, or stay out of politics, or use communist jargon without necessarily believing it. I don’t judge them for it, and I wouldn’t describe all of those people as collaborators. It’s easy to feel moral certainty in retrospect, because we know that communism ended. But if you were living in 1949, it might not have been clear to you that communism was going to end. In very repressive societies, maybe about 10% of people who are really evil – collaborators, torturers. Maybe 10% of people are really brave and who find ways to resist. And then around 80% of people have kids, they have parents, they have to have jobs and they’ve had to get through it somehow. Strange though it may sound, I’ve found that the work I did on that book is now very useful in explaining some of what’s going on in the United States today. There are plenty of members of the Republican Party in Congress who know perfectly well that Donald Trump says many things that aren’t true. But they avoid criticizing him because it’s inconvenient, because they would get in trouble, because someone would attack them on the internet. So actually you don’t even need mass terror to get people to conform. JC: Is Gen Z reinventing agency? AA: We’ll see. In any generation you can find groups of people who want agency. If you live in a society that’s unfair, for example where a tiny number of people have captured most of the wealth, then at a certain point people rebel. This is always easier for younger people, who have you have less to lose. The question now is how the internet will affect the relationships between citizens and the state, and how it will change organizations. The “Twitter revolutions” people spoke about as early as 2008-9, mass protests organized online, have often proved to be very superficial. Although you can easily join something just by clicking, the work of creating a real movement requires physical participation. Successful mass movements of the past, for example the Civil Rights movement in the United States, were built by people who had spent many years together. They had participated in non-violent workshops together. They practiced and prepared. Just using the you can get everybody to show up at a certain moment, but then when the protest is broken up, nothing happens. It’s also true that the repressive regimes have more recently learned how to use the internet to undermine leaders and movements. Most of all, they now understand how to make people cynical. The form of propaganda that most modern authoritarians use - and I think the Russians really pioneered this - deploys sneering cynicism. Instead of praising the rulers, the regime propagandists mock the opposition movement leadership for being supposedly corrupt or sexually degenerate, with the goal of undermining any kind of idealism. JC: MAGA grew on the internet? AA: MAGA is a real grassroots movement. They had symbols, red hats, they showed up at rallies. But you’re right that the cynicism, the sarcasm and the distrust that the movement embodies came originally from the internet, and this is different. Fifty years ago, most European political parties had a social base in real organizations, in trade unions for Social Democrats, in church groups for Christian Democrats. As people stopped going to church and as the trade unions became smaller, the social base of these parties disappeared. Now people who wouldn’t have known one another in the past meet on the internet and create new movements, many of which don’t last. JC: Is history ending? Going in stale circles? AA: History never ends. In truth, human beings want contradictory things at the same time: order and freedom, stability and change. These things are never resolved, and when a society swings too far in one direction, people always push it the other way. But each time that happens, the result is different. Certainly it is true that we are now in a period when old philosophers and ideas from the 1930s are undergoing a revival. Carl Schmitt, who was a philosopher who was very influential on the Nazis, is back as an influence on both the far left and the far right, once again inspiring people to think that all politics has to be existential, that all politics is about defining and defeating enemies. In the US, some are also bringing back dominionism, the idea that we need a Christian and not a secular state. It’s also true that we are living through a more fundamental shift. The old left-right divide, which was mostly about the size of the state, is much less important now. Instead, we are arguing about more fundamental things: what are our rights, what protects our freedom. Or how much power do we want to give small elites, versus how much power to give ordinary people. In America a small group of very wealthy people now control information, because they control the social media platforms and AI, which means they determine what people will read and learn. Finding a way to preserve preserve zones of autonomy and independent thinking, this is going to be the main task for the next generation. JC: What is the one book that a person interested in Central Europe should read? AA: You could read my book “Iron Curtain: the Crushing of Eastern Europe” which tells the story of how the Soviet Union imposed its culture on the region. Or read Tim Snyder’s history of the region, “The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus 1569-1999.” And everyone should read “The Captive Mind” by Czesław Miłosz, which describes exactly the phenomenon we were talking about: why do people collaborate? I joined Scott Galloway and the brilliant Fiona Hill in a discussion about the wars in Ukraine and Iran, the future of global power, and what these conflicts reveal about America's role in the world. Scott told us that this was the 400th edition of his podcast, which is quite a number: My friend Francesco Chiamulera runs a brilliant series of literary events, Una Colline di Libri, A Hill of Books, in the Prosecco Hills, a region of vineyards and elegant hill towns in the Veneto, north of Venice. We did an event in Vittorio Veneto and also drove and biked around the countryside. Buy Autocracy Inc Buy Iron Curtain Open Letters, from Anne Applebaum is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Subscribe
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