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Meet Jerry Xu, the 17-year-old Massachusetts student who built an AI program that turns protein structures into strings of numbers; he won $90,000
Imagine, what if a protein's complex 3-D structure could be converted into a simple string of numbers—and that string could help scientists understand what the protein does? That’s the premise of an innovative AI model developed by 17-year-old Jerry Xu of Lexington, Massachusetts, who earned $90,000 in the Regeneron Science Talent Search for his research, states an online report by the Society for Science.
In Medford, an accusation of a City Hall ‘shakedown’ amid clash over ambulance contract
The story of Armstrong and Medford offers a window into the unusual business of ambulance service in Massachusetts cities.
It's Your Business | From side hustles to sweet and savory success
Siddity Pig Pork Snacks is gearing up to open its first brick-and-mortar location at 2004 S. Neil St. in Champaign alongside Sugar Dust Creations, another homegrown business.
Nebraska’s position in the Big Ten after Anthony Colandrea announcement
Nebraska announces Anthony Colandrea will start at QB. How far can this Cornhuskers team go?
Cranbrook Institute of Science First-Ever Adult Book Fair
Cranbrook Institute of Science invites book lovers, avid readers, and literary enthusiasts to experience its inaugural After Dark: Pages & Pours, a new 21+ event that transforms the museum into a celebration of books, storytelling, and community.
Nebraska football hopes unique leadership will guide them to new heights
The Huskers are exactly two weeks away from their season opener against Ohio, but they're staying grounded thanks to their preparation. “As a leader, you have to lead and be willing to be led,” head coach Matt Rhule said to the media on Saturday afternoon.
No, AI Probably Won’t Cure Cancer Anytime Soon, Scientists Say
Eric Topol is a prominent cardiologist known for his research into deploying AI and other technologies to improve healthcare. He considers himself a Demis Hassabis superfan, and when I spoke to him, he enthusiastically recounted scoring a blurb from the Google DeepMind chair for “Super Agers,” ...
5 Small Business Ideas You Can Run in 10 Hours a Week or Less
These ventures allow you to keep your full-time job while preparing to turn a side-hustle into a larger operation.
Dolly Parton Shares New Health Update With Fans
Dolly Parton shared a health update on Friday amid ongoing health issues following the death of her husband, Carl Dean, who died in March 2025.
41,000 HUSKY Health members impacted in second security incident this year, DSS says
For the second time this year, the Connecticut Department of Social Services is notifying HUSKY Health members about a security incident involving a Medicaid provider portal. The latest incident affects approximately 41,000 HUSKY Health members after an unauthorized person accessed certain claims and payment information through a provider’s account. The last incident happened in March, and an unauthorized user gained…
Gilla Brewing Company’s growth recipe: Community plus innovation
Gilla Brewing Company began with Alex Shillings and fellow home brewers and craft beer enthusiasts who shared a dream. Opening its doors in October 2019, Gilla became Ascension Parish’s first brewer… Already an INSIDER? Sign in. Already an INSIDER? Sign in
Top 5 most heated moments as progressives spar over who is farther to the left in final Dem Senate debate
Ed Markey and Seth Moulton clashed over transgender athletes and abolishing ICE in their final Senate debate in Massachusetts.
Black voters rip Dems over taking them for granted in El-Sayed's backyard: ‘Hush us up’
Black voters in Detroit told Fox News Digital they feel Democrats take their support for granted, a dynamic that could reshape Michigan's Senate race.
‘The two sides aren’t equal as a general thing’
Opinion, comment and editorials of the day
AOC endorses Sen Ed Markey as incumbent faces Dem US Senate primary challenge from Rep Seth Moulton
Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez endorses incumbent Sen. Ed Markey as he faces off against Rep. Seth Moulton in the Massachusetts Democratic U.S. Senate primary.
BLM Southeastern States Office engages visitors at the Mississippi Sports & Outdoors Show
The Mississippi Sports & Outdoors Show, held July 24–26 at the Mississippi State Fairgrounds, brought together thousands of outdoor enthusiasts for a weekend celebrating hunting, fishing, land management, and recreation.
4 Tests To Pass Before You Take Your Side Hustle Full-Time
Wondering when to turn your side hustle into a full-time business? Use four tests to assess demand, economics, career fit and your readiness to pivot.
Backlash to data centers could cost GOP a Senate seat in Ohio, Republicans warn
Controversial data centers are playing a role in the Ohio senate race.
Woman sought in officer’s death co-founded mental health group for police and other first responders
A woman who started a group that advocates for the mental health of police officers was being sought by authorities Wednesday after a Massachusetts cop was found dead at the home they owned together.
Mass. hopes to create an umbrella agency to regulate youth sports
Massachusetts lawmakers are aiming to be the first to create a statewide agency that would regulate sports for elementary and middle school-aged athletes.
Ties to data centers could cost Ohio Sen. John Husted his seat, memo warns
A GOP memo obtained by The Post urges the tech industry to take action to improve the image of the controversial facilities.
CT providers work to curb HUSKY losses from ‘Big Beautiful’ bill
Federal changes to Medicaid eligibility take effect in January, and 110K CT residents could lose HUSKY. Hospitals and clinics are preparing.
Woman sought in Massachusetts officer's death co-founded mental health group for cops
Police investigating the death of an off-duty police officer in Massachusetts in what they called a domestic matter are searching for a woman who co-founded a g
Founder of group dedicated to officers' mental health sought after Worcester, Massachusetts police officer found dead
The search resumes Wednesday for a woman wanted in connection with the death of an off-duty police officer found dead at a Worcester, Massachusetts home.
Woman sought in Massachusetts officer's death co-founded mental health group for first responders
Police in are still searching for Karen Soloman after off-duty officer Kurt Solomon was found dead at a Worcester home on Tuesday.
A Stunning Win for the Left in Florida: 6 Takeaways from Tuesday’s Primaries
State Representative Angie Nixon, a progressive firebrand, defeated a moderate who dramatically out-raised her with grass-roots enthusiasm. Can it carry her to victory in November?
Bills Get Good News on Rumored 5,000-Yard WR Target
The Buffalo Bills will another chance on rumored free agency target JuJu Smith-Schuster after he was released by the Giants. The post Bills Get Good News on Rumored 5,000-Yard WR Target appeared first on HEAVY.
This 23-foot crocodylian may have ruled South America’s food chain
Miocene South America was packed with giant prey—and the predators hunting them were just as spectacular. Fossil bite marks suggest crocodylians, especially the enormous Purussaurus neivensis, were more important predators than mammals in this ancient tropical ecosystem. At around seven meters long, Purussaurus may even have helped control populations of giant herbivores.
Keke Palmer on How Jennifer Lopez Became Her 'Real Mentor'
Keke Palmer told Amy Poehler’s Good Hang podcast that Jennifer Lopez has been a real mentor since they filmed Hustlers together in 2019.
Massachusetts governor reacts to mental health crisis response in hill towns
As NEWS10 continues to follow mental health responses in the hill towns of Massachusetts, officials are working to establish a task force for alternative response. In July, $250,000 was allocated t…
Beyond the Clancy trial, a frank discussion on postpartum health
A high-profile case in Massachusetts is helping spread awareness about postpartum psychosis.
Former Mother-in-Law Describes Lindsay Clancy’s Mental Health Struggle in Murder Trial
Ms. Clancy, who is on trial for murder in the deaths of her three children, tried to find treatment for her deteriorating condition, her ex-husband’s mother testified.
Giants cut Juju Smith-Schuster as fight for wide receiver spot intensifies
One former Steeler in the door, while another departs.
Polaroid’s new Pokémon collection captures memories, not Pikachus
Polaroid celebrates 30 years of Pokémon with a new collection.
6 Side Hustles You Can Do on TikTok
A haircare business founder turned her TikTok side hustle into a $269 million business. Here are some side hustles with room to become full-time businesses.
Fun with Mad Science of Southern MA & RI
Science has the power to entertain, educate and enlighten and no one does it better than the team at Mad Science of Southern Massachusetts and Rhode Island. This morning on “The Rhode Show” we once…
Michigan State football 2026 game-by-game predictions: Nebraska
Predicting every Michigan State football game for the 2026 season -- next up is the Spartans' conference opener against the Nebraska Cornhuskers
Protect yourself from wildfire smoke with a mask
We live near Washington, D.C., in the path of wildfire smoke from Canada. Since the smoke traveled so far, is it still a danger to health? My husband spends a lot of time outside for work, and I am worried. Should he be wearing a mask?
Nebraska forces 1-1 draw against South Dakota
Nebraska held its home opener on Sunday against South Dakota. The Huskers forced a draw against the Coyotes 1-1 after trailing for over 40 minutes.
Trio of Jaguars’ Defensive Rookies Look Solid in Preseason Debut
Albert Regis, Jalen Huskey, and Wesley Williams looked good for Jacksonville’s defense against the Saints, bolstering their cases for significant playing time.
Husker Volleyball gets set for season in Red-White scrimmage
Nebraska volleyball held its annual Red-White scrimmage on Sunday afternoon at Pinnacle Bank Arena, taking the floor for the team's first contest of the season. This year, the Huskers have
Former Washington Football WR Gets Chance With Kansas City Chiefs
Former Washington Huskies wide receiver Omari Evans continues to make a case for himself sticking with the Kansas City Chiefs.
This Week in Purple: Remembering Butch Huskey
Colorado Rockies news and links for Sunday, August 16th, 2026
Hebrew University scientists discover way to create real dairy proteins from plants
The discovery would thus help overcome a major hurdle in producing real dairy proteins without cows, paving the way for more sustainable dairy ingredients and less climate change.
Can Oscar Health (OSCR) Still Look Cheap After Strong Q2?
Oscar Health stock has delivered a very large 3 year return while the broader valuation checks still lean cautious, with a low value score hinting that the recent re rating may not be a simple bargain story. Oscar Health has returned about 3.6x over the past 3 years, which puts a spotlight on whether recent enthusiasm already prices in much of the progress. Recent profitability and revenue growth can support investor expectations for the business, while concerns around medical cost trends...
Prosecutors Examined Firm With Tie to Judge in Trump Hush Money Trial
The U.S. attorney in Chicago subpoenaed a fund-raising firm that had been co-owned by the daughter of Judge Juan Merchan, who conducted the trial that led to Donald Trump’s felony conviction.
Food science experts warn of rising Cyclospora and Salmonella
Outbreaks of Cyclospora and Salmonella continue to spread across the United States. Maine and Massachusetts are among the newest states reporting Cyclospora infections.
Can Senator Ed Markey’s Progressive Politics Help Him Overcome the Age Issue?
Ed Markey is hoping that his progressive politics will save him in Massachusetts.
Three Huskies Named 2026 HERO Sports Preseason All-Americans
STORRS, CT - A trio of UConn Huskies, defensive lineman Esean Carter (Detroit, MI), linebacker K'Von Sherman (Pearland, TX), and offensive lineman Ty Chan (L...
My husband is LL Cool J. I wanted a purpose of my own.
Simone I. Smith says building a jewelry company with LL Cool J's support helped her create an identity beyond marriage and motherhood.
Winter Garden investor Jim Larweth sued by soon-to-be ex-wife over financial records
Leah Larweth alleges her soon-to-be ex-husband withheld financial records and diverted company funds to personal real estate purchases in Winter Garden and Nashville.
FBI arrest Lawrence mayor for allegedly misusing COVID-19 small-business loans
The FBI has arrested the Mayor of Lawrence, Massachusetts, Brian Depena, for allegedly misusing $1.5 million in COVID-19 small-business loans.
Sporting News ranks 1995 Nebraska as top team ever
Sporting News released its ranking of the 20 greatest college football teams since 1886. Nebraska's 1995 group was declared the greatest team.
Blues 'enthusiast' Morgan Freeman's album covers 100 years of the genre
Academy Award-winning actor Morgan Freeman emphasizes the importance of keeping the blues alive, calling it “America’s music.”
A chance stop on campus led to life-changing Husker journey
Everyone has their own unique journey toward finding their Husker home. No one knows this better than Meredith Fontana, who discovered the University of Nebraska–Lincoln during a pit stop on a family road trip.
Hazmat incident at Hudson business sends 16 people to hospitals
Sixteen people were hospitalized at an industrial business in Hudson, Massachusetts, on Thursday, fire officials said. A chemical process is believed to have contributed to what happened, according to the Hudson Fire Department, which called in a Hazardous Materials team to help respond to the incident, reported about 8:47 a.m. on Parmenter Road. Employees at the business reported serious illnesses,…
16 people hospitalized following chemical Hazmat incident at Mass. industrial business
Over a dozen people were hospitalized after a chemical incident at a Massachusetts industrial business made workers seriously ill.
NWACC, MIT program collaborate on artificial intelligence curriculum
Representatives of NorthWest Arkansas Community College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Pathways for AI Training and Hiring program met for two days in Bentonville recently to explore developing artificial...
NWACC, MIT program collaborate on artificial intelligence curriculum
Representatives of NorthWest Arkansas Community College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Pathways for AI Training and Hiring program met for two days in Bentonville recently to explore developing artificial...
How Lisa Demuth’s Republican rivals gave her a lane in the governor’s race
Plus: DFLers are winning the enthusiasm race.
The Lindsay Clancy trial brings maternal mental health into the spotlight
Mental health issues are the leading underlying cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States, but they are often overlooked.
Massachusetts high school sports start date for football & fall sports
The start of the 2026-27 high school sports season is just around the corner in Massachusetts. See when football, soccer and other fall sports begin.
12 Health: World Breastfeeding Week
WPRI 12 News on WPRI.com is Rhode Island and Southeastern Massachusetts' local news, weather, sports, politics, and investigative journalism source.
Wildlife experts share new details on Jackie the bald eagle’s health before her death
As the Big Bear community and wildlife enthusiasts around the world continue to mourn the death of Jackie, many still have questions about what happened to the famous bald eagle and what’s ne…
Teen buys abandoned storage units and sells 'treasures' he finds inside—his side hustle brings in $135,000 a year
Michael Haskell started buying abandoned storage units and selling their contents while still in high school through his business Mike's Unique Treasures.
Washington County Fair kicks off with five days of agriculture, entertainment
NBC 10 WJAR is the news, sports and weather leader for Providence, Rhode Island and surrounding communities, including Cranston, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, Warwick, Newport, Bristol and Narragansett, Rhode Island and Attleboro, North Attleborough, Swansea, Fall River, Taunton and New Bedford, Massachusetts.
Action News business administrator, husband welcome baby girl
We want to introduce you to the newest member of our extended Action News family.
Crimson Desert dev comments on status of Nintendo Switch 2 port, targeting first half of 2027
Pearl Abyss has commented again on the Nintendo Switch 2 port of Crimson Desert, providing the most encouraging update we’ve had thus far. In its latest earnings letter, the company said that it’s now “currently playable at a foundational level, and technical evaluations are underway to ensure performance optimization and compliance with our quality standards.” The other piece of important...
‘Real mummy’s curse’: health warning over growing trade in mummified human remains
Academic paper says often illicit trade exposes enthusiasts – and postal workers handling items – to serious risks
YouTube sensation Ms. Rachel announces debut album with Mr. Aron, 'I'm So Happy'
YouTube sensation Ms. Rachel and her husband, Aron Accurso, are releasing their debut album, “I'm So Happy,” on Sept. 25. Known for her educational YouTube channel, Ms. Rachel, whose real
Lincoln’s Kevin Kugler climbed his way to the peak of sports broadcasting and will be etched into Nebraska Broadcasters’ history
Kevin Kugler grew up in Lincoln, announced Husker and high school sports at Nebraska Public Media, and has climbed to the national stage of sports broadcasting. On Tuesday, he will enter the Nebraska Broadcasters Association Hall of Fame.
Experts Talk Postpartum Psychosis Symptoms and Diagnosis Amid Lindsay Clancy Trial
Whether Lindsay Clancy was suffering from undiagnosed postpartum psychosis when she killed her three children is central to her defense. Her Massachusetts murder trial is ongoing.
Jen Hamilton reflects on her estranged husband's alleged 'betrayal' with 'a grandma': Meet the labor nurse who's going viral
Since publicizing their split, Jen has continued speaking about it candidly on social media.
AbCellera women’s health data top ‘most aggressive upside scenario,’ putting Astellas and Bayer on notice
AbCellera has reported phase 2 results “beyond even the most aggressive upside scenario” that its CEO dared to consider, boosting the biotech’s chances of challenging Astellas and Bayer for a women’s health market. The phase 2 clinical trial compared ABCL635, an antibody targeting NK3R, to placebo in patients with hot flashes caused by menopause. Investigators enrolled 92 postmenopausal women experiencing a mean of about 10 moderate or severe hot flashes per day. By Week 4, the number of moderate or severe hot flashes had fallen by a mean of 8.8 on ABCL635 and by 3.5 on placebo. That statistically significant, placebo-adjusted reduction of 5.3 hit the trial’s primary endpoint. The level of efficacy also cleared the bar set by existing drugs. While cross-trial comparisons can be misleading, AbCellera CEO Carl Hansen, Ph.D., had seen enough to start hyping the program. “We now view ABCL635 as a potential best-in-class non-hormonal therapy with strong differentiation against approved NK3R competitors across all important dimensions, including efficacy, safety, dosing and convenience,” Hansen said on a Monday morning conference call with investors to discuss the data. “We believe ABCL635 is now a highly de-risked program.” Last week, Hansen used AbCellera’s earnings call to set expectations for readout, with the CEO defining success as a clean safety profile and efficacy comparable to the two approved small molecules. The data vaulted over that bar. Astellas linked (PDF) one of the small molecules, Veozah, to placebo-adjusted reductions in hot flash frequency of 2.1 and 2.6 at Week 4 of its two phase 3 trials. Bayer reported (PDF) placebo-adjusted reductions of 3.04 and 3.29 at Week 4 of pivotal studies for its small molecule, Lynkuet. At 5.3, the placebo-adjusted reduction in AbCellera’s trial comfortably cleared the standard set by the incumbents. Veozah and Lynkuet came to market based on evidence of their ability to reduce the frequency and severity of hot flashes. AbCellera’s phase 2 study covered both endpoints, with the Canadian biotech reporting a mean reduction in severity of 1.4 points at Week 4 on ABCL635, compared to 0.3 points for placebo. Again, the placebo-adjusted result compares favorably to data on Veozah and Lynkuet. Analysts shared Hansen’s enthusiasm for the data. The phase 2 results “firmly validate ABCL635 as a potentially best-in-class treatment,” BMO Capital Markets analysts said in a note to investors Monday. ABCL635’s apparent efficacy edge “is likely attributable to the higher dosing/target engagement the asset is able to reach vs. the oral agents due to its wider therapeutic index,” the analysts added. The analysts, who model $2.3 billion in unadjusted peak sales for ABCL635, flagged the safety profile as another positive of the phase 2 readout. While Veozah carries a boxed warning for liver damage, nobody on ABCL635 in the phase 2 trial had elevated liver enzymes or bilirubin values. If replicated in phase 3, the lack of a liver signal could allow approval without the monitoring requirements imposed on Veozah. Investors appeared equally enthused, sending AbCellera's stock up 32% to $9.21 in premarket trading Monday from a Friday closing price of $6.93. Next, AbCellera will collect the Week 12 data and talk to its advisors about further development. The results open up “a wide variety of possibilities of how we might take this forward into phase 3 studies to truly maximize the value of the asset and make sure that ABCL635 is able to demonstrate its differentiation potential,” Sarah Noonberg, M.D., Ph.D., AbCellera’s chief medical officer, told investors.
Lindsay Clancy murder trial resumes with mental health treatment in focus
Former FBI special agent James Gagliano joins 'Fox & Friends First' to discuss the resumption of the Lindsay Clancy murder trial in Plymouth, Massachusetts, focusing on the defense's insanity plea.
It Was A Good First Week For The Husky Defense
A bevy of playmakers, a confident proclamation and an unexpected reinforcement headlined the effort.
The White House's new, quiet plan to attack public health
This proposed regulation is insidious. Political appointees would be given greater authority to decide who gets federal funds, with experts sidelined.
Ford Frenzy brings Bronco showcase, food drive and entertainment to Charleston
CHARLESTON, W.Va. (WOWK) – Automotive enthusiasts and families gathered at Capitol Ford in Charleston this weekend for Ford Frenzy, a two-day community event featuring Broncos, local vendors,…
Former Washington football star prioritizing health over starting job
Former UW star Michael Penix Jr. is nearing a return from a knee injury, and a battle for Atlanta's QB1 job.
Blake Lively shares rare look at family life with Ryan Reynolds
Blake Lively has shared another glimpse of a recent family outing with her husband, Ryan Reynolds, following her tumultuous legal battle with her "It Ends With Us" costar Justin Baldoni.
Massachusetts man accused of stealing, altering check mailed by Hudson business
A Massachusetts man is accused of stealing and altering a check that was put in the mail by a New Hampshire business.
5 dead, 4 hospitalized in Louisiana from flesh-eating bacteria outbreak: health officials
NBC 10 WJAR is the news, sports and weather leader for Providence, Rhode Island and surrounding communities, including Cranston, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, Warwick, Newport, Bristol and Narragansett, Rhode Island and Attleboro, North Attleborough, Swansea, Fall River, Taunton and New Bedford, Massachusetts.
Sports memorabilia, frame shop latest addition to downtown Redding
This week in the Buzz. This husband-and-wife team has opened two businesses downtown. An update on Mount Shasta Brewing in Siskiyou County.
California may fine content creators who don't disclose they were paid to post about politics
States are debating whether to crack down on social media influencers making political advertisements without disclosing that they were paid
Downtown Danville’s FIRST FRIDAYS “Science in the City” Brings Out Crowd Heading into Weekend
Downtown Danville's now traditional August First Fridays event "Science in the City" brought out kids, adults, and families Friday night (Aug 7th). It's meant to build up enthusiasm for the coming school year; but also, like all First Fridays events, to give families a good time.
Hillary Clinton blasts Trump’s White House changes as ‘reminiscent’ of Saddam Hussein’s palaces
Hillary Clinton blasted President Donald Trump’s overhaul of the White House in an interview posted Friday, telling podcast host Kara Swisher that Trump’s “tackied up” décor is “reminiscent” of dictator Saddam Hussein’s palaces in Iraq.
"My tattoo business was the trigger for Base44"
Yuval Shlomo reflects on how the business she built sparked the creation of Base44, the AI company founded by her husband, Maor Shlomo, as she leaves tattooing behind for a career in tech.
Once discouraged, now encouraged: Former CDC official gives new reasons to believe in US healthcare
Having served almost 11 years in the C-suite of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Deb Houry, MD, MPH, is now looking out over U.S. healthcare with glass-half-full enthusiasm.
Former Clancy nanny testifies about mother's mental health issues before killings
Months before Lindsay Clancy strangled her three children, she lost significant weight, couldn't sleep and complained of postpregnancy mental health issues, the family’s former nanny testified at her murder trial Wednesday. But the nanny never worried the Massachusetts mother might be a danger to her children or to herself.
Sen. Bernie Moreno tells CNN he sent daughter and granddaughter ‘out of state to a secure place’ amid Max Miller allegations
Sen. Bernie Moreno told CNN that he sent his daughter, Emily Moreno, his granddaughter and his wife “out of state to a secure place” as GOP Rep. Max Miller, Emily’s ex-husband, faces heightened scrutiny over abuse allegations, which he denies.
Readers sound off on why Massachusetts has lost its competitive edge
Once a star performer, Massachusetts is losing ground to other states on job growth and new business creation.
Six Businesses You Can Start From Home For Under $500
The side hustle and gig economy are booming, with lots of options for entrepreneurs, from dog walking to renting baby cribs.
DHS: Mass. lawmakers putting ‘politics above public safety’ with signing of Protect Act
DHS is slamming Massachusetts lawmakers after Gov. Healey signed the Protect Act into law, which limits ICE’s capabilities, saying Bay State politicians are “putting politics above public safety.”
This chaplain may become first trans person elected to Michigan legislature
Joanna Whaley is favored to win the heavily Democratic district in November.
Business confidence in Mass. rebounds to January 2025 levels
The state's business confidence index rose for a fourth straight month in July, the Associated Industries of Massachusetts said on Wednesday, amid modest expansions in the state and national economies.
Chartbook 464 The"China squeeze" - the politics of development counterfactuals.
There are three types of China shock discourse. Each has a distinct temporal register. China shock 1.0 was a phrase coined by US academics in the 2010s to retrospectively summarize the impact on particular US labour markets, which they identified through painstaking empirical investigation. China shock 2.0 on everyone’s lips in Europe in the mid 2020s is an alarm raised by trans-Atlantic policy thinkers warning of a coming disaster which they project onto Europe’s ailing car industry. The third type of China shock discourse - commonly known as the “China squeeze” launched most recently by Indian economists Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian in the pages of Foreign Affairs - mobilizes a different, more speculative temporal register: the counterfactual realm of alternate history. The China squeeze argument asks not what has happened, or what is going to happen, but what might have been. Specifically, what options for economic development might have been open to Global South economies like India or the economies of sub-Saharan Africa, had it not been for China’s spectacular industrialization since the late 1990s and the persistent competitiveness of China’s manufacture in low-skilled segments. Chatterjee and Subramanian’s argument is that whilst China has built a powerful position in electrical machinery and other high-skill manufacturing, which is now delivering China Shock 2.0, it also continues to run a trade surplus in low-skill, labour-intensive manufacturing. This surplus is large and has remained largely unchanged in fifteen years. Indeed, in the 2010s, in trade with low-income countries, China’s surplus rapidly increased. On their reading, this squeezes low-income producers in low-skill sectors in which they “should” be able to compete. Source: “China’s Mercantilist Squeeze on Developing Countries” Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian. Peterson Institute for International Economics 26-7 May 2026 Chatterjee and Subramanian’s wording is telling: (emphasis mine) The canonical trajectory of economic development in the post-World War II period is for countries to transition from agriculture to manufacturing, first in low-skilled manufacturing and then later on to high-skill manufacturing (Herrendorf, Rogerson, and Valentinyi 2013). At the global level, this implies that high-income countries (HICs) that once specialized in low-skilled activities cede manufacturing export space to poorer countries that come along to occupy that space. In 1965, advanced economies accounted for about 60 percent of global value-added exports in four key low-skilled manufacturing sectors, i.e., apparel, leather, textiles, and footwear. Over time this share declined and began to be occupied first by the East Asian tigers and, beginning in the late 1990s, by China. Today China accounts for about 50 percent of the global market. The question is whether China, with its rising prosperity, is continuing to behave like its richer counterparts and ceding export space to poorer followers or to behave unlike them and continuing to occupy space. In terms of the conceptual maneuvers it performs, of the three China shock discourses, the “China squeeze” argument is by far the most ambitious. After all, it bases its critique of China on a counterfactual imagining of the world. Like any counterfactual argument, to construct this alternative reality it must rely on a heuristic model. To make their argument Chatterjee and Subramanian mobilize two key claims. The first reference point is the actual history of rich-country industrialization, what they refer to as the “canonical path”. The idea is that countries transition from agriculture to light industry and low-skilled manufacturing and from there up the value chain. To make this useful as a standard of comparison and a means to construct a normative standard, they adjust sectoral export shares for two factors: 1. the underlying level of economic development of the exporting country, as measured by national income and 2. the degree to which the sector in question is internationalized. The idea being that for a high income country to have a high export share in low-skill sectors is anomalous and even more so if that particular product is highly internationalized and thus suitable for being “conceded” to lower-income competitors. Where should this process end? Here Chatterjee and Subramanian introduce their second benchmark. Their normative idea of a global development path is one in which, in due course, low-skill manufacturing exports are distributed in proportion to a country’s share in the global labour force. They imagine, in other words, a world of proportional, polycentric global development without much national specialization in low-skill manufacturing. A useful benchmark is that, in labor-intensive manufacturing sectors, a country’s share of world exports should be broadly commensurate with its share of the world’s low-skilled labor endowment. … In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, this would be true if value added per worker and export propensities, i.e., fraction of output that is exported, are the same across countries. It is this pleasant liberal vista of orderly global development, progressing towards a general distribution of low-skilled manufacturing against which they judge reality and conclude that the low-income countries are suffering a “China squeeze”. China is not exiting low-skill sectors fast enough Allowing for its gdp level and the degree of globalization, China’s share of low-skill manufacturing exports is far higher than it “should” be. Relative to population, its low-skill share of exports is far too high. That in turn yields the conclusion that huge numbers of jobs - the authors suggest tens of millions - are being hoarded by China. For the four sectors captured in figure 4, this excess in value-added exports is $110 billion in 2022. For all low-skilled sectors overall captured in appendix figure D.1, excess value-added exports amount to $365 billion. The crowding out of LMIC exports by China is therefore substantial. Both these claims have in common that they are strong structuralisms. The first is that development paths ought to resemble each other. The second is that broadly speaking as far as low-skilled manufacturing is concerned, all countries are alike. If the world currently diverges from the distribution of trade implied by these assumptions, if China is not following the advanced economy path and has huge exports, this must be the result of “policy”, which the authors then put in question as illegitimate or unfair. Thus the naturalistic construction of a canonical path leading to a “level” distribution of low-skilled manufacturing reveals itself to be a polemical tool. From the point of view of China shock polemics, this discourse is no doubt welcome. But as an account of economic history, it must surely be regarded as nothing short of bamboozling. Development paths do not follow a regular, natural sequence. As David Fishman put it aptly, “development is not a queue”. They are always and everywhere, through and through political. Development is not so much a process, as a project. Each such project is more or less well adjusted to its context. As Gerschenkron taught uneven and combined development implies differentiation rather than simple imitation on a single parth. It may be true that Europe and the US exited relatively early from low-skill work. But clearly technology has changed. As C&S themselves point out, China no longer enjoys a low wage environment. Do they really believe that such huge differences can be accounted for either by industrial policy, which as they admit does not operate powerfully in low-skill sectors, or by exchange rate manipulation? What is overwhelmingly dominant in explaining the persistence of “low-skill” manufacturing in China are surely the network effects of complex supply chains. Indeed the label of “low-skill” may miss the point. The degree of globalization which Chatterjee and Subramanian decide to conjure away in their model of the development path - to allow for the fact that Europe and American textiles exporters did not enjoy just-in-time logistics in the 1950s - obscures the point that the networks through which Chinese factories supply the world are themselves key parts of the low-skill industrialization project. China isn’t knocking out 1970s style “cheap”. It has redefined the entire product cycle. C&S’s casual reference to “T-shirts” is telling. In today’s “fast fashion”, there is weight on both terms. Fashion and fast. China’s success in delivering on both at unprecedentedly high speed and at unprecedentedly low cost, isn’t a low-skill operation at all. If we see development trajectories not as the serial repetition of the same, but as distinctive, crafted projects that cumulate in complex agglomerations of skill, technology and labor, then this explains why the assumption that low-skilled manufacturing should follow the distribution of population flies in the face of all experience. As countless cases attest, low-wage, low-income developed economies are not by themselves the makings of a competitive production base. As Leon Liao puts it quite fairly: “International trade has never been allocated according to population. A country’s population gives it no natural claim to an equivalent share of global exports." And the remarkable fact is that Subramanian alone and with co-authors has long been making this point, not to pillory China, as is the case of the tendentious _Foreign Affair_s and Peterson pieces, but to highlight the great counterpart to China’s industrial success, namely India’s relative failure. The much-quoted Foreign Affairs piece showed low-skill export shares only for China, not for India. If you put both countries in the picture as Chaterjee and Subramanian have done on other occasions, the picture looks like this. China is far above the line, but India, almost as large in terms of population, is no less anomalous, just in the opposite direction. As far as global populations are concerned, and the imagining of tens of millions of “squeezed” jobs, it is this Sino-Indian pair that account for a huge share of the action. What this graph reveals is not China’s cheating, but India’s “greatest development failure”, at least this is the argument made Arvind Subramanian, this time in co-authorship with Devesh Kapur, in their major book, A Sixth of Humanity. Independent India’s Development Odyssey which appeared with Oxford University Press earlier this year. In this highly critical work on India’s development, China is repeatedly evoked, not to criticize but as a benchmark against which to illuminate what India’s political economy has not delivered i.e. large-scale formal employment for hundreds of millions of citizens. Kapur and Subramanian leave no doubt, if you want to understand why China, not India was the main driver of manufacturing globalization from the 1980s, don’t look to slots opening up in the division of labour thanks to the liberal mindedness of advanced economies, look to the contrasting political economy of the Maoist PRC and India’s post-independence political economy. As Kapur and Subramian note: The great divergence between China and India did not begin in 1978 with the Deng reforms—it was well underway by then. In one of the great ironies of modern history, the conditions created by Maoism turned out to be a great launching pad for industrial globalization. As the comparison of India and China in 1980 makes clear, to imagine manufacturing would be equally distributed when populations are so differently endowed in terms of educational and nutritional is fanciful. Here is the data from Kapur and Subramanian, data which I explored back at the very beginning of Chartbook. As Kapur and Subramanian insist, the striking fact is that even as India’s growth accelerated from the 1980s, structural change has not. Formal employment in India lags woefully behind. Why? As Kapur and Subramanian note, the path-dependent impact of India’s poor early start was devastating. The list of factors they mention is long and weighty: We argue for a new five-fold explanation applicable at different stages of Indian history: in the initial stages, the legacy of two key pre-1980s policies, the neglect of agriculture and the strangling of the domestic private sector, were critical. The failure of broad-based agricultural growth militated against rural industrialization, which would have been devoted to satisfying local needs that would have necessarily been labour intensive. Then, when the boom came after 1980, the thicket of regulation and broader labour protections that were legislated prematurely in a nascent democracy, underpinned by a deep ideological aversion to private capital in general and big capital specifically, became a barrier to attaining the size that would be necessary to compete globally. Similarly, the reforms after 1991, while wide-ranging, did not quite encompass non-tradeable inputs critical to manufacturing, namely, land, logistics infrastructure and power. A combination of low investment (logistics infrastructure), regulation (land) and the continued monopoly supply by state governments (power), combined with residual socialism, kept costs at 75–100 per cent above efficient supply. These factors were compounded on the supply side by the government, which dominated the formal labour market and established exorbitantly high wages at the lower end of the skill spectrum. This made their employment in the labour-intensive sector by the private sector less attractive. Finally, when the services sector and its exports boomed, wages soared even further via a Dutch Disease effect: one successful tradeable sector killed and cannibalized another less-skilled tradable sector, namely, manufacturing. Thus, scarcity-inducing policies of the planning era, precocious democracy and a Gandhian aversion to size; inefficient, monopolistic supply of critical non-tradable inputs; the behemoth of government; and super-successful skill-intensive services successively undermined India’s unskilled labour employment opportunities. The employment failure seems to have been over-determined. … Less quantifiable but no less important are some of the sociological factors that have undermined manufacturing and factory jobs. Take the impact of the success of the IT sector—located in urban areas with better working conditions, such as air-conditioned offices, good schools for children and attractive entertainment options. It became a more attractive place for engineering and management graduates to flock to. … Consider manufacturing and female employment. Indian society makes it difficult for women to work, reflected in India’s unusually low female labour force participation (elaborated in Chapter XIII). Indian society, in particular the routine harassment of women in public spaces, makes it even more difficult for them to travel long distances to take up work.37 Combined with onerous regulations on creating hostels and dormitories for women—which, in turn, prevents multiple shifts of operation—factories need to be located in areas with a large female labour pool. While firms can take apparel plants to female labour or bring them to the plants by building large-scale dormitories, this raises costs. If there was a case for subsidies to encourage labour-intensive manufacturing, housing subsidies to build dormitories for women workers would be a good place to start. All of this meant, that when opportunities did open up, in part thanks to adjustments in China, India was in no position to take advantage. Here is the account of the 2020s from Kapur and Subramanian. It stands in dizzying contrast to the one-sided, “China squeeze” argument delivered in the Peterson and Foreign Affairs pieces: In 2022, for example, India’s share of global exports in clothing (the canonical labour-intensive sector) was 3.1 per cent compared to 32 per cent for China. This is extremely disappointing because China started vacating export space in this sector after the Global Financial Crisis as its wages started rising; it then vacated further space in the aftermath of geopolitical developments that led investors to seek alternative investment locations. Between its peak and today, China lost about 7.5 percentage points of global export share (worth about $43 billion in 2022); over this period, India’s export share remained stagnant at 3 per cent, while that of Vietnam and Bangladesh rose by 3.5 to 4 percentage points. China’s loss did not translate into any gain for India in terms of low-skill exports and employment. Put differently, when the conditions for dynamism and prosperity were established after 1991, and even more tantalizingly when the global export opportunities opened up, it was as if India was a high-wage economy and only skilled labour could benefit from the dynamism. It had converted its physically abundant unskilled workforce into an economically expensive resource, penalizing its use. It is not my mission here to argue for or against Kapur and Subramanian’s interpretation of India’s development trajectory. The point in this context is simply that the “China squeeze” such as it is can only be understood, in relation to the heavy burden of domestic constraints that Kapur and Subramanian so unsparingly enumerate. I am concentrating here on India because it is the great counterpart to China and the unspoken reference point of the “China squeeze” discourse. But the point is more general. Can anyone with a straight face suggest that the main problems afflicting the development of South Africa or Nigeria, the great centers of mass underemployment in sub-saharan Africa, are cheap competition from China driven by Beijing’s industrial policy and an undervalued RMB? Likewise, is the main problem of the American working-class the threat of Chinese competition or the manifest crisis of social reproduction in the United States itself? The point here, as in the discourse around China shock 2.0 in Europe, is to insist that we should not normalize the world and pathologize China, without actually investigating what is going on in America’s industrial wastelands, the German car industry, or India’s lopsided labour market. One-sided pathologization should be understood for what it is, a polemical gesture. Concepts like China shock and China squeeze are, what Reinhart Koselleck, following Carl Schmitt, would have described as “asymmetrische Kampfbegriffe”, or “asymmetrical counter-concepts” or “asymmetrical combat concepts”. If the function of arguments like the “China squeeze” is to alert elites in the rest of the world of the need to rejuvenate and energize their development projects, so be it. But let us see the resulting discourses as the mobilizing interventions that they are. Interestingly, a significant slice of China’s public sphere - the so-called industrial party - have been obsessed for the last twenty years with precisely these questions of counterfactual economic history. Since the mid 2000s, a massive online discourse developed around an alternative history in which Chinese techno-patriots were asked to imagine how they would proceed if they had the possibility of traveling back in time to transport modern technology into the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) thus averting the “great divergence” of the 18th and 19th centuries. It is a fantasy of course, but also a goad. The point was not directed at Westerners. The alternate history is dramatically nationalist, but few n the West had even heard of it until recently. The adherents of the industrial party are not liberal moralists. They don’t project natural ladders of international development and ask why others don’t cede space. They take the Realpolitik of global economic development for granted. Their pointe was directed against fellow Chinese. The rallying cry of the alternative narrative was this: Now that we are beginning to gain steam and push forward on our national development path, now that we are breaking out of the inferior position assigned to us even in the early years following WTO accession, do not lose yourself in humanistic imaginings about better futures. In the spirit of Deng, they called on China to embrace the hard truth of development. Perhaps one might of the Industrial Party as a cultural trend born out of desire for symbolic revenge against those who had inflicted the century of humiliation. In terms of the various temporalities of the “China shock” - retrospective, prospective and counterfactual - one might think of the Industrial Policy discourse as truly speculative, conjuring up the China shock that never was. Or perhaps one might better think of it as imagining a world in which a powerful China was no shock at all, but simply a defining fact of modern history. I love putting out Chartbook. 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