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Truth and Politics in the Age of Post-Truth
Get E-International Relations delivered to your inbox, free of charge. As you sign up, consider becoming a paid subscriber, or make a donation, to support our work. Subscribe This is an excerpt from Global Politics in a Post-Truth Era. You can download the book free of charge from E-International Relations. The term post-truth is by now so ubiquitous in describing the state of politics in the Western world and even beyond that the most pressing issue of the day appears to be about making democracy work in the era of post-truth rather than questioning the normalisation of the term itself in the first place. The critical turning point appeared to have occurred in 2016 when the term was chosen by the Oxford English Dictionary as ‘The Word of the Year.’ On its website, the Dictionary notes the transformation of post-truth from ‘being a peripheral term to being a mainstay in political commentary and connects ‘the spike in frequency’ directly with the Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom and the election of Donald J. Trump in the United States – both occurring in 2016. Paired with the noun ‘politics,’ post-truth is defined as an adjective ‘relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.’ The Oxford English Dictionary traces the first use of the term to a 1992 essay in The Nation by the playwright Steve Tesich as he reflected on the 1980s Iran-Contra scandal and the 1990–91 Gulf War: We are rapidly becoming prototypes of a people that totalitarian monsters could only drool about in their dreams. All the dictators up to now have had to work hard at suppressing the truth. We, by our actions, are saying that this is no longer necessary, that we have acquired a spiritual mechanism that can denude truth of any significance. In a very fundamental way we, as a free people, have freely decided that we want to live in some post-truth world (Tesich 1992, 13; emphasis added). He then continued, The Gulf War is over but the war at home goes on. The gulf between rich and destitute widens – between those of us who live in a modern post-industrial nation and those of us who live in the Third World countries of our inner cities. The present administration’s response to this internal crisis has shifted from benign to malignant neglect. The current levels of misery and decomposition of our cities and the economic gulags of our ghettos are acceptable. Since there is only so much hope to go around, there is a freeze on hope. The have-nots have now been reclassified as never-will-haves (Tesich 1992, 13). In the context of Tesich’s essay, truth includes both facts, as in what happens, and ‘moral absolutes,’ as in the ‘self-evident truths mentioned in our Constitution’ (Tesich 1992, 14). Together, these two notions of truth entail the obligation to both act and react. The two passages cited above show that even in the early post-Cold War years, Tesich was already deeply concerned that the American people are neither prepared to act on truth nor react to truth that is disconcerting, or what he calls ‘bad news’ (Tesich 1992, 12). Accordingly, Tesich’s insight as captured by the term post-truth is not that truth is irrelevant to what we know, but rather it is irrelevant to how we act. In contrast, ‘post-truth politics,’ as defined by Oxford as a term that pitches ‘objective facts’ against ‘emotion and personal belief’ such that the latter appears to have overtaken the former in shaping ‘public opinion’ and thereby, democratic politics. When Tesich’s post-truth politics and its current usage are juxtaposed, the two are in fact not identical in terms of what truth is and how it relates to politics. Against such consideration, this chapter provides a critical survey of selected historical events and theoretical considerations for the purpose of gaining a more nuanced understanding of the relation between truth and politics. Truth and Language One notable impact of post-truth politics is that language is being overtly deployed as a political weapon not only by politicians and those in power, but among the general population. It seems that once facts are irrelevant to the validity of what is being said, language becomes the platform for an all-out political contest in which what is said is no more than an act of will expressed as an assertion of power and/or an exercise in defiance. As early as in the writings of Thucydides (460–400 BCE), the vulnerability of logos – which is the human capacity for rational discourse in tumultuous times – was already noted. Thucydides belonged to a school of Greek thought which maintained that language is conventional and that the association between name and things is a result of ‘human use and habit’ rather than ‘nature or divine dispensation’ (Connor 1984, 99). The conventional nature of language means that it is incapable of providing its users with any independent criteria for judgement. In Thucydides’ study of the Peloponnesian War (431–405 BCE), the subversion of logos as seen in the manipulation of language was introduced through his account of the civil war in Corcyra (Thucydides 1972, 236-245). The war first broke out in 427 BCE between the pro-Athenian democratic faction and the pro-Spartan oligarchic faction before it spread to the rest of the Greek world. There was a general breakdown of law and order, resulting in extreme violence and death. Language underwent changes that were reflective of the events of the time. The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) translated Thucydides’ description of the situation as follows: The received value of names imposed for signification of things, was changed into arbitrary. For inconsiderate boldness, was counted true-hearted manliness: provident deliberation, a handsome fear: modesty, the cloak of cowardice: to be wise in everything, to be lazy in everything... he that had been so provident as not to need to do the one or the other, was said to be a dissolver of society, and one that stood in fear of his adversary. In brief, he that could outstrip another in the doing of an evil act, or that could persuade another thereto that never meant it, was commended (Hobbes 1839–1845, 8: 348; Thucydides 1972, 242-243). What concerned Thucydides most was that the meanings of words are no more than linguistic conventions that require logos to support them. The Corcyrean civil war was a reminder that such capacity cannot be assumed. This is why history understood as an authentic account of what happens matters. Guided by logos, the historian’s task is ‘the search after truth’, which is established through ‘the absence of the fabulous,’ including ‘the rejection of myth and unverifiable stories’ (de Jonge 2017, 2). Thus, history plays an important role in facilitating the stability of language – without which distinctions and judgements cannot be rendered communicable. Just like Thucydides, Hobbes was a nominalist who subscribed to the view that there is no inherent meaning to words. Hobbes’ state of nature, where there is no common authority, is precisely one in which distinctions cannot be made. As Hobbes put it, there is ‘no Mine and Thine distinct’ nor is there distinction between ‘the notions of Right and Wrong, Justice and Injustice’ (1968, 188; emphasis in original). This is clearly an unsustainable condition for everyone. Behind Hobbes’ famous words that life in the state of nature is ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’ is his uncompromising argument for the ‘Leviathan’, which is described by the late American political theorist, Sheldon Wolin (1922–2015), as the ‘sovereign definer’ (Hobbes 1968, 186; Wolin 2004, 238–243). Accordingly, the social contract is importantly a ‘linguistic contract’ that binds all parties to ‘general names agreed upon’ (Peters 1979, 125; Hobbes 1968, 111). Through Thucydides and Hobbes, we can identify a line of thinking that sees politics as a contestation over the use of language, which is based on shared conventions and norms. Thus understood, politics is not a collective quest for the true nature of our being or an epistemological exercise in pursuit of true knowledge. Rather, politics is about humans living with one another by finding a shared language to communicate with one another on matters that affect them all. Truth is in that sense contingent on what is being said as opposed to setting the standard for it. In other words, truth is the embodiment of shareability among us. While truth as such ensures the viability of a political entity, truth by no means represents a normative standard to adjudicate among contesting actors in what they say, let alone in what they do. During Thucydides’ times, ancient China was also experiencing a tumultuous time as the ruling Zhou dynasty deteriorated into the period of the Warring States (481–221 BCE). This was when the rulers of Zhou no longer presided over the territories brought under its control through conquest. Instead of professing allegiance to the Zhou royalty, the lords of these territories became kings themselves to rule over their own land. The period was one marked by endless military campaigns as each of the seven major states aimed to conquer the rest (Lewis 1999). Yet, the period was also known for its intellectual vibrancy as different thinkers challenged the restoring of order among these warring states – including offering ideas and advice to rulers on good governance. Among these thinkers was Confucius (551–479 BCE). His thought, which came to be known as Confucianism, went on to become the state ideology of China from the Han dynasty (206 BCE–222 CE) until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911 when China became a republic. The founding text of Confucianism was the Analects, which is a collection of dialogues between Confucius and his students as recorded by them. One key concept Confucius advanced is the ‘rectification of names’. Though the term only appears in one exchange in the Analects, it is considered a major aspect of Confucius’ thought. Generations of Confucian scholars from past and present, including Western academics, have debated over its interpretation (Makeham 2003). The passage in question reads as follows: Zi Lu said: ‘The monarch of the state of Wei wants you to govern the country, what is the first thing you plan on doing?’ Confucius said: ‘First it is necessary to rectify the names.’Zi Lu said: ‘Is that really what has to be done? You are being too pedantic, aren’t you now? How will you rectify these names?’Confucius said: ‘Zhong You, you are too unrefined. A gentleman, faced with a matter that he does not understand, takes a skeptical attitude. If names are not correct, one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, and if one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, affairs cannot be managed successfully. If affairs cannot be managed successfully, rites and music will not be conducted. If rites and music are not conducted, punishments will not be suitable. And if punishments are not suitable, the common people will not know what to do. So, when the gentleman uses names, it is necessary to be able to speak so that people understand. If one can say it, one can definitely do it. A gentleman should not be careless with words’ (Analects 13:3 in Cao 2016, 148). This translation is offered by the contemporary philosopher Cao Feng. As Cao notes, the passage is what started the whole debate over ‘exactly what kind of names did Confucius... wish to rectify’ (Cao 2016, 148). Of the three major groups of interpretation examined by Cao, beginning with classical Confucian scholarship, one is arguably the most influential and certainly most pertinent to the issue of language and politics. This is the interpretation that was first associated with the Neo-Confucian master, Zhu Xi (1130–1200), who argued that the ‘rectification of names is simply the rectification of politics’ (Cao 2016, 149). Within this interpretive framework, rectification has the dual functions of correction and prescription by ensuring that predetermined hierarchical roles are strictly adhered to through following ‘the system of rites and propriety’ (Cao 2016, 151). In addition, the rectification of names entails ‘using names to rectify actuality’ (Cao 2016, 151). Yet Cao rejects this whole body of interpretive works by arguing that these were ideas developed later. Instead, Cao suggests the following: The original meaning of Confucius’ rectification of names may, then, be quite simple. Confucius did not mean to establish a concrete, normative system of “names”; rather, Confucius was simply the first person in history to realize or remark upon the importance of language in politics. As a politician, he noticed and foresaw the impact that the indeterminacy, ambiguity, and arbitrariness of names would have on politics. Confucius recognized the political consequences of language’s not accurately expressing meaning or not being accurately received by people. He realized the great role that names, as a means of distinguishing right and wrong and establishing norms, could play in society and politics (Cao 2016, 168). Scholarly debates aside, Cao’s view has the advantage of identifying an interpretation of this controversial exchange in the Analects that enables its readers to extrapolate from it the observation that the meaning of words depends as much on their users as on their interpreters; neither of which can be predetermined. Accordingly, a good ruler is someone who can speak without ambiguity to his subjects and make good his words through actions. Stated differently, Cao’s view on what concerned Confucius then, who was living through times of protracted political upheaval, is that language is an indispensable political tool for those in power and can be deployed by both good and bad rulers alike. To sum up, this historical survey shows that politics as a war of words is by no means a distinctive marker of contemporary politics nor the Western world. Be it ancient or current, east or west, language is subject to manipulation to serve political purposes and when there is an outright war of words that defies existing norms, it is indicative of a political situation in which people no longer share a language and truth becomes irrelevant. Accordingly, political order entails stability in language use. Truth and Politics As previously noted, current use of the term post-truth as an adjective to the term ‘politics’ suggests that once there was a time when politics aligned with truth. Indeed, if we start with Plato’s Republic as the key founding text of Western political thought, we see that the ideal polis (city-state of ancient Greece) is where truth and politics converge, and justice is achieved. Written around 380 BCE when Athens was still coping with its defeat by the Spartans in the Peloponnesian War, the Republic is a defence of the rule of the ‘philosopher king’, defined as someone who is ‘guided by the truth’ and is ‘always and in every way’ in pursuit of the truth (Plato 1974, 490a). For Plato, truth converges with virtues and hence, letting the philosopher take charge of politics is to let the wisest and the most virtuous lead the less wise and the less virtuous even if it requires compulsion (Plato 1974, 499b). In Plato’s words, ‘…until the philosophers attain power in a city there will be no respite from evil for either city or citizens…’ (Plato 1974, 501e). The uncompromising rule of philosopher-kings is made palatable by the claim that we are all ‘earth- born brothers’ with random mixtures of gold, silver, bronze and iron, but only the gold can rule (Plato 1974, 414–415). Understandably, academic debates over the interpretation of Plato’s Republic revolve around the question of whether truth as attained in philosophy can be realised in politics as action and whether such a connection is even desirable. Without getting into the details of these scholarly exchanges, I suggest that they all share the concern that truth acquired through the rigorous process of philosophical reasoning is not without problem when applied to the real world of living humans. This is because not all humans are philosophers – and indeed, in Plato’s view, not everyone is capable of becoming a philosopher given the protracted and arduous training that one needs to endure to become one. Hannah Arendt (1906–1975), a highly influential political philosopher of the twentieth century, notes that ‘Plato was the first to introduce the division between those who know and do not act and those who act and do not know’ and that such a separation has remained ‘at the root of all theories of domination’ (Arendt 1958, 223, 225). What Arendt points out in this remark is not the gap between theory and practice, but rather that Plato provides the normative ground for those who know the truth to tell those who do not know what to do. Arendt herself took on the challenge of understanding the relationship between truth and politics through her analysis of Nazism and Stalinism. Arendt’s insight, which was controversial when The Origins of Totalitarianism was published in 1951, was to identify Nazism and Stalinism as representative of a new form of political rule – totalitarianism – making it distinct from ‘other forms of political oppression... such as despotism, tyranny and dictatorship’ (Arendt 1973, 460). Arendt defines totalitarianism as a self- contained system of ideas driven by their ‘logic’ and marked by a mode of reasoning called ‘ideological thinking.’ Ideological thinking as such is a distinctive form of political reasoning defined by three characteristics. First, ideological thinking claims to provide a ‘total explanation’ of all historical happenings, encompassing the past, the present, and the future. Second, while ideological thinking is an attempt to account for ‘factual reality’ in its totality, this mode of thinking is paradoxically divorced from reality and experience. This is because experience, being rooted in specificity, is clearly limited in its claim to totality. It follows that as its third characteristic, ideological thinking aims to emancipate thought from the limitation imposed by experience through a ‘specific method of demonstration.’ The method involves arranging facts into an ‘absolutely logical procedure’ that starts from an ‘axiomatically accepted premise’. It is, in short, a ‘process of deduction from a premise’ – which is the only possible movement in the realm of logic that leads to one definitive conclusion. This is how the ‘logicality of ideological thinking’ provides the basis for total explanation and the ‘principle of action’ for totalitarian movement (Arendt 1973, 468–474). Stated differently, totalitarianism is a form of uncompromising idealism that exists in one’s head irrespective of shared reality as experienced. It is the perverse form of what Arendt later refers to as ‘rational truth’, which is the product of the ‘speculative mind’ that belongs to philosophy, mathematics and the sciences. The ‘speculative mind’ is the mind working on its way to generate axioms and theories by relying on the cognitive capacity of the human brain (Arendt 1977, 231). The presence of others has no bearing whatsoever on rational truth. In contrast, ‘factual truth’ is what happens when humans are ‘living and acting together’ (Arendt 1977, 231). Factual truth is therefore particular and temporal by definition. But more importantly, factual truth is ‘political by nature’ because it can only be validated in the context of the human community (Arendt 1977, 238). In other words, factual truth is about humans in their plurality rather than in their singularity. For factual truth to be sustainable, we need what Arendt calls ‘common sense’ – understood as ‘community sense’ (Arendt 1982, 72). There is also another distinction about truth that Arendt makes which is pertinent to understanding how totalitarianism works. The issue is whether the so-called totalitarian ideology is simply an unnecessarily cumbersome way of saying that it is an all-round and polished lie. Here, Arendt calls totalitarian ideology the ‘modern lie’ – in contrast to the ‘traditional lie’. The latter is restricted by two conditions: that it is a lie about the ‘particulars’ and that it deceives only the ‘enemy’ – which means that the liar is not engaged in self- deception. The modern lie, however, involves a ‘complete rearrangement of the whole factual texture’. It also intends to deceive everyone alike, to the extent that those who initiate the lie eventually ‘fall victims to their own falsehood’ (Arendt 1977, 249–254). This distinction between the traditional and modern lie is important. It indicates that not only is totalitarianism a lie, but the lie is in fact too big to fit into the standard meaning of the word. To tell a lie from truth, we need a common standard. In the case of a traditional lie, the common standard is precisely ‘the fabric of factuality’. As such, a lie always appears as a ‘tear’ to that fabric. Yet, modern lies require making a surrogate reality with a completely different context for facts to fit ‘without seam, crack, or fissure, exactly as the facts fitted into their original context’. Arendt notes that as long as those who concoct the surrogate reality are prepared to engage in self- deception to ‘create a semblance of truthfulness’, there is nothing to prevent ‘these new stories, images, and non-facts from becoming an adequate substitute for reality and factuality’ (Arendt 1977, 253–254). Totalitarianism therefore requires a person to stand outside of the system itself in order to make sense of it. Arendt points out that it is futile for us to argue with (for example) a Nazi or a Stalinist on race or class. To confront totalitarianism requires more than just a confrontation with specific facts. It is a more fundamental confrontation between reality as experienced and its total rejection. This means that Nazism and Stalinism are more than radical ways of conducting racial conflict or class struggle. Rather: Totalitarian politics – far from being simply antisemitic or racist or imperialist or communist – use and abuse their own ideological and political elements until the basis of factual reality, from which the ideologies originally derived their propaganda value– the value of struggle, for instance, or the interest conflicts between Jews and their neighbours – have all but disappeared (Arendt 1973, xv). Accordingly: The ideal subject of totalitarian rule is not the convinced Nazi or the convinced Communist, but people for whom the distinction between fact and fiction (that is, the reality of experience) and the distinction between true and false (that is, the standards of thought) no longer exist (Arendt 1973, 474). Who then is the ‘ideal subject’ of totalitarianism? Although there is a revival of interest in Arendt’s observation on truth and politics since the onset of post- truth politics, not enough has been said about her reply to the question (Hyvönen 2018; Klinkler 2018; Lee 2019; Zerilli 2020). Yet if we take a look at Arendt’s portrait of this ideal subject, her view is even more pertinent to our current challenge. As a self-contained system of ideas that is detached from experience, totalitarian thinking offers consistency in ways that reality cannot. Arendt notes that this kind of consistency is especially appealing to those who have lost a sense of bearing in the world (Arendt 1973, 353). They constitute what she calls the ‘masses’. The ‘mass man’ is thus a highly isolated and atomised individual, who is ‘obsessed by a desire to escape from reality’ (Arendt 1973, 318, 352). In his ‘essential homelessness’ the mass man can ‘no longer bear its accidental, incomprehensible aspects’ (Arendt 1973, 352). This longing for escape from reality is a ‘verdict against the world’ in which one is ‘forced to live’ but ‘cannot exist’ (Arendt 1973, 352). Such a situation is ripe for the ‘revolt of the masses’ against ‘common sense,’ which is ‘the result of their atomisation, of their loss of social status’ and with it, the ‘whole sector of communal relationships in whose framework common sense makes sense’ (Arendt 1973, 352). In short, the masses are people who are considered to be ‘superfluous or can be spared … [who] cannot be integrated into any organisation based on common interest’ (Arendt 1973, 311). Whether one agrees with Arendt’s analysis of the social conditions in the interwar years that led to the formation of the ‘masses’, her portrait of the ‘mass man’ is a powerful account of what can happen to an individual who has become disposable to the society that they used to belong to. Hand in hand with this phenomenon is indeed the collapse of ‘common sense’ that leaves the dislodged individual scrambling for reconnection. By offering the masses a substitute reality validated by the ‘logic of an idea’ rather than by experience, totalitarianism makes it possible for them to live in a world where there is no condition of plurality. Between ‘facing the anarchic growth and total arbitrariness of decay’ and ‘bowing down before the most rigid, fantastically fictitious consistency of an ideology’, the masses will likely ‘choose the latter’ (Arendt 1973, 352). A world created by ideology, then, is more attractive to the masses not because ‘they are stupid and wicked, but because in the general disaster this escape grants them a minimum of self- respect’ by conjuring up ‘a lying world of consistency which is more adequate to the needs of the human mind than reality itself’ (Arendt 1973, 353). Moreover, it is precisely this ability to guarantee consistency that makes it possible for the leaders of totalitarian movements to demand ‘total, unrestricted, unconditional and unalterable loyalty of the individual member’ (Arendt 1973, 323). While this chapter is not a study of the social factors that led to specific contemporary developments such as the result of the Brexit referendum or the election of Donald Trump in 2016, Arendt’s ‘mass man’ seem to have found their counterparts among the supporters of Brexit and Trumpism. Studies of voters’ profiles in both events point to a disproportionate share of supporters from white male lower income backgrounds without university educations. These are individuals who have either already lost their jobs to globalisation or who are at high risk of losing their job with very little capacity to be retrained for the twenty-first century market economy of advanced industrialised states (BBC 2016; Pew Research Center 2018). In short, these displaced workers are part of the tapestry forming the modern equivalent of Arendt’s ‘mass man’ – ready to be the recruits of totalitarianism. Conclusion If we step back to take a more comprehensive approach to the relationship between truth and politics, both historically and theoretically, it is not so obvious that 2016 is a defining moment. From ancient China and ancient Greece to our so-called post-truth age, the indeterminacy of language appears to be a persistent political challenge. Language is always open to manipulation by its users to serve power. Nonetheless, the tendency these days is to single out the ubiquity of social media and the proliferation of Internet platforms as the incubator for the countless cyberwars of words that in turn fuel the real world of politics. In this context, language is no longer the conveyor of objective facts and accurate information, but rather the medium for expressing subjective opinions and feelings, as captured by the Oxford Dictionary’s definition of the term ‘post-truth politics’. In contrast, the historical approach used in this chapter shows that it is in fact too easy to point the figure at the Internet and digital communication for the political challenge that we face today. What is being suggested here is that with or without the Internet, language, be it used to convey facts or emotions, is simply a tool for communication that humans have invented. While language per se cannot adjudicate what is true or not true, what is right or wrong, it embodies such capacity when language is a shared norm. That shared norm cannot be sustained without some semblance of cohesion in any given community. Any war of words, irrespective of its platform, is indicative of the breakdown of such cohesiveness. Returning to the original context in which the term post-truth politics was first used by Steve Tesich helps to identify the important distinction between truth as the standard for knowledge and truth as the standard for action. The two do not necessarily coincide. Placed in the context of the history of political thought, this distinction is in fact at the heart of Plato’s Republic. Yet when the philosopher as the quintessential bearer of truth becomes king, the polis that he rules over is far from the ideal of a just state that it purports to be. Instead, it is one that is held together by lies and coercion. What Arendt reveals through her study of Nazism and Stalinism is that it is dangerous for the kind of truth that philosophy generates – ‘rational truth’ – to become the guide to politics. Politics guided by rational truth can only be uncompromising and follows a logic of its own that cannot afford the ambiguity and indeterminacy of reality as lived experiences of humans. A world of post-truth politics can be an opportunity for a new kind of politics if it is indeed about dismantling the idea that truth is the ideal that politics should strive for. But as it stands, the post-truth politics of today is more about invoking a past that never exists to judge the presence as a crisis in naming when the real crisis is about rebuilding a shared space that has room for all – be they of the left, right or centre; cosmopolitan or parochial; civic-minded or self-centred; liberal-minded or bigoted. Politics is and always will be about striving for that space, without which no human can thrive. References Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Arendt, Hannah. 1973. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Rev. ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Arendt, Hannah. 1977. “Truth and Politics.” In Between Past and Future, 227–264. New York: Penguin Books. Arendt, Hannah. 1982. Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy, edited by Ronald Beiner. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2016. “Brexit vote: The breakdown.” BBC News, December 7, 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-38227674 Cao, Feng. 2016. “A New Examination of Confucius’ Rectification of Names.” Journal of Chinese Humanities 2: 147–171. https://doi-org.subzero.lib. uoguelph.ca/ doi/ 10.1163/23521341-12340032. Connor, W. Robert. 1984. Thucydides. Princeton: Princeton University Press. de Jonge, Casper C. 2017. “Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Thucydides.” in The Oxford Handbook of Thucydides, edited by Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster, and Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.17 https://www-oxfordhandbooks-com.subzero. lib.uoguelph.ca/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199340385 Hyvönen, Ari-Elmeri. 2018. “Careless Speech: Conceptualizing Post-Truth Politics.” New Perspectives 26 (3): 31–55. https://www.proquest.com/ scholarly-journals/careless-speech-conceptualizing-post-truth/ docview/2204515132/se-2?accountid=11233. Hobbes, Thomas. 1839–1845. The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, edited by Sir William Molesworth. London: John Bohn. Vol. 8. Klinkner, Melanie. 2018. “Reasonable Truth.” International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 14 (3): 393–99. doi:10.1386/macp.14.3.393_7. Lee, Haiyan. 2019. “When Nothing Is True, Everything Is Possible: On Truth and Power by Way of Socialist Realism.” PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 134 (5). Cambridge University Press: 1157–64. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2019.134.5.1157 Lewis, Mark E. 1999. “Warring States Political History.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC, edited by Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, 587–650. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Makeham, John. 2003. “Zheng ming (Rectification of names).” In RoutledgeCurzon Encyclopedia of Confucianism, edited by Xinzhong Yao. Vol. 2: 813-814. New York: Routledge. Oxford Languages, n. d. “Word of the Year 2016.” Accessed 19 August 2017. https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2016/ Peters, Richard. 1979. Hobbes. Westport: Greenwood Press. Pew Research Center. 2018. “An examination of the 2016 electorate, based on validated voters.” Report, August 9, 2018. https://www.pewresearch.org/ politics/2018/08/09/an-examination-of-the-2016-electorate-based-on- validated-voters/ Plato. 1974. Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Indianapolis: Hackett. Tesich, Steve. 1992. “Watergate Syndrome: A Government of Lies.” The Nation: 12-14. January 6/13, 1992. Thucydides. 1972. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Rex Warner. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books. Wolin, Sheldon. 2004. Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Westen Political Thought. Expanded Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Zerilli, Linda M. G. 2020. ‘Fact-Checking and Truth-Telling in an Age of Alternative Facts.’ Le foucaldien 6, no. 1: 2, 1–22. Theresa Man Ling Lee is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Guelph (Canada). Lee is a political theorist who specializes in contemporary political thought. Her research and teaching areas include continental philosophy, Marxism and critical theory, feminism, postmodernism, philosophy of social science, psychoanalysis, multiculturalism, human rights, disability studies, modern Chinese political thought and comparative political theory. Lee has published on a wide range of subjects in these areas, including intercultural pedagogy and the challenges of teaching as a person with multiple minority designations in a Canadian university classroom.
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SellYourWay.org Launches New Resource Helping Business Owners Understand the Benefits of Working with a Certified Business Intermediary®
/PRNewswire/ -- Today, SellYourWay.org announces the launch of a new, dynamic feature on their website, defining the Certified Business Intermediary® (CBI)...
'Too early' - fan views on European football talk
In the meantime, the ride is the best in years and all the fans and pundits who thought Daniel Farke wasn't up to the job need to eat humble pie. Julian: Whilst I am proud with the way we are playing and believe that we have a really strong squad, I think it will be too early to go into Europe next season. John: All the talk about Europe is very premature.
SellYourWay.org Launches New Resource Helping Business Owners Understand the Benefits of Working with a Certified Business Intermediary®
Today, SellYourWay.org announces the launch of a new, dynamic feature on their website, defining the Certified Business Intermediary® (CBI) designation. This interactive tool educates small business owners on the advantages of working with these highly qualified and ethical Business Brokers when preparing to sell their business. This new resource emphasizes the benefits of selecting a CBI® — a professional who has met educational and performance requirements — and remains committed to ongoing ed
Why Luis Garcia Jr. is Yankees' MLB playoffs wild card
Almost two years ago, New York Yankees slugger Giancarlo Stanton served as arguably the club’s most deadly bat on the way to a World Series appearance. As the 2026 regular season winds down and the postseason looms, another powerful presence could be a key contributor to a similarly long October run this fall. New York native Luis Garcia Jr. has […] The post Why Luis Garcia Jr. is Yankees' MLB playoffs wild card appeared first on ClutchPoints.
Engineers solve puzzle of Arctic sea ice movement
UC Riverside researchers discover a way to explain the previously confusing movement of Arctic sea ice, offering a way to potentially predict where the ice will travel as the ocean gets warmer.
Opinion | JD Vance, Here’s a Catholic Politician You Should Get to Know
Andy Burnham is in some ways a throwback to U.S. Catholic politicians of past decades. He might be a signpost for the future.
When Your Business Needs a CFO
On this episode of Entrepreneurial Shades of Gray, Dani Dials sits down with Mark Dunaway, Area President of FocusCFO, to talk about what happens when a business reaches that stage and how a fractional CFO can help.
Tigers Crush Jays
Tigers 10 Blue Jays 1 That was less than fun. We’ve done well on bullpen days, but the problem with bullpen days is if it doesn’t go to plan, you can’t really change on the fly. If a pitcher is having a bad day, you really have to use him anyway. Especially if it is […]
Moment of Science: Using a high-resolution satellite to track tsunami waves
Making waves across the world... and above it! Here's how a passing satellite ended up giving us a new way to analyze tsunamis. 🌊
See which Westland restaurants failed inspections
Wayne County health inspectors found debris and improper storage at several Westland restaurants this summer.
Colorado science teacher hopes his Tyrannosaurus rex trackway discovery fuels ferocious passion for learning
A research associate with the Denver Museum of Nature and Science who teaches in Northglenn recently became the first person to ever identify a Tyrannosaurus rex trackway.
Manager Pat Murphy on Brewers' fourth straight Central Division title
The Milwaukee Brewers' run to a fourth straight Central Division title featured plenty of highs along the way, with manager Pat Murphy leading the way.
Adam Driver & Anne Hathaway Pair Up for Amazon MGM Movie, Release Date Set
Adam Driver and Anne Hathaway will share the screen in Ron Howard’s next directorial effort for Amazon MGM Studios. The studio has now reportedly confirmed when audiences can see the pair in the true-...
Packers Coaches Spark Confusion With Conflicting Messages
The Green Bay Packers have to get on the same page in a lot of ways. They need to get their offensive line on the same page, and their head coach and offensive coordinator need to get on the same page when it comes to the messaging coming from the team. When head coach Matt […] The post Packers Coaches Spark Confusion With Conflicting Messages appeared first on HEAVY.
Finding Purpose at the Intersection of Science and Beauty
“Wherever creative love enriches life, the Spirit is present and operating. The same is true when a person graciously loves himself or herself. If you enter into the love of God for yourself, knowing your wondrousness as a creature, forgiving yourself the way God forgives, then you have an encounter with the Spirit. Generous self love enables you to give…
Family Entertainment Center Coming to Former Wenatchee Big Lots
WENATCHEE — A new indoor entertainment center featuring trampolines, miniature golf and concessions is being developed inside the former Big Lots store on Easy Way in Wenatchee.
PETA says it plans meeting with fashion executive who restrained protesters at NY Fashion Week
A prominent animal rights group says it plans to meet with a top fashion trade executive who was filmed restraining two protesters at a New York runway show.
PETA says it plans meeting with fashion executive who restrained protesters at NY Fashion Week
A prominent animal rights group says it plans to meet with a top fashion trade executive who was filmed restraining two protesters at a New York runway show | WBEN
PETA says it plans meeting with fashion executive who restrained protesters at NY Fashion Week
A prominent animal rights group says it plans to meet with a top fashion trade executive who was filmed restraining two protesters at a New York runway show.
Denny Hamlin Recalls Story of NASCAR’s Most Caution-Filled Race
Denny Hamlin reflected on what led to the single most cautions in a NASCAR Cup Series race. The 2005 Coca-Cola 600 saw a record 22 caution flags, due in large part to a track surface adjustment prior to the race weekend.Last Sunday’s Enjoy Illinois 300 at World Wide Technology Raceway saw 18 caution periods, coming […] The post Denny Hamlin Recalls Story of NASCAR’s Most Caution-Filled Race appeared first on HEAVY.
PS5 Linux Dev Drops Project After "Slop Kiddies" Cash in on Crucial Exploit
Andy Nguyen, the developer behind the PS5 Linux project that released earlier in 2026, has officially declared that he will be stepping away from the PS5 modding scene before the release of support for Linux on the PS5 Pro that was under development. In an emotionally charged message on X,...
New Runewords Have Made Their Way to Diablo 4
Learn about new Runes and Runewords that were added to Diablo 4 in Season 15 Hell's Legacy, with information on stats and how to make them.
Scientists discover how to decode weather on faraway, deep-space worlds
Scientists from Trinity College Dublin have developed a powerful way to unravel the changing weather patterns on distant worlds. Using this approach, they discovered that the weather on a well-studied brown dwarf, “SIMP 0136”, previously linked with Northern Lights-like phenomena, is largely shaped by just two dominant processes: changes in temperature and the vertical structure of its clouds.
Sponsored: Marin packs one weekend with endless entertainment
Your weekend plans just got a whole lot busier! Marin County is packed with ways to get out and explore — from an iconic arts festival beneath the redwoods to authentic Oktoberfest celebrations and…
Apple Details How Reference Image Proves a Photo is Real
The iPhone 18 Pro models support Apple Reference Image, a way to verify that a photo was taken with an iPhone and hasn't been edited. Apple says it's a method to prove that something actually happened and wasn't AI-generated, likening the feature to a digital film negative. Apple Reference Image offers a trustworthy, scalable guarantee that a reference image is what it claims to be: a real photograph, captured by a real sensor in an iPhone camera, at a specific time.
Arrest made after early morning shooting at Dothan business
The victim was shot while running away from the business on Tuesday morning.
Can Flutter Entertainment (FLUT) Still Be Worth More On Sales?
Flutter Entertainment has seen its stock slide sharply over the past year, and that slump now puts a spotlight on a simple question. Is the current share price in any way justified by the sales the business is generating? Over the past 12 months, Flutter Entertainment shares have fallen 64.3%. This puts recent market confidence in the business under scrutiny when you compare it with what the company is actually selling. Fresh headlines around potential regulatory clarity for sports...
Runaway Athletics Spending Threatens the Financial Health of America’s Colleges, Cantwell Snapshot Report Shows - U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, & Transportation
Today, U.S. Senator Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.), Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, released a new snapshot report on how runaway athletics spending is harming the financial health and broader missions of U.S. colleges and universities – and hitting students with record-high fees.
Boise targets five areas for housing and business investment
Boise has nominated five areas for Opportunity Zone status, which could encourage private investment in housing, businesses and redevelopment through federal tax benefits.
Health officials clear part of Hastings apartment building after ricin exposure
In a letter health consultation dated Sept. 15 and addressed to Barry-Eaton County Health Department Health Officer Rebekah Condon, MDHHS concluded that first floor apartment units 101 through 113 and the connecting hallway from unit 113 to the south stairwell no longer pose an imminent danger to life and health from ricin.
Walmart to test health ambassador program in rural stores
Walmart continues to find ways to build and expand its healthcare business. The efforts, which include store pharmacists, telehealth options for Walmart+ members, now include testing a health ambassador role...
Walmart to test health ambassador program in rural stores
Walmart continues to find ways to build and expand its healthcare business. The efforts, which include store pharmacists, telehealth options for Walmart+ members, now include testing a health ambassador role...
Dr. Oz visits Atlanta to promote Georgia's new employee health insurance tool
Georgia is launching a new way for businesses to provide employee health insurance, with the Trump Administration pushing this initiative while premiums are set to rise again.
Dr. Oz visits Atlanta to promote Georgia's new employee health insurance tool
Georgia is launching a new way for businesses to provide employee health insurance, with the Trump Administration pushing this initiative while premiums are set to rise again.
Sutter Health and Presidio Trust Launch Partnership
Founding partnership creates new model for sustaining public spaces and advancing community health through nature Media can access downloadable photos, fact sheets and additional resources here. SAN FRANCISCO (Sept. 15, 2026) — As communities look for new ways to improve health, strengthen social connection and sustain treasured public spaces, not-for-profit health system Sutter Health and […]
Shailene Woodley laughs off Aaron Rodgers question after his podcast diss
Shailene Woodley isn’t letting her ex get her down. The “Paradise” actress was on her way into a pre-Emmys fundraiser on Sunday night when a nearby reporter called out, asking
Route 11 widening project underway in Rockingham County; nearby business shares concern
A Route 11 widening project is underway in Rockingham County following an $18.3 million construction contract, but some businesses along the corridor have concerns about how the changes could affect access.
South Carolina leaders talk to business owners about state’s economic future
With a new hospital and dozens of homes on the way, some people think Highway 321 in Indian Land needs to be improved, but taxpayers don’t want to foot the bill.
Health experts share tips to avoid germs, viruses this cold and flu season
Doctors say hand hygiene, covering your cough and staying home if you have a fever are ways to avoid catching an illness this cold and flu season.
Chrissie Hynde hates cameras and talking about herself. She made a Pretenders doc anyway
Chrissie Hynde is not one for looking back | WWL
‘Live Laugh Love’ Untangles the Politics of White Christian Women
In a new book, ‘Jesus and John Wayne’ author Kristin Kobes Du Mez looks behind the shiplap.
UVA Darden Reaches Top 5 in Bloomberg Businessweek Best Business Schools Ranking
The University of Virginia Darden School of Business was named the No. 5 business school in the United States by Bloomberg Businessweek in its
BYU–Hawaii Names New Deans for Faculty of Culture, Language & Performing Arts and Faculty of Business & Government
Brigham Young University–Hawaii Academic Vice President Kelly Haws announced two new academic leadership appointments, effective immediately.
Microsoft Reacts To Xbox Game Pass Rumor That Could Change The Service In A Big Way
Xbox Game Pass could see a major overhaul soon.
NEW: Cook Political Rates Key Senate Race a ‘Toss Up’ — Moves It Away From Democrats
Cook currently rates seven Senate races as “Toss Ups,” the outcomes of which are all but certain to determine which party controls the chamber next year.
Onspire Health Marketing Partners with Vidscrip to Bring Provider-Recorded Video Into Patient Engagement Programs
New capability helps practices personalize patient communications and strengthen their digital presence using their providers’ own voicesKansas City, MO, Sept. 15, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Onspire Health Marketing today announced a partnership with Vidscrip that gives healthcare practices a simple way to incorporate provider-recorded video into automated patient communications, practice websites and digital marketing. The initial rollout focuses on independent specialty practices, with potential
September's Pixel update squashes a ton of bugs
In addition to all the new Android 17 QPR1 features, Pixel users have a ton of patches and bug fixes coming their way.
This graduate uses baking to cook up conversation about mental health
Northeastern graduate Dayna Altman found a way to help others’ mental health—and her own—through “Bake It Till You Make It.”
Former Quality Inn on Airline sells for $1.4M
A bank-owned, distressed hotel property at the junction of Airline Highway and Interstate 12 in Baton Rouge has sold for $1,475,000. The 172-room property, formerly a Quality Inn, was built in 1968… Already an INSIDER? Sign in. Already an INSIDER? Sign in
Harvard scientists design evolutionary traps to stop viral mutations
When a virus mutates, the world usually finds out the hard way. Variants of influenza and SARS‑CoV‑2 can slip past vaccines and antibody drugs before scientists fully understand what has changed.
4 thoughts ahead of Wisconsin Badgers clash against Eastern Michigan
The Wisconsin Badgers are days away from kicking off Week 3 against the Eastern Michigan Eagles at home at Camp Randall Stadium. Wisconsin won big against Western Illinois in Week 2 with the 36-9 victory, but the win still left some fans unsatisfied with the team. The Badgers were forced to settle for three field [...]
New Tech Resurrects End-Of-Life Lithium Batteries Back To 95% Capacity
Scientists have developed a way of refurbishing lithium batteries by removing accumulated deposits on electrodes, returning them to 95% capacity.
Brightcore Nutrition: How gut health impacts your cognitive function
Chances are Alzheimer’s or Dementia has touched your life in one way or another. The statistics behind the disease are staggering. According to the World Health Organization, 57 million peopl…
Google’s September Pixel Drop upgrades VIP contacts, scam detection, and Pixel Watch
Google's September Pixel Drop makes VIP contacts one tap away.
Sinfonia Spirituosa goes for Baroque on Sunday
The fall music season is getting underway, and one of the first concerts will be a performance by Sinfonia Spirituosa — a Baroque-period-instrument chamber orchestra, based in Sacramento — at
This bizarre creature walks upside down—scientists stunned by ocean discovery - Futura-Sciences
The Alien of the Abyss In the dark depths of the Pacific, a truly otherworldly fish has been filmed moving in a way never seen before. Those “legs” are actually fin rays, and its way of walking shatters everything we thought we knew about fish locomotion. Imagine a body covered...
"They've always been high IQ, really good at spacing …
"They've always been high IQ, really good at spacing …
KJ Apa & Nadia Parkes To Lead Sophie Kargman Horror Film ‘Obey’ For Waypoint Entertainment, Spooky Pictures; Sony’s Screen Gems Distributing
EXCLUSIVE: KJ Apa (The Map That Leads to You) and Nadia Parkes (HBO’s Youth) have inked deals to star in Obey, a new horror film from Waypoint Entertainment (Project Hail Mary, Cuckoo) and Spooky Pict...
Responsibilities in close social relationships explain differences across cultures
Do you think that a person who reorganizes their life so that their aging parents can live with them would be likely to push another out of the way on the subway? What about greeting strangers with a smile?The answers to these questions are at the heart of a puzzle social psychologists have been debating for 30 years: how to best understand differences between cultures.
Judge blocks Kennedy Center board from putting Trump’s name on the building or grounds in any way
WASHINGTON (AP) — A federal judge blocked the Kennedy Center on Tuesday from returning President Donald Trump ’s name to the iconic performing arts venue in a move meant to recognize his renovation efforts, saying it would violate an earlier ruling that his name was illegally added to the building. Judge Christopher Cooper ruled that, […]
Entrepreneurial Shades of Gray: When Your Business Needs a CFO
This week on Entrepreneurial Shades of Gray, Dani sits down with Mark Dunaway of FocusCFO for a conversation about when your business needs a CFO... and how having the right financial expertise can help a growing business reach its next level.
Official | Dino Toppmoller leaves RC Lens by mutual consent
RC Lens and Dino Toppmoller have parted ways by mutual agreement, it was confirmed on Tuesday. The German, hired to replace Pierre Sage over the summer, only took charge of six official games before h...
Cincinnati Bengals Week 2 Power Rankings Roundup
The Cincinnati Bengals are 1-0, and they seem to have at least somewhat improved their defense in real ways this past offseason. That wasn’t enough for them to crack the top 10 quite yet for most NFL analysts, but they are moving up. Here is the roundup of power rankings from around the NFL content […]
Is science journalism dying? Comparing a “science crash” 40 years ago to today
"That three of the oldest and best-known publications — Scientific American, Popular Science, and National Geographic — have all faced cutbacks in recent years surely points to something deeper afoot."
ASU students help improve app that connects student-athletes to families with childcare needs
Suhaib Ahmad Siddiqui thought he was helping solve a simple problem.Sport Sitters, a startup that connects families with college athletes for childcare, needed an easier way to notify athletes when they had been approved to work through the platform.
Ranking Members Markey, Velázquez, American Small Businesses Fight Back Against Trump SBA’s Discriminatory Anti-Immigrant Lending Policies
More than 120 small businesses and organizations pen letter of support for Ranking Member Markey’s resolution striking down Trump’s ban on awarding SBA loans to green card holders Letter (PDF) (Washington, September 15) – Ranking Member Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.) today garnered additional support from Main Street small businesses for his Congressional Review Act (CRA) resolution to rescind the Trump administration’s discriminatory policy that bans green card holders from accessing essential Small Business Administration (SBA) loans. In a letter of support, more than 120 American small businesses and community organizations, led by Small Business Majority, applauded Ranking Member Markey’s efforts to overturn the Trump administration’s anti-immigrant lending ban and advocated for the passage of Ranking Member Markey’s CRA resolution in the Senate. House Small Business Committee Ranking Member Nydia M. Velázquez (D-NY-7) is leading the resolution in the House of Representatives. The Trump administration’s green card holder ban is the most recent escalation of SBA’s draconian citizenship restrictions that are killing jobs and putting the American Dream further out of reach for entrepreneurs. In Fiscal Year 2025, Trump’s SBA made an estimated $5.5 billion in loans to green card holders, which supported more than 80,000 jobs nationwide. “The Trump administration’s continued attacks on American small businesses and jobs are anti-American, they’re discriminatory, and they’re dragging down our communities and our economy. Thanks to partners like Small Business Majority, countless small businesses, and community organizations, we are fighting back and holding them accountable,” said Ranking Member Markey. “I will not stop fighting to rescind this hateful policy that attacks American entrepreneurs and prevents them from pursuing the American Dream.” “Small businesses and organizations across the country are sending a clear message that the Trump administration's discriminatory lending rules are bad for business,” said Ranking Member Velázquez. “I want to thank Small Business Majority for leading this effort and amplifying the voices of the entrepreneurs who create jobs and strengthen our local economies. As Ranking Member of the House Small Business Committee, I will keep pushing to stop these attacks on the American Dream and ensure that every eligible entrepreneur can access the capital they need to succeed.” In the letter, the small businesses write, “Congress must reaffirm its commitment to serving those who are rightfully and legally entitled to accessing key government guaranteed loan programs in pursuit of the American Dream. Restoring access to responsible, government-guaranteed loans for such a critical segment of our economy will allow thousands of small businesses to access the capital they require to grow and invest in American communities. If Congress does not act to protect access to the very ideals that our country was founded upon by rewarding those who adhere strictly to legal immigration pathways, local economies, communities and Main Street will pay the price.” Ranking Member Markey’s CRA resolution follows his introduction of the Investing in the American Dream Act alongside Ranking Member Velázquez earlier this year. The Investing in the American Dream Act would roll back the SBA’s draconian lending restrictions and restore previous SBA lending policies for immigrant entrepreneurs lawfully in the U.S., including green card holders, refugees, and asylees. More than 100 organizations have called for the passage of the legislation and more than 60 Massachusetts state legislators have raised concerns about the impact of the citizenship restrictions in their local communities. Ranking Member Markey is fighting for small business owners and immigrants that rely on SBA loans to start and run their businesses, create jobs, and contribute to their communities. In July, Ranking Member Markey and Ranking Member Velázquez introduced a bicameral resolution to rescind the Trump administration’s policy that bans green card holders from accessing essential SBA loans to start and grow their businesses and invest in Main Streets nationwide. In May, Ranking Member Markey highlighted the significant contributions of immigrant entrepreneurs in Massachusetts and across the country and condemned the Trump administration’s repeated attacks on immigrant communities at a Small Business Committee hearing. MIRA’s Elizabeth Sweet, who participated in Ranking Member Markey’s listening session earlier in May, provided testimony at the hearing. Also in May, Ranking Member Markey hosted a listening session at the Urban College of Boston to hear directly from several Massachusetts immigrant small business owners, lenders, and chambers of commerce how President Trump’s cruel and callous anti-immigrant policies are hurting Main Streets in the Bay State. Earlier in May, Ranking Member Markey hosted a press conference alongside Ranking Member Velázquez, Democratic lawmakers, and stakeholders to condemn the Trump administration’s harmful anti-immigrant lending policies and to introduce the Investing in the American Dream Act. In March, Ranking Member Markey released a comprehensive report detailing the harms to small business owners, workers, and consumers caused by the Trump administration’s ICE raids in communities across the country. In February, Ranking Member Markey introduced the Small Business ICE Disruption Fund Act, which would provide grants to small businesses that have been impacted by the Trump administration’s violent immigration enforcement actions on Main Streets across the United States. Earlier in February, Ranking Member Markey, Ranking Member Velázquez, Congressional Black Caucus Chair Yvette Clarke (D-N.Y.), Congressional Hispanic Caucus Chair Adriano Espaillat (D-N.Y.), and Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus Chair Grace Meng (D-N.Y.) sent a letter urging the SBA to rescind their lending rule change that bars legal permanent residents from receiving SBA loans. Previously, Ranking Members Markey and Velázquez released a statement condemning the actions of the SBA after it announced that small businesses with legal permanent residents will be barred from receiving SBA loans. In December 2025, Ranking Member Markey and all Democratic members of the Senate Small Business Committee sent a letter to the SBA reiterating concerns with the SBA’s citizenship requirements and highlighting a drop in SBA lending volume. In September 2025, Ranking Member Markey heard directly from SBA lenders about the issues with the citizenship verification requirements. In July 2025, Ranking Members Markey and Velázquez sent a letter to the SBA expressing serious concerns with the agency’s new, draconian citizenship verification requirements that require small businesses seeking SBA loans to be 100% owned by U.S. citizens, nationals, and legal permanent residents. ###
iOS 27 gives Camera app on iPhone three powerful new features
iOS 27 upgrades the iPhone’s Camera app in new ways, especially for users with AI-compatible models. Here’s what’s new for Camera in iOS 27.
Commanders Make 2-Point Conversion Decision Clear After Eagles Game
The Philadelphia Eagles came away with a 24-22 win over the Washington Commanders on Sunday in Philadelphia, a good win against a division opponent.
Trump slams Supreme Court for rejecting his push to restrict mail ballots
"The Court's inability and unwillingness to do the right thing for our Country will go down, in a very negative way, in the annals of History," Trump wrote in a lengthy social media post Tuesday
Warlock: Dungeons & Dragons Doesn't Have Waypoints Because the Devs Want Players to 'Figure Things Out' for Themselves
The developers of Warlock: Dungeons & Dragons have said they avoided putting waypoints into the game because they want players to actually explore.
Knauff back with the squad
The latest news from the training ground, with three players making their way back while Ritsu Doan is currently out due to illness.Adi Hütter was pleased to welcome Ansgar Knauff back after his thig...
Bozeman photographer pitches nonprofit business plan
Bozeman’s building boom means a steady supply of empty walls rising every month. At the same time, some local photographers have plenty of talent, but no easy way to market
Three Big Takeaways From UConn Basketball's Big East Schedule
The Huskies will be looking to win the conference after finishing second a year ago.
Chapel Bell Curve: The One That’s Appropriately Excited
Nathan and Yara are back to review the Bulldogs’ 70-20 win over Western Kentucky. The Dynamic Duo are excited by what they’ve seen. Not overly excited, mind you. Appropriately excited. Perhaps more intrigued than anything. Highlights include: As always we ask that you like, rate, subscribe, and patreonize the show wherever you get your podcasts. Until later… […]
The Latest: Supreme Court rejects Trump mail ballot restrictions ahead of midterms
The Supreme Court has rejected President Donald Trump’s bid to restrict mail ballots for the midterm elections, capping a flurry of last-minute legal action with voting already underway
Rebels in the Pros: NFL Week 1
Football is in full swing now, but somehow the fall weather is lagging behind, by a lot. The college football season just wrapped up its official week two and the NFL is now fully underway after wrapping up a high scoring week one. A few weeks ago we ran through the league to see where […]
Dawg Daze 2026 Digest | UW College of Arts & Sciences
Connect, explore, get involved! Dawg Daze will take place from September 23 to October 2, 2026. It is a great way to discover resources, familiarize yourself with important campus landmarks, and connect with staff and other students at the University of Washington.
Greening in China and India reshapes climate both locally and far away
A new study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences shows that greening in China generally cools the local climate with more rainfall over southern and northeastern China, while greening in India tends to produce warming and less rainfall. The Co-occurring greening in China and India yields uniform climate feedbacks across over half global lands, producing cooler and wetter southern China, cooler western Eurasia, and warmer northern North America.
Robots and AI find a hidden reaction inside 135-year-old chemistry
Chemical reactions are often written as simple equations: starting materials go in, and a product comes out. In reality, the samesubstrates can follow many different pathways depending on their concentrations, temperature, catalysts, and other conditions. Exploring all of these possibilities by hand is practically impossible. Now, advances in laboratory automation and chemical artificial intelligence are allowing researchers to systematically map this vast “reaction hyperspace”—and uncover chemistry that may have remained hidden even in reactions studied for more than a century. To address this question, scientists led by Prof. Bartosz A. GRZYBOWSKI, Director of the Center for Algorithmic and Robotized Synthesis within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) used an automated robotic platform to explore 960 different sets of conditions for the Biginelli reaction, a classic multicomponent reaction first reported in 1891.
The shape behind the Einstein problem just revealed strange new physics
A mathematical shape famous for covering a surface without ever repeating has revealed an unexpected ability to twist light into unusual chiral patterns. The discovery could lead to new ways of controlling light, polarization, and advanced optical devices.
The Yankees have found a way in 2026
It may have been the goal as always, but getting to October was no small matter this year for Aaron Boone and company.
Chicago Cubs news
Pedro Ramirez’s solo blast gave the Cubs a 2-0 lead on the way to a 4-3 victory Saturday, giving the Cubs the series win over the Pirates.
Police investigate after vehicles crash into Northwest Side businesses overnight
CHICAGO — Investigations are underway on Tuesday morning following separate crashes at businesses on the city’s Northwest Side overnight. The crash happened at the Soap Box, a 24-hour laundro…
See rural Iowa gems for free during All-State Barn Tour
Iowa once again will host the largest barn tour in the world when the All-State Barn Tour gets underway Sept. 19-20, with more than 100 barns open for self-guided tours
Immigrant leaders shape Colorado’s political future
Colorado’s political transformation is measured in many ways. A once reliably red state (with asterisks) became purple and is now a rather deep blue. For better or worse, probably the latter, power is ever more consolidated along the Front Range corridor. Counties such as Arapahoe, Jefferson and Larimer that were once Republican strongholds are now […]