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'SNL' recap: Jack Black joins the Five-Timers Club
Jack Black returns to Studio 8H to host 'Saturday Night Live' for the fifth time, while Jack White makes his sixth turn as musical guest.
Miami Marlins vs. Athletics - Live Score
View the Miami Marlins vs. Athletics game played on July 03, 2026. Box score, stats, play-by-play timeline, highlights, odds & more
Best-Selling Author’s Novel Ranked ‘Best Science Fiction’ of All Time on Goodreads
The iconic novel continues to resonate with readers, earning top honors decades after its release.
Houston Rockets jersey history No. 10 - Jabari Smith Jr. (2022-26)
During his time suiting up for the Rockets, Smith wore only jersey Nos. 1 and 10 and put up 13.6 points, 7.3 rebounds, and 1.5 assists per game.
Commentary: When stars’ plastic surgery is played for your entertainment
Often when I’m scrolling through Instagram, hypnotized by the stream of videos, an actress’ face will cut through the noise. This isn’t a typical clip from a press junket or red carpet. Instead, it will feature side-by-side images of the star, one younger and one more recent. Then a content creator – perhaps a doctor or an aesthetician, sometimes wearing scrubs – will walk me through what cosmetic procedures they think the actress has had. (It’s much rarer that men get this kind of analysis.)
Scientists trap light in a layer 1,000x thinner than hair
Researchers have created a nanoscale structure that traps infrared light in a layer just 40 nanometers thick—over 1,000 times thinner than a human hair. By using a unique material with exceptional light-bending properties, they can confine and intensify light far beyond previous limits. This setup also dramatically boosts light conversion effects, turning infrared into visible blue light. The advance could pave the way for smaller, faster photonic technologies.
Andrew Luck on Eric Ebron's comments about retirement: 'Without merit'
Ex-Colts TE Eric Ebron said GM Chris Ballard offered Andrew Luck an ultimatum in 2019. Luck told Fox 59/CBS 4 the comments were 'without merit'
Sabres, Bills make Buffalo sports history not done in 26 years
What a time to be alive in Western New York.
Fact check: New Trump video surfaces amid health concerns; ‘DJT released from hospital’
As concerns about Donald Trump's health surfaced on social media on Saturday, the White House issued an urgent statement
Rewards before awards: The benefits of science competitions
Orlando Science Center inspires students from kindergarten to 12th grade to pursue STEM careers with a variety of science competitions. Young people grow stronger in critical thinking, problem-solving, public speaking, organization and time management skills, among others, when they participate. OSC science competitions help students develop these essential life skills that allow them to be
Mary Rand, Pioneering Track and Field Olympian, Dies at 86
At the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, she became the first British woman to win a gold medal in track and field, and the first to win three medals in one Games.
The FT’s AI optimism rests on shaky science
Last weekend, the Financial Times published an article about the broader social impacts of AI. Studying, managing, and mitigating the negative impacts of the technological transition is supremely important, and doing so requires both the electorate and policymakers to be informed by good, impartial science. Unfortunately, for anyone with even basic training in social science [...]Read More...
March Madness Final Four live updates: How to watch, time, channel for Illinois vs. UConn, Arizona vs. Michigan
Get live updates from the men’s NCAA Final Four as March Madness continues. Follow the latest as UConn faces Illinois and Arizona plays Michigan.
Chelsea 7-0 Port Vale: What Rosenior and Tosin said
Chelsea are the first team to score seven or more goals in an FA Cup quarter-final game since Liverpool beat Birmingham City 7-0 in 2005-06. Chelsea have reached the FA Cup semi-finals for the 28th time, with only Man Utd (32) and Arsenal (30 before their game against Southampton this evening) reaching the final four of the competition on more occasions. Aged 18y 345d, Chelsea's Estevao is the youngest player to both score and assist in an FA Cup game for a Premier League side since Bukayo Saka for Arsenal against Bournemouth in January 2020 (18y 144d).
"I Will Always Cherish That Chapter Of My Life" - A Million Subs Later, One Of Retro Gaming's Most Famous YouTubers Calls It Quits
But not before releasing a bunch of documents from Nintendo's most famous legal case
NVIDIA's Neural Texture Compression Cuts VRAM Use From 6.5 GB to 970 MB
NVIDIA has released more details about its Neural Texture Compression (NTC) technology, which significantly reduces GPU VRAM usage by up to seven times. In a technology demo presented during one of the GTC 2026 sessions, NVIDIA revealed that its Neural Texture Compression can reduce VRAM usage from ...
Letters to Sports: Dodgers off to a roller-coaster start
Readers of the Los Angeles Times Sports section give their thoughts on the Dodgers, MVP candidates, UCLA basketball and more.
Times Opinion: Big money in politics makes progress in Tennessee impossible
Take a look at governmental policy and the public's broad position on any given issue, and you'll see a glaring disconnect.
2026 Masters odds, picks, field, date: Surprising PGA predictions by golf model that's called 16 majors
Mike McClure's model has simulated the Masters 2026 10,000 times and revealed golf picks for Augusta National
Quincy sports bars gear up for big rush during Illinois basketball’s historic postseason run
For the first time since 2005, the University of Illinois men’s basketball team is still playing in April.
The 76ers’ return to health could be in time to make a playoff run
It’s been a chaotic year for the 76ers, who entered the season as a dark horse competitor in the Eastern Conference.
Here’s how NASA cleared the iPhone 17 Pro Max for astronauts on Artemis II
The iPhone 17 Pro Max made it onto Artemis II after NASA cleared it for spaceflight, with each astronaut using one to capture the mission.
Another Eden Begins launches September 17
Time-traveling, turn-based RPG Another Eden Begins will launch for Switch 2, Switch, and PC via Steam on September 17, publisher WFS and developer Studio Prisma announced.
Nancy Guthrie Update: FBI’s ‘Best Lead,’ According to a Cybersecurity Expert
'Today' co-anchor Savannah Guthrie's mom, 84, remains missing more than two months after her Tucson, Arizona, kidnapping.
Nintendo Switch Games Normally $50 Now Only $5 on eShop
Nintendo Switch games that Nintendo fans normally have to pay $50 on the eShop are only $5 for a limited time.
Album Review: 6WA by BigXthaPlug & 600 Entertainment
BigXthaPlug spent eight months in Nashville making a country-rap album that debuted at No. 7 on the Billboard 200, put “All the Way” with Bailey Zimmerman at No. 4 on the Hot 100, got him a Rolling Stone cover, and filled arenas with Jelly Roll. And then he came back to Dallas, rounded up four of his signees, and made a gangsta-rap record with N.W.A’s Straight Outta Compton on the cover. 6WA is the second group release from 600 Entertainment, named after the 600 block of Meadowridge Street in Ferris, Texas, where BigX and his people grew up. The whole thing is loaded with West Coast samples. From N.W.A.’s “8Ball,” Eazy-E’s “Real Muthaphuckkin G’s” and “Boyz-N-The-Hood,” Ice-T’s “6 in the Mornin’,” Snoop Dogg’s “Nuthin’ but a ‘G’ Thang” and more. BigX is staking his name on the lineup he built—Rosama, MurdaGang PB, Yung Hood, KevanGotBandz, KaineMusic—and claiming a lineage from 1,400 miles away while insisting Dallas is its own thing. A million dollars in cash, split and handed straight to his mother. That’s the first place BigX goes on “From the Bottom.” He’d probably still be in the streets if he didn’t have his son and daughter. He only started rapping to make life better for Carter. Couldn’t start his car back then, now people get starstruck at Starbucks, and he throws the whole field away in one sentence: “How you think we competin’? You on the same bag, I just made me some millions off country.” Goyard bags off a Nashville payday, and he wants you to know exactly how far he’s come from everybody else. “Safe to Say” does something similar but looser. It’s a straight Ice Cube “It Was a Good Day” flip, and BigX nails it. Wakes up, checks both phones, nobody’s locked up, kid accounts look good. Gets pulled over, only catches a warning. Pulls up on the squad to liquor, ladies, and haze. Rosama takes the second verse and matches him. Wakes up to his girl cleaning his cuticles, twins playing peekaboo, pays off his car, calls a cousin, sees the opps and they don’t trip. Lawyer calls, he beat his case. Rosama is the strongest voice in the 600 camp after BigX, and “Life of a Gangster” is why. Third person, riding low, blacked-out windows, snub-nose revolver. A character who chose sticking people up over selling dope. “Quick eraser like a number-two pencil.” He never breaks character, and his delivery drops lower and slower than anything he does on the group cuts, like he’s telling you something at a cookout that he probably shouldn’t. Then on “Long Live Fre$h” he’s a completely different rapper. “Short-bus diamonds, these bitches retarded,” wide-body Durango he can’t even park. That kind of range matters on a group record. MurdaGang PB’s best verse is on the title track. Feds at his door at 6 AM, cameras busted, flushing dope, ram truck putting everybody on the floor. Yung Hood on “The Hottest” just lays out four reasons to keep hustling. Who wants to be broke, women cost money, you need bail, and home has to be straight. It’s funnier and more honest than most rappers get when they’re trying to explain why they sell drugs. KevanGotBandz on “Ain’t Never Slowin’ Down” talks about his father getting caught on the dope while he’s sitting on $300K somewhere in the hills, which is a specific kind of guilt that doesn’t usually make it onto crew tapes. KaineMusic, the newest signee, takes the back half of “Who Dunnit” and introduces herself in third person—“Took flight just to show these hoes how to perform”—but it’s too short to know if she can hold a full song. The flex tracks fill the middle of the LP and mostly run together. “I Go” is Rosama and PB trading brands, guns, and food punchlines. Rosama’s “anemic, my iron tucked low in this shirt” is a slick gun bar, PB fires back with “.223 with a clip ‘bout as big as a toddler” and “I go Burger King, stay with that whopper.” Quick, funny sometimes, but it’s all shopping lists. “Dopeman” is a chant. “6ixer Party” brings Snoop Dogg, who does exactly what you’d expect Snoop Dogg to do. BigX contributes the night’s wildest overshare: “She say she brought a friend too, well, I’m tryna put sausage on her dental.” These songs move fast and don’t overstay, but three or four of them could trade verses and nobody would catch it. Midway through, The D.O.C. shows up for a spoken-word interlude. Tracy Curry. West Dallas native, former N.W.A affiliate, co-writer on a lot of the records getting sampled on this very album. He thanks BigX for the tribute and then gets direct: “This your time, this DFW time. You need to do it like we do it down here.” Leave bread crumbs so everybody behind you can eat. Keep God in your life. It’s fatherly and generous, and it does raise the question of whether 6WA follows that advice. The album borrows heavy. The cover art, the Eazy-E samples, “Amerikkka’s Most Wanted” opening with a direct “Boyz-N-The-Hood” lift, Yung Hood rapping “Flag on my left side, Crip until I die.” But the stuff that actually stays with you is Dallas. BigX talking about Pleasant Grove, Rosama calling himself a country boy, PB recounting a raid that could’ve been last Tuesday. The record smells most like itself when it smells like Ferris, Texas, and least like Compton. BigX on “The Hottest” says his father was the first person he knew who had chickens. Not the way rappers usually wave at the drug trade. He means his actual father, his actual family. On “600 Degrees,” Rosama compares his chopper’s stutter to a speech disorder, PB claims he still has the block on his back even after leaving the city. BigX closes that one saying he used to spin and smack, and now the plaques are platinum. Thirty-two minutes was right for this. Nobody overstays, Tony Coles and Rance and Charley Cooks keep the production punchy, and BigX gives his signees real room instead of crowding every song. 6WA doesn’t reinvent anything. Five rappers, good beats, short clock. Most of what they say you’ve heard before. Some of it—the million to his mother, the cuticles and peekaboo, the four reasons to hustle—you won’t forget. Solid (★★★½☆) Favorite Track(s): “Safe to Say,” “From the Bottom,” “The Hottest” Subscribe
These women had their breasts removed to thwart cancer. Then came the pain.
Post-mastectomy pain syndrome, or PMPS, is estimated to afflict tens of thousands of U.S. women each year. It is not well understood.
Trump Slashed Funding for Science. Now the U.S. Faces a Costly Brain Drain.
The White House’s attacks on academia and budget cuts for research have provided an opening for other countries to poach leading scientists.
Google Just Released Gemma 4: Why This Open-Source AI is a Game Changer
Google positions Gemma 4 for workstation and edge deployment, with E2B/E4B models offering 128K context for low-latency on-device apps.
Baseball can be a home run for good brain health
Play ball, seniors. The spring sport, which officially ramps up in Toledo on Tuesday with the Mud Hens’ home opener, can stimulate the brain and create ...
We live in a time where we are constantly connected but rarely seen. Here's how to fix that.
Something quieter is happening underneath all the noise — people are wondering if they matter.
US-Israeli strikes hit 30 universities in Iran since war began, science minister says
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Tom Pohlad to lead Twins business operations throughout 2026 season
Twins owner Tom Pohlad initially considered hiring a president of business operations after Derek Falvey resigned in January.
Week in Politics: Trump's latest speech; SCOTUS on birthright citizenship; Pam Bondi
President Trump claimed victory in Iran during a prime-time address to the nation. Meanwhile, Attorney General Pam Bondi is out, and the Supreme Court heard oral arguments on birthright citizenship.
Cleveland High baseball team surging with nine-game winning streak
Joshua Pearlstein has been leading the way for the Cavaliers with his hitting and pitching.
Naples Community’s Choice Awards business spotlight: Joint Replacement Institute
Nominations for the Naples Community’s Choice Awards are open! It's time to recognize your favorite local businesses.
Cluster Munitions and the Politics of Enforcement
The Use of Cluster Munitions Doesn’t Draw the Same Scrutiny When Israel or Israeli Civilians Are the Victims of Attacks
House Democrats to hold California 'shadow hearings' on midterm election security
House Democrats will hold informal hearings in California on midterm election security, following multiple threats of intervention in state-run voting by the Trump administration.
Woman, 41, Admits She Feels ‘Like a Ticking Time Bomb’ After Learning She’s a Carrier for Fatal Huntington’s Disease
A woman said she feels like a 'ticking time bomb' after she learned she carries a gene mutation for Huntington's disease, a rare illness affects an individual's ability to move and think, as well as their mental health.
Where to watch Baltimore Orioles vs Pittsburgh Pirates: TV channel, start time, streaming for Apr. 4
Here's how to watch Saturday's Pittsburgh Pirates vs Baltimore Orioles game, including start times, TV channels, scores and how to stream.
How Scientifically Accurate Is ‘Project Hail Mary’? Experts Weigh In
Based on hard science fiction, a genre that prioritizes scientific accuracy, the blockbuster gets a lot right but misses a few things, experts say.
How Pam Bondi lost her job
Her time in office showed her willingness to go where previous attorneys general wouldn’t and mold the Justice Department to a president’s political vision.
A Meat Plant Closed in Nebraska. Then Politics Became a Focus for These Latinos
Politically disconnected young men, especially Latinos, helped fuel President Trump’s victory, but in this economy, they could move to unconventional candidates like Dan Osborn in Nebraska.
Column: The future is now
In the sci-fi of 2026, the future isn’t bright, necessarily. But there is a tiny light of optimism burning in the darkness. We’re still here, against all odds. And if
NBA games today: Schedule, odds, how to watch for April 4
Here's the full NBA schedule, for April 4, including game times, TV channels, scores, odds and how to stream.
NHL games today: Schedule, odds, how to watch for April 4
Here's the full NHL schedule, for April 4, including game times, TV channels, scores, odds and how to stream.
Women's March Madness games today: Schedule, times, how to watch for April 4
Here's the full NCAA women's basketball schedule, for April 4, including game times, TV channels, scores and how to stream.
Students found a star from the dawn of the universe drifting into the Milky Way
A group of undergraduate students stumbled into a cosmic time capsule—one of the oldest stars ever discovered—while combing through massive astronomy datasets. What began as a class project quickly turned into a breakthrough when they spotted an extraordinarily “pristine” star made almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, hinting it formed near the dawn of the universe.
A Look At Melco Resorts & Entertainment (MLCO) Valuation After Recent Analyst Downgrades And Earnings Miss
Recent shifts in analyst sentiment toward Melco Resorts & Entertainment (MLCO) have put the stock in focus, after several major banks flagged slower expected Macau EBITDA growth, liquidity questions, margin pressure, and mixed quarterly results. See our latest analysis for Melco Resorts & Entertainment. At a share price of US$5.68, Melco Resorts & Entertainment has seen a 1 day share price return of a 1.56% decline and a 90 day share price return of a 24.37% decline. The 1 year total...
The war in Iran: is Trump ‘on the run’?
Despite giving the impression of diplomatic talks, the US president could be ‘playing for time’
Health Ministry reveals wartime preparations in Eilat, Dead Sea amid tense security situation
An internal document from the Ministry of Health reveals the depth of the preparations, which include increasing the number of teams operating around the clock and the number of intensive care units. ...
NCAA championship game: How to watch South Carolina vs. UCLA, start time, TV channel and more
LinkedIn Hidden Code Secretly Searches Your Browser for Installed Extensions
Every time you open LinkedIn in a Chrome-based browser, hidden JavaScript silently scans your computer for installed software without your knowledge, without your consent, and without a single word in LinkedIn's privacy policy.
MINNEAPOLIMEDIA ENTERTAINMENT | This Weekend in the Twin Cities Entertainment Guide: April 3 ~ April 5, 2026
Twin Cities weekend features packed events including Twins opening series, concerts, theater, and festivals, reflecting a full return to high spring activity.
Vikings Announce Key Dates for Offseason Program
It’s almost offseason program time, yes
UNK to name Health Science Education Center II atrium for Carey and Brian Hamilton
A major new space at the University of Nebraska at Kearney will soon carry the names of two longtime supporters as the university works to expand health educati
UNK to name Health Science Education Center II atrium for Carey and Brian Hamilton
A major new space at the University of Nebraska at Kearney will soon carry the names of two longtime supporters as the university works to expand health educati
Trump Contemplates Other Cabinet Changes as He Faces Political Clock
With the midterms approaching, the president may be running out of time to get new cabinet members confirmed without bipartisan support.
Croston calls for changes while resigning at Hennepin Healthcare
The co-administrator said Hennepin County commissioners overruled the health care executive's operational decisions.
These overlooked brain cells may control fear and PTSD
Astrocytes, once thought to be mere brain “support cells,” are now revealed to be key players in fear memory. Researchers found they actively help form, recall, and weaken fear responses by interacting with neurons in real time. Changing astrocyte activity directly altered how strong fear memories became. This breakthrough could lead to entirely new treatments for anxiety-related disorders.
MXene breakthrough boosts conductivity 160x with perfect atomic order
A new breakthrough is transforming MXenes—ultra-thin, high-tech materials—into something far more powerful and precise. Researchers have developed a cleaner, more controlled way to build these materials using molten salts and iodine, eliminating the messy chemical processes that once left their surfaces disordered. The result is a perfectly arranged atomic structure that lets electrons flow with remarkable ease, boosting conductivity by up to 160 times.
New Business: Slightly Crooked Pies opens on Manchester’s Elm Street, The Mallard lands in Londonderry
Entering Slightly Crooked Pies on Elm Street in Manchester, customers are taken back in time. The homey wallpaper features cherries in the design to fit the theme, and the space
Flavor Flav, a longtime supporter of women's sports, is courtside at Final Four
Flavor Flav was among the celebrities in attendance at the women's Final Four on Friday night, sitting courtside for the UConn-South Carolina game with former Gamecocks player Aliyah Boston. Flav, a founding member of the hip-hop group Public Enemy, is also friends with Gamecocks coach Dawn Staley. The 67-year-old Flav is a longtime supporter of women's sports and attended various Olympic competitions this winter.
Trump pushing to stabilize college sports and limit transfers
President Trump signs an executive order aimed at fixing college sports that would give federal agencies authority to cut funding at schools that don't comply.
Caesars Entertainment (CZR) Valuation Check As Shares Rebound Despite Multi Year Return Weakness
Caesars Entertainment overview and recent performance snapshot Caesars Entertainment (CZR) has been drawing attention after recent price moves, with the share price last closing at $26.53 and total return data giving a mixed picture across different time frames. Over the past day, the stock showed a 0.08% decline, while the past week reflected a 1.34% decline. Over the past month, total return stands at 6.04%, and over the past 3 months at 12.61%. Year to date, Caesars shows a 12.61% total...
Former Bluefield economic developer completes first year with Small Business Administration
A longtime southern West Virginia economic developer has completed his first year working for the federal government.
Danville to expand two-hour parking limits in River District; businesses raise concerns
Parking in Danville’s River District will soon come with a time limit as the city expands two-hour parking rules.
Trump's budget singles out L.A. homelessness agency as he proposes housing cuts
Trump’s proposed budget attacks L.A.'s homelessness agency in push to eliminate a federal program that funds housing and services for homeless Americans.
Central Oregon’s Mt. Bachelor resort gets into the hotel business
"Right place, right time" led the resort to jump on a long-term lease on the road to its lifts.
Trump gives rare praise to persistent GOP foe after White House ballroom vote
Trump gives a special shout out to Sen. Rand Paul after the fiscal hawk votes yes on plans for the estimated $400 million White House ballroom project.
Women’s Final Four live updates: How to watch, time, channel for UConn vs. USC, UCLA vs. Texas
Women’s Final Four live updates: How to watch, time, channel for UConn vs. USC, UCLA vs. Texas
What time is UConn vs South Carolina in Final Four? Start time, location, TV Channel
Everything you need to know to tune into No. 1 UConn Huskies vs No. 1 South Carolina Gamecocks including start time and streaming options for the Final Four
What time is UCLA vs Texas in Final Four today? Start time, location, TV Channel
Everything you need to know to tune into No. 1 UCLA Bruins vs 1 Texas Longhorns including start time and streaming options for the Final Four
H.H.S. Takes a First Step Toward Restoring Vaccine Advisory Committee
A federal judge last month questioned the legitimacy of the panel and overturned its recent work. A notice suggests that it may be revived on Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s terms.
How The PENN Entertainment (PENN) Turnaround Story Is Shifting With New Targets And ESPN Progress
PENN Entertainment's fair value estimate has shifted from US$18.44 to US$19.11 per share, putting it closer to a cluster of recent Street targets in the mid to high teens and low US$20s. This revision aligns with analyst commentary that combines optimism around the interactive segment and free cash flow with lingering doubts about management credibility and the turnaround story. Read on to see how to track these changing targets and keep up with the evolving narrative around PENN. Analyst...
West's best winning streaks collide as Spurs visit Nuggets
San Antonio's first dynasty ended when Tim Duncan retired with five NBA titles over 19 seasons. Ten years later, the Spurs are hoping to build another one behind Victor Wembanyama.
WA to sue Trump over national voting list, vote-by-mail restrictions
The lawsuit argues that the Constitution places states in charge of administering elections and says Trump's order violates the separation of powers.
Logan City School District announces leadership changes, names new business administrator
LOGAN — The Logan City School District has announced a series of leadership changes, including the retirement of its longtime business administrator and the appointment of new administrative leaders ahead
Scientists Witnessed the Formation of a Mysterious Particle for the First Time
Theories long predicted how polarons form, but now there’s proof.
Scientists Witnessed the Formation of a Mysterious Particle for the First Time
Theories long predicted how polarons form, but now there’s proof.
Moon-bound Artemis II astronauts get help for Microsoft Outlook glitch
A day into their historic 10-day journey around the moon, astronauts told Houston they had a problem: They couldn’t open their email.
Faith vs. Sports: Bulls' Jaden Ivey waived after alleged anti-NBA Pride Month remarks
Start your morning with The National News Desk as Angela Brown sits down with the co-founder of Transformation Church and Pastor Derwin Gray to discuss former C
Big Banks Seeking a Piece of SpaceX’s I.P.O. Must Subscribe to Elon Musk’s Grok
Mr. Musk is requiring Wall Street firms to purchase subscriptions to his A.I. chatbot if they want to advise on one of the largest initial public offerings in history.
Gemma 4 and what makes an open model succeed
Having written a lot of model release blog posts, there’s something much harder about reviewing open models when they drop relative to closed models, especially in 2026. In recent years, there were so few open models, so when Llama 3 was released most people were still doing research on Llama 2 and super happy to get an update. When Qwen 3 was released, the Llama 4 fiasco had just gone down, and a whole research community was emerging to study RL on Qwen 2.5 — it was a no brainer to upgrade. Today, when an open model releases, it’s competing with Qwen 3.5, Kimi K2.5, GLM 5, MiniMax M2.5, GPT-OSS, Arcee Large, Nemotron 3, Olmo 3, and others. The space is populated, but still feels full of hidden opportunity. The potential of open models feels like a dark matter, a potential we know is huge, but few clear recipes and examples for how to unlock it are out there. Agentic AI, OpenClaw, and everything brewing in that space is going to spur mass experimentation in open models to complement the likes of Claude and Codex, not replace them. Especially with open models, the benchmarks at release are an extremely incomplete story. In some ways this is exciting, as new open models have a much higher variance and ability to surprise, but it also points at some structural reasons that make building businesses and great AI experiences around open models harder than the closed alternatives. When a new Claude Opus or GPT drops, spending a few hours with them in my agentic workflows is genuinely a good vibe test. For open models, putting them through this test is a category error. Something else to be said about open models in the era of agents is that they get out of the debate of integration, harnesses, and tools and let us see close to the ground on what exactly is the ability of just a model. Of course, we can’t test some things like search abilities without some tool, but being able to measure exactly the pace of progress of the model alone is a welcome simplification to a systematically opaque AI space. Share The list of factors I’d use to assess a new open-weight model I’m considering investing in includes: Model performance (and size) — how this model performs on benchmarks I care about and how it compares to other models of a similar size. Country of origin — some businesses care deeply about provenance, and if a model was built in China or not. Model license — if a model needs legal approval for use, uptake will be slower at mid-sized and large companies. Tooling at release — many models release with half-broken, or at least substantially slower, implementations in popular software like vLLM, Transformers, SGLANG, etc due to pushing the envelope of architectures or tools. Model fine-tunability — how easy or hard it is to modify the given model to your use-case when you actually try and use it. The core problem is that some of these are immediately available at release, e.g. general performance, license, origin, etc. but others such as tooling take day(s) to week(s) to stabilize, and others are open research questions — with no group systematically monitoring fine-tunability. In the early era of open models, the days of Llama 2 or 3 and Qwen pre v3.5, the architectures were fairly simple and the models tended to work out of the box. Some of this was due to the extremely hard work of the Llama, Qwen, Mistral, etc. developer teams. Some is due to the new models being genuinely harder to work with. When it comes to something like Qwen 3.5 or Nemotron 3, with hybrid models (either gated delta net or mamba layers), the tooling is very rough at release. Things you would expect to “just work” often don’t. I’ve been following this area closely since we released Olmo Hybrid with a similar architecture, and Qwen 3.5 is just starting to work well in the various open-source tools that need to all play nice together for RL research. That’s 1.5 months after the release date! This is just to start really investing more into understanding the behavior of the models. Of course, others started working on these models sooner by investing more engineering resources or relying on partially closed software. The fully open and distributed ecosystem takes a long time to get going on some new models. All of this is lead-in for the most important question for open models — how easy is it to adapt to specific use-cases? This is a different problem for different model sizes. Large MoE open-weight models may be used by entities like Cursor who need complex capabilities in their domain, e.g. Composer 2 trained on Kimi K2.5. Other applications can be built on much smaller models, such as Chroma’s Context-1 model for agentic search, built on GPT-OSS 20B. The question of “which models are fine-tunable” is largely background knowledge known by engineers across the industry. There should be a thriving research area here to support the open ecosystem model. The first step is to understand characteristics of different base and post-trained models to understand what they look like. The second step is to tune pretraining recipes for open models so they’re more flexible. Interconnects AI is a reader-supported publication. Consider becoming a subscriber. Subscribe For The ATOM Project and other Interconnects endeavors, we’ve put in substantial effort to measuring adoption trends in the open ecosystem. Everything takes a long time to unfold after a model is first publicly available — and adaptability is why. What we know for sure now, when Qwen has been going from strength to strength with its releases, is that technical staff across the industry has gotten comfortable working with Qwen models. Countless research methods and datasets were made to work with Qwen. It’ll take patience for any other model family to get to this point — a patience I’m not sure many open model builders have. This takes us to Gemma 4, Google’s latest open models. Gemma 3 was released more than a year ago, in March of 2025, and is a bit underrated. Gemma 4 comes in 4 sizes for now, with a bigger, MoE model of over 100B total parameters rumored but not released yet. The models we have today come in sizes of ~5B dense, 8B dense, 26B total 4B active MoE, and 31B dense. I’m most excited that they’re finally adopting a standard Apache 2.0 open source license. This’ll massively boost adoption. The standard of better licenses for strong open-weight LLMs was set by mostly Chinese open model labs in the last 1-2 years, and now U.S. companies are following suit. I will personally be so happy if the horrible Llama licenses and Gemma terms of service were an ~18-month transient dynamic of the industry being nervous about releasing strong open models. The Gemma 4 scores look very solid, the small models have incredible benchmark scores (especially in general domains like LMArena) and the 31B model rivals the recent Qwen 3.5 27B, which is the leading member of that class. The ~30B size range is an important one, as it’s accessible both to researchers and to enterprises looking to deploy the model in real use-cases. Where the 7B model scale is the default for tinkering and research, a 30B model is the default for seeing if an open model can unlock substantial value in your specific workflow — a good mix of intelligence, low price, tractability for downstream training, etc. This takes us back to the above adoption criteria I mentioned for open models and the bigger question — do I think Gemma 4 will be an overwhelming success? Previous Gemma models have been plagued by tooling issues and poorer performance when being finetuned. Gemma 4’s success is going to be entirely determined by ease of use, to a point where a 5-10% swing on benchmarks wouldn’t matter at all. It’s strong enough, small enough, with the right license, and from the U.S., so many companies are going to slot it in. I’m cautiously optimistic that Gemma 4 is going to work better here. Winds are shifting for open models built in America. We saw GPT-OSS go through a bumpy launch to become an overwhelming success. There’s a collective energy around the likes of Reflection, Arcee, Nemotron, Gemma, Olmo, and peers that show substantial demand for building new stacks around open models. There’s capital to be spent on AI stacks across the economy by those who want more ownership of everything, including the model. After launching The ATOM Project 240 days ago, the conversation is shifting into the next stage. Summer of 2025 was a crisis moment where the U.S. AI scene realized it can’t wait and figure out open models after building AGI. The two markets will capture different areas and proceed in parallel. Now that more companies in the U.S. are releasing strong models, we need to improve the ecosystem so that these models are easy to use, understand, and build value around. It’s the hard work to build another inflection point in these adoption plots I’ve been updating consistently, but that’s the work to be done. Join me in it. More data coming soon! Here’s a sneak peek:
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