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Khris Middleton to the Heat, too? The speculation has started
On the Hoop Collective podcast, NBA insider Brian Windhorst said he's heard that Khris Middleton to the Heat might be a possibility.
Oklahoma City builds momentum as sports and entertainment destination
Oklahoma City is emerging as a top sports and entertainment destination with events at Paycom Center and new stadium developments boosting local impact.
Oklahoma City builds momentum as sports and entertainment destination
Oklahoma City is emerging as a top sports and entertainment destination with events at Paycom Center and new stadium developments boosting local impact.
How a new White House proposal could fundamentally change American science
Join us for a discussion on the potential impacts of a Trump admin plan to overhaul how federal research grants are awarded and administered.
Covid vaccine study the acting CDC director blocked is published in an outside journal
The findings suggest that Covid vaccines reduced the likelihood of severe illness last fall and winter.
CDC’s chief blocked a covid vaccine study. Now it’s in a top medical journal.
The study found that the vaccine reduced the risk of emergency department visits and hospitalizations among healthy adults by about half last winter.
Polymarket allegedly faked trades. Chances are slim Trump admin investigates, says sports-betting attorney
A recent Wall Street Journal investigation found that the prediction market hired influencers to stage fake trades as part of its marketing campaign to attract U.S. users.
Behind this “ordinary snake,” scientists stunned by a hidden new species - Futura-Sciences
A Mysterious Snake Revealed Researchers from the Chengdu Institute of Biology, partnering with the Giant Panda National Park, have officially described a new species of tree viper: Trimeresurus lii, affectionately dubbed the Huaxi green viper. The discovery was made in early 2025 and published in the open-access journal Zoosystematics and...
More luxury retailers open Strip stores
Luxury retailers open new stores at The Shops at Crystals and Forum Shops at Caesars Palace.
Advances in materials science are helping unlock secrets of nanomaterials
New instruments on the horizon promise the most precise tools yet to study and experiment on the smallest and most complex materials ever manufactured. In a paper published in the journal Nature Materials, ...
Indonesian Academy of Sciences launches journal with Taylor & Francis
Publication will be "source of original research spanning science, technology, mathematics and the social sciences"
How Brexit broke British politics
Brexit fractured the European Union, and it broke British politics. The country is about to get its seventh prime minister since the 2016 vote to leave the EU. Labour Prime
UM Health - Sparrow officials break ground on new $60 million facility
The project expands UM Health-Sparrow Lansing's presence along Michigan Avenue while also furthering along the end of the St. Lawrence campus.
Renae Merle named Houston Chronicle business editor
A veteran journalist and newsroom leader, Merle brings more than two decades of experience to the Chronicle.
Real Estate Partner Sara Neva Receives Another Top Accolade, Named 40 Under 40 Leader by San Diego Business Journal
Procopio Real Estate Partner Sara Neva has been named to the 2026 40 Under 40 Leaders list by the San Diego Business Journal, the third time she's earned Real Estate Partner Sara Neva has earned her most recent recognition, named to the San Diego Business Journal list for 2026.
CT Business Blend: June 22, 2026
Hartford Business Journal’s Greg Bordonaro and WTIC’s Brian Shactman explore the people, companies and trends shaping Connecticut’s business scene every Monday at 8:30 a.m. on WTIC 1080 AM.
Open Door Health Services Appoints Dr. Amelia Clark as Next Chief Executive Officer
By Carolyn Frost— MUNCIE, IN—After an extensive national search, the Board of Directors at Open Door Health Services is pleased to announce Amelia E. Clark, DrPH, as its new chief executive officer and president. Dr. Clark will begin on July 6, succeeding Bryan Ayars, who will retire in mid-July
Anyone can fake a scientific image with AI, tricking even academic journals – and undermining trust in science
Several scientific fields rely on visual evidence to illustrate their claims. Inaccurate AI-generated images put the credibility of science at risk.
'Criminal Minds' star Paget Brewster apologizes for slamming journalist
"Criminal Minds" star Paget Brewster has apologized after facing widespread criticism for lashing out at a journalist for their coverage of the show.
Inspired by Eastern Iowa, Dave Rasdal pens novel ‘Clayville’
Former Cedar Rapids Gazette "Ramblin'" columnist Dave Rasdal, 73, discusses his new novel "Clayville," which was inspired by his 30-plus-year journalism career and the small towns around Eastern Iowa.
Business Starts for June 22, 2026
In April, 1,513 new businesses filed incorporation paperwork with the Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, in order to do business in the state.
Here are the Poughkeepsie Journal Baseball All-Stars
The Poughkeepsie Journal releases its' Baseball All-Stars from this past season
First Business Bank Funds $1MM Factoring Facility for Transportation Company Growth
First Business Bank’s accounts receivable financing team recently closed a $1 million factoring facility to support the continued growth of a transportation
Q+A: BizFed Brings in Waldman
The Los Angeles County Business Federation – commonly referred to in shorthand as BizFed – named longtime business advocate Stuart Waldman as its next
Fernando Mendoza embraces business of being a franchise quarterback
As the face of college football last season – with a Heisman Trophy and national championship and Indiana to show for it – turned face of the Raiders plus U.S. Bank, the No. 1 pick is i...
Early Hamilton County business focused on agriculture, survival
When the Frigidaire plant closed its operation in Webster City in 2011, it was feared this was the demise of the county seat of Hamilton County. But the early years of prosperity were not built on an operation like Frigidaire. The earliest advertisers in the Daily Freeman Journal in 1857 were land agents, mercantile stores […]
With the opening of the Obama Presidential Center, NPR's Don Gonyea looks back on covering the former president
The opening of the Obama Presidential Center in Chicago is a full circle moment for at least one the journalists who covered his political rise.
Jodi's Journal: A mayoral reality checklist
As Sioux Falls prepares to elect a new mayor, Jodi draws from experience in this week's column: a list of reality checks.
NASCAR using its imagination with street races
Due to the success of Chicago and now the Naval Base Coronado street races, NASCAR is on a mission to find more locations that could shock the world.
Sports Journalists Jettison Their Affection for Silent Protest
When Kaepernick kneeled, he was a hero. When a few Giants players quote the Bible, that’s another story.
Forum: One person’s journey in sports business
I spend a lot of time speaking to young people looking to get into the sports business, as well as people looking for a new opportunity mid-career.
Don’t wear these items to Barry Manilow’s Las Vegas show
An impressionist tried to wear a Barry Manilow wig and jacket to meet Barry Manilow. Bad idea.
Best Clint Eastwood Movies Ranked - and 1992 Western Takes Number 1 Spot
Clint Eastwood has made many memorable movies during his career, but one film stands out.
Western Pa. families declining vitamin K shots, other preventive care for newborns
A recent study in a prominent medical journal indicates that many more families are declining vitamin K shots, which prevent bleeding complications in newborns. The JAMA researchers reported that rates of refusing the preventive health measure went from 2.9% to 5.2% in eight years. A local expert says his health
MSU researcher, Partnership Middle School students collaborate on climate science literacy podcast
STARKVILLE —Mississippi State Assistant Professor Lourdes Cardozo-Gaibisso is immersing local middle school students in climate science literacy exploration through podcasting, helping them share experiences, ask questions and engage with environmental
Lynn Bartels, a former newspaper reporter who covered Colorado politics for decades, dies at 69
A journalist who covered Colorado politics for decades has died. Lynn Bartels reported for the Rocky Mountain News and the Denver Post, and she often worked with CBS Colorado on election coverage.
Hall of fame entertainment writer, journalist Gene Triplett dies at 77
Gene Triplett, a celebrated Oklahoma journalist and retired entertainment editor for The Oklahoman, has died at age 77.
ABC30 sports director Stephen Hicks, reporter Gabe Ferris to depart
ABC30 is set to lose two of its on-air personalities this summer as sports director Stephen Hicks and reporter Gabe Ferris depart the Fresno station for new opportunities outside the Central Valley. Hicks announced Friday
Lynn Bartels, a venerable and tenacious reporter at the Denver Post and Rocky Mountain News, dies at 69
Lynn Bartels, a venerable Colorado journalist for more than two decades who possessed a massive Rolodex that seemed to perpetually spin with the names of the state’s biggest — and not so big — players in politics, died…
Breakthrough Science Meets Market Skepticism: Insight Molecular Diagnostics Inc. (IMDX)’s Defining Moment
Insight Molecular Diagnostics Inc. (NASDAQ:IMDX) is one of the high-growth micro-cap stocks to buy now. On June 11, Insight Molecular Diagnostics Inc. (NASDAQ:IMDX) announced the online publication in the American Journal of Transplantation of new data demonstrating the statistical superiority of its flagship GraftAssure transplant rejection monitoring assay. The study showed that the novel GraftAssure […]
Are Snap's $2,195 smart glasses the next big thing in tech?
NPR's Steve Inskeep speaks with tech journalist Joanna Stern about the release of new augmented reality glasses from Snap and the future of wearable technology.
Most Women Give Birth at Night—Scientists Reveal the Surprising Reason Why - Futura-Sciences
The Night Owl Mystery of Labor This isn’t just a feeling shared by midwives and obstetricians doing overnight shifts. Research, including studies published by University College London in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, confirms this trend: spontaneous births cluster significantly during the nighttime hours. Behind this pattern lies our...
VA to eliminate DEI and gender identity programs, according to memo
The VA is ordering health facilities to end DEI programs and gender identity initiatives to comply with new orders. What to know.
'There's No Ambiguity in Sony's Strategy': Trusted Journalist on PS5's Exclusivity Approach After Wishy-Washy CEO Statement
"There's no case by case here"
The Tricky Politics of Revenue
Our nation’s fiscal trajectory is unsustainable, in part due to the decline in revenue collection stemming from a series of tax cuts. Often enacted with bipartisan support, these tax cuts have severely damaged the linkage between economic growth and revenue flows to the U.S. Treasury. The result: Ev
Early-career scientists build national infrastructure to bridge science and policy
A new Special Report in the journal BioScience introduces the Scientist Network for Advancing Policy (SNAP), a student-led, nonpartisan, grassroots coalition founded in 2025 to empower early-career researchers ...
New Kentucky athletics director J Batt's focus on dollars make sense
Kentucky's J Batt hire reflects a trend in college sports where athletics directors function like CEOs and wins are measured by financial success.
Loss of another Seattle-area billionaire? Valve’s Gabe Newell is reported buyer of Florida estate
The Wall Street Journal reported this week that the video game developer is the buyer of a waterfront estate north of Miami.
Exclusive | Apple Price Increases ‘Unavoidable,’ Tim Cook Says in WSJ Exclusive
The CEO tells the Journal that Apple plans to raise prices on its products to offset the surging costs of both memory and storage.
IT Experts: Brandy Semore, Pinnacle Business Systems
Brandy Semore serves as Vice President of Professional Services at Pinnacle Business Systems, where she leads engineering and project management teams delivering technology solutions across multiple industries.
Kentucky fans can enjoy games at new Walk-On's, KSR sports bar site
Walk-On's Sports Bistreaux, is set to open in Lexington in a partnership with Kentucky Sports Radio as a place for fans to watch UK Wildcats games.
Grains Rally Led by Soybeans as Export Business Confirmed: Is it China and Will it Spur Fund Buying?
Wednesday morning USDA reported a flash sale of 13.2 million bushels of soybeans to unknown destinations and Randy Martinson with Martinson Ag says the market is betting that its China.
Business Record recognized nationally for journalism and design excellence
On behalf of Business Publications Corp., I am proud to share that the Business Record received national recognition in two categories at the 2026 Alliance of Area Business Publishers Editorial Excellence Awards. While awards are never the goal, recognition from industry peers is always meaningful. These honors place the Business Record alongside some of the…
RFK Jr. pans processed food during visit to Charlotte's Country Mill
Secretary of Health and Human Services visited mid-Michigan on Tuesday, June 16, to tout Trump administration policies that require more fresh foods to be offered through food subsidy programs.
Merchants of Doubt and the attacks on Extreme Event Attribution science
Last week, I attended a meeting at Columbia University on attribution science and climate law, hosted by the Sabin Center. It was a fantastic event, bringing together scientists and legal experts working at the intersection of extreme event attribution and climate law. Subscribe For those unfamiliar with it, extreme event attribution attempts to quantify the contribution of climate change to an extreme event. For example, several groups analyzed the impact of climate change on Hurricane Harvey’s enormous rainfall totals over Houston, Texas and they found that climate change increased rainfall by 15 to 38%. One thing that came up again and again was how terrified fossil-fuel interests are of extreme event attribution science. They are acutely aware that this research could land them in court. And losing those cases would leave them legally liable for billions of dollars in climate damages. Because the legal stakes are so high, the blowback has turned ugly. I spoke with several scientists at the meeting who are facing ongoing harassment over their work. This blowback is a coordinated campaign to make the entire field look suspect. The goal is to create the impression that attribution science is too uncertain, too political, or too conflicted to be useful in court or in public policy. The strategy is not based on actual science or evidence of misconduct, but on the generation of doubt. The new Merchants of Doubt We’ve seen this before. In fact, not that long ago: We only have to go back a year to the Department of Energy (DOE) Climate Working Group (CWG) report to see an example of using doubt as the tool to push back against well-established science. This strategy is laid out in an email from a member of the CWG, Dr. Roy Spencer, that was released during litigation over the Climate Working Group process. The key quote is: About all I can hope is that what we write will provide sufficient “reasonable scientific doubt” regarding the science claims in the 2009 TSD [technical support document], based upon almost 2 decades of new science, to call into question the original reasoning for the EPA Administrator’s decision that CO2 presents a threat to human health and welfare. This statement is strong evidence that at least some members of the committee were working to support a particular policy outcome: revoking the Endangerment Finding. The email also explains how they planned to do it: by attempting to generate “reasonable doubt”. This is going to be hard, Spencer implies. Despite falsely claiming that “2 decades of new science” weakens the case, Spencer explicitly acknowledges that the actual peer-reviewed science of climate change overwhelmingly rejects his position: But if the science argument is decided upon by a vote, or by the number of published citations, we lose the science argument. We can go back even further: This CWG email shares unmistakable DNA with the infamous 1969 tobacco memo that declared: “Doubt is our product, since it is the best means of competing with the ‘body of fact’ that exists in the mind of the general public. It is also the means of establishing a controversy.” The tobacco memo also acknowledges the limit of this strategy: Like the CWG, they knew the science was not on their side. Share The new new Merchants of Doubt The people attacking the IPCC chapter on extreme event attribution are the newest iteration of the Merchants of Doubt. Their goal, like all Merchants before them, is to introduce doubt into the process. Because the report is not even out yet, they cannot attack its conclusions. So they are attacking the authors instead. Here is a press release from the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee: In the letter, the Chairmen express concerns about potential conflicts of interest involving members of the Attribution Committee, stating that “publicly available information suggests a troubling pattern” in which committee members are affiliated with nonprofits that support climate accountability lawsuits, “raising the appearance of impropriety and member bias.” To be clear, this is just innuendo. There is no actual evidence of bias. And given the robust process that these reports go through, including multiple lines of peer review, it seems very unlikely that significant bias can survive into the report. When the report comes out, critics will have the opportunity to make legitimate criticisms of the report — if any exist. If none do, however, they’ll still make criticisms, but they’ll be bogus, simply designed to generate doubt. We’ll see. A note to the press: Fix your frame To any journalists reading this: The public debate over extreme event attribution science is not going away. The science is simply too dangerous to fossil-fuel interests for them to stop fighting it. You very well might be assigned to write an article about this area of research in the future. When you do, do not automatically adopt the framing that climate misinformers want you to use. They want you to frame the story around questions like: Are climate scientists trying to put their thumb on the scale to achieve a predetermined, politically motivated result? Are climate scientists improperly letting their politics invade the science of the IPCC? That frame is a trap. Instead, you need to view this through the historical lens of the Merchants of Doubt. How does the ecosystem of doubt operate? Who funds it? What methods do they use to misrepresent science and slime researchers? What scientific results are they trying to keep people from understanding are legitimate? Ultimately, you instead need to focus your article on the generation of doubt as a way to maintain the fossil fuel industry’s social and legal license to keep burning oil, gas, and coal. If you treat the misinformers’ frame as a legitimate, good-faith scientific critique, you are helping them produce doubt. Don’t do it. Don’t be a Merchant of Doubt. Thanks for reading The Climate Brink! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support our work. Subscribe other stuff The Staying Curious Substack has an interesting post about the different flavors of climate sensitivity. This is crucial information if you want to understand how scientists think about how much warming the Earth will experience. I’d be grateful if you could hit the like button ❤️ below! It helps more people discover these ideas and lets me know what’s connecting with readers.
CalMatters journalism honored as 'impeccable,' 'beautifully-written' and 'the definition of public service' in Golden State Journalism Awards
CalMatters won five of this year’s Golden State Journalism Awards, for public health reporting, criminal justice reporting, education reporting, courage in journalism and impact in journalism.
From the Knicks’ Victory to World Cup Matches and Foresters Baseball, Veteran Sports Journalist is Still a Huge Fan
Finding a lot of places to share the love of sports right here in Santa Barbara.
Fowler Packing's Kiah Ruvalcaba recognized among produce industry leaders
Three professionals with deep Central Valley roots have been named to Produce Business magazine's 2026 "40 Under Forty" list, which recognizes emerging leaders across the fresh produce industry — with Fresno-based Fowler Packing Company's
UNM Professor Champions Community Voices in Health Research
The special April 2026 themed issue of the Journal of Clinical and Translational Science explores a defining question in modern health research: “How do academic health centers build trust, break down barriers and advance research shaped by the...
Religion and Politics in the Negev: The Rise of Ra’am in Bedouin Society
Right: Chairman of the Ra'am Party, MK Mansour Abbas, left: Mosque in the settlement of Segev Shalom (Shakib a-Salam) in the Negev (Photos via: Wikimedia Commons and
The politics of love
The month of June plays a recurring role in my life, which is odd given that my birthday is in July.
RFK Jr under fire for ‘bullying’ letter to scientific journal
Health advocates criticized Kennedy’s move demanding answers from journal that removed ‘flawed’ vaccine study
RFK Jr. demands journal explain removal of vaccine study used to support his childhood immunization changes
Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is demanding answers from a science journal on why a study regarding vaccination and sudden infant death was removed from the publication. …
Amendment 59: Several Updates to the ROSES-25 Summary of Solicitation
Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES)-2025 is an ongoing "omnibus" or "umbrella" solicitation meaning that it includes many individual
How A Former Vox Producer Built One Of YouTube's Biggest Science Shows
Former Netflix and Vox journalist Cleo Abram left traditional media to build Huge If True on YouTube. Now at 2.2 Billion views, she's reshaping science journalism.
Unexpected Brewers success against star pitchers, like Blake Perkins
Blake Perkins has amazing numbers against Phillies star Christopher Sánchez in a small sample, and these other surprising Brewers also dominated aces.
Two Women, One Mission: Closing the Gap Between Cancer Science and Survival
A journalist-turned-advocate and a physician-scientist unite at the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy to accelerate cancer vaccines from lab discovery to lifesaving treatment.
Meet the Northwest Arkansas Business Journal's 2026 Women in Business honorees
The Northwest Arkansas Business Journal’s 12th annual Women in Business Awards highlights outstanding women who are driving commerce and the community in the Northwest Arkansas region. Nominated by readers and...
World Cup 2026: Empty seat at World Cup for imprisoned French sports journalist
A seat is being left empty in the press box at every France game at the World Cup to highlight the case of a French football writer who is in prison in Algeria.
Love And Deepspace Is A Game Development Primer In Disguise
If journalism doesn't work out for me, there's always 3D rigging
Rumour: Journalist Suggests Two Xbox Studios Are 'At Risk Of Being Closed' In 2026
One said to be a complete shock
AMS Science Preview: 30-Day Forecasts? Little Ice Age, wave-dampening hurricanes
The latest AMS journals research discusses the possibility of 30-day weather forecasts, whether the Little Ice Age was caused by depopulation of the Americas, the cooling effects of multi-year La Nina…
Business Associates Face Increased Regulatory Scrutiny as Vendor Breaches Soar
The healthcare industry has the highest rate of third-party data breaches out of any sector, according to the Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report In 2017, 13% of healthcare data breaches involved healthcare vendors. Fast forward to H1 2026, and that percentage has risen to 43%. With data breaches soaring, vendors are facing increased regulatory scrutiny, and new cybersecurity requirements are due for imminent release.
Til politics do us part
A decade after civil unions, Italy still doesn’t allow same-sex marriage — a sign of a political system unable to keep pace with its own society
Til politics do us apart
A decade after civil unions, Italy still doesn’t allow same-sex marriage — a sign of a political system unable to keep pace with its own society
The politics behind the White House's UFC event
NPR's Steve Inskeep speaks with investigative sports journalist Karim Zidan about the politics of the UFC fight night at the White House.
Q+A: Faraday Future Moves Beyond EVs
Faraday Future Intelligent Electric Inc. is sizing up for a key pivot. Initially a luxury electric vehicle company, the El Segundo-based manufacturer is
L.A. Sites Included in Major Deal
Editor's note: A version of this story was originally published in the Orange County Business Journal. In one of the largest light industrial deals of the
Devoted dads and citizen science: The evolution of parental care in harvestmen spiders is uncovered
Citizen science data from the popular platform iNaturalist has helped uncover the evolution of parental guarding behavior in harvestmen spiders, as shown in research published in the Zoological Journal ...
Chourio's home runs cap a nice stretch in his comeback
Jackson Chourio's home runs cap a nice stretch in his comeback since injuring his hand months ago.
Washington Journalists Offer Insight on 2026 Political Landscape
At the Federal Legislative and Political Forum Sunday, leading political observers talked about the elections, redistricting and the importance of year-round advocacy.
Devoted dads and citizen science: the evolution of parental care in harvestmen is uncovered
Citizen science data from popular platform iNaturalist has helped uncover the evolution of parental guarding behaviour in harvestmen, as shown in research published in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
‘A lot of work going on’: Boston firm working on big Las Vegas construction projects
A Boston construction firm is working on some big Las Vegas projects
Opinion: The politics of learned helplessness in New Mexico
Duke Rodriguez argues NM isn't a poor state — it's a poorly run one. The real obstacle? Believing things can never improve.
Bayern unlikely to pursue Marcus Rashford despite holding talks
Well-known transfer journalist Fabrizio Romano is reporting that Bayern Munich's focus is not centred around Marcus Rashford.Despite this, there were some calls from Bayern in the past 2 to 3 weeks to...
States launch investigation into ChatGPT's impact on young users
New York State Attorney General Letitia James served OpenAI a subpoena on Friday seeking a wide range of documents, The Wall Street Journal reported.
In Retrospect: Poland, Russia, Europe
In April I spent a few days with Zryw, a Polish non-profit organization that recruits young people to enter politics and public life. Their aim is to build a new generation of civic leaders in Poland. I’ve followed their evolution from the beginning; my son is one of the founders. (“Zryw” means “impulse” or “burst of speed” in Polish). Julie Chmielewska, one of Zryw’s leaders, interviewed me at the event. Here is the conversation, lightly edited for grammar and context: Julia Chmielewska: Assuming that culture shapes institutions, could we conclude that some cultures are more prone to authoritarianism? Anne Applebaum: I don’t think so. Every culture, every nation, and every country has the potential for change. When we look at history, we can see that nations do change. Poland has changed, for example, from the 1980s to today. There’s a completely different mentality here than the one I encountered when I first visited, in 1988. The current generation sees the world through a different frame. So no, I don’t believe that certain nations are doomed to authoritarianism, or to anything. Of course, there are political and cultural traditions, but they can always be challenged. JC: So do you think there’s something intrinsic in human nature that pushes people to democracy, freedom? AA: I think there is something in human nature, a deep instinct, that pushes people towards freedom, yes. People who live in authoritarian countries – and I’ve heard this from them over and over again – sooner or later find themselves angered by a feeling of helplessness. They can see the unfairness of crooked courts, irrational political decisions. They naturally dislike the fact that somebody has all the power while they have none. In those circumstances, people who have no political background at all sometimes are politicized just by that frustration. I’m thinking of Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, for example, who was a Belarusian housewife, until the circumstances of her husband’s arrest forced her to become a politician. I met a woman who is a Uyghur from China, and who had come to live in Turkey. After several of her family members were arrested, she too was propelled into a political role. These kinds of experiences make people interested in democracy or political reform, even if they thought they didn’t care. I also think that the opposite is true: some people instinctively prefer homogeneity, order, hierarchy. They don’t like the confrontation of opinions or the noise of debate, and they lean towards a single leader or a unified regime. I think that most of modern history is shaped by the clash between those two different sides of human nature. JC: Which force do you find more powerful today? AA: I think they both have a lot of power and there’s no way of predicting who wins. Even in countries that seem very shut off or stuck in an authoritarian system can change. We’ve seen that happen. And vice versa, I think democracies can also begin to fail and slide into authoritarianism. So it’s very important not to be complacent in either direction. JC: I want to go into your history and your experiences. You’ve lived in Russia during a time of incredible change in the late 80s, and then you came back to do research in post-Soviet Russia. AA: I was a student in Russia just before the collapse of the Soviet Union. I then traveled and worked there extensively in the 1990s, and I met people who really were full of hope. They hoped that Russia could become a democracy, or at least a place that guaranteed freedom of speech, freedom of the press. These weren’t ideas that came from Washington. Although now the narrative in the Kremlin is different, I met many people who were working towards exactly that kind of transformation. A friend of mine ran a series of seminars – once a year, and then later several times a year, in cities all over Russia – designed to get people to discuss politics in new ways. She invited young politicians and journalists, as well as foreigners. I went to many of them, in Moscow as well as Volgograd and Novosibirsk. Over two decades, hundreds of people came to these seminars, and all of them wanted Russia to be different. I remain convinced that many Russians still want Russia to be different. It’s just that the old system, in the form of Putin, a representative of that system, returned. The KGB reimposed their power. And this wasn’t because of something to do with culture, this was to do with money and politics, and who was in charge. JC: You’ve partially answered my question... I wanted to ask whether that excitement of the 1990s was an exception from the Russian historical norm which has been rather authoritarian? AA: Of course, if you look at the history of Russia since the 18th century, there have always been liberal groups, reformers and revolutionaries. There were the Decembrists, in the early 19th century, and the rural populists later on, who tried to organize the peasantry. A significant group of liberal Russians appeared at the turn of the 20th century, people like the father of the writer Vladimir Nabokov, who was a Russian politician before the revolution. These groups were small in number, but sometimes had a broader significance. The Russian dissident movement in the 1950s and 1960s actually invented the modern human rights movement. It was their idea to hold the leaders of the Soviet Union accountable for the language they used, to remind them of the treaties they had signed and the promised they had made. They created the Helsinki group, for example, that held Soviet leadership to the language of the Helsinki Treaty, which formally ended the Second World War and which contained guarantees of human rights, at least on paper. That idea spread to Eastern Europe, and similar tactics were used here in Poland. (Benjamin Nathans recently wrote a great book about the Soviet dissidents, To the Success of Our Hopeless Cause) JC: But seemingly, even if they do ever get power, they could never hold on to it. AA: We don’t know, because they have never really had power. But in any case, we also don’t know what will happen in the future. There is no reason to assume that Russia will forever be condemned to totalitarianism. Even during the first fifteen years of Putin’s regime there was some form of democratic politics. Only when the full-scale war began did he bring everything to an end: he shut down all remaining independent organizations and killed his most important opponent, Alexi Navalny. But does that mean he is popular, that he enjoys legitimacy? Even now, we don’t really know what Russians think about him, or about the war. There is no way of doing real polling in Russia because nobody will answer an independent pollster over the phone. JC: Do you think that the flock of young people, especially young men, who fled Russia after the start of the war represent a continuation of liberal movements that refuse to partake in the authoritarian state, or do you think they are moving for the sake of self-preservation – “I don’t want to go to the army, so I leave”? AA: I’m sure it’s both. I actually know many people who left Russia for political reasons either in the very last years before the war, or else just after the war began. JC: And do you see a change in the young generation versus the old one that have fled? AA: It’s hard for me to say because the people who I know were mostly already politicized. I do know some younger people who left, but most of them were already either active in the opposition, or working as journalists. Many of them very self-consciously think of themselves as maintaining Russian culture abroad, just as in the 20th century the Soviet dissidents or the anti-communist White Russians once thought of themselves as people who maintained the true Russian culture, outside of Bolshevik Russia. JC: Let’s move on to Poland. One of your first experiences with Poland was reporting on Margaret Thatcher’s first state visit, in the autumn of 1988. You followed her around the farmers’ market. AA: She was making a symbolic gesture. She wanted to welcome free markets, but the only one she could really visit was the farmers’ market at Hala Mirowska. JC: And I want to talk about this area because today you can look out of any window in that district, Mirów, and see rows and rows of skyscrapers. How does it feel to see a country built from the ground in such a short time, both politically and economically? AA: You know, when you’re living in a period of dramatic change, it’s always hard to know whether the change is positive or negative. The transformation in Poland created winners and losers, as well as new classes of people, new political movements of different kinds. At the time, it sometimes just felt like turbulence. Now, we can look back at the 1990s and early 2000s in Poland and see in retrospect that the country was headed in towards prosperity and European integration. In around 2009 or 2010, I remember speaking to a woman who worked cleaning government offices, and who asked me if her daughter should study in Amsterdam or in London. This seemed to me to be a real transformation, and it happened very fast: within a few years, Poles stopped feeling like second-class Europeans, and a generation of younger Poles appeared who had no qualms about crossing borders. JC: We again live in turbulent times. Do you think we’re heading towards positive outcomes? AA: I can’t make predictions, because everything that happens tomorrow depends on what people do today. Also, history doesn’t have a trajectory. It doesn’t move in a particular direction. You only think it does afterwards. As I said, you can look afterwards at Poland in the 1990s and you could say this was a period of great progress. But not everybody at the time saw that. Sometimes people are very wrong about a given country’s trajectory. I remember people writing about Ukraine in the 1990s, about how dangerous it was that Ukraine was independent, that this was going to be an anti-semitic state, that Ukrainian nationalism was going to come back... and although you can say many bad things about Ukraine, the country made many bad choices, actually it became a pretty tolerant state which now has a Jewish president and until recently a Muslim defense minister. JC: In the 1990s Poland’s and Ukraine’s GDP were roughly similar. Ukraine was even a bit richer. So the starting point was similar for both of these countries, but they’ve turned out very, very differently. Even if we stop in 2014. Why do you think Ukraine “chose East”? Was it external influence? AA: No, I think Ukraine was in a different position. First of all, central and eastern Ukraine had been part of the Soviet Union since the 1920s, and had therefore experienced a longer period of occupation, repression, Sovietization and even Russification. Ukraine did not have, as Poland did, an alternative elite: a large cadre of economists and politicians, who already had some experience in opposition politics and in independent thinking. In Poland, the transformative finance minister, Leszek Balcerowicz, had already thought about how an economy might be decentralized before he took office. We can argue about how successful he was, but at least he was prepared to try something new. In Ukraine, people weren’t prepared. For one, there hadn’t been much space even for an illegal opposition in the previous couple of decades. Ukraine was also in many ways still emerging from colonial occupation. For the previous couple of centuries, many of the most capable Ukrainians had moved to Russia, and the first generation of leaders in independent Ukraine tended to be former Soviet apparatchiks. They didn’t immediately seek to become closer to western Europe. Instead, they looked for some kind of economic and political “third way” and an accomodation with Russia. Ukraine became stuck in this position, half-in, half-out and became pretty profoundly corrupt. JC: The Polish alternative elite had a vision of where they wanted the country to go. I think the general perception now is that this vision ends with the next election, right? Is this a natural process of gaining power? AA: Their vision, and it was shared by the time by politicians who now call themselves both left and right, was that Poland should join the EU and NATO, as fast as possible. My husband (Radek Sikorski) was in the very first government that said it wanted to join NATO. At the time this was taken very badly in Washington: the demand for NATO membership absolutely came from Poland, not from the US. But even then, in the early 1990s, many Poles already understood that the Russian sphere of influence would grow once again, that it was important to become part of the transatlantic alliance and an integrated Europe as fast as possible: NATO, the EU, the Council of Europe, all of the trading and security alliances. That consensus lasted through several different governments and over many years, even governments containing former communists. For twenty years, right, left and center disagreed about many things, but they all agreed on the direction that the country should go. In retrospect, that consensus created the basis for prosperity in Poland. JC: And regarding the Polish-Ukrainian relations. We know that antagonisms, e.g. the myth of Wołyń [a massacre of Poles that took place in what is now Western Ukraine, in 1943] are increasingly used in Polish political discourse today. In Ukraine, nationalist historians make heroes out of UPA, the Ukrainian revolutionary army, which is held responsible for this tragedy. Where do you see a start for burying the hatchet? Is the reconciliation of our nations possible? AA: So here’s a strange thing: For more than a decade after they both gained independence, Poland and Ukraine participated in a number of projects that were designed to solve exactly these kinds of Polish-Ukrainian differences. Books were published that were jointly written by Polish and Ukrainian historians, monuments were built. These projects were successful: If you’d asked me this question in 2010, I would have said that there are no real historical issues between Poland and Ukraine, that the two countries had mostly reconciled. For a number of reasons, this began to shift. In Poland, children and grandchildren of victims of the Wołyń massacre felt their tragedy hadn’t been fully recognized. In Ukraine, nationalist groups wanted the UPA partisans who had fought against the Soviet Union recognized for their heroism, despite the fact that some in this broad and not well-defined group were also linked to Wołyń. In both eastern Poland and western Ukraine, the memory of the ethnic cleansing that took place there in the late 1940s - Poles were moved West, Ukrainians East - to accomodate new borders has left feelings of displacement and bitterness. The wave of Ukrainian immigration, which started before the war, may have provoked some of this. But don’t underestimate the role played by Russia, which has always wanted to create discord between Poland and Ukraine, and pumps out propaganda to that effect in both countries. Vandalism on both sides of the border, damage done to cemeteries and monuments, is sometimes carried out by provacateurs working for Russia, just to create bad feelings. The Polish-Ukrainian conflict also hides a different reality: although there are real grievances and bad memories, the truth is that the biggest tragedies both nations experienced in the twentieth century were inflicted by the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. That should unite these two countries, not divide them. JC: This week (19.04.2026 – Ed.) in Hungary we saw that using historical narratives to create grievance has no longer worked. Are you optimistic about the direction after Orban’s loss? AA: The Hungarian election was really important because it shows that people can actually resist powerful, dominant propaganda. The ruling party Fidesz controlled all of the TV, 90% of the newspapers, the constitutional court, the bureaucracy... and yet people had the nerve to vote against it and resist it. It’s also an important election because Hungary created a huge network of well-funded think tanks and foundations that were funding other far right groups and projects. So that loss is going to have a knock-on effect in other places too, maybe even in Poland. JC: What you’ve said about resisting propaganda reminds me of one of the interviews you did about talking to Russians in the post-Soviet era who claimed that people knew that the system was lying. Why do people choose to believe in these regimes anyway? AA: Because it’s useful. Stephen Kotkin, an American historian, once described how people would learn how to “speak Bolshevik”: It was just a language that you needed to use in order to get by in society. If you didn’t talk the way the regime wanted you to talk, then you might have problems, or lose your job, or your kids would not get into university. It was a way of getting along. Communist Poland was similar, at least in the early years. When I was writing a book about the Sovietization of Eastern Europe after World War II, I met a lot of people who wanted to talk a lot about the war, when many of them had done really heroic things. But almost nobody wanted to talk about the decade afterwards, between 1945 and 1956. This was when you had the short period of terror, violence and Polish Stalinism. To stay safe, people felt the need to just go along with what others were saying, or stay out of politics, or use communist jargon without necessarily believing it. I don’t judge them for it, and I wouldn’t describe all of those people as collaborators. It’s easy to feel moral certainty in retrospect, because we know that communism ended. But if you were living in 1949, it might not have been clear to you that communism was going to end. In very repressive societies, maybe about 10% of people who are really evil – collaborators, torturers. Maybe 10% of people are really brave and who find ways to resist. And then around 80% of people have kids, they have parents, they have to have jobs and they’ve had to get through it somehow. Strange though it may sound, I’ve found that the work I did on that book is now very useful in explaining some of what’s going on in the United States today. There are plenty of members of the Republican Party in Congress who know perfectly well that Donald Trump says many things that aren’t true. But they avoid criticizing him because it’s inconvenient, because they would get in trouble, because someone would attack them on the internet. So actually you don’t even need mass terror to get people to conform. JC: Is Gen Z reinventing agency? AA: We’ll see. In any generation you can find groups of people who want agency. If you live in a society that’s unfair, for example where a tiny number of people have captured most of the wealth, then at a certain point people rebel. This is always easier for younger people, who have you have less to lose. The question now is how the internet will affect the relationships between citizens and the state, and how it will change organizations. The “Twitter revolutions” people spoke about as early as 2008-9, mass protests organized online, have often proved to be very superficial. Although you can easily join something just by clicking, the work of creating a real movement requires physical participation. Successful mass movements of the past, for example the Civil Rights movement in the United States, were built by people who had spent many years together. They had participated in non-violent workshops together. They practiced and prepared. Just using the you can get everybody to show up at a certain moment, but then when the protest is broken up, nothing happens. It’s also true that the repressive regimes have more recently learned how to use the internet to undermine leaders and movements. Most of all, they now understand how to make people cynical. The form of propaganda that most modern authoritarians use - and I think the Russians really pioneered this - deploys sneering cynicism. Instead of praising the rulers, the regime propagandists mock the opposition movement leadership for being supposedly corrupt or sexually degenerate, with the goal of undermining any kind of idealism. JC: MAGA grew on the internet? AA: MAGA is a real grassroots movement. They had symbols, red hats, they showed up at rallies. But you’re right that the cynicism, the sarcasm and the distrust that the movement embodies came originally from the internet, and this is different. Fifty years ago, most European political parties had a social base in real organizations, in trade unions for Social Democrats, in church groups for Christian Democrats. As people stopped going to church and as the trade unions became smaller, the social base of these parties disappeared. Now people who wouldn’t have known one another in the past meet on the internet and create new movements, many of which don’t last. JC: Is history ending? Going in stale circles? AA: History never ends. In truth, human beings want contradictory things at the same time: order and freedom, stability and change. These things are never resolved, and when a society swings too far in one direction, people always push it the other way. But each time that happens, the result is different. Certainly it is true that we are now in a period when old philosophers and ideas from the 1930s are undergoing a revival. Carl Schmitt, who was a philosopher who was very influential on the Nazis, is back as an influence on both the far left and the far right, once again inspiring people to think that all politics has to be existential, that all politics is about defining and defeating enemies. In the US, some are also bringing back dominionism, the idea that we need a Christian and not a secular state. It’s also true that we are living through a more fundamental shift. The old left-right divide, which was mostly about the size of the state, is much less important now. Instead, we are arguing about more fundamental things: what are our rights, what protects our freedom. Or how much power do we want to give small elites, versus how much power to give ordinary people. In America a small group of very wealthy people now control information, because they control the social media platforms and AI, which means they determine what people will read and learn. Finding a way to preserve preserve zones of autonomy and independent thinking, this is going to be the main task for the next generation. JC: What is the one book that a person interested in Central Europe should read? AA: You could read my book “Iron Curtain: the Crushing of Eastern Europe” which tells the story of how the Soviet Union imposed its culture on the region. Or read Tim Snyder’s history of the region, “The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus 1569-1999.” And everyone should read “The Captive Mind” by Czesław Miłosz, which describes exactly the phenomenon we were talking about: why do people collaborate? I joined Scott Galloway and the brilliant Fiona Hill in a discussion about the wars in Ukraine and Iran, the future of global power, and what these conflicts reveal about America's role in the world. Scott told us that this was the 400th edition of his podcast, which is quite a number: My friend Francesco Chiamulera runs a brilliant series of literary events, Una Colline di Libri, A Hill of Books, in the Prosecco Hills, a region of vineyards and elegant hill towns in the Veneto, north of Venice. We did an event in Vittorio Veneto and also drove and biked around the countryside. Buy Autocracy Inc Buy Iron Curtain Open Letters, from Anne Applebaum is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Subscribe
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