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Good science requires much more than evidence

Empiricists believe that scientific theories are true only if they make correct empirical predictions: if we can't verify these predictions, then there is no reason to expect that they tell us anything about reality. However, Professor of Philosophy at King's College David Kyle Johnson argues that this is mistaken. In response to Bas van Fraassen, who has written on this subject for the IAI, he argues that we have many reasons for believing a theory to be true, such as it being parsimonious and having large scope — qualities which have been used throughout the history of science as criteria for judging theories. In 2024, Princeton philosopher Bas van Fraassen wrote a short article for IAI News entitled “Science Does not Describe Reality: The Limits and Benefits of Explanation.” At the time, I was working on two projects (a science book and a Great Course) that, when completed, would (among other things) defend science’s ability to describe reality. I wanted to write a response to van Fraassen, but the projects demanded too much of my attention. But now that those projects are complete, I am in a position to explain the objections to van Fraassen’s thesis. Summarizing van Fraassen’s argumentIn a nutshell, his argument is this: What scientists do is make predictions based on theories and then invite others to test to see whether those predictions are borne out. “If theory T is right, result R should happen in experimental condition C.” Many think that running an experiment that shows that R happens in condition C is proof that theory T is true (and should be believed). But, van Fraassen argues, that R happened in condition C is only a reason to think that R happens in condition C. That’s the only observable, or empirical, result we can actually see, so that is all that we are really justified in believing. (The underlying theory that made that prediction still may or may not be true.) That is why he calls those who accept his position “empiricists.”Before I explain what is wrong with this position, let me explain what it gets right. What van Fraassen Gets RightFirst, a theory correctly predicting the results of an experiment is not, strictly speaking, “proof” that the theory is correct. The basic line of reasoning is this:If the theory T is true, result R should happen. Result R did happen. Thus, theory T is true.In other words:“If T then R. R. Thus, T.”This is a deductively invalid, fallacious mode of reasoning, called “affirming the consequent.” Those premises do not guarantee that the conclusion follows. “If I am in Pennsylvania, then I am in the USA. I am in the USA. Thus, I am in Pennsylvania.” Clearly that argument doesn’t guarantee its conclusion; neither does the above argument.However, science is not a deductive method of reasoning; it is an inductive one. And inductive arguments merely try to raise the probability of their conclusion, not “prove” them for certain. Thus, the fact that an experimental result doesn’t prove a theory is true is irrelevant; it’s not supposed to. That is not what scientific reasoning is about.___If the hypothesis that something exists clearly provides the best explanation for what we can observe, then the belief that it exists is what is rational.___Second, it’s also true that a single experimental result doesn’t provide enough justification to believe that a theory is true. Scientists do not come to a consensus about whether a theory is true by looking at a single experiment; they look at all the evidence to determine where the preponderance of evidence points. The mere fact that I am in the USA raises the probability that I am in Pennsylvania, but not nearly enough to conclude that I am in Pennsylvania. However, if I am also regularly encountering people wearing Eagles and Phillies hats and seeing advertisements for Founding Father tours, I probably am. In the same way, a theory successfully predicting the outcome of one experiment is not enough to conclude that it is true; but if a theory makes a wide variety of predictions that are all vindicated by multiple experiments, performed by many different groups and people, all actively trying to prove the theory false (which is what good scientific experiments are designed to do)—that is a good reason to conclude that the theory is true. In other words, if you repeatedly try to prove something false but can’t, that is a very good indication that it isn’t. The problem of underdeterminationIn reply, those whom van Fraassen calls “empiricists” often point to the “problem of underdetermination.” For any given theory that makes successful predictions about what happens in experimental conditions, there are countless other possible theories that make exactly the same predictions—and since they do, the experimental evidence in question is just as much reason to accept any of those theories as it is to accept our original one. Thus, the argument goes, we have no way of knowing whether our original theory is true, or one of the other “predictively equivalent” theories is true. SUGGESTED VIEWING How Occam's Razor changed the world With Johnjoe McFadden As an example of underdetermination, philosophers often offer this example. The evidence of fossils seems to provide reason to conclude that the universe is quite old; ancient fossils are what the “ancient universe” hypothesis predicts. But it’s also possible that God created an ancient-looking universe 200 years ago, complete with a “fake” fossil record for us to find, to make it look old. The existence of fossils is what that theory predicts too. So, the argument goes, the fossil record can’t be used as evidence that the universe is ancient; the fossil record supports the “200-year-old ancient-looking universe” theory just as much. The problem of underdetermination points out that, for any theory with supporting evidence, we could invent another completely different theory that predicts exactly the same evidence, and thus undermine that evidence’s ability to support the original theory.But this “argument from underdetermination” betrays a fundamental misunderstanding of what scientific reasoning is and how it works. To explain, let me use another rather strange (but very real and commonly discussed) philosophical thought experiment called “The Grue Problem.” The “Grue” ProblemSuppose I want to know what color emeralds are, so I observe a few, see that they all appear green, and form the theory that “all emeralds are green.” I thus predict that the next 100 emeralds I find will also appear to be green. And let’s say that happens, and so I thus conclude that my theory that all emeralds are green is true. Now, one might rightly point out that I don’t know for sure that all emeralds are green—I have not seen them all. Maybe some I haven’t found yet are blue. Fair enough. After all, we used to think that all swans were white, until we found some black ones. But let’s say that I go on a quest and collect every emerald in the universe—and, for the sake of the argument, let’s say I can do this, and can even know that I have every one of them. So, I collect them all, look at them all, and verify that they all appear green. Can’t I now rightly conclude that all emeralds are green?Inspired by the problem of underdetermination, a friend might argue that I cannot.Sure, they all appear green now—but there could be another kind of color called “grue.” Something is grue if it is green up to a certain point in time, but then spontaneously turns blue. And there could be an infinite number of “shades” of grue. Something that is one shade of grue will turn blue at noon today, but something that is another shade of grue will turn blue at noon tomorrow, etc. So yes, the emeralds appear green now; and since they haven’t turned blue yet, they are not some “past” shade of grue. But they might be some “future” shade of grue (e.g., they may turn blue at noon tomorrow). And since all future shades of grue are consistent with “being green up to this point in time,” the evidence you have is completely consistent with the notion that all emeralds are some future shade of grue, rather than green. Indeed, that they would appear green until now is what the “some future shade of grue” hypothesis predicts. So, we have just as much reason to conclude that all emeralds are some shade of grue as we do to conclude that they are green.You’re probably thinking “It’s not equally possible that the emeralds are grue; they are obviously green.” You are right! But explaining why your instinctive reaction to my friend’s argument is correct will help inform why van Fraassen’s “empiricist” is wrong and science actually does describe reality.The main mistake my friend makes is in thinking that the “empirical evidence” (of all the emeralds appearing green) is (or even should be) all I am using to draw the conclusion that all emeralds are green. It is not. I am also considering known facts about how colors typically work; things don’t usually change color, and when they do, they don’t do so suddenly, without cause, and all at once. So, even though the simple evidence of the emeralds all appearing green up to this point is consistent with them being some future shade of grue—that is even what the grue hypothesis “predicts”—it is still exceedingly unlikely that they are. The hypothesis that they are green is much more likely. Understanding science refutes the problem of underdetermination The misunderstanding about science that the “empiricist” pointing to “the problem of underdetermination” makes is similar to the one that my friend made. Science is not just about considering experimental evidence; in fact, it’s not even just about considering empirical evidence. As Ernan McMullin and many other philosophers of science have pointed out, the inference that makes science is “inference to the best explanation” (sometimes called “abduction” or “retroduction” by McMullin). While, depending on the circumstances, scientists use many different kinds of reasoning, science as a whole is, simply put, the process of considering multiple competing explanations and comparing them to certain criteria—explanatory criteria (the kinds of things explanations must be and do, by definition, to be a good explanation)—to see which explanation is the best.And these criteria do not deal only with empirical results. Yes, successful predictions raise the probability of a hypothesis, but it’s also the case that the more new assumptions a theory makes, the less likely it is to be true; every new assumption presents an opportunity for the theory to be false. (The fewer assumptions a theory makes, the simpler or “more parsimonious” it is said to be.) Likewise, the more existing evidence a theory contradicts, the less likely it is, because in order for a theory to be true, every piece of evidence it contradicts has to be somehow faulty. (The fewer established theories a new theory contradicts, the more “conservative” it is said to be.) And, obviously, the more something explains, the better explanation it is. (This is called having “scope.”) If a theory raises unanswerable questions, it’s not expanding our understanding, and thus is not wide-scoping. Scientists consider all these things when deciding which theory to accept, because the theory that adheres best to these explanatory criteria is most likely to be true.___the mere fact that a theory’s predictive success is why it “sticks around” or “becomes accepted” in the scientific community is not a reason to be skeptical about its truth.___The reason the grue hypothesis is no good is because it invents an entirely new kind of color—not just a new shade, but an entirely different category of color (a different way colors work)—and thus is not parsimonious. It raises unanswerable questions about how and why emeralds would just spontaneously change from green to blue (and thus does not have wide scope). And it contradicts what is already well established about how color works (and thus is unconservative).The theories that the problem of underdetermination points to do the same thing. Yes, the theory that God created an “ancient-looking universe” (complete with an ancient-looking fossil record) two hundred years ago is also consistent with the empirical evidence (of a fossil record) that presently exists; but that theory is monumentally unparsimonious (it requires many extra assumptions about infinite entities) and not wide-scoping (it raises unanswerable questions about why God would do such a thing). So, I can rationally conclude that it is false.Indeed, the history of science includes many examples of theories that were rejected because they lacked parsimony and/or scope, even before their falsity (and the truth of their competing theory) was confirmed by observation. As I point out in my book, geocentrism was rejected by the scientific community because it lacked parsimony, almost 200 years before the observation of parallax confirmed that the Earth moves around the sun. And the continuum theory of matter was completely rejected by 1860, because it couldn’t explain chemical reactions or organize matter into a periodic table, even though the experiments that eventually confirmed atomic theory weren’t even proposed until the 1870s. Solving the best of a bad lot problemIn response, the “empiricists” are likely to object, this time pointing to the “best of a bad lot” problem. “We have no reason to conclude that an explanation that has been shown to be better than others is true because we have no guarantee that the true theory was among those that we were considering.” If you have a “lot” (a collection) of poor explanations, even the best one is not true.The responses to this problem, however, are numerous. Peter Lipton argues that the set of hypotheses that scientists consider are not just randomly selected and thus unlikely to contain a theory that is true; they use existing knowledge to home in on what is most likely to be true. A doctor trying to explain abdominal pain is not going to bother wondering whether demons are causing it; they are going to stick with things like appendicitis and kidney stones, because they are most likely. Further, despite its name, inference to the best explanation is not just the process of comparing hypotheses and accepting the best one; we also want one that is a good explanation in its own right. If it’s not, we are going to keep looking until we find an explanation that is. And while that process does not guarantee that we will come across the exact truth, it’s very likely that the theory that emerges as the best will be at least approximately true, and thus we will be justified in believing it. And lastly, as I point out in my book, although many theories not based in scientific evidence (like geocentrism and continuum theory) have been completely overturned, science almost always progresses by the refinement of scientifically established theories—not their replacement. (Although our sun is not the center of the universe, heliocentrism was our first step in understanding the Earth’s true place in the universe.) So even if a theory we accept today may not be completely right, accepting it is a step on the journey toward the complete truth. The example of atomic theoryNow, it’s worth pointing out that most empiricists are not skeptical of all scientific theories; they are only skeptical of the ones that hypothesize the existence of “unobservables.” It’s not like they think that round Earth, heliocentrism, and germ theory are just useful (but untrue) “instruments” for making predictions about how to most efficiently navigate the seas, predict planetary motion, and treat diseases. They admit that the Earth actually is round, that the planets revolve around the sun, and that germs exist and cause disease. These facts and entities can be observed; the theories that suggest they exist are true. It’s only when theories start hypothesizing the existence of unobservables—like electrons, or quantum fields—that can’t be observed directly, that we should start doubting the theories’ truth. And to be fair to van Fraassen, in this published work, he doesn’t really say that we should doubt the truth of such theories. Only that scientific reasoning does not rationally force us to accept them as true. Skepticism, or agnosticism, he argues, is warranted. SUGGESTED READING Science is based in metaphor By Andrew Reynolds But the history of atomic theory throws a monkey wrench into that argument. Atoms used to be unobservable; again, scientists first accepted the theory that they exist because it had such grandiose explanatory power. But then atoms were seen with electron microscopes. They thus moved into the category of the observable. But this didn’t substantially change anything about what scientists were justified in believing; it certainly didn’t change any “atomic skeptics’” minds. It just confirmed what everyone already knew! If the hypothesis that something exists clearly provides the best explanation for what we can observe, then the belief that it exists is what is rational. The fact that the thing itself is not technically observable does not make doubting its existence rational.What’s more, the atoms were seen with an electron microscope. But electrons are themselves unobservable. How can an electron microscope reveal an atom if electrons are not real? This leads us to what is famously known as Hilary Putnam’s “miracle argument.” It’s (not) a miraclePhilosopher Hilary Putnam’s miracle argument is somewhat famous. Basically, he argued that a scientific theory being able to repeatedly make successful predictions—even about unobservables—without being at least approximately true would require a “miracle.” In other words, it would be such an improbable occurrence that it could not rationally be believed—the better explanation for why scientific theories about unobservables make the right predictions is because the unobservable entities and structures they hypothesize exist.Van Fraassen has addressed this argument. Indeed, in his original article, where he references Alison Gopnik’s point about orgasms not being “necessary for procreation” even though the desire for orgasm “drives the creation of progeny,” he is pointing to his own argument about how organisms are not naturally selected by evolution to get true beliefs; to the extent that belief-forming processes are selected for, the ones that are selected are the ones that are useful for survival—not the ones that produce true beliefs. In the same way, van Fraassen argues, scientific theories are accepted, not because they are true, but because they aren’t falsified; they make successful predictions; that’s what makes them “stick around.” So, the fact that they make successful predictions (and thus became accepted) is not a reason to think they are true.This argument is similar to C. S. Lewis’s “argument from reason,” which he used to argue against evolution: “The truth of evolution undercuts our ability to know that it is true.” Lewis’ argument famously failed; Elizabeth Anscombe, by Lewis’s own admission, demolished Lewis in a debate on the topic, and I have explained elsewhere why modified versions of the argument fail as well. In short, it’s because it fails to recognize that a belief-forming process can make an organism more likely to survive because it reliably produces true beliefs. It is therefore not the case that beliefs generated by naturally selected belief-forming processes are automatically false or unjustified.In the same way, the reason a theory “sticks around” could be because it’s not falsified, because it “makes correct predictions.” But the reason it makes correct predictions is most likely because it is true. (In pointing this out, I am echoing the arguments of Musgrave, Lipton, Psillos, and Kitcher, who refuted van Fraassen’s argument and analogy long before his 2024 article.) It would be a huge coincidence that it could do so without being true. And that is the point of Putnam’s miracle argument. Thus, contrary to van Fraassen’s suggestion, the mere fact that a theory’s predictive success is why it “sticks around” or “becomes accepted” in the scientific community is not a reason to be skeptical about its truth. ConclusionLet me close by saying something about the fact that empiricists don’t doubt the truth of all scientific theories, just the ones that hypothesize unobservables. In today’s society, this theory is dangerous to espouse publicly. The nuance between being skeptical about all of science, and just the highly technical theories about unobservables, is guaranteed to be lost to the average reader. And there is so much unjustified skepticism and doubt about the findings of science and experts that a headline like “Science Does Not Describe Reality” could easily fuel the anti-science movement, worsen climate change denial and cause the next pandemic.This is why I believe it was important to still respond to van Fraassen’s article, a full two years after he wrote it. Not only, as I have argued, does it represent a philosophically inaccurate view of how scientific reasoning works and what scientific reasoning can do, but it is a dangerous view to boot. It should thus be rejected.

Oct 1 • 8:00 AM EDT • Science • iai.tv

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Oct 1 • 6:45 AM EDT • Business • telegraphherald.com

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Global Health & WASH: October 2026 Funding Opportunities (26 new opportunities)

41 opportunities on the Global Health & WASH page this cycle, 26 of them new. The health money on this page is mostly research money, and much of it is aimed at people early in their careers. Funder after funder, from the TANGO2 Research Foundation’s Research Pathways grants to the South African Medical Research Council’s Early Investigators Programme to the National Ataxia Foundation and Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, is funding early-career investigators and the institutions that host them, with a clear tilt toward researchers based in or from the Global South, from AMBSO in Uganda to Kenya’s CONNECT-VAX network to Ersilia’s AI Incubator for African drug discovery. The money is organized by disease as much as by need: narrow foundations, the Parkinson’s Foundation, NTAP for neurofibromatosis, the RUNX1 Research Program for an inherited blood disorder, each run their own grant, so the question for an applicant is less which health problem you work on than which foundation owns your disease. The largest European cheques go to consortia only, with the European Innovation Council putting up to EUR €4 million behind a single healthy-ageing project and UNITE up to EUR €1 million behind each cross-border digital health team. Water sits apart, almost entirely in applied utility research: the Water Research Foundation’s cluster of USD $250,000 to $500,000 projects, each built around a utility problem from sewer laterals to reuse treatment. And the biggest single pot is public: HRSA is renewing community health center service areas with awards of up to USD $10 million each. This post is for paid subscribers. This helps support the time and effort it takes to curate and organize these opportunities. Subscribe To keep this accessible to everyone who needs it, we’re happy to offer pay what you can rates. You can find more details here. Open Opportunities 2027 Building the Field of Health Advocacy Grant, Georgia Health Initiative. *New!* *Closing soon!* Georgia Health Initiative, a nonprofit private foundation focused on health equity, is opening its 2027 Building the Field of Health Advocacy Grant to strengthen the organizations that push for healthier systems across the state. The Initiative treats advocacy as infrastructure, backing one-year projects that range from urgent responses to shifting federal policy to longer arc campaigns on housing, behavioral health, care access, and food security. It wants coalitions that elevate community voice, apply an equity lens, and arrive ready to deploy concrete strategies, and it deliberately seeks variety in issues, communities, and organizational size. The optional webinar and required lobbying training signal a funder investing in a durable field, not one grant cycle. The strongest fits are Georgia nonprofits and public agencies ready to turn advocacy readiness into systems change. Geographies: United States. Who can apply: Tax-exempt 501(c)(3) public charities, state or local government agencies, or coalitions/collaboratives using a 501(c)(3) fiscal sponsor, that work in Georgia on behalf of Georgians and align with the mission, vision, and values of Georgia Health Initiative. Only one application per organization, though an organization may be listed as a partner or subcontractor on multiple applications. Funding amount: Organizations can apply for up to USD $80,000 per project; the Initiative anticipates investing a total of USD $1.36 million. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: Governance, Policy & Advocacy · SDG3; SDG10. Deadline: October 2, 2026. Learn more and apply here. TDD Research Pathways Grant, TANGO2 Research Foundation. *New!* *Closing soon!* The TANGO2 Research Foundation, working with a founding gift from Tango2UK, is opening its TDD Research Pathways Grant to fund early-career investigators anywhere in the world who study TANGO2 Deficiency Disorder. The foundation is using this money to seed pilot work and to build a research community around a rare disorder that few labs currently study. It wants to back emerging scientists, clinicians, and trainees who will stay with this field, not one-off projects, which is why it requires a committed mentor and real institutional support and asks each applicant for a plan for future contributions. The design rewards promise and persistence over track record. The strongest fits are students, residents, postdoctoral fellows, and new investigators ready to commit to TANGO2 research. Geographies: Global. Who can apply: Early-career investigators worldwide, including undergraduate, graduate, and medical trainees, postdoctoral fellows, residents, and clinical or research fellows. Early-career investigators must hold a PhD, MD, or equivalent doctoral degree and be within 10 years of that degree or within 5 years of initiating rare disease research, engaged in postdoctoral research at an academic institution, teaching hospital, or nonprofit research institute. Currently enrolled trainees and transitional PhD candidates beginning a postdoctoral appointment at a nonprofit institution by July 1, 2026 are also eligible. All applicants must identify a qualified mentor with relevant TDD or rare disease research experience and demonstrate institutional support. Funding amount: Up to USD $15,000. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: Innovation, Science & Technology. Deadline: October 2, 2026. Learn more and apply here. Call for Expression of Interest (EOI): AMBSO Impact Research Initiative, Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization (AMBSO). *Closing soon!* The Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization is inviting expressions of interest for its Impact Research Initiative, which funds early-stage pilot studies and proof of concept work on priority health challenges. AMBSO is a Ugandan research organization backing bold ideas that can grow into larger studies, and its tracks span antimicrobial resistance, epidemic preparedness, artificial intelligence for diagnostics, HIV prevention, climate and health, cancer, maternal and child health, and non-communicable diseases. The small award size and direct-cost-only rule point to a funder that wants evidence rather than overhead, and that favors projects able to attract follow-on money or use AMBSO’s own research infrastructure. Eligibility runs worldwide, welcoming researchers and institutions inside and outside Africa. The strongest fits are researchers with a feasible pilot that generates policy-ready evidence. Geographies: Global. Who can apply: Open worldwide to researchers, academic institutions, and research organizations whose work aligns with generating high-impact health evidence. Independent researchers are eligible if affiliated with an academic or research institution. Doctoral students are encouraged to apply as part of a research team led by a faculty Principal Investigator. Community-based organizations and other eligible entities may apply. Projects may be implemented inside or outside Uganda. Funding amount: Up to USD $10,000 per project, with no minimum funding threshold. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: SDG3. Deadline: October 2, 2026. Learn more and apply here. Entrepreneurs for Resilience 2027 (E4R27), Swiss Re Foundation. *Closing soon!* Swiss Re Foundation is opening the tenth edition of Entrepreneurs for Resilience, which backs healthcare social enterprises expanding affordable, quality primary care for low-income communities across low- and middle-income countries. The Foundation is using catalytic, blended funding plus multi-year advisory to take risk out of scaling, helping proven models reach more people sustainably rather than stay stuck at pilot size. It looks to back brick-and-click enterprises that pair physical care with digital tools and build affordability through savings, payments, or microinsurance, ideally integrated with public health systems. Requiring earned revenue, real customer scale, and gender-inclusive teams signals that this is growth capital for commercially serious ventures, not seed money. The strongest fits are established, revenue-generating healthcare enterprises ready to scale access for underserved populations. Geographies: Global. Who can apply: For-profit and hybrid healthcare social enterprises serving low-income and underserved populations in low- and middle-income countries, using combined physical and digital (brick-and-click) healthcare delivery models. Applicants must demonstrate measurable social impact, generate at least 50% of income through earned revenue, have been established no later than December 2023, already serve at least 50,000 people with potential to scale, and have at least 30% low-income customers. Preference for gender-inclusive enterprises with at least one female founder or at least 30% women in management. Funding amount: Pilot funding of up to USD $45,000 for the 6-8 shortlisted social enterprises; up to USD $1 million in blended funding (up to USD $600,000 unconditional plus up to USD $400,000 conditional) shared among 3-4 finalists over a two-year implementation period; total programme funding approximately USD $1.3 million. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: Innovation, Science & Technology · SDG3; SDG5. Deadline: October 4, 2026. Learn more and apply here. Horizon HealthTech 2026, IIITD Innovation & Incubation Center. *Closing soon!* IIITD Innovation and Incubation Center is opening Horizon HealthTech 2026, a nine-month MedTech incubation cohort run under the aegis of BIRAC EDGE for founders building medical devices, diagnostics, surgical and interventional tools, or remote monitoring. The center is backing teams that already hold a validated proof of concept and want to reach a tested prototype, pairing each founder with a named expert and clinical validation through a hospital partner. What they seek to back is Indian health technology that can survive real clinical scrutiny and regulatory review, not slideware. The structure, with lab access, CDSCO guidance, IP support, and investor connects, signals a program built to make startups ready for follow-on capital. The strongest fits are early-stage MedTech teams with defensible IP and a working path from bench to bedside. Geographies: India. Who can apply: Early-stage teams/startups with a validated idea/proof of concept (TRL 3 onwards) working on medical devices, diagnostics, surgical/interventional technologies, or remote monitoring, holding IP or with potential to generate IP. Funding amount: No cash award amount is stated on the official program page. Benefits are in-kind: prototyping lab and equipment access, clinical/hospital validation (Max Healthcare), expert mentorship, CDSCO regulatory guidance, IP filing support, workspace, cloud credits and tools, and investor connects. Run under the aegis of BIRAC EDGE and builds a path to follow-on Government/VC/Angel funding. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: Innovation, Science & Technology · SDG3; SDG9. Deadline: October 5, 2026. Learn more and apply here. OpenAI AI and Teen Development Research Grant Program, OpenAI. *New!* *Closing soon!* OpenAI is opening its AI and Teen Development Research Grant Program to fund independent studies of how generative AI shapes the lives of young people ages 13 to 17. OpenAI wants a stronger evidence base on how teens actually use these tools and what that use does to their social and emotional development, so that product teams, policymakers, and regulators can act on findings rather than assumptions. It seeks work on emotion regulation, relationships, belonging, and the safeguards that keep teens safer, welcoming interdisciplinary teams and any methodology. That it will fund research whose conclusions may not favor AI providers, and prioritizes studies touching ChatGPT, signals a genuine appetite for credible outside scrutiny. The strongest fits are research groups grounded in adolescent development, well-being, and AI safety. Geographies: Global. Who can apply: Researchers aged 18 or older who are affiliated with a research institution or organization, and/or have significant experience relevant to child or adolescent development, well-being, human-computer interaction, AI impacts, or a closely related field. Multiple institutions may collaborate. OpenAI is seeking to fund research rather than for-profit initiatives and will not prioritize for-profit organizations. Funding amount: Individual research grants up to USD $1 million, totaling up to USD $5 million; maximum 10% of each grant for overhead or indirect costs. Targeted Sectors / SDGs: Social Inclusion & Community Wellbeing; Innovation, Science & Technology. 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Oct 1 • 6:29 AM EDT • Health • impactfunding.substack.com

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Oct 1 • 5:10 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

‘Mega-Industrial’ Trawlers Threaten Europe’s Ocean Health

Europe’s floating factories make up just one percent of the fleet but catch more than half the fish—and they cause the majority of environmental damage.

Oct 1 • 5:00 AM EDT • Health • insideclimatenews.org

AnMed health system to build new campus on Clemson Boulevard

ANDERSON — Health care provider AnMed has announced plans to further its expansion with construction of a new emergency center and health care campus on 44 acres off Interstate 85. The new facility on...

Oct 1 • 5:00 AM EDT • Health • yahoo.com

Georgia campaign law faces challenge from Libertarian, Green parties

Multiple judges have ruled leadership committees are likely illegal because they give an unfair advantage to some candidates. But the law is still on the books.

Oct 1 • 5:00 AM EDT • Politics • ajc.com

The government’s new chatbot won’t talk politics, but it will fact-check Trump

The AI “concierge” promises to help users with passports, Medicare and more. We tested what it can actually do.

Oct 1 • 5:00 AM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com

September Monthly Review: Health MCP Guy?

For all the time I spend talking about APIs and data exchange, this newsletter has had embarrassingly little interoperability of its own. It’s old-school SaaS, baby - UI or bust. Not all of that is my fault! Substack, for all its popularity, is (as mentioned before) really frustrating as my system of record. The primary user it optimizes towards is the reader, whose attention feeds the app, the Notes feed, and the recommendation network that Substack is actually selling. Health API Guy is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Subscribe They’re falling into the same trap that Medium once sprinted into, albeit at a much more glacial speed. Younger generations may not remember (or never knew) it, but Medium once lured publications like The Ringer and Signal v. Noise onto its platform, only to lose them as it rebuilt itself around a paywall and an algorithmic feed. Substack’s original pitch circa 2020 was the antidote (you own your list), but every new feed feature chips away at it. I get it: writers are generic supply in the eyes of the Substack product team. Generic supply follows demand, so the consistent pressure on the PMs is to generate demand, which leads to every product cycle going toward discovery (Notes, recommendations, the app, live video). The end result lackluster author tools (laggy and broken analytics are truly crippling) all despite the premium price point. The archive is where it crosses from authorial gripes to actual reader impact, though. Across Substack and LinkedIn, I’ve published 1,218 posts and nearly 900,000 words since 2018. Substack’s native search can see only the 464 posts that live on Substack, and even there it’s woefully inadequate at surfacing relevant content (even for the guy who wrote it)! Readers have the same problem, writ large. Ask the Archive Fixing search (for both my readers and my own use) turned out to be extremely non-trivial, unfortunately: There’s no public API for readers to access content RSS exists for new content notification, but it only carries the 20 most recent posts and cuts paid ones off at the preview The only Substack MCP is an admin tool for analytics The export exists for authors, but it’s painfully awkward and slow. So I built something to work around that: the Health API Guy MCP. It’s a private MCP server holding the full text of everything I’ve written across Substack and LinkedIn. Add it to Claude or ChatGPT as a connector and you can ask things like: It pairs keyword search (for acronyms and case names, of which we have many) with semantic search. Every post is also labeled by topic, form, and court case, so you can pull a lawsuit’s (or multiple cases’) entire docket across Substack and LinkedIn in one query: Hail, Healthapiguyhydra This is also a bit of me eating my own cooking. I’ve spent the year arguing that headless healthcare is arriving and that developers want primitives over abstractions. Last week in Hail, Benihydra, I watched Salesforce plug its platform into Claude and bet that the records underneath outlive whatever interface sits on top: Salesforce must believe that the Hydra’s immortal head is the records, permissions, and business logic (in that they will survive whatever happens to the interface). It felt a bit hypocritical to keep my own archive behind a Substack search bar. The archive is the body. Substack is one head, and now whatever tool you might use is another. Will the EHRs follow my lead? Probably not imminently, but one can hope! Why Founding Members Only The MCP is available to Founding Member subscribers. A few reasons: It costs money and time to run. Hosting, the database, Clerk usage and AI compute for search and labeling are significant operational costs (that increase with usage). Substack gives me no way to automate access. There’s no API to check whether someone is a paid subscriber, so every user is manual operations for now. It’s a beta. We’ll need to improve things and parts will break. I’d rather they break for a small group of dedicated readers who will tell me about it. The Founding tier deserved a real benefit. Until now it was mostly a generous tip. Now it comes with something. If you’re already a Founding Member, reply to this email with the address you’d like provisioned. If you’re not and want in, upgrade here. Larger teams (such as companies) can get access too: group subscriptions at the Founding tier come with the group discount. The admin for the subscription can reply with the list of addresses to provision. Get 20% off a group subscription Pricing Founding membership is now a flat $200 a year, replacing the old suggested $150 that readers could adjust. Existing Founding Members will have access grandfathered in at their previous rate. Month in Review Articles Published Make Networks Dumb Again (Sep 11): AI is making old analog networks cheaper to use and flooding them with machine traffic in the process. A plea for agent-native rails with the intelligence at the endpoints, and for Washington to drag them to ubiquity. Interoperability, Unbuttoned (Sep 29): Interoperability is a series of workflows in a trenchcoat, and this post finally takes the trenchcoat off. A color-coded map shows which provider workflows went digital, which are fragmented, and which still run on fax. Video Content Antitrust’s System of Record Problem (Sep 3): The FTC’s investigation into Epic prompted a ninety-minute webinar, now posted with chapters and a smoothed transcript. We get into why market definition, missing B2B share data, and the SSNIP test leave antitrust poorly suited to systems of record, plus why information blocking may be doing more than any pending lawsuit. The Information Exchange: Cerner Milking Edition (Sep 18): This was so fucking fun. Ryan Tucker, Ryan Brickner, Brad Thorson, and I try an Around the Horn format, complete with points, penalties, and a mute button. We debate whether Oracle Health is dead, who would actually buy Cerner (IBM enters the chat), p(Doom), and why the front desk still hands you a clipboard. Regulatory Ask Not What Your Network Can Do (Sep 23): CDC’s RFI on public health data intermediaries lists use cases already served, unevenly, by eCR, lab reporting, IZ Gateway, and syndromic surveillance. The real opportunity sits in one question about AI: a network that can handle the next emergency without another interface project. Court cases Particle v. Epic: The Naughty Schoolteacher (Sep 4): After a summer-long vigil, the answer on Epic’s early summary judgment bid is two paragraphs and a remedial assignment. Particle advances to the next grade, and market definition gets another year of discovery. The Epic Discovery Files (Sep 8): Texas’s motions to compel arrive with a 251-page appendix of requests, objections, and meet-and-confer letters with Cravath. Inside: Epic using generative AI for document review, denied interoperability requests in scope, and Noerr-Pennington raised against lobbying discovery. Epic v. Health Gorilla: “Working as Designed” (Sep 9): Epic wants nothing to do with the data breach MDL, and explaining why puts fresh discovery on the public docket. The spiciest allegation: Health Gorilla told GuardDog to scrub its law firm business from its website instead of cutting off access. Veeva v. Epic: Legal Bypass Surgery (Sep 15): Veeva asks the Wisconsin Supreme Court to skip the Court of Appeals, while law professors and three policy groups line up as amici. Meanwhile, Epic’s lawyers apologize for another round of citation errors, including a quote that never existed. Texas v. Epic: Behind the Black Bars (Sep 17): The court portal served up Epic’s unredacted filings, revealing a $5 million document review budget and the AI workflow behind it. Also inside: the 200-plus company names Texas wants searched, and one very expensive Zoom invitation. OpenEvidence v. Doximity: Consequences Will Follow (Sep 25): OpenEvidence tells the court it will not comply with a discovery order, and its own lawyers at Quinn Emanuel say they won’t defend the choice. Add years of Slack reported unrecoverable, and Rule 37 sanctions come into view. Health Tech Keeps Choosing Violence (Sep 28): Doximity moves to end OpenEvidence’s case, Epic asks Texas to show its work, and a sleepy Audacious Inquiry patent fight sprouts antitrust and information blocking counterclaims. The main event is a long-sealed Cognizant v. Infosys ruling that hints where system of record antitrust claims can survive. EHRs One Verb for Oracle Health (Sep 14): Oracle’s earnings call quantifies every data center to the decimal point, while Oracle Health gets a single verb: “accelerate.” Panning the few healthcare mentions turns up an agentic care management system, a research-to-care ledger play, and the question of whether healthcare gets Larry’s patience. Epic’s Forretress Under Siege (Sep 30): Judy Faulkner tells a panel Epic paused hundreds of projects to harden its software and calls it a “shame,” while a spokesperson insists the roadmap hasn’t changed. Project Glasswing, a Pokémon-branded QAN sprint, and a trove of Jodel grievances reconcile the two Epics and preview the Jevons paradox coming for all software. Industry Analysis Scanning for a Network (Sep 1): Scan.com raises $220M to build the imaging network labs never got, speedrunning Zocdoc’s consumer-to-B2B pivot. Its wedge to network density may be the most American one available: personal injury litigation. The Front Desk Wants the Damn Whole Building (Sep 16): Hello Patient buys Converse Health, pushing its AI front desk into referrals, chart work, and prior auth. The copilot categories keep blurring, and your distribution partner is still your final boss. Cross-industry Comparisons A Different Patchwork Quilt (Sep 10): Healthcare loves to envy open banking, but the US version has no mandate, a toll booth at Chase, and data quality problems of its own. The grass isn’t greener; it’s another American patchwork quilt, and perhaps a worse one. Hail, Benihydra (Sep 21): Salesforce brings its platform into Claude, Slack, and its own agent, inviting the interfaces that might replace it. Cut off one head and more grow back, so long as the records underneath stay put. Living on A Trade Secret Prayer (Sep 22): Six credit unions are suing Fiserv, the Epic of core banking, by claiming their own member records as trade secrets. Banking has no Cures Act, so its lawyers reach for legal alchemy that healthcare has already tried. Other News None this month External Media Nabla Accelerate NYC: I kicked off fall conference season at Nabla’s Accelerate event in New York, where Delphine Groll opened by asking the room to picture the company it wants to become and the one it doesn’t. I liked her framework of bureaucracy, fear, and ego as the blockers. I also love vendor conferences/events in general - different vibe than industry biggies. Healthcare 101 with Nikhil Krishnan: I briefly guest lectured Out-Of-Pocket’s Healthcare 101 class. Appreciated Nikhil’s takeaways cover whether AI doctors can query HIEs, why healthcare’s data-liberation rules beat most industries’, and the hi-res graphic is in the comments. HCN: Epic Probed by the FTC: I joined the HCN guys to talk through the FTC’s investigation into Epic. Cedric’s new hairdo was an unexpected plot twist. The episode also covers MFN drug pricing, healthcare M&A and Eli Lilly’s acquisition streak. Fall Conferences: At eHealth Exchange’s Annual Meeting in Austin on Oct 27, I’ll moderate a panel on the tensions between AI, HIEs, and timely patient access with Jean Ross (Primary Record), Therasa Bell (Kno2), Byron Crowe (Doctronic), and Michael Marchant (Freenome). Here’s the rest of my schedule if you want to meet up: CommonWell (Redwood Shores, CA): Oct 13-14 Will be participating in a fun Jeopardy event Open@Epic (Madison, WI): Oct 20-23 Will be enjoying Verona, Willy Street, and other local adventures eHealth Exchange and Sequoia Project (Austin, TX): Oct 27-29 Yeehaw HLTH (Vegas): Nov 15-18 Groundhog Day, Venetian Edition RSNA (Chicago): Nov 30-Dec 2 See me at “Governing AI in Breast Imaging: What Health Systems Are Actually Doing” Digital Health Counsel 2026 AI Summit (Seattle): December 2-3 Will likely be speaking to a bunch of lawyers about information blocking Posts I Liked ChatGPT’s Epic integration: game changer or nothing burger?: Joshua Liu, MD offers five thoughts on OpenAI’s Epic launch, starting from the point that it rides the same open APIs available to anyone. He argues read-only access leaves ordering to Art and the ambient startups, and asks why HCA is piloting it alongside Commure. He’s sorta a must-follow at this point - consistently excellent, thought-provoking takes. Epic, Lilly, and the Discovery pass: Seth Chaney reads Epic’s first major Discovery deal (with Eli Lilly), as well as its revised developer terms on commercial displays, as the pipe finally opening between EHRs and pharma. Life sciences and health continue to collide. Scott Rossignol on EHR payer platforms and ePA fees: Scott argues the top ambulatory EHR vendors are turning the prior auth mandate into a per-member-per-year toll on payers, for an API whose operating cost has nothing to do with covered lives. His fix is two lines of regulatory text: put the CRD/DTR/PAS certification criteria in the Base EHR definition, and bring payer-facing ePA connectivity under § 170.404’s cost-based fee rules. It’s a good solution. Health API Guy is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Subscribe

Oct 1 • 4:36 AM EDT • Health • healthapiguy.substack.com

FEATURE | Adil Bourabaa

The fact that there was no fire sale at Le Mans FC this summer, following their promotion to Ligue 1, was indicative. Whereas the likes of Mathys Detourbet and Martin Adeline left ESTAC Troyes after g...

Oct 1 • 4:35 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Two key Senate health committees face major shake-ups

Senate committees that handle important health care matters are about to see major GOP turnover. Here's what that means.

Oct 1 • 4:30 AM EDT • Health • statnews.com

October will be Critical Month for Florida State Football

As the sports calendar changes, the month of October is a critical one for Florida State, beginning with Virginia on Saturday at home. Then the Seminoles hit the road for a brutal two weeks, facing of against Louisville and Miami in back-to-back weeks. The defense will be challenged.

Oct 1 • 4:07 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

UK fears grow over AI giant Palantir's health service deal

The U.K. government is facing mounting pressure to end a £330 million contract between the National Health Service and AI giant Palantir, as doctors, lawmakers and campaigners warn of ethical risks.

Oct 1 • 4:00 AM EDT • Health • techxplore.com

7 Takeaways From an Investigation Into Financial Aid at Texas Hospitals

Hospitals can prevent medical debt by preemptively wiping out a patient’s bill. But a Tradeoffs analysis finds that few nonprofit facilities in Texas use this tool to the maximum benefit of patients.

Oct 1 • 3:01 AM EDT • Health • tradeoffs.org

Ultimate Men's Clinic Continues Focus on Accessible Men's Health Care in Tulsa

continues its focus on confidential, physician led men's health care for patients in Tulsa and surrounding communities.TULSA, OK / ACCESS Newswire / October 1, 2026 / , a locally owned men's health practice founded by Trey Westcott, is continuing its focus on providing dedicated men's health care through its Tulsa clinic.

Oct 1 • 3:00 AM EDT • Health • finance.yahoo.com

Zacks Industry Outlook Highlights Disney, Madison Square Garden Entertainment, People and Reservoir Media

DIS, MSGE, PPLI and RSVR pursue content and technology strategies as media faces cord-cutting and weaker broadcast TV demand.

Oct 1 • 2:59 AM EDT • Entertainment • finance.yahoo.com

John Cunha, DO, FACOEP, Appointed Permanent Chief Medical Officer of Holy Cross Health

John Cunha, DO, FACOEP, has been named the permanent Chief Medical Officer (CMO) of Holy Cross Health. Dr. Cunha brings more than 20 years of clinical and administrative experience to this role. Since joining the Holy Cross Emergency Physician Group in 2006, he has served as Vice Chair of the Emergency Department since 2016 and […]

Oct 1 • 1:01 AM EDT • Health • southfloridahospitalnews.com

Skanska Completes $27.3 Million Broward Health’s Freestanding Emergency Department in Sunrise

Skanska has announced the completion of Broward Health’s freestanding Emergency Department in Sunrise, FL. Spanning 18,000 square feet, the new $27.3 million facility is designed to deliver faster, more accessible care in a community long considered a medical desert, while supporting the region’s continued population growth. The facility is designed to accommodate a broader spectrum […]

Oct 1 • 1:01 AM EDT • Health • southfloridahospitalnews.com

History a factor in Nebraska softball’s next games against Omaha

Nebraska softball has won its first two games of their season against Kansas and is set to play against UNO for the first time since April. The Huskers face Omaha on Sunday, Oct. 4, at Bowlin Stadium.

Oct 1 • 1:00 AM EDT • Sports • dailynebraskan.com

Portugal XI vs Denmark – Predicted lineup and team news

Portugal will aim to maintain their perfect start to the UEFA Nations League when they travel to face Denmark at Parken Stadium on Thursday. The defending champions have won both of their opening Grou...

Oct 1 • 12:55 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Ad Council Launches New Maternal Mental Health Campaign As 3 In 4 Conditions Go Untreated

/PRNewswire/ -- Today, The Secret to Motherhood, a maternal mental health effort from the Ad Council's "Love, Your Mind" campaign, supported by the Arthur M....

Oct 1 • 12:01 AM EDT • Health • prnewswire.com

Rising health care costs: 3 changes that could make a difference

We know rising health care costs continue to put pressure on employers. But businesses don’t have to face these challenges alone.

Oct 1 • 12:00 AM EDT • Health • rbj.net

We Are Iowa Local 5 News

Welcome to the official YouTube channel of Local 5 News (WOI-TV). Subscribe to our channel for the latest news updates, heartwarming stories and weather forecast. ▶️ Subscribe to Local 5 on YouTube: https://bit.ly/Local5YouTube_subscribe Facebook: https://facebook.com/WeAreIowa X: https://x.com/weareiowa5news Instagram: https://instagram.com/weareiowa 💻 Stream us on WeAreIowa+: https://www.weareiowa.com/article/entertainment/television/programs/weareiowa-plus-ott-streaming-app-24-7-news-channel-roku-amazon-fire-tv/524-1558f3b4-af48-447d-9974-a7dd4cd9a0b7 📱 Download the We Are Iowa app: https://weareiowa.com/app 📩 Get Local 5’s "5 Things to Know" email newsletter in your inbox: https://weareiowa.com/email

Sep 30 • 11:30 PM EDT • Science • youtube.com

Duke Basketball Has Big Recruit Visiting This Weekend

The Duke Basketball program is hosting a big recruiting target over the weekend with the chance to close the deal.

Sep 30 • 11:28 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Yankees' full schedule for 2026 ALDS matchup with Rays

Here is the Yankees' schedule as they face the division rival Rays in the 2026 ALDS.

Sep 30 • 11:15 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Mental health awareness is not reflected in college culture

Generation Z is the generation most open to discussing mental health experiences. Yet, despite advances in mental health awareness, including a greater willingness to share their struggles and access to diagnoses, college students today still face heightened challenges with depression and anxiety. This can be partially attributed to financial stress and barriers to accessing continued mental health resources, as well as being overwhelmed by news outside their immediate communities.

Sep 30 • 11:04 PM EDT • Health • michigandaily.com

Huawei unveils Mate 90 phones, leans on homegrown chip design to offset US curbs

Huawei Technologies [RIC:RIC:HWT.UL] unveiled its Mate 90 smartphone series on Thursday, betting on its in-house ​operating system and redesigned chip architecture to boost its performance in the face of US curbs on shipments of advanced semiconductors.

Sep 30 • 11:02 PM EDT • Technology • reuters.com

StarCare Specialty Health System expanding local access to mental health care

The expanded facility at Aspen Ave. and East 19th St. now features 60 inpatient psychiatric beds, doubling its previous capacity of 30 beds.

Sep 30 • 10:59 PM EDT • Health • kcbd.com

Here's who won the Hilton-Becerra debate for California governor

Three Times columnists weigh in on the only scheduled face-to-face debate in the race for California governor.

Sep 30 • 10:51 PM EDT • Politics • latimes.com

'Blowout': Here's who won the Hilton-Becerra debate for California governor

Three Times columnists weigh in on the only scheduled face-to-face debate in the race for California governor.

Sep 30 • 10:51 PM EDT • Politics • yahoo.com

University launches new Philosophy, Politics and Economics concentration

With 18 course requirements, the new concentration is set to be Brown’s most intensive A.B. concentration.

Sep 30 • 10:21 PM EDT • Politics • browndailyherald.com

WNBA playoffs live updates, Valkyries-Wings score: Postseason continues with Game 2 from Dallas after Dream eliminate Mystics

Sep 30 • 10:07 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Washington Post Osprey Story Blurs the Line Between Science and Special Interests

Article Repeats Unproven Claims Without Explaining Where They Exceed the Scientific and Regulatory RecordWASHINGTON, D. / ACCESS Newswire / September 30, 2026 / The Washington Post on September 27 published a story by Mark Robichaux under the headline "Ospreys are disappearing along the East Coast.

Sep 30 • 10:00 PM EDT • Science • finance.yahoo.com

UK fears grow over AI giant Palantir's health service deal

The UK government is facing mounting pressure to end a £330-million contract between the National Health Service and AI giant Palantir, as doctors, lawmakers and campaigners warn of ethical risks."Tha...

Sep 30 • 9:30 PM EDT • Health • yahoo.com

Marius Mouandilmadji Could Start for Olympiacos vs. Panathinaikos

Olympiacos face Panathinaikos on Oct. 11 and Marseille on Oct. 15. Marius Mouandilmadji could start the derby, while Armando 'Hormiga' Gonzalez may return late from Mexico duty.

Sep 30 • 8:15 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Japan’s patchy business mood takes pressure off BOJ for immediate hike

By Makiko Yamazaki and Leika Kihara TOKYO, Oct 1 (Reuters) - Japanese manufacturers' confidence hit an eight-year high over July-September but non-manufacturers' mood soured, a central bank survey showed, painting a mixed picture of the economy that ma...

Sep 30 • 8:14 PM EDT • Business • wtvbam.com

Warhammer 40,000 – Balance Update: Chaos, the Imperium and Xenos Fight Back

Learn what yesterday’s big changes mean for the non-Space Marines factions.

Sep 30 • 8:00 PM EDT • Technology • warhammer-community.com

Zacks Industry Outlook Highlights Disney, Madison Square Garden Entertainment, People and Reservoir Media

DIS, MSGE, PPLI and RSVR pursue content and technology strategies as media faces cord-cutting and weaker broadcast TV demand.

Sep 30 • 8:00 PM EDT • Entertainment • zacks.com

What Does Your Office Say About Your Business? by Jennifer Kraner

What does your space say about you and your business? More importantly, does it give you the best possible first impression? The minute a client, customer or patient walks through your door, they’re forming an opinion about your business – sometimes consciously, sometimes without even realizing it. Your space is communicating something about you, whether you intend it to or not. At Big Sky Design, we work with all kinds of commercial businesses, including many medical practices, law firms and other corporate offices, and I’ve seen first hand how much thoughtful design can influence that first impression. For businesses in medical, legal, and financial fields, three things are particularly important: trust, privacy and professionalism. Your space should communicate all three while also reflecting who you are as a business. That can be challenging, especially in a new construction project. Often, so much of the budget goes toward the actual construction that things like lighting, comfortable seating, artwork and finishing touches get pushed to the side. But those are often the elements that make a space feel complete – and memorable. Think about your waiting room. Is it comfortable? Is the lighting welcoming? Does the layout make sense? When someone walks through the door, do they immediately know where to go and whom to speak with? In a medical office, there’s another important consideration: privacy. Reception areas can become surprisingly noisy places, with phone calls, conversations between staff and patients, and people discussing personal information. Hard surfaces throughout a space allow sound to bounce around, making it difficult to maintain privacy. We recently worked with an eye doctor's office that had exactly this problem. The reception desk had a large opening, and staff were making and taking phone calls right next to patients who were waiting. We designed an acoustic treatment that acted as a divider between the staff and waiting areas. It absorbed sound, but it also became a branded design element. It was a visual reminder to everyone in the space to be mindful of their voices and what others might be able to hear. Those kinds of thoughtful details can make a tremendous difference. And good commercial design doesn't have to mean making your space flashy. Sometimes it’s as simple as a calming color palette, beautiful artwork, plants, carefully selected lighting or comfortable upholstered furniture. In a medical setting, those touches can help soften what might otherwise feel clinical and reduce anxiety for patients who are already nervous about an appointment. I’ve been in waiting rooms where everyone feels packed together, and you can hear every conversation – even what’s happening in the restroom next door. That’s not the experience you want to create. Your office should also feel like your business. Are you telling people that you’re clean and modern? Sophisticated and unique? Warm and welcoming? Or, unintentionally, are you telling them that your business is outdated? You don’t necessarily need a complete renovation to change that message. Fresh paint, updated lighting, new artwork, better seating or a few branded design elements can make a space feel current and intentional. At Big Sky Design, we’ve worked with radiology, dermatology, and dental practices, among many others. Every practice is different, but the goal is always the same: creating a space that reflects the business behind it and gives every person who walks through the door a positive first impression. Because your office is part of your brand. Make sure it’s telling the story you want people to hear. Read more at bigskydesignonline.com.

Sep 30 • 8:00 PM EDT • Business • wilmingtonbiz.com

Harvard Science Division Launches Five AI-Related Faculty Searches

Harvard Science Division Launches Five AI-Related Faculty Searches

Sep 30 • 6:46 PM EDT • Science • thecrimson.com

Looking at the Ugly Side of the Paramount-Skydance Merger...And How I’d Fix It

A Message from Our Sponsor Certified Fresh with 100% on Rotten Tomatoes, FX’s Adults is an ensemble comedy series about a group of twenty-somethings in New York leaning on each other to navigate love, work, friendship and family. Don’t sleep on “The Sitcom of the Moment” - Awards Buzz All Episodes now streaming on Hulu on Disney+. Watch The Teaser Trailer... (Welcome to the Entertainment Strategy Guy, a newsletter on the entertainment industr(Welcome to the “Most Important Story of the Week”, my bi-weekly strategy column analyzing the most important (but often not buzziest) news story of the last two weeks. I’m the Entertainment Strategy Guy, a former streaming executive who now analyzes business strategy in the entertainment industry. Please subscribe.) Before we dive in, I wanted to congratulate Broadcast Now for being the first to report that Netflix’s How to Get to Heaven from Belfast has been cancelled. (I saw this in a write-up by Kasey Moore of Whats-On-Netflix.) More importantly, I wanted to note that, as of yesterday, none of the other trades had reported the news yet. I have half a guess that eventually one of them will report this. Anyways, it’s time to take a break from my deluge of streaming ratings reports to continue my analysis of the Paramount Skydance Warner Bros. Discovery (PSWbD) saga. As I noted last week, a lot of times when folks use the (sometimes cliched) “the good, the bad and the ugly” framing for an article, “the ugly” section is just more bad. Or very, very bad. In this case, yeah, I do think it’s ugly. In more than one way. Unfortunately, we’re only going to have time to tackle one of those ways today: the ugly pile of debt to finance this deal. (In a future article, I may cover the entire process for how it went down, which was very, very ugly.) Last issue, I explained why I liked this deal in a vacuum. Unfortunately, “vacuums” don’t exist outside of space. Let’s dive in. Subscribe Most Important Story of the Week - The Ugliness of the Paramount/Warner Bros. Merger More than one person sent me a note speculating that the big problem with Paramount Skydance buying Warner Bros. Discovery is the “Warner Bros.” portion of the deal. In fact, that’s a take I read a lot about Warner Bros., ever since they caught Netflix’s, and then Paramount-Skydance’s, eye. In short, multiple companies (Time, AOL, AT&T, Discovery) have bought and then regretted buying Warner Bros. Since it’s nearing Halloween, you could almost say it’s like the folks think WB is cursed! It’s a haunted studio—like the town of Derry in movie studio form—and whoever takes possession of it will fall into misery! Yet...I just don’t like that story, because it doesn’t explain the “why” behind why those deals fell through. Especially when Warner Bros. has continued to succeed as a TV and film studio in the intervening two decades. Lord of the Rings? Harry Potter? Game of Thrones? Everything HBO? Considering it never fully owned a broadcast TV channel, this media company has done pretty well. So what went wrong? Well, in recent years, companies bought Warner Bros. instead of the other, smarter option. Explaining POCD (And Applying It to Mergers & Acquisitions) As I explained last issue, one of my favorite frameworks is the POCD tool for evaluating venture capital investments: People Opportunity Context Deal The bar to invest as a VC is high. (Or I might say “was” since cheap interest rates made life easier last decade.) You review a thousand prospectuses, get pitched by a hundred, and invest in the ten best, with the hopes that one of those ten would pay for the rest. That means every element of a deal needed to pay off: you needed the right people running the companies, who could capitalize on the right opportunity, in the context of an industry that was ripe for disruption. If you could then not overpay, you could make some money in a smart deal. The analogy isn’t perfect here, but close enough. For a merger or acquisition to work, you need the combined company (which is the opportunity) to make more than the price you need to pay (which is the deal). Note: the people and context still matter, but with M&A, it’s a little more straightforward: does the opportunity exceed the cost? And usually with Warner Bros., it hasn’t. If you want to find out the single biggest mistake made by the Warner Bros. suitors over the last few years (and my simple fix) become a paid subscriber. I’ll also touch on who I think Paramount-Skydance could (shockingly) consider buying next, TBD, and more. Sign up here.

Sep 30 • 6:41 PM EDT • Entertainment • entertainment.substack.com

Is Trump a Help or Hindrance on the Campaign Trail? Republicans Are Still Deciding

As President Trump hits the trail this month ahead of the midterm elections, Republican candidates face a key question: Should they choose to campaign alongside the unpopular commander in chief or stay away? “I thought I was finished campaigning, but in order to help Republicans – because we need ...

Sep 30 • 6:33 PM EDT • Politics • usnews.com

Business owners and residents ready for major Capitol Drive construction project to end

A four-mile stretch of Capitol Drive in Waukesha and Milwaukee counties is in its final weeks of a resurfacing project that has frustrated drivers and businesses since March.

Sep 30 • 6:02 PM EDT • Business • tmj4.com

Cascadia Healthcare Expanding Oregon Footprint With Acquisition of Sapphire Health’s Nursing Home Portfolio

Cascadia Healthcare is on track to become Oregon’s largest post-acute care provider with plans to acquire 11 facilities from Sapphire Health Services, a

Sep 30 • 6:00 PM EDT • Health • skillednursingnews.com

Minnesota has new K-12 academic health standards. What will they look like in the classroom?

The Director of Training and Education at the Center for Healthy Youth Development at the University of Minnesota explains the newly approved state K-12 academic health standards.

Sep 30 • 5:58 PM EDT • Health • mprnews.org

3 Towson University students among 17 facing firearms charges after shooting

BALTIMORE — Three of the 17 people facing firearms charges following a weekend shooting near Towson University are enrolled there as students, the university said Wednesday. A Towson University spokesperson

Sep 30 • 5:57 PM EDT • Entertainment • thederrick.com

Jan Jarboe Russell Was a Widely Admired Author and Journalist. She Was an Even Better Friend

The long-tenured Texas Monthly staff writer and author of several books has died at the age of 75.

Sep 30 • 5:41 PM EDT • Politics • texasmonthly.com

Coralville sues University of Iowa Health Care, alleging breach of contract

The City of Coralville is suing Iowa’s Board of Regents, which oversees the University of Iowa, claiming the university’s health care system promised to build medical offices that never materialized.

Sep 30 • 5:26 PM EDT • Health • kcrg.com

Senate reaches bipartisan deal on permitting bill to speed approvals of new energy projects

Senators from both parties said Wednesday they have reached a bipartisan deal on legislation aimed at speeding up permitting reviews for new energy and infrastructure projects that now face yearslong delays as lawmakers seek to meet growing demand for electricity and other forms of energy.

Sep 30 • 5:14 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org

Scientists in 1960 predicted Friday 13 November 2026 will be 'Doomsday.' Should you be worried?

In 1960, Science, one of the world's leading science journals, published an article with an unambiguous title: Doomsday: Friday, 13 November, A.D. 2026. It predicted that on this future date—just over ...

Sep 30 • 5:10 PM EDT • Science • phys.org

Crisis responses, H.R. 1 fallout are challenging states' mental health delivery

North Carolina and Wisconsin are working to decouple law enforcement from crisis response, leverage 988 in care entry and conquer longstanding data silos. | State officials spoke frankly about the challenges they face in delivering equitable mental healthcare during policy sessions at the annual Behavioral Health Tech conference last week, held in Nashville.

Sep 30 • 5:06 PM EDT • Health • fiercehealthcare.com

Is Purdue a MUST-WIN Game for Illinois This Weekend?

Facing a defensive crisis and coaching shakeup, Bret Bielema’s squad must secure a homecoming victory to stabilize a chaotic season and reclaim momentum in the Big Ten.

Sep 30 • 5:00 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Gladstone DDA adjusts facade program for downtown businesses

Approved upgrades could include signage, murals and traditional facades, with program expansion to tenants. This year, eligibility has been expanded.

Sep 30 • 4:44 PM EDT • Business • uppermichiganssource.com

Lieutenant governor visits opening of new mental health facility in Lubbock

The event was held at the Sunrise Canyon Complex at 1905 Aspen Avenue to celebrate the grand opening of the newly expanded Sunrise Canyon Hospital and the Hope Center.

Sep 30 • 4:29 PM EDT • Health • kcbd.com

CVS Health declares quarterly dividend

/PRNewswire/ -- CVS Health® (NYSE: CVS) has announced that its board of directors has approved a quarterly dividend of sixty-six and one-half cents ($0.665...

Sep 30 • 4:26 PM EDT • Health • prnewswire.com

Trump acknowledges bind he faces on immigration policies

The president spoke at a Hispanic Heritage Month event as Latino voters abandon him.

Sep 30 • 4:22 PM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com

JJ Redick Delivers Encouraging Lakers Health Update After First Practice

The Los Angeles Lakers have officially started their training camp, with all the faces finally getting a chance to work together on the basketball floor ahead o

Sep 30 • 4:07 PM EDT • Health • si.com

Business management expert urges farmers to focus on liquidity and cost control heading into 2027

A production business management expert says preserving liquidity and managing working capital will be critical as producers face another year of tight margins. Barry Ward with Ohio State University Extension says stronger corn and soybean prices have improved the profit picture for 2026, but… “We’ve got elevated cost structures that we’re not going to be […]

Sep 30 • 3:43 PM EDT • Business • brownfieldagnews.com

Browns rule out C Elgton Jenkins for Thursday vs. Steelers

Sep 30 • 3:35 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Exploring the solar system through Cornell's image library

This year marks the forty-sixth anniversary of the Spacecraft Planetary Image Facility's technical research and outreach activities.

Sep 30 • 3:24 PM EDT • Science • news.cornell.edu

"Like Screaming Into A Void": Students, Teachers Decry Health Hazards In Schools

“This is basic dignity we’re asking for,” said Brandon Daley. The high school senior at Metropolitan Business Academy was one of nearly 30 students, teachers, parents, and advocates to offer publicly testimony to alders on Tuesday at a hearing about school facilities that drew roughly 100 people to City Hall.

Sep 30 • 3:01 PM EDT • Health • newhavenindependent.org

Case Keenum Might Lead Bears Against Jets

The Bears face a huge Week 4 test against the Jets. With Caleb Williams out, Case Keenum could start. See the 5 big storylines for this matchup.

Sep 30 • 2:47 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Zi-Kui Liu receives theory award from Materials Research Society

Zi-Kui Liu, the Corning Faculty Fellow in Materials Science and Engineering in the Penn State College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, will receive the 2026 Materials Theory Award from the Materials Research Society.

Sep 30 • 2:21 PM EDT • Science • psu.edu

IDEaS & AWS Launch Upskilling Course for Faculty, Research Engineers, and IT Specialists Working in Health Science Research

The fall cohort of 18 researchers will participate in a free, fully remote, 5-week program.

Sep 30 • 2:00 PM EDT • Science • newswise.com

After Four Games, Where Does Tulane Rank Statistically?

The Green Wave has struggled in all facets to start the year. How does this compare to other teams across the college football landscape?

Sep 30 • 1:48 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

UPMC completes acquisition of Ohio-based Trinity Health System

UPMC has officially expanded its footprint into Ohio. The Pittsburgh-based hospital system and insurer announced Wednesday that it had completed its acquisition of Trinity Health System from Chicago-based CommonSpirit Health. Trinity’s facilities will transfer to UPMC on Thursday. They include Trinity East and West campuses — both in Steubenville —

Sep 30 • 1:42 PM EDT • Health • triblive.com

How accurate is Netflix's 'Unabomber' movie?

Retired FBI profiler James R. Fitzgerald tells Business Insider what's fact and fiction in the Netflix movie.

Sep 30 • 1:38 PM EDT • Business • businessinsider.com

Vikings Announce Five Practice Squad Signings

One familiar face, some not so much

Sep 30 • 1:13 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

LG’s $64M Virginia factory will make data center chillers

The Korean electronics maker's North America arm expects to create 164 jobs at the 352,000-square-foot 460 Commerce Center in Shirley T. Holland Intermodal Park in Isle of Wight County. The Korean electronics maker's North America arm expects to create 164 jobs at the 352,000-square-foot 460 Commerce Center in Shirley T. Holland Intermodal Park in Isle of Wight County.

Sep 30 • 1:04 PM EDT • Business • virginiabusiness.com

Perceived Titans Weakness Slowly Becoming a Strength

Despite a winless start, Tennessee’s retooled offensive line is defying expectations. New faces and emerging starters are finally providing the pocket protection Cam Ward needs to succeed.

Sep 30 • 1:00 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

James Madison Leading The Sun Belt

James Madison came into this season with expectations of winning the Sun Belt again. But the road to repeating would face some more challenges. Last season they handled the conference with ease, and it was clear they were the best team. The biggest question surrounding the Dukes this season was how they would handle all …

Sep 30 • 1:00 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Prose Makes Skin Science Deeply Personal with New Custom Eye Care and a Next-Generation Custom Serum

/PRNewswire/ -- Prose, the global leader in personalization, today unveiled its new made-to-order skincare routine, introducing an upgraded Custom Serum, new...

Sep 30 • 12:57 PM EDT • Science • prnewswire.com

More images of the Samsung Galaxy Buds On surface, they show off the clip-on design

The buds will support nod gestures and AI assistants. They will use "open-ear air conduction". We first heard of the Galaxy Able buds back when the Galaxy...

Sep 30 • 12:41 PM EDT • Technology • gsmarena.com

Bloomington Police mental health program shows positive results

Early results for Bloomington Police Department’s brain health program show increased client well-being, high satisfaction, positive community reception and a meaningful reduction in barriers to accessing mental healthcare.

Sep 30 • 12:36 PM EDT • Health • bloomingtonmn.gov

Guardians' SP3 For ALDS Should Be an Obvious Choice

Manager Stephen Vogt faces a rotation dilemma, but Foster Griffin’s late-season resurgence and dominance against left-handed power make him the strategic weapon needed to secure a series lead.

Sep 30 • 12:23 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Daniss Jenkins Is the Pistons’ Real X-Factor This Season

Daniss Jenkins went from seven games to 72 and now holds Detroit's backup point guard job. #Pistons

Sep 30 • 12:20 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

MLB Wild Card Round day 2: Open Thread

Join us to chat about the Wild Card round as elimination stares four teams in the face.

Sep 30 • 12:00 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

MedStar Health, Georgetown University, and The Coalition Host First Business Local Impact Connection Day -- Construction Edition

/PRNewswire/ -- MedStar Health, Georgetown University, and The Coalition, through its DC Community Anchor Partnership (DCAP) program, held the first Business...

Sep 30 • 12:00 PM EDT • Health • prnewswire.com

MedStar Health, Georgetown University, and The Coalition Host First Business Local Impact Connection Day -- Construction Edition

/PRNewswire/ -- MedStar Health, Georgetown University, and The Coalition, through its DC Community Anchor Partnership (DCAP) program, held the first Business...

Sep 30 • 12:00 PM EDT • Business • prnewswire.com

Female Gazan PLC candidate to 'Post': I want a say in the decisions shaping my life

In an interview with the Post, Hiyam Taha explained why she is seeking to enter politics and how she hopes to improve the future of the Palestinian people.

Sep 30 • 11:58 AM EDT • Politics • jpost.com

Grasshopper Manufacture Leaves NetEase Games to Operate as Independent Studio

Suda51's studio, maker of No More Heroes and Killer7, has split from NetEase Games to work as an independent developer again.

Sep 30 • 11:57 AM EDT • Entertainment • northeasttimes.com

Ben Roethlisberger highlights key factor in Jaylen Warren's workload

Former quarterback Ben Roethlisberger praised running back Jaylen Warren while raising questions about his heavy workload for the Pittsburgh Steelers.

Sep 30 • 11:48 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Iowa Association of Business and Industry members have postive outlook on the economy

Iowa Association of Business and Industry (ABI) president Nicole Crain says 63% of members still plan to make capital expenditures in the fourth quarter. “We’ve seen that number this year be between 60 and 70%, which is really remarkable,” she says. “That shows that Iowa companies and Iowa manufacturing, they’re investing in their businesses, they’re […]

Sep 30 • 11:26 AM EDT • Business • radioiowa.com

Michigan State at Wisconsin: Spread and Over/Under Prediction

The Spartans head to Madison facing defensive hurdles and the loss of star playmaker Cam Edwards, while the surging Badgers look to capitalize on home-field momentum.

Sep 30 • 11:23 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com

Sugar Amplifies Damage Done to Gut Health by Antibiotics

/PRNewswire/ -- Eating sweets while taking antibiotics may worsen the harm done by the drugs to the normal community of bacteria in the gut, a new study found....

Sep 30 • 11:11 AM EDT • Health • prnewswire.com