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Two Key Steelers Declared Out for Sunday's Matchup vs. Patriots
Pittsburgh will head to Foxborough without a few important players.
Andoni Iraola drops massive hint about Liverpool's next signing
Ronald Araujo has been a revelation since his arrival in Merseyside, and the Uruguayan has established himself already. Although initially signed as a central defender Araujo has already made a compel...
Scientists transport antiprotons by road, store them in mobile vessel
Ninety-two trapped antiprotons have been transported outside the Antimatter Factory along a 4.66-mile route without particle loss or measurable degradation of the trap vacuum.
Barcelona star limps off with injury vs Sevilla
La Liga champions Barcelona have on Saturday been dealt a potential setback on the personnel front. This comes after Andreas Christensen was forced into an early departure from the club’s latest out...
2. Bundesliga: Former Fulham youngster Thorsteinsson extends Hertha’s perfect record
Hertha BSC returned to 2. Bundesliga summit with a comeback win in Dresden. Former Fulham youth team player Jón Dagur Thorsteinsson was the star of the show with his first brace in German football.Bo...
Elevance Health (ELV) Stock May Be Undervalued On Reaffirmed 2026 Guidance
Elevance Health has had a solid run over the past year, and the stock is now trading with recent news about its earnings outlook fresh in investors' minds. The core question is whether the current share price is warranted by the healthcare insurer's ability to keep converting its profit story into sustainable earnings per share. The stock has gained 33.6% over the past 12 months, which puts more weight on whether that move is supported by the underlying earnings power of the...
Czechs beat USA to qualify for Davis Cup finals
Jiri Lehecka downed Learner Tien in a deciding rubber as the Czech Republic stunned the United States 3-2 in Davis Cup qualifying for a second straight year, while South Korea
Could Jaguars' TEs Make Big Impact Against Broncos?
The Jacksonville Jaguars are seeking another road victory in Denver this Sunday. Look out for the tight ends and running backs to make a big impact.
Three Things We Learned From Brighton 3-0 Arsenal
Fabian Hürzeler’s high-intensity press dismantled the champions at the Amex as standout new signings and tactical fluidity exposed rare vulnerabilities in Mikel Arteta’s previously impenetrable defense.
Bengals News: Zac Taylor “Feels Good” about Joe Burrow
The Bengals head to Houston with a couple of questions.
Salma Hayek and Angelina Jolie share rare glimpse at their ‘connection’ and friendship
Salma Hayek and Angelina Jolie opened up about their bond, which grew stronger when they worked on ‘Without Blood’ together.
EB-2 NIW Green Card Case Study: Approval for Business and Wellness Professional from Venezuela
Business Executive and Wellness Professional Colombo & Hurd secured an EB-2 National Interest Waiver (NIW) green card for a business and wellness professional from Venezuela focused on mental wellness education, early awareness, and prevention. USCIS approved the EB-2 NIW petition without a Request for Evidence, and after the Adjustment of Status (AOS) process, the client received her green card and is now a permanent resident of the United States.
What We Learned in Gophers’ Blowout Over Akron
The Minnesota Gophers knocked off the Akron Zips on a dreary Saturday in Dinkytown... but there's a lot to fix entering B1G play.
A 35-Year-Old Is Facing A $19M Business Exit — But 70% Of The Value Is Tied To Real Estate
Selling a business for an estimated $19 million sounds like the hard part is already over. For one 35-year-old, though, figuring out what to do with the money may be just as complicated. About 70% of the value they expect...
Puzzle Rides marks a decade in Scottsdale
Katie Dufort was working on a combination during an escape-room outing with her daughter when an entirely different puzzle suddenly clicked into place.
Martha Stewart’s Business Manager Keep Questioning Her Spend on This One Guilty Pleasure
Martha Stewart will always splurge on this one thing… The businesswoman and TV personality admitted she always finds room in the budget for plants while speaking to Richard Christiansen about his new ...
Business Tech News: 86% Of Solopreneurs Try AI Before Hiring
SurveyMonkey, Autodesk, Claude, QuickBooks and FreshBooks roll out new AI, security and support tools aimed at helping small businesses work smarter.
Trump to create ‘AI Force’ to monitor technology as fears over out-of-control agents grow
President had brushed away suggestions to slow down AI technology, even as his own party counseled caution
The growing Dodgers 10-strikeout club
Tyler Glasnow on Friday night struck out 10 Giants in his six innings, his most in a start this season. Aside from securing Los Angeles-area folks a free Jumbo Jack with a purchase of a large drink for the 130th time this season and the 27th time in the last 28 days, Friday affirmed the […]
Galaxy S27 Pro and S27 Ultra reportedly getting major battery upgrade
Samsung’s Galaxy S27 Ultra and S27 Pro are expected to get major battery upgrades, with certification records pointing to typical capacities of about 5,700mAh and 5,200mAh, respectively. This would mark the most significant battery upgrade since the S20.
Gophers take care of business, beating Akron 41-7
It was a gloomy day in the Twin Cities and a lethargic crowd supported a Gopher team that moved to 2-1 as they head into Big Ten play. After a deflating loss to Mississippi State last week, the Gophers came out and did exactly what they were supposed to do, beating the Akron Zips 41-7. […]
"He does everything..." Michael Carrick Names Shea Lacey’s Standout Quality
Amidst a turbulent start for Manchester United, a historic goalscoring debut from Shea Lacey offers a glimpse of hope while earning high praise from club legend Michael Carrick.
Frankie Muniz’s estranged wife shares message about ‘perspective’ after actor’s ‘rock bottom’ post
The actor said on Friday that the past six weeks were like “a nightmare I’m praying to wake from.”
Frankie Muniz’s estranged wife shares message about ‘perspective’ after actor’s ‘rock bottom’ post
Frankie Muniz and his wife Paige Price filed for divorce earlier this year. They each shared posts about their life stages on Friday.
High school football: Top performers in the Southland
A look at the top performers from CIF City and Southern Section football games this week.
BSD YouTube Postgame Show: Penn State Blasts Buffalo
Penn State takes care of business against Buffalo in their final tune-up before Big Ten play begins next Saturday against Wisconsin. Tim, Jared, and Bennett will be going live around 3:20 PM EST to break it all down for you.
Farm Safety Week to Highlight Physical and Mental Health
If you think about farm safety, you may have images of tractors, grain bins, and other equipment in mind. But
Krösche and Hütter concede Freiburg outperformed Frankfurt
Eintracht Frankfurt ended SC Freiburg’s perfect start of the campaign with a 2-2 draw at Deutsche Bank Park on Saturday afternoon. However, Markus Krösche and Adi Hütter conceded that the hosts we...
Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in the epicenter of the outbreak
Health workers and other front-line workers in the Ebola response are being prioritized to receive the Ervebo vaccine that was effective in past Ebola outbreaks caused by a different, more common type of virus.
Patriots DC calls Darnell Washington a ‘big challenge’
The New England Patriots have plenty to prepare for as they get set to face the Pittsburgh Steelers, and tight end Darnell Washington presents a particularly difficult matchup. Patriots defensive coordinator Zak Kuhr singled out Washington as a “big challenge,” pointing to the fourth-year tight end’s rare combination of size, strength and athleticism. Washington has […]
Wisconsin vs Eastern Michigan football highlights at Camp Randall Stadium
Wisconsin is dominating Eastern Michigan in a Week 3 college football game Sept. 19 at Camp Randall Stadium. Check out our best photos.
Yankees Send Aaron Judge Back to the Injured List
The New York Yankees will once again be without their captain and reigning American League MVP, Aaron Judge. The team announced on Saturday morning that the 34-year-old will hit the 10-day injured list (retroactive to September 17th) due to a right calf strain. Judge only appeared in seven games after returning from a fractured rib …
Texas A&M Injury Report: Aggies Get Key Boost Against Kentucky
Texas A&M gets encouraging injury news before Kentucky, while the Wildcats will enter Kyle Field without two important defensive contributors.
Michael Pittman Jr. ruled out for Week 2
Michael Pittman Jr. downgraded to out following two missed practices with foot injury
Kaelon Black injury update: Will 49ers RB play vs. Dolphins?
One of the San Francisco 49ers breakout rookies from Week 1 may not be able to suit up in Week 2 when the 49ers host the Miami Dolphins.
Research suggests some voters using AI to help with midterms information
Researchers predict that more people will use AI to understand elections, and they find a mix of outcomes from voters using AI to understand elections.
Steelers, Aaron Rodgers will be without top player vs Patriots
The Steelers matchup vs. the Patriots just got a lot harder.
Florida health department confirms dengue as Tampa woman's cause of death
The 80-year-old was apparently the first person in the region killed by the mosquito-spread virus in nearly a century. There are signs the Hillsborough County outbreak could be waning.
Analysis: Moyes' Toffees moving in right direction
Manager David Moyes will be delighted at the start his Everton side have made to the campaign. The Toffees won none of their final seven games as they finished 13th last season and missed out on the European qualification that at one stage had been within their grasp. Everton also suffered a tough end to the transfer window, with key attacking midfielder Iliman Ndiaye going to Manchester City in a £65m deal and striker Beto, their top scorer last season, leaving for Fiorentina for £14.6m.
The ‘Hunter’s Supermoon’ Rises This Weekend — Here’s When To See It
Everything you need to know about October’s full Hunter’s Moon — including exactly when it turns full, which evening offers the clearest view and why it’s a supermoon.
Delivery Outlook Shows Tesla (TSLA)’s Core Business Under Pressure. Its Next Growth Engine Must Deliver
Goldman Sachs has cut its delivery forecast for Tesla, Inc. (NASDAQ:TSLA) while citing weaker sales trends across the company’s most important markets. The investment bank slashed its Q3 delivery forecast to 435,000 vehicles from 490,000. It also lowered its Q4 delivery forecast to 475,000 vehicles from 515,000. The question now is whether Tesla’s demand weakness […]
The Tax Rich Business Owners Skip That W-2 Workers Can’t: How S Corp Profits Escape the Medicare Surtax
A salaried nurse looks at her pay stub and sees Medicare tax coming out of every dollar she earns. It does not stop at a cap. Once her wages plus her spouse’s cross an income line, an extra ACA Medicare surcharge kicks in on top, and it also has no ceiling. There is no form […]
Analysis: Fearless Seagulls rewarded for attacking approach
Brighton came into this match as the league's top scorers and did not disappoint with their attacking mindset. Diego Gomez on the wing did an excellent job of keeping Riccardo Calafiori quiet, while Charalampos Kostoulas caused problems for the Gunners backline throughout. The 19-year-old Greece international deserved his excellent goal, which was his third in successive games, as he looks to show he can step up to be Brighton's main striker following Danny Welbeck's summer departure to Chelsea.
Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in the epicenter of the outbreak
Congo has begun vaccinating healthcare staff against Ebola in Bunia, the epicenter of the fastest-growing outbreak of the disease in history.
Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in the epicenter of the outbreak
BUNIA, Congo (AP) — Congo on Saturday began vaccinating healthcare staff against Ebola in Bunia, the epicenter of the fastest-growing outbreak of the disease in history as they are “particularly
Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in the epicenter of the outbreak
Congo has begun vaccinating healthcare staff against Ebola in Bunia, the epicenter of the fastest-growing outbreak of the disease in history.
Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in outbreak epicenter
Congo has begun vaccinating healthcare staff against Ebola in Bunia, the epicenter of the fastest-growing outbreak of the disease in history
Roberto De Zerbi Takes Responsibility After Aston Villa Defeat
Roberto De Zerbi took responsibility for Tottenham Hotspur’s 3-2 loss to Aston Villa, but he also raised concerns about his team’s defending, fitness, and leadership in a frank post-match press conference.
In January 2026, researchers completed a drilling project beneath 1,716 feet of ice in West Antarctica, recovering evidence of an ocean that once lay open to sunlight
The discovery rewrites Antarctica's climate history—and raises urgent questions about how quickly ice sheets can collapse.
President Trump on why he’s banning media outlets from the White House
President Trump said he would block MS NOW, CNN and Politico from White House grounds.
Fire Breaks Out in Tonya's Café & Bakeshop; Business Closed for 'Foreseeable Future'
An overnight fire at Tonya's Café & Bakeshop in Chapel Hill caused enough interior damage to indefinitely close the business.
Wanted: An Associate Attorney (5+ Years) and a Paralegal (10+ Years). Want to Put Us Out of Business? Come Help Us Try.
We need a lawyer who can find the defendant and a paralegal who can find the one page that matters. Marler Clark has been suing the companies that poison
Fran Pastore (opinion): 'The energy in Stamford is palpable'
'For companies throughout Stamford and Connecticut, the message is simple: investing in women entrepreneurs isn't charity. It's economic development.'
Training: Final prep for Sunderland clash
Check out images from training on the eve of our Etihad encounter with Sunderland. Match Preview City v Sunderland: Kick-off time and TV information The Black Cats head to Manchester for a 14:00 (UK) ...
MS NOW, CNN and Politico say their journalists were denied access to White House after Trump ban
Trump had said Friday he would ban all three outlets because of coverage he disliked.
Scientists Discover How the Brain Adapts When the Rules Suddenly Change
New study shows how the frontoparietal cortex manages information flow and guides responses. The frontoparietal cortex, the brain’s information hub, helps coordinate responses when circumstances change. While driving, for example, the brain must draw on a remembered route and the skills needed to operate the car while also responding to a street closure or changing
Here's how Apple circumvented the battery shipping restrictions for iPhone 18 Pro Max
Learn about this simple software trick that regulators hate. If you've been following the smartphone trends in recent years, you've probably noticed that...
Opponent Preview: Huskies Set to Take On Eastern Washington
Here's what to know about the Washington Huskies' Week Three opponent, the Eastern Washington Eagles.
Beyond the Headlines: Don Davis discusses health care, rural needs and District 1 race
U.S. Rep. Don Davis sat down with News 12 for a wide-ranging Beyond the Headlines interview about issues affecting North Carolina's 1st Congressional District a
Olympic Council of Asia President wants to keep politics out of Asian Games
The buildup to the Aichi-Nagoya Games has been overshadowed by complaints from national team delegations over organizational issues.
Thousands join protest outside Kennedy Center, expressing concern that Trump might tear it down
Friday's event followed a tumultuous week in federal courts in Washington where filings and counter-filings flooded the courts as the administration continues pushing for the president’s vanity projects.
Voices: Mental health awareness and suicide prevention
We’re talking about mental health awareness and suicide prevention. A mother, who lost her son to suicide, speaks to Jawan about possible warning signs. Jawan also sits down with a psychiatrist about possible resources for loved ones
"Chill Out a Bit": FOX Sports Broadcaster Calls Out Dak Prescott on Live TV After Cowboys' QB Questions Fans
Dallas Cowboys went 7-9-1 in 2025 and missed the playoffs for a second straight season, so a 0-1 start this season after losing to the New York Giants was always going to test the patience of the Cowboys Nation. That is the backdrop for Dak Prescott’s comments this week, when asked about a fan’s disappointment.
UNC's next home football game officially sold out
UNC hosts Notre Dame on October 3 in what should be a college football thriller. It'll be tough to get a ticket to that early-fall clash.
Key Injuries for Patriots, Steelers Could Determine Sunday’s Outcome
The New England Patriots and Pittsburgh Steelers are in jeopardy of missing key contributors that could affect the outcome of Sunday’s matchup.
Tropical disease spread by mosquitoes claims first recorded death in southern US state
Gay Small died on her 80th birthday from dengue after a mosquito bite near her Tampa home, the Florida Department of Health confirmed Friday.
Automated floor scrubber purchased for DNMS
At its Sept. 14 meeting, the USD 260 board of education approved the purchase of an automated floor scrubber for Derby North Middle School, as outlined in the 2026-2027 capital
Steelers rebuild offense in 2027 NFL mock draft update
We updated our Steelers five-round mock draft heading into Week Two of the regular season and it's all about rebuilding the offense.
The Surprising Mental Health Benefit of Coffee That Has Nothing to Do With Caffeine
In a small study, 20 students reported improvements in mood after smelling freshly brewed coffee for five minutes without drinking it.
Scott Gardner: We were solid in every department
Leeds United Under-21s put in an impressive performance at home to Newcastle United Under-21s, controlling the game throughout to secure three valuable points.Goals from Josh McDonald and Freddie Lane...
Ravens - Saints: How to Watch, Predictions, and More
Everything to know about the Baltimore Ravens' home opener against the New Orleans Saints.
West Bend run/walk raising awareness for substance abuse prevention and mental health
A West Bend run/walk is bringing families and the community together to raise awareness about substance abuse and mental health.
49ers vs. Dolphins prediction: A vintage Christian McCaffrey performance
Are the Niners poised for another blowout?
Rob Dillingham Named Chicago Bulls' Top 2026-27 Breakout Candidate
An overlooked Bulls youngster has a chance to ascend this season.
What Wake Forest Said After the Miami Loss
Playing with heart is important in college football. Playing with guts and determination matters. Playing with an inability to cut down your own penalties gets you beat, particularly by one of the top teams in the country. Wake Forest had a 31-7 deficit at the hands of Miami Friday night at Allegacy Stadium. They outscored …
Kansas State vs Tulane: 2026 Game 3
A big test is out of the way. Can the Wildcats avoid stumbling again against the Green Wave?
Ten-man Jersey Bulls held to Winchester City draw
Ten-man Jersey Bulls are held to a 0-0 draw at Winchester City as they return to action in Isthmian League South Central.
Harvey Barnes makes Newcastle history with quickfire assists ⚡️
Newcastle have jumped out to a lightning-fast start against Hull City on Saturday, taking a 2-0 lead inside seven minutes.And while he isn't on the scoresheet, you have to give credit to Newcastle win...
Bar Harbor Parents Again Raise Concerns About How Some Science Education In Sixth Grade.
The Bar Harbor Story is generously sponsored by Restaurant Barn. BAR HARBOR—Parents again raised concerns this week about how Bar Harbor students receive science instruction after fifth grade, months after the same issue came before the Bar Harbor School Board. The concern centers on a past scheduling change at Conners Emerson School that gives fifth graders a full year of science rather than switching between science and social studies at midyear. Principal Dr. Heather Weir Webster told the board that the school has been monitoring test scores, teacher feedback, and the experience of students as it considers whether the current approach is working. If it is not, the approach may be changed, but that would not likely occur this school year. In fifth and sixth grade, the school used to have one semester of social studies and one of science in each year. That schedule shifted because switching at midyear often broke up the learning units. So, approximately two-three years ago, they decided to shift that a bit. Science became a dedicated focus in fifth grade. Social studies was the dedicated focus in sixth grade. The school staff members are hoping to dive deeply into the data and see if the students are having a more quality experience throughout their time in those grades when it comes to science and social studies. If not, things could shift again. This year, Dr. Webster said at the September meeting, potential changes to curricula have been a bit complicated by moving into the school’s new building in late October and early November. “There have been no changes this year because it’s hard enough to handle the move. That allows them to have consistency,” Dr. Webster said. Dr. Webster said that after the Covid pandemic which prevented students from attending school in person, many fifth graders were struggling. “We tried several different configurations,” she said, including a co-teaching model to help with that struggle, but to also see how to best schedule and support those students. “We found that a January switch” where classes switched from social studies to science was really difficult. Part of the decision making stemmed from science being more hands-on and accessible to fifth graders. Social studies was a bit more abstract content, which was why the school tried the current configuration. In a letter submitted as public comment, parent Beth Dumont wrote, “In May 2026, I wrote to express my concern that our middle school students are not receiving consistent instruction in science and social studies. I appreciate that the Board took this concern seriously and requested a presentation from Principal Webster. I am also grateful for the opportunity to meet with Principal Webster and Julie Keblinsky in July to learn more about the current curriculum and scheduling. “During that meeting, I learned that the current model is intended to integrate science and social studies into other subjects during the years or semesters when they are not offered as standalone courses. “While I appreciate the intent behind this model, I remain concerned about its premise. Science and social studies are core academic disciplines that provide students with essential knowledge, skills, and ways of thinking. Yet under the current schedule, students are not guaranteed consistent instructional time in these subjects. Instead, exposure to content in these disciplines may depend on whether opportunities for integration arise within other classes. “To be clear, I strongly support interdisciplinary learning. Integrating science and social studies across the curriculum can enrich students’ educational experiences and help them make meaningful connections across subject areas. My concern is not with integration itself, but with relying on integration as a substitute for dedicated instruction in core disciplines.” Dr. Webster said that they’ve been monitoring test scores, talking to teachers, seeing how the pilot program works. It’s in its third year now of this schedule. One science teacher, she said, told her he’d seen positive outcomes with full year science and that there was a stronger classroom community. Another science teacher had concerns over the readiness last year, but she isn’t feeling that way about this year’s current class. A third teacher for social studies said he loves the full year. A fourth teacher of social studies hasn’t said that anything has changed. For the three fathers who spoke at the school committee meeting, the fractured science curriculum caused concerns. One father said that when he spoke to others, “all were surprised and confused as to why there was no dedicated, continuous science education,” at the school. Though students are testing well in science and math, he worried that without continuity in education, learning is lost. “We shouldn’t have to choose between key learning disciplines,” he said. Matthew Bergin, another father, agreed, adding, “I’m just a little concerned.” In her letter, Dumont wrote, “As the parent of a recent sixth grader who completed an entire year without a dedicated science course, I saw very little evidence that this integration was occurring in a consistent, systematic, or readily identifiable way. This is not a criticism of our middle school teachers, who have been uniformly excellent. Rather, it is a structural criticism of the current schedule.” Dr. Webster gave an update about all aspects of the schedule and how it’s created and she also spoke to social and emotional learning (SEL) in middle school. It’s explicitly taught but also embedded. Science is embedded as well and explicitly taught at all but that one grade. The school schedule is built from lunch out, then electives like art and physical education are placed, before going into the instruction time, teacher planning time, multi-tier support systems (MTSS), and then social and emotional learning. Teachers have to have 250 minutes a week of planning time per their contracts. That’s the minimum and occurs when their students are at specials. “The schedule is really not the purview of the board,” School Board Chair Marie Yarborough reminded the other board members and the public and thanked Dr. Webster for the presentation. The parents were also thanked for coming. LINK TO LEARN MORE [ ](https://barharborstory.substack.com/p/despite-strong-rankings-some-bar) [ Despite Strong Rankings, Some Bar Harbor Parents Raise Concerns About School's Science Education ](https://barharborstory.substack.com/p/despite-strong-rankings-some-bar) Carrie Jones · Jun 4 [ Read full story ](https://barharborstory.substack.com/p/despite-strong-rankings-some-bar) HELP SUPPORT THE BAR HARBOR STORY When we started The Bar Harbor Story, we didn’t know if anyone would read it. But you showed up. You shared. You sent tips. Now—over 400,000 views every month later—it’s clear: people here care about their community and each other. We’ve kept everything free because news should never be out of reach, but every one of our stories takes time to write, and your support keeps The Bar Harbor Story going. If you value our work, please consider a paid subscription, a founding membership, or a sponsorship. It truly helps us cover one more meeting, tell one more story, shine one more light. Even $5 a month makes a difference. Click here to become a one-time supporter now. Thank you so much for being here. Founding member information can be found here. Have questions about sponsorships? Just send Shaun an email at sfarrar86@gmail.com, he’d love to hear from you. Subscribe Share Bar Harbor Story Share Leave a comment
Enjoy Mud Hens Opening Day, Walleye game, and Hensville entertainment all in one
Some days bring Toledo together. This one brings the entire city downtown. On Friday, March 26, 2027, we're launching the first-ever Fins and Feathers Festival. It all starts with Mud Hens Opening Day, continues with live music and entertainment throughout Hensville, and concludes with a Toledo Walleye game that night.
Scientists Discover First Known Adult T. Rex Trackway in North Dakota
A high school teacher recently came across a T. rex footprint while walking through North Dakota. Scientists say the discovery turned out to be the first known trackway likely made by an adult T. rex....
Oregon's Donte Moore Gets Promising NFL Draft Outlook Despite Struggles
The tools are still there for Donte Moore.
Trump administration starts building border wall in Big Bend region of Texas, despite heavy opposition from landowners, businesses and ranchers
“We will continue to fight for this land no matter what the outcome is. We will continue fighting to the end.”
How Best to Appreciate Paleolithic Cave Art
Of course, the experience wouldn’t be really complete without simulating the threat of a cave bear trapping the artists.
Steelers CB Joey Porter Jr. ruled out vs. Patriots
Per the Pittsburgh Steelers’ Friday injury report, cornerback Joey Porter Jr. (NIR/conditioning/back) is out for Sunday’s matchup with the New England Patriots.
Samsung Confirms Free Feature Upgrade For Millions Of Galaxy Phones
Samsung has officially confirmed One UI 9 is rolling out to Galaxy S26 phones today with 11 new features. Here's what's new and how to get the update.
Francis Mauigoa gave the Giants their cleanest Week 1 surprise
One clean number jumped out from the Giants‘ opener: Francis Mauigoa did not allow a pressure over 36 pass-blocking snaps. […]
The Big Holes in Wearable Heart Rate Variability And Readiness Scores
On September 9th, Apple announced it was revamping its Apple Watch Health Sensing System, rolling out a Readiness score (0 to 10), and increasing the frequency of heart rate variability (HRV) outputs 24-fold. This can be viewed as upping its competition with various other consumer wearable sensors. These “readiness scores” as a composite of multiple metrics, with heart rate variability (HRV) being front and center for most. The majority of Americans are now using wearable sensors, which equates to well over 100 million adults. HRV and Readiness scores are increasingly being marketed as a measurement of autonomic nervous system health, a digital marker for future disease, a clock for biological age, and a holistic metric to promote healthspan and even longevity. (Apple also introduced a new longevity tab and “Health Age”.) None of this has been proven. In this edition of Ground Truths I am going to review what we know about heart rate variability and readiness scores. Heart Rate Variability HRV is the variation in normal heart cycle timing. The variability of the heart rate, the barely perceptible millisecond changes in time between consecutive heart beats (see R-R intervals in the Figure below, left panel), is due to interplay between the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal nerve) inputs. Distinct from heart rate, individuals with the same heart rate can have very different HRVs. It is a rough reflection of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, inadequate to say whether a person’s ANS function is abnormal. For more than three decades, heart rate variability (HRV) has been measured and several studies have found an association of low HRV and clinical outcomes, particularly a link with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. There have also been less well established links of low HRV to risk of early cognitive impairment, dementia, mental illness, Type 2 diabetes and substance abuse. An important reminder is that HRV is a surrogate marker without any established cause-and-effect relationship. If you increase your HRV, that doesn’t mean it will improve health outcomes. In fact, there is no hard evidence for that. All that work linking to health outcomes was done with electrocardiogram (ECG) derived HRV. Now, in the era of consumer wearables, this is getting assessed differently, by optical pulse (yes, the lights you see) plethysmography (PPG) or what is called pulse rate variability (PRV). They are not the same, as shown below (right panel) and only concordant when the delay between the ECG and pulse is kept constant, which basically means at rest. I should mention there’s also what I will call MPV, a mattress mechanical movement sensor, a derived heart rate variability, that companies like Eight Sleep use, even further away from directly measuring HRV. HRV has not one uniform measurement but many different types of quantification, such as RMSSD, the magnitude of difference between successive R-R intervals of normal sinus beats (N-N) or SDNN, the standard deviation of NN intervals, both in milliseconds. SDNN is one of the so-called frequency domain HRVs (others are LF, HF, LF/HF). Different wearable sensors use different metics; Apple has relied on SDNN and nearly all of the others use RMSSD, which is generally considered the more accurate metric. There’s also the different length of time measured, such as for a matter of minutes, all day, or an overnight’s sleep. Short measurements are especially problematic since they don’t capture enough of respiratory modulation and other factors that influence HRV. Share Ground Truths How well does HRV correlate with PRV? There are very limited studies, especially independently done. One that is commonly cited was conducted by Air Force researchers in only 13 healthy adults assessing Oura ring 3 and 4, Whoop 4.0, and Garmin Fenix 6 and showed a correlation coefficient of 0.88 to 0.97 and a mean absolute percentage error from 6 to 10%. The correlation is not a perfect 1.0, but there’s at least a fairly high level of correlation. HRV is supposed to increase during the night due to takeover of the parasympathetic nervous system, and higher during deep sleep. A recent example of my 1 week, all day “HRV,” and one during sleep is shown below. As you can see, the N of 1 data are inconsistent for the same days from different sensors (Oura, AppleWatch, Fitbit Air, and Eight Sleep) by patterns, absolute numbers, and comparison with prior days and weeks. The largest study in over 8 million Fitbit users (the old version, not Google Fitbit Air, introduced in May 2026) gives you a sense of the effect of age, sex, and the 2 different main HRV (here PRV) metrics, with RMSSD on the left and SDRR (=SDNN) on the right below. That study, from data collected in 2018, is a major outlier, since all the more recent ones are tiny with respect to sample size. Many of the companies have not had independent evaluation of their HRV, such as Eight Sleep, but have published a low standard error on their website. There are some other published studies on the correlation between HRV and PRV, but they are all small and only in healthy adults. A scoping review emphasized the lack of study in underrepresented individuals, including the aged, people of color (which affects the PPG signal), and individuals who are underweight or obese. Add the typical adult age 60 plus with one or more chronic diseases. For example, one study in over 900 adults found poor correlation of HRV and PRV, non-uniformly underestimated across many chronic diseases (cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, respiratory, and others), concluding PRV is “an invalid surrogate for HRV.” A recent systematic review of 43 studies comparing HRV and PRV found reasonable pooled absolute standardized error (HRV as gold standard) but only 10 of the studies provided quantitative synthesis in ideal conditions. Their main conclusion was similarly cautious: “PPG-derived HRV [PRV] should not be regarded as universally interchangeable with ECG-derived HRV across all devices, populations, and recording contexts.” Factors Affecting HRV and PRV That gets me to the long list of factors that affect HRV (and PRV) besides the device, the type of measurement (RMSSD, SDNN or others), the person’s signal, the sensor site, the duration of data capture, if weighting by sleep stage is used, how artifact is processed and corrected. And this list is not complete!: Oura puts out data from their community of users (who input data) on what affects their overnight HRV. The factors currently provided are: no alcohol (increase 8%), melatonin (increase 2%, float tank (increase 2%), wine (decrease 4%), and party (decrease 14%) in overnight HRV. Must be some big parties! Subscribe What is a PRV measurement good for? It has been falsely characterized as an index of “autonomic balance” and a specific indicator of stress. A 2018 review of the studies available for HRV and its relationship to stress, not using any of the current wearables, found that stress can lower HRV. But so can many other factors. The non-specificity of the signal, indexed to the table above, is striking. Evidence from a UK Biobank study of over 46,000 participants with actual HRV looked at genetically predicted HRV, a genetic risk score, that failed to show the expected HRV-mortality link, indicating that _HRV is likely not causa_l, but rather a reflection of person’s physiologic state. A review of consumer wearable HRV data from 5 longitudinal studies showed that nighttime PRV was not associated with perceived stress, and surprisingly higher HRV, in the largest cohort (N=717 participants), was correlated with higher stress. An Oura ring cohort of 525 first-year college students found a link between overnight PRV and perceived stress, but that was also seen with resting heart rate, sleep, and respiratory rate. Several very small studies have examined the relationship of HRV and athletic injuries or guiding training with mixed, and predominantly negative results. HRV biofeedback training with paced breathing had no significant effect on reducing stress or raising HRV, as demonstrated with sham controlled trials. When HRV for multiple days showed a decline in conjunction with body temperature, the Oura ring published data for prediction of Covid. The WHOOP company sponsored an observational study, published in 2026, of 30,000 users for 72 weeks, without a control group, that reported reduced alcohol intake (5.8 % points) by self-report. That doesn’t tell us much, and particularly about the merits of HRV for behavioral change. If you use the same device and conditions as longitudinal trends for multiple (at least 2-3) weeks that may be the one way to get something useful from the measurements. Data for overnight sleep with minimal motion and using RMSSD is the best proxy for real HRV. The reason to look at trends rather than any given night is that it more likely represents something, even though you won’t know with certainty what the “it” is. Keep in mind there are no data, no peer-reviewed evidence, to show that HRV fluctuation in-person has any correlation with health outcomes. Share Readiness Scores These are proprietary scores that integrate different metrics for each of the wearables: no algorithms have been disclosed. They are unvalidated against health outcomes. In a review of 14 composite health scores of readiness and recovery, HRV contributed 86% to the scores, followed by reading heart rate (79%), physical activity and sleep duration (both at 71%). That review noted the substantial variability in measurement protools and lack of standardization. Sleep staging is notoriously inconsistent and inaccurate by these sensors, which adds further to the HRV uncertainties for what the scores, which use sleep stage data, mean. Only resting heart rate has been shown consistently across devices to be extremely accurate. I’ve made a Table to summarize what we know about which metrics are included, the scores, any peer-reviewed studies that compared the readiness score with health outcomes, and the corresponding (if any, NA-not available) citation. You will note that some companies do not use the term “readiness," such as WHOOP for recovery, and Garmin, which has 2 different scores, one of which is Body Battery. Eight Sleep uses the term “Fitness Score.” They all include HRV; Apple includes a new metric they call “Recovery HRV” which among other components uses 7-days of sleep, but it is unclear what this means or how it is differentiated from other scores (there are clearly no data for outcomes). We have no knowledge of how the different components are weighted or whether any of these scores are better than resting heart rate, HRV alone, physical activity, or any other single metric. Since none of these are standardized, they are not interchangeable, so if you get a 90 for Oura that has no relationship to a 90 on a Google Fitbit Air. Notably, the company can update its algorithm for readiness score at any point without notification to device users. Without any useful evidence of actionability for these scores or established relationship with health outcomes, it is hard to make a case for their value. At the Apple recent announcement they showed their Readiness score (0-10) on the watch (Figure below) but there are no published data on this score, not even on their website. It’s available only on their new Watch Series 12 or Ultra 4 [of course, ;-)]. That exemplifies the problems with these scores, lack of data and evidence for being meaningful to promote health. Perhaps the best study (which isn’t saying much) is the WHOOP Recovery for golfer performance, because it did correlate with an objective outcome, even though there was no control group and the authors were all from the company. Among the 389 pro golfers, an absolute 10-per cent point increase in Recovery score was associated with about 0.5 fewer strokes per round. But that’s hardly a health outcome! WHOOP is also conducting a study in over 2,700 runners to see if their recovery score will be linked to less injuries and improved performance, but that is not yet published and has no control group or randomization. Putting This in Context For two decades I’ve been enthusiastic about the potential for digital health and particularly wearable biosensors. Over the years, we’ve seen some great progress for their ability to promote physical activity and accurately detect atrial fibrillation (the first FDA cleared deep learning AI for consumers). That work was the subject of rigorous research. But there are holes in the data and evidence for other metrics. One notable one is the “VO2 max” story that I wrote about earlier this year. At that time many subscribers asked me to cover heart rate variability, which I finally got to here. When I dived into the research and publication for HRV and readiness scores, I expected to find at least some that were of high quality and demonstrated their utility by linkage to health outcomes. To my surprise, I found none. The wearable sensor measurements for HRV (PRV) are, for the most part, accurate, but that validation work has only been done in small studies of healthy adults and does not take into account the long list of factors, from the device, software side, and the user side, that affect HRV measurements. Moreover, this metric chiefly relies on optical sensing and, as we have learned for heart rate PPG sensing, may be less accurate in people of color. Keep in mind that all of the health outcome association evidence comes from ECG-derived HRV; none are from wearable sensor data. I will repeat the key point: there's no peer-reviewed evidence to show that in-person HRV fluctuation—or efforts to raise your HRV— has any correlation with health outcomes. For those of you who look at your HRV on awakening, or even 2+ week trends of it being low, I hope this context helps to relieve any anxiety. Yes, low HRV (not PRV) has been shown to increase risk of some diseases as summarized above. But efforts to raise your HRV—a surrogate metric— has not been established for improving any health outcomes. HRV does not have any evidence of causality (the genetic evidence actually goes against this possibility). In this summary, I have not included data for other wearable sensors such as Polar, Samsung, Withings, Suunto, Amazfit, Coros, Ultrahuman, or additional mattress sensors. These are beyond my first-hand experience, and as far as I know from my in-depth review none have any peer-reviewed published data that differ from the 6 sensors I’ve reviewed here. From the points I’ve gone over above, we’re not ready for readiness scores. Besides being proprietary, they are predominantly based on metrics that have their own issues. It’s compounding the problem, like building a house without a solid foundation that has never undergone a rigorous inspection, and then selling it. Like I mentioned for PRV, you can look at trends over weeks rather than any single day, to get a handle, but even that may not be helpful. There’s simply no evidence that these scores meaningfully relate to health outcomes. I’d emphasize they might, but that requires doing prospective or randomized studies to prove it. None exist. There’s great promise for HRV/PRV utility_. For example**,**_ Prof Maiken Nedergaard, who discovered the brain glymphatics that are essential in eliminating metabolic waste products from the brain during sleep, has posited that HRV could be a non-invasive marker for neuromodulator oscillations, brain-body regulatory circuits, and brain clearance. That would be extremely useful, but like everything else on HRV and readiness scores it requires solid research and validation. The lay media isn’t helping much to get the story straight. Earlier this year The Economist published a piece entitled “The most useful indicator of your overall health” which ordained HRV as an “accumulated stress score.” That’s akin to the false assertion about VO2max: “V02 max is the singular most powerful marker for longevity.” As I’ve summarized here, that is not established. The fact is that so many things can lower HRV, including physical exercise (especially an intense workout), reduced sleep quality, stress, the list above, no less the device, signal, and software. Whatever fluctuations observed have not been correlated with any health outcome. Sadly, “datamaxxers” are widely using HRV and readiness scores that have never been validated to mean anything. We already know that for some people using the sensors for sleep metrics, it can induce “orthosomnia,” an obsession to get high sleep quality, with associated high levels of anxiety. In an experiment done by a company to promote sleep quality for its employees, “For those employees who did use the trackers, many reported feeling perfectly rested until their tracker told them they had had a terrible night. Others were told that they had slept like a baby when they had actually been lying awake worrying about the quality of their sleep. “ The same problem can result from preoccupation with HRV or readiness scores, with anxiety that would lead to further reduction in both. It you are using a wearable like >100 million American adults, it’s OK to look at these data, but contextualized with the major caveats reviewed here. If you are one to require evidence that HRV or readiness scores are linked to health outcomes, you may not even want to look. The companies make it hard to turn them off! Let me end with the companies that make and sell wearables. Apple’s doubling down on HRV (24-fold more reporting and heart rate very 5 seconds) and introduction of a Readiness score tells us that consumers have bought into these metrics and they are joining the club. However, all of this is occurring with a backdrop of tens millions of users, claims about the data that are not backed up by adequate evidence, marketing way out in front of whatever limited data exists, and not being transparent about their readiness score algorithms. The companies can well afford to do the research that is needed to connect these metrics with health outcomes show, once and for all, that increasing HRV or using readiness scores promotes our health. If they believed and invested in the products they are selling, we’d not be in this position of not knowing. That’s essentially where we are with HRV and readiness scores. Perhaps someday this will change and we’ll have good reason to embrace them. NB: I wrote this post. No AI. I have no conflicts of interest with any of its content. Loading... Ground Truths has 215,000 subscribers from every US state and 214 countries. 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