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RFK Jr.’s Push to Curb Antidepressants Has Shaken Psychiatry
An annual psychiatric meeting was abuzz over Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s call to rein in the use of depression medications. Some fear it will drive patients away from care.
New Iowa behavioral health hospital aims to address mental healthcare shortage
A state-of-the-art facility opening in Council Bluffs in June is expected to help boost services and inpatient psychiatric care beds in a more peaceful setting.
Psycho-cardiovascular interaction network links mental health and heart disease
A new review proposes the psycho-cardiovascular interaction network (PCIN), a framework that links psychological and psychiatric factors with cardiovascular health and disease. The review integrates epidemiological evidence, system-level mechanisms, and molecular signaling pathways to explain how depression, anxiety, chronic stress, and other mental health conditions may contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and vice versa. It focuses on five representative pathways—brain-derived neurotr
New UMSOM Research Shows Promising Results for Health Care Professionals Using Ketogenic Diet Therapy to Treat Mental Illness
Specialized high-fat, low carbohydrate diets, known as ketogenic metabolic therapy, are showing promising therapeutic benefits for certain mental illnesses in emerging research. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine’s Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC) shows that an immersive training program can improve health care provider confidence in using a ketogenic dietary treatment plan for their patients.
Surprising Mental Health Effects of GLP-1 Weight Loss Drugs
GLP-1 medications may be used to treat select psychiatric disorders.
Study finds link between neighborhood opportunity and mental health-related hospitalizations in youths
The study, published in the journal Psychiatric Services, is the first to examine relationships between neighborhood opportunity and specific mental health-related diagnoses and hospitalizations at a population level.
Californian criminal suspects can trade prison for psychiatric care. Is it working?
Californians accused of crimes can receive mental health treatment rather than prison time. Lawmakers are revamping the rules following reports of violent offenses.
Jail should not be the only option for kids in mental-health crisis
States need to reverse the decline of residential psychiatric treatment options for youth, before juvenile detention becomes the default alternative.
GLP-1 Drugs and Mental Health: Effects on Depression and Anxiety
GLP-1 receptor agonists affect pathways involved in mood, appetite, and reward, prompting research into their potential benefits for depression, substance use disorders, and binge eating. Psychiatric treatment benefits remain unproven, while conflicting observational findings and reassuring trial evidence require careful interpretation.
WV Department of Health looks to improve state psychiatric hospitals
The West Virginia Department of Health Facilities is working to improve the state’s psychiatric hospitals.
Woman’s Perinatal Mental Health Unit leads a new approach to maternal mental health
The Perinatal Mental Health Unit at Woman’s Hospital is being honored with a Community Impact Award for its work establishing mental health care for pregnant and postpartum women. The award is part of Business Report’s inaugural Excellence in Healthcare Awards. The hospital opened the Perinatal Mental Health Unit, Louisiana’s first inpatient psychiatric unit dedicated exclusively […]
State tries to shut down Evanston psychiatric facility after string of crimes and violations
The state of Illinois is trying to close Albany Care in Evanston, a home for about 170 people with mental health and substance abuse issues. The facility is appealing the order.
How laughter can help improve your mental health
They say laughter is the best medicine, but can adding a dose of humor to your life actually improve your mental well-being? According to the Journal of Psychiatric Research, the answer is yes.
HHSC, UT Southwestern Medical Center Celebrate Opening of New Psychiatric Hospital in Dallas | Texas Health and Human Services
HHSC and UT Southwestern Medical Center hosted a ribbon-cutting ceremony to celebrate the opening of the Texas Behavioral Health Center in Dallas.
NC-STeP Pediatric Program receives national recognition for advancing pediatric mental health care
Recognition highlights innovation to connect pediatric patients to timely, specialized psychiatric treatment
Pelic named interim executive director of Student Health Services
He steps into role leading student health initiatives Pelic most recently served as executive director of psychiatric, counseling and well-being services
The surprising new idea that is reshaping how we think about ADHD
Scientists are starting to uncover the links between being a night owl and some neuropsychiatric conditions.
An Indiana psychiatric hospital chain promised reform. Allegations of abuse and neglect continued
A psychiatric hospital chain based in Indiana says a 2022 leadership change brought major improvements. But WFYI found allegations of a patient death, abuse and serious safety violations continued — while state oversight agencies rarely acted.
MD Health Department fined $4.7M so far for delayed psychiatric care
Maryland is scheduled to approve a six-figure payment after the Department of Health failed to provide prompt psychiatric care to criminal defendants, an ongoing issue that has racked up a cost of $4.7 million.
Endometriosis diagnosis linked to long-lasting mental health burden
Women who are later diagnosed with endometriosis have a markedly higher use of antidepressant and anxiety medication and are far more often in contact with psychiatric hospital departments than other ...
UConn Health adding 37 positions to stabilize children’s psychiatric hospital
UConn Health Solnit staffing plans add 37 positions at the Middletown psychiatric hospital amid ongoing safety, facility and regulatory challenges.
Ask the Intern: Dhruv Shah at Catholic Health Mercy Hospital
The master's student in mental health counseling at NYU is building his clinical experience in the psychiatric unit
As Springfield weighs annexation request, regional behavioral health needs hang in the balance
Springfield councilors will ponder an annexation request that would set the stage for Oregon’s first behavioral health campus that has both a psychiatric hospital and stabilization center on site.
Alto Neuroscience Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results and Recent Business Highlights
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif., May 13, 2026--Alto Neuroscience, Inc. ("Alto") (NYSE: ANRO), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of novel precision medicines for neuropsychiatric disorders, today reported financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, and highlighted recent progress across its pipeline of clinical-stage product candidates.
UC Davis Health introduces five-day accelerated treatment for severe depression
UC Davis Health has added an accelerated treatment approach for depression at its Advanced Psychiatric Therapeutics (APT) clinic in East Sacramento.
My wait for a psychiatric bed in Denver highlights this nation’s overburdened system (Opinion)
Just before my birthday, a Denver doctor placed me on an involuntary 72-hour mental health hold. What came next wasn’t treatment but a drawn-out search for a bed, as the U.S. grapples with a shortage for those in crisis.
Choate workers’ union files lawsuit to block state from gutting mental health facility
ANNA — The labor union representing hundreds of employees at Choate Mental Health and Developmental Center has filed a lawsuit challenging the state’s planned downsizing of the facility, arguing Gov. JB Pritzker’s administration failed to follow state laws governing reductions in healthcare services, the closure of state facilities and the preservation of psychiatric beds. ...
StarCare Specialty Health System expanding local access to mental health care
The expanded facility at Aspen Ave. and East 19th St. now features 60 inpatient psychiatric beds, doubling its previous capacity of 30 beds.
As political giving mounted, lawmakers backed mental health center
The Katie Blessing Center will provide much-needed psychiatric beds for kids. But campaign donations tied to its backers are drawing scrutiny.
My Search for a Psychiatric Bed in an Overburdened Health System
Over the past 70 years, the number of inpatient psychiatric beds has dropped dramatically, leaving many without critical care when they experience mental health crises. I was one of the lucky ones to get a bed — after 21 hours of waiting.
Mental health conditions after trauma linked to higher cardiovascular risk
Research Highlights: A large study in Denmark suggests that people who were diagnosed with a variety of psychiatric disorders after traumatic events were more likely to have increased future cardiovascular risks, such as non-fatal heart attack and...
How students can find therapy and other mental health resources
About 70% of college students experienced a mental health concern in the past year, according to a 2026 national survey from United Healthcare. The University of Georgia Counseling and Psychiatric
An ER wait can worsen a mental health crisis. Hampton offers another option.
Local responders say Riverside’s psychiatric emergency department helps people in crisis reach specialized care sooner, as Virginia expands options beyond medical emergency rooms.
Penn State Health unifies psychiatric and behavioral health services to expand access across central Pennsylvania
Penn State Health has consolidated all psychiatric and behavioral health services under a single identity, integrating former Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute inpatient and outpatient services to…
New federal designation expands community-based mental health care in Central Vermont
After a series of cuts to inpatient psychiatric care, Washington County Mental Health Services is expanding community-based services.
The Case for a Psychiatric Deprescribing Clinic
Psychiatric medication prescribing practices have come under scrutiny since the Trump administration announced its plan to crack
Despite Mayor Brandon Johnson campaign promise, 911 mental health response team flounders
Throughout his 2023 mayoral campaign, Brandon Johnson championed a progressive vision of sending teams of mental health clinicians instead of police officers to help people suffering from psychiatric emergencies. But since he took office…
Mangione lawyers abandon psychiatric defense over health CEO’s killing
Legal team of alleged gunman, 28, reverses position on ‘extreme emotional disturbance’ defense after one day
Poitras Center to fuel early careers of 50 young scientists dedicated to psychiatric disorders research
Patricia and James Poitras launched a fellowship program for MIT graduate students and postdocs studying major mental illness, expanding their philanthropy to directly support early-career scientists.
Veterans' mental health challenges
For many veterans, coming home does not mean leaving the impact of military service behind. As we approach the 25th anniversary of 9/11, it is important to recognize the mental health struggles many veterans face—often without treatment. Rawle Andrews jr., executive director of the American Psychiatric Association Foundation, discusses this with Good Day Austin.
The Lindsay Clancy case shows the limits of postpartum psychiatry
“Our understanding and treatment of postpartum psychiatric illnesses remain profoundly inadequate,” experts write.
Children's Hospital Colorado sees 65% spike in mental health ER visits
Inpatient psychiatric admissions are also increasing.
Reeves awards $32 million in federal funds to develop healthcare workforce and psychiatric services
Gov. Tate Reeves on Wednesday awarded $32 million for healthcare workforce development and psychiatric emergency services as a part of a federal program to improve rural healthcare.
UVA Health offers guidance on stopping psychiatric medications
A new effort at UVA Health is tackling a question many patients ask: when is it safe to stop taking psychiatric medications?
Ozempic and Wegovy may have an unexpected mental health benefit
Semaglutide, the drug behind Ozempic and Wegovy, may have benefits that extend well beyond weight loss and diabetes. In a large Swedish study of nearly 15,000 people with bipolar disorder, its use was linked to a 21% lower risk of psychiatric hospitalization. Researchers think effects on inflammation and brain-related biological pathways could help stabilize mood, though other GLP-1 drugs did not show the same association.
The Case for a Psychiatric Deprescribing Clinic
Psychiatric medication prescribing practices have come under scrutiny since the Trump administration announced its plan to crack
UCLA Health addresses healthcare accessibility issues for Spanish speakers
Three UCLA Health initiatives are working to make healthcare more accessible for Spanish speakers across Los Angeles. The UCLA Hispanic Neuropsychiatric Center of Excellence, the Equity for Latinx/Hispanic Healthy Aging and the Lifespan Assessment Through Integrated Neuropsychology Clinic address disparities in healthcare by offering bilingual training for medical professionals and conducting testing in patients’ native language.
NC leader to encourage mental health treatment without commitment to psychiatric facility
North Carolinians who are suffering from mental illness are sometimes required by judicial officials to undergo treatment at a psychiatric facility — a process that could become more flexible if lawmakers take up a proposal expected Tuesday.
Fines for slow pretrial mental healthcare upheld against MD Health Department
The Maryland Supreme Court upheld fines against the state health department for failing to provide prompt psychiatric care to criminal defendants deemed incompetent to stand trial.
More psychiatric beds alone won’t fix San Antonio’s mental health challenges, experts say
San Antonio’s mental health challenges are bigger than needing more inpatient psychiatric capacity, according to experts.
JPS Health Network to Mark One Year in New Psychiatric Emergency Center Location
The new JPS Psychiatric Emergency Center offers patients an expanded, easy to access space intentionally designed with solace and comfort in mind.
When Distress Has No Name: Re-thinking Mental-Health in Pakistan
Sangji uses one woman's story to show that emotional distress in Pakistan is shaped by patriarchy, poverty, trauma, and history, challenging individualised psychiatric diagnoses while advocating culturally grounded, systemic understandings of mental health.
'Blue Bloods' star Jennifer Esposito says she was locked in psych ward as health battle spiraled
Jennifer Esposito reveals how celiac disease caused liver failure, a psychiatric ward stay and thoughts of suicide before doctors finally diagnosed her.
Column: Break the silence surrounding men’s mental health
We must encourage men to treat mental health with the same seriousness they give physical health, psychiatric-mental health NP Danieal Robinson writes in a guest column.
Hackensack Meridian Health and Georgian Court University Form Psychiatric Care Collaborative to Expand Student Access and Support
Hackensack Meridian Health and Georgian Court University unite to enhance psychiatric care for students, addressing mental health needs.
Vermont Psychiatric Care Hospital cuts staff and beds despite pushback
The Department of Mental Health says the cuts are due to declining census, though demand for psychiatric care is high in Vermont.
BCBSM billing change could limit access to mental health care, psychiatric offices say
A recent billing change announced by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan will affect access to mental health care across the state, according to psychiatric offices. The insurance provider says the change is in line with up-to-date guidance.
Why does lithium work against bipolar disorder?
Lithium remains the gold standard for one of the most complex psychiatric conditions. Scientists are still getting to grips with why.
Florida's new child mental health guidance aligns with RFK Jr.'s push to curb psychiatric drug use
The state's new guidelines echo the Make America Healthy Again movement's call to reduce psychiatric medication use in children.
Psychiatrists say RFK Jr.'s take on SSRIs is an 'oversimplification' of the problem
The American Psychiatric Association says too few patients can access comprehensive mental health care in the United States. It welcomes new investments in improving access to evidence-based care.
Patients find help with therapy donkeys at psychiatric hospital near Paris
Therapy donkeys are helping patients with mental health conditions at a psychiatric hospital near Paris.
Women with autoimmune diseases are more likely to be misdiagnosed with mental health conditions
More than 40% of women with autoimmune diseases are told they have psychiatric conditions, new research shows. That is only true of 33% of men.
Robert Carradine’s family accuses UCLA of wrongful death and elder abuse in lawsuit
Robert Carradine’s family has filed a lawsuit against UCLA alleging wrongful death and elder abuse, claiming several points of protocol were broken during his stay at the Resnick Neuropsychiatric Hospital.
California seeks feedback on psychiatric hospital staffing regulations
The California Department of Public Health will hold a stakeholder meeting July 23 from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. to gather feedback on emergency regulations establishing nurse-to-patient staffing standards for acute psychiatric hospitals. Here are three things to know: Read more about the questions for stakeholders here.
RFK Jr. launches plan to curb ‘overprescribing’ of psychiatric drugs
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced federal efforts to limit overprescribing and support deprescribing of psychiatric drugs, including antidepressants.
Youth psychiatric hospital opens in Hendersonville to fill regional gap in teen mental health care
Pardee’s new Adolescent Behavioral Health Center has 23 beds for youth ages 13 to 17 who are experiencing mental health issues.
Documents: Years of noncompliance, complaints at Kalamazoo-area mental health hospital
Kalamazoo Behavioral Health Hospital, a 64-bed psychiatric facility southwest of the city, opened its doors in late 2024. Two years later, it may be forced to shut down after dozens of patients were hospitalized due to injuries sustained at the facility.
A stress hormone may help the brain repair itself
A surprising stress-related signal may help the brain repair itself after injury. Researchers found that myelin-producing precursor cells rapidly release the stress hormone CRH near damaged brain tissue, helping control how those cells mature and rebuild protective nerve insulation. The same system also influences brain development and the thickness of myelin later in life. The findings could offer new clues about how early-life stress contributes to psychiatric disorders.
Chuck Lorre responds to White House telling him to ‘seek psychiatric help’ on season 3 premiere of ‘Georgie & Mandy’
A White House spokesperson told Chuck Lorre to ‘seek psychiatric help’ after the ‘Big Bang Theory’ creator criticized President Trump in a speech — and now, the producer is responding in a new ep of ‘Georgie & Mandy’s First Marriage.’
Before Abrupt Ouster, Oregon State Hospital’s Chief Flagged Staffing Problems, Union Says
The Oregon Health Authority fired Sean Murphy from leadership at the vital, much scrutinized state-run psychiatric hospital, just four weeks into a tenure that began July 13.
Glendale man needed psychiatric care and ended up in jail instead, family says
A Glendale woman says her brother ended up in jail after she spent months trying to get him treatment for a mental health crisis.
Penn State Health relocates inpatient psychiatric services to Holy Spirit Medical Center
Penn State Health is relocating inpatient psychiatric services for adults, adolescents and children to Holy Spirit Medical Center, expanding access to behavioral health care with 53 new inpatient beds…
RFK Jr. unveils campaign for ‘deprescribing’ antidepressants
Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Kr. on Monday announced his new initiative boost “deprescribing” psychiatric medications, during a MAHA Institute summit on m…
New state psychiatric hospital opens in Dallas. Here’s a look inside
A new state psychiatric hospital is set to open in Dallas. The hospital may help ease chronic bed shortages across Texas.
Neglect as mental health care is more than a moral failure
Stories of people with Serious Mental Illness left untreated in county jails for months, waiting for a psychiatric bed are well known across KY.
'Worth a conversation': Inside Florida's recommendations for treating mental health in children
Family medicine physician Dr. Jessica Gray discusses Florida's new guidance advising against immediate psychiatric medication for most children on ‘Fox & Friends.’
AI study of 101,000 patients links brown fat to heart and mental health
In a retrospective analysis of PET-CT records from 101,243 patients, researchers found that detectable brown fat was associated with lower prevalence of cardiometabolic and psychiatric conditions, while greater activity, particularly in the axillary region, was linked to more favourable metabolic outcomes. Medication screening identified losartan, which increased brown fat thermogenic activity in laboratory experiments and energy expenditure in mice, although its effects on human brown fat remain unproven.
Reimagining mental health: Stanford Medicine experts chosen to lead precision task force
Stanford Medicine’s Leanne Williams was chosen to lead the Precision Mental Health Commission to redefine and streamline how psychiatric conditions are diagnosed and treated. She’s pushing for a data-driven approach that begins with brain imaging.
CALL UP: How Utah’s Psychiatric Consultation Program Expands Access to Mental Health Care
Utah’s CALL-UP psychiatric consultation program connects providers to mental health specialists, improving access, diagnosis, and treatment statewide.
WA kids were stuck in hospitals for months. New report shows progress
Legislation intended to curb youth psychiatric boarding has cut wait times for those with serious behavioral and mental health concerns, a new report shows.
Yale School of Medicine On the Science of Childhood Anxiety, Say, Anxiety Disorders Are the Most Common Mental Health Challenges In Youth
Credit: Matt Bradbury October 5, 2026 - By Isabella Backman - Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health challenges in youth. Left untreated, they can disrupt the lives of both children and their families. The good news is that with intervention, most children will overcome these conditions. Across Yale School of Medicine, scientists are working to understand anxiety at every level, from common anxious behaviors to molecular biomarkers in the brain. They are using their findings to develop and disseminate new evidence-based treatments for childhood anxiety. Today, the go-to treatment for childhood anxiety disorders is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This is a form of psychotherapy that teaches children skills for confronting anxious thoughts and helps them practice managing situations that cause anxiety. While it is the gold-standard treatment backed by considerable scientific evidence, up to 50% of children will not see sufficient benefit from CBT alone. Wendy Silverman, PhD, Alfred A. Messer Professor in the Child Study Center, co-directs the Anxiety and Mood Disorders Program alongside Eli Lebowitz, PhD, associate professor in the Child Study Center. One of their main interests is learning how to improve outcomes beyond CBT. “We’re developing cutting-edge, research-based knowledge that can reduce the suffering that anxiety causes children and their families,” says Silverman. Changing parent behavior YSM experts are investigating how to improve CBT outcomes for children by involving the parents. Silverman’s research has uncovered two main components of parent intervention that improve childhood anxiety: not enabling children to completely avoid the things that make them anxious and taking steps to enhance their autonomy. Parents may unintentionally reinforce their child’s anxiety by allowing them to avoid what makes them anxious. They also may unintentionally limit the children’s sense of autonomy by being overly intrusive. “One of the things that we take pride in is that we’ve focused on trying to understand what parents need to do, and to test our ideas and see if changing the parents’ behaviors is enhancing the effects of CBT,” Silverman says. “Our findings thus far suggest that they do." As much as CBT can be helpful, it can also be challenging to get one’s child to do the necessary steps for CBT to work. This is one important reason why Lebowitz created a novel intervention program for parents named Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE). Existing intervention programs often teach parents to act as therapists for their child, such as training them on how to practice breathing exercises. “It makes sense, but this doesn’t work very well in practice,” says Lebowitz. “And part of the reason, I think, is that it’s not easy to get your kid to do things, especially if they’re not excited about doing it.” SPACE is unique because it focuses entirely on parent involvement and changing parental behavior—children are not involved in the sessions. For example, parents learn how to use supportive messages that convey confidence that their child can tolerate and manage distress. “It might sound like a parent saying to a child, ‘I get that this is really hard for you, but I know that you can handle it,’” Lebowitz says. The program also works with parents to identify the ways in which they are accommodating anxious behaviors. “We’ll pick one thing that parents are doing that is an accommodation and help them make a detailed plan for how they’re going to change that,” Lebowitz explains. Treating Anxiety in Children and Adolescents Much of the existing research on SPACE has focused on parents of children under age 14. Ongoing studies are now exploring its use with parents of older teens. “Both anxiety and accommodation can interfere with normative developmental shifts during the teen years, including increased autonomy and individuation from parents,” says Rebecca Etkin, PhD, associate research scientist in the Child Study Center. “In this sense, SPACE may be particularly well-suited for anxious teens and their parents. We want to see whether it is effective during this distinct developmental window.” Unfortunately, many families in need of CBT face barriers, including limited availability of services and geographic constraints. One way to improve access is digital interventions. Silverman and her team are developing an evidence-based digitized intervention program for parents that they can access directly from their computer or smart phone. “The work we’re doing will be one of the very few parent interventions that is digitized and importantly tested for effectiveness,” she says. Creating interventions for anxiety-related challenges Silverman and Lebowitz recently received a generous gift to develop and test other interventions that help parents reduce other child anxiety-related behavioral and emotional difficulties, such as restrictive eating and unexplained somatic symptoms. One of these projects in particular focuses on understanding the risks of social media and its potential benefits, including offering a sense of connection. “A lot of research has focused on the idea that social media is harmful and the less of it the better,” says Lebowitz. “But we actually see is that this is not quite right—there are negatives, but there are also positives. So, we’re trying to get a little bit more nuanced of a picture.” The team is working with teens with social anxiety and their parents over an extended period to better understand their social media habits and how their anxiety levels affect engagement with different platforms. The teens will answer questions sent to an app on their phones about mood and social media usage in an effort to capture emotional responses as they unfold. “We hope to develop interventions that can help make the best of social media while protecting against the more problematic effects,” Lebowitz says. The brain’s role in anxiety Researchers are also testing therapies to address anxiety at the neurological and molecular levels. In collaboration with Dylan Gee, PhD, professor of psychology in Yale's Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and Hilary Blumberg, MD, John and Hope Furth Professor of Psychiatric Neuroscience at Yale School of Medicine, Lebowitz and Silverman are using brain imaging to identify changes in a child’s brain before and after parents enroll in SPACE. In one study, children viewed anxiety-inducing images while undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); the researchers conducted scans with and without the children’s parents nearby. Before SPACE, children’s brains were better able to activate the regulatory circuitry needed to turn off an anxious response when their parents were nearby. But after SPACE, children could activate this circuitry even without the parent around. “As parents work on gradually reducing some of their accommodations, you can see a child get better at regulating their own fear system in the brain,” Lebowitz says. “It’s remarkable.” Research into the molecular underpinnings of anxiety can also inform new childhood anxiety treatments. In a recent study, Lebowitz, Silverman, and Flora Vaccarino, MD, Harris Professor in the Child Study Center, discovered that a protein known as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) could be protective from the toxic effects of stress. FGF2 levels in children and their parents were linked to the children’s risk of developing anxiety and depression, the study showed. The findings could help explain why some children who are exposed to early life trauma such as poverty or abuse are more prone to developing mental health disorders. And FGF2 could be a target for treatment. “This is very novel because it starts to give a clue to what is the molecular chain that connects those lived experiences to the actual psychological outcomes,” Lebowitz says. New ways to study and treat childhood anxiety Michael Crowley, PhD, associate professor in the Child Study Center, collaborates with Silverman and Lebowitz to study the role that attention plays in development and maintenance of childhood anxiety. There is a large body of research that shows that anxious children, like anxious adults, are prone to focus on threatening stimuli such as angry faces compared with neutral faces. This has led to innovative interventions that involve attention retraining. The idea is that if experts train children to look away from threatening stimuli, it may reduce their anxiety—especially children with social anxiety who are most prone to attend to threats. The researchers have just completed a clinical trial for attention retraining with 10- to 14-year-olds with social anxiety disorders and are currently analyzing the findings. Besides this innovative attention retraining research, as Crowly notes, “I like to design tasks that are engaging to kids,” Crowley says. “My goal is to assess something without the kids knowing what we are assessing.” With this goal in mind, Crowley has created a virtual game, named Boom, to study threat processing in children with anxiety disorders. The game is similar to that of hot potato—the child and three digital players take turns virtually passing a ball to each other’s gloves. At some point, the ball turns into a bomb, and as the bomb lands in each player’s glove, the outline of the glove turns yellow. The goal is to avoid having the bomb go off in your glove. What isn’t obvious is that the game is designed to measure different types of threatening stimuli, both ambiguous and direct. In the game, the direct threat occurs as the bomb is traveling towards your glove. The ambiguous threat is the yellow outlined glove as it is unknown where the bomb will travel next. While children play the game, Crowley’s team measures their brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG). The researchers have discovered that in kids with anxiety, the brain reacts more strongly to ambiguous threats than it does in their peers, but less strongly to direct threats. They believe that the initial abnormally large brain response to not knowing where the bomb is going impairs the brain's ability to properly respond when the threat is actually traveling the child’s way. “The brains of children with anxiety are unable to differentiate between threats you need to do something about and those that are not your problem.” Michael Crowley, PhD, develops innovative games for studying anxiety in children and adolescents.Credit: Matt Bradbury Based on these insights, Crowley hopes to study whether interventions like attention training could restore appropriate threat processing. Crowley’s team is also working on a test called the Balloon Risk Avoidance Task, which evaluates risk-taking and avoidance behaviors. It features a digital balloon that is full of air and about to burst. Kids have six seconds to let air out of the balloon. The more air they let out, the less risk they face that the balloon will pop. But at the same time, the balloon becomes less valuable as it deflates. “The more air you keep in the balloon, the more points you get,” Crowley explains. So far, the researchers have found that when the balloons pop unexpectedly, teens with social anxiety show distinct brain responses. Studying these responses can help psychologists understand the underlying pathways driving the various manifestations of anxiety. The genetics of anxiety When Thomas Fernandez, MD, associate professor in the Child Study Center and of psychiatry, was still in training, there was a lot of excitement about understanding the genetics associated with autism spectrum disorder. Since then, scientists have identified around 250 genes associated with autism. The genetic contribution to anxiety disorders, on the other hand, has historically received less attention. Anxiety is less heritable than autism, but the genetic contribution for anxiety disorders that emerge in childhood may be higher than for anxiety disorders overall. While scientists estimate the heritability of anxiety disorders in general to be around 30% to 50%, some studies suggest higher heritability for certain childhood-onset anxiety presentations. “I saw firsthand how researchers in the field went about finding vulnerability genes for autism,” Fernandez says. “So, we’re using a very similar playbook for childhood anxiety.” “I saw firsthand how researchers in the field went about finding vulnerability genes for autism. So, we’re using a very similar playbook for childhood anxiety.” Thomas Fernandez, MD Associate Professor In the Child Study Center and in Psychiatry Now, Fernandez and Emily Olfson, MD, PhD, assistant professor in the Child Study Center, are studying children and their parents to identify genetic changes that are present in the child but not the parents, known as “de novo mutations.” “All of us have some de novo mutations—maybe about 50 to 100 sprinkled throughout the genome,” Olfson says. “But when they occur within the coding regions of genes, they can be really disruptive.” Previous research shows that people with autism have higher rates of damaging de novo mutations than the general population. In 2022, Olfson, Lebowitz, Silverman, and Fernandez published a study on 68 children and their families that found that children with anxiety had similarly high levels of these mutations. Studying de novo mutations can help point the researchers to where they should be looking for genes associated with anxiety. “The end game is using the genes to steer us toward the right part of biology that we can then target to come up with better treatments,” Fernandez says. Building on those findings, the team is now studying more families to better understand how these de novo mutations, along with other genetic and environmental factors, shape pediatric anxiety disorders. They recently received a National Institutes of Health grant to enroll 750 new families over the next five years. Olfson is the principal investigator, with co-investigators Lebowitz, Fernandez, Silverman, and Shuangge Steven Ma, PhD, department chair and professor of biostatistics at Yale School of Public Health. Neurodevelopment, Risk Genes, and Mental Health Conditions - The Olfson Lab Joel Gelernter, MD, Foundations Fund Professor of Psychiatry, is interested in how different anxiety disorders differ genomically. “We are studying social phobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder, working to understand why people differ in their risk to these specific anxiety disorders and evaluating various risk factors,” he says. Gelernter was recently involved in one of the largest studies to date of the genomics underlying anxiety disorder. The study included around 122,000 people with anxiety disorders and around 730,000 without. It found that some genetic differences associated with anxiety were linked to signaling that helps reduce overactivity in the nervous system. Many anxiety medications available today work by targeting this process. “It’s nice when the biology that you get out of a large genome-wide study ratifies things that we already know because that can help increase confidence in further findings from the study,” Gelernter says. Uncovering the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders John Krystal, MD, Robert L. McNeil, Jr. Professor of Translational Research and chair of the Department of Psychiatry, is interested in the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), of which anxiety is a major symptom. In the late 1980s, Krystal’s team discovered that the drug yohimbine activated symptoms in patients with PTSD. “This was the first time we could link a specific biological mechanism to the symptoms of PTSD,” Krystal says. At the time, he adds, this finding was highly controversial. “A lot of people felt that PTSD was a purely psychological syndrome that didn’t have an underlying biology.” Since then, Krystal has dived deep into understanding the neurobiology of PTSD to learn how to better treat it. His team is evaluating the use of ketamine and psychedelics. These would be among the first treatments to be developed specifically for PTSD. They may also be applicable for other disorders including anxiety disorders, Krystal adds. An important gap in PTSD treatment is the absence of biological tests that inform how to best help patients manage their PTSD symptoms. A doctor doesn’t diagnose cancer based on how they feel. Rather, they use tests of the biology of the cancer to determine the best course of treatment. “And we can’t do that in any psychiatric disorder other than Alzheimer’s disease,” Krystal says. “But now we are building a foundation for this approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders for the first time.” Source: Yale School of Medicine
Integrating care for people with serious mental illness
Serious mental illness (SMI) is challenging to address. | People with serious mental illness often face significant barriers to getting the care they need. In this week's episode of "Podnosis," we explore how Amae Health is working to address gaps in the system by bringing psychiatric care, physical healthcare and other support services together under one model.
Video: Woman, still wearing psychiatric bracelet, jailed by OKC officer during mental health crisis
An interaction between an Oklahoma City police officer and a woman in a mental health crisis is now under investigation after body camera video showed
HHS Launches MAHA Action Plan to Curb Psychiatric Overprescribing
HHS laid out a new action plan to curb psychiatric overprescribing at a MAHA Institute summit on mental health and overmedicalization.
New federal designation expands community-based mental health care in central Vermont
After a series of cuts to inpatient psychiatric care, Washington County Mental Health Services is expanding community-based services.
Governor Mills Celebrates Groundbreaking for Youth Mental Health Treatment Facility in Saco
Saco, MAINE-- Governor Janet Mills today participated in a groundbreaking ceremony for Sweetser's new youth psychiatric residential treatment facility. Governor Mills and the Legislature secured more than $5 million to help build the treatment facility.
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Can AI solve our mental health access problem?
Last week I asked you what worries you most about AI in health. It was close, but your top answer was “AI giving bad health advice.” Last week’s poll results: You’re in good company. This concern was top of mind at a conference I joined at Stanford last week, where researchers, clinicians, and people who build AI systems spent a day debating trust and safety in health AI. Stepping back, I’m also hearing your emerging concerns about AI’s impact on our well-being generally. I see this as a matter of public health, and we’ll take it in pieces as we learn together. Today we’ll focus on AI chatbots used for therapy for mental health. Early this month, Governor Newsom vetoed Senate Bill 903, California’s most ambitious attempt to regulate AI use for mental health. It’s at the center of active debate, and raises the questions patients, family members, citizens, and voters will face as AI moves deeper into health care. Let’s work through it. What is “AI-based therapy”? It’s really two things: purpose-built mental health apps designed to deliver structured support, and general chatbots like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini that people increasingly use for emotional support—even if they weren’t built for it. Spoiler alert: I don’t know whether the shift toward AI therapy is good or bad. The evidence isn’t there yet. But I do know it’s already happening, and I have some ideas about how we can roll it out with safety in mind. The therapy dilemma, in a nutshell Mental health challenges are common, and strain health and well-being across populations. Therapy (interactive dialogue with a trained, empathetic practitioner) helps many people heal. The demand for licensed therapists far exceeds the supply in California, and AI-based therapy can narrow that gap. AI-based therapy remains novel, unproven, and not well tested. Right off the bat, we can see we’re dealing with trade-offs here. Since the main driver of demand for therapy from a robot is lack of access to therapy from a human, we’ll start there. It’s too hard to find and afford a human therapist California is short roughly 55,000 licensed, non-prescribing therapists and counselors, about 40% of what we need. Psychiatrists, who rely on talk therapy as a complement to prescribed medications, are even more scarce. Eight counties have none, and density ranges from 1.7 per 100,000 residents in San Benito County, to 68.1 in Marin County. My wife is a psychiatrist in Marin, and even here access is tight. If it’s hard in the best-supplied county, imagine rural Sierra County, or the San Joaquin Valley. In 2024, more than half of Californians who tried to make a mental health appointment struggled to find a provider who took their insurance, compared with 14% for physical health care. When Senate staff posed as “secret shopper” patients and called 120 mental health providers in Medicare Advantage networks, they landed an appointment less than once for every five tries. Insurers pay behavioral health clinicians about 22% less than medical and surgical clinicians for comparable office visits. On top of that, billing denials and prior authorizations hit hardest at the solo and small practices common in mental health. Psychiatrists opt out of Medicare at the highest rate of any specialty. In many places, a cash practice for therapy fills quickly with patients paying $250 or more an hour, with no insurance paperwork at all. Families who can pay cash find providers more easily. Those who rely on insurance, including Medi-Cal enrollees, older adults, rural residents, and non-English speakers, compete for what’s left. So we can’t pretend the human system works, and we can’t blame people for turning to AI for support when they’re in distress. AI is filling the gap It’s estimated that roughly a quarter of AI users use it for mental health support. If you have internet, it’s available 24/7, it’s cheap, and it speaks your language. Uninsured adults are about twice as likely as insured adults to do it (30% vs. 14%). It feels anonymous in ways that may enable people to ask things they’re unsure or embarrassed about. The largely hidden, personal use makes it hard to study whether it’s actually helping people with their mental health issues, but researchers are trying. Does AI therapy work? A 2026 analysis of nearly 40 randomized trials found chatbots showed a real but small reduction in depression symptoms. But most of these trials were compared to an alternative of no therapy, not a human therapist. So the benefit of AI therapy is probably real, but modest, and mostly untested against the alternative of human contact. We need more studies. Serious concerns OpenAI’s own estimate is that more than a million ChatGPT users each week show signs of suicidal planning or intent. These are high stakes encounters, and AI doesn’t always get it right. That’s partly because a chatbot can sound like a therapist, but it has no license, no duty of care, and it’s not clear who to hold accountable when it gets things wrong. AI is also designed to help users in whatever task they’re seeking to accomplish. People may feel like they’re getting therapy, but they’re mainly getting a convincing conversation. It’s easy for an AI companion to wander into gray areas, like playing along with “creative writing” that may be about the user’s own suicidal intent. Courts are driving safety conversations A wave of lawsuits have been filed on behalf of families claiming that chatbots pushed people they loved toward self-harm, including teens who died by suicide. The first settlements came this year. OpenAI is headquartered in San Francisco, and dozens of cases alleging that ChatGPT drove users to suicide or self-harm are now before a San Francisco judge. Character.ai has filed for bankruptcy after several states brought lawsuits accusing the chatbot of pushing dangerous content to kids. But the technology seems to be improving. Last month, an independent evaluation found that newer AI models “almost never endorse suicide.” That’s progress, but our societal appetite for even one preventable death is very low. So how do we move forward? Finding a middle ground Earlier this month the governor vetoed Senate Bill 903, a bill designed to place guardrails on the use of AI for therapy. The bill would have prohibited any AI-based platform from being advertised as psychotherapy, and would have required a licensed professional to review and approve each encounter where AI was used to support therapeutic decisions. Newsom called it overly broad, since even routine screening questions would have needed clinician sign-off. Knowing we’re already short on mental health providers, requiring human review of AI encounters may not relieve our access problems. Still, the answer isn’t no oversight. Here’s one feasible short term solution. Rather than reviewing each encounter, a licensed clinician can design the guardrails: what counts as a crisis, what triggers an immediate handoff to a human, and what gets sampled for audit each month. The AI runs inside that structure. Conversations get checked, failures get reported, and a real clinician owns the framework. Medicine already has models to learn from. The FDA process for rolling out newly approved medications is an example. After a product reaches patients, we keep watching for adverse events. Patient-facing AI needs the same “digital pharmacovigilance”: systematic tracking of harms, near misses, and the types of groups that get hurt and why. It’s also critical that users know that they can reach a human if they’re in crisis. Most chatbots now include messages like these: Bottom line The rush to use unproven AI tools for mental health support is mostly a workaround, a sign of a health system people can’t get into. We need better access to proven care from licensed clinicians. That takes reimbursement that makes accepting insurance viable, and a bigger workforce. But, built and tested well, AI could be part of the answer. It could be the 2 a.m. check-in when no one else is awake, or a way for patients to practice skills their therapist taught them. It could be the first step to get someone the right level of care, and take paperwork off clinicians’ plates so they spend more time with patients. None of this is simple. The SB 903 veto doesn’t end the debate, and the legislature will be back. In the meantime, those of us using these tools need to stay informed, ask hard questions, and hold the companies building them accountable. I’ll try to do my part, and we’ll keep learning together. Love,Matt P.S. If you or someone you know is struggling with mental health challenges, emotional distress, substance use problems, or just needs to talk, call or text 988- you’ll reach a real person— or chat at 988lifeline.org 24/7. Dr. Matt Willis is the author of Your Local Epidemiologist in California. A California native, he’s served as a primary care physician, CDC epidemiologist, and public health officer for Marin County, where he guided the pandemic response. He lives in Marin with his family and their dogs, Teddy and Ramona. Thank you Cynthia He, MD, PhD, and Parnika Saxena, MD, for their guidance in preparing this article. Cynthia works in an outpatient mental health clinic, treating patients who have Medi-Cal or, sometimes, no insurance. Parnika works in an inpatient psychiatric unit, treating patients with public or private insurance or self-pay ability. All opinions are their own and do not represent their employers.
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