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Dept. of Health confirms 10th travel-related dengue case on Maui
DOH teams have been deployed to conduct inspections and implement mosquito control measures in the affected area.
Waipahu catering business shut down over food safety violations
The Hawaii Department of Health shut down Adriana’s Kitchen Catering & Services LLC in Waipahu on Wednesday after an inspection found multiple critical food safety violations, including improper refrigeration and eggs left at room temperature.
2 Central Florida restaurants shut down after health inspections last week
The Department of Business and Professional Regulation shut down two Central Florida restaurants during the week from Oct. 12-18 after conducting health inspections.
Cafeteria license at Advocate Illinois Masonic suspended after health inspection reveals cockroaches, black slime
The Chicago Department of Public Health has suspended the kitchen license at Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center in Lakeview.
York County Mexican restaurant fails state health inspection
The state Department of Agriculture conducts annual inspections of food-serving businesses to ensure public safety and safe food-handling practices. Schools are inspected twice per year, according to the Bureau of Food Safety and Laboratories.
Health inspections at Palm Beach County restaurants through Oct. 18
Going out to eat? See which Palm Beach County restaurants were rated best by inspectors, and which failed the test.
Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center cafeteria closes after failed health inspection
Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center cafeteria fails health inspection; 200 live roaches found in kitchen
The cafeteria at Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center failed a recent public health inspection, after officials found black slime and more than 200 live cockroaches in the facility.
Rep. Neguse’s Boulder office one of multiple politicians targeted with suspicious mailing
The FBI and U.S. Postal Inspection Service are looking into the mailings, some of which included an unidentified powdery white substance.
These Memphis restaurants earned perfect health scores in September
Tennessee Health Department inspectors performed hundreds of health inspections in Shelby County in August. These 45 restaurants earned perfect scores.
These Memphis restaurants earned perfect health scores in September
Tennessee Health Department inspectors performed hundreds of health inspections in Shelby County in August. These 45 restaurants earned perfect scores.
Recent health inspections for Branch County eateries
Routine food service inspections are vital to protecting a community's overall health, and the Branch-Hillsdale-St. Joseph Health Agency inspects licensed food services every month.
2 Shelton eateries cited for serious violations in September 2026
The 25 Naugatuck Valley Health District inspections of Shelton food service establishments in September led to serious violations for two locations, according to reports.
8 West Haven eateries cited for serious violations in August 2026
Three restaurants and five other businesses received serious violations from West Haven’s Health Department in August, according to inspection reports.
19 Danbury eateries cited for serious violations in September 2026
Danbury's health department did 57 inspections in September 2026, leading to serious violations for 19 establishments, reports show.
Campbell County health and food inspections (10/9/26–10/15/26)
GILLETTE, Wyo. — The Consumer Health Services Division of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture conducts inspections of retail food establishments throughout Wyoming (where there is not a local health department that does inspections) to help ensure safety of Wyoming residents. Campbell County establishments are inspected at least once a year by the WDA. All of […]
Laramie County health and food inspections (10/9/26–10/15/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Natrona County health and food inspections (10/9/26–10/15/26)
CASPER, Wyo. — The Casper-Natrona County Health Department inspects restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, mobile food units, commissaries and
Who passed health checks in Wichita KS? Asian, burgers, food trucks & more
See Wichita-area restaurants, stores & hotels that passed health inspections. Sixty-nine locations made the Oct. 4-10 list.
Health Department releases food inspection reports for week of Oct. 4
Scores for the recent Health Department food inspection ranged from 69 to 100.
Sacramento health inspectors found 251 rodent droppings in this facility. Where?
Sacramento County Health Inspectors gave red placards to six eateries and cited 12 other facilities.
Plague is stoppable. The next health threat may not be.
The word plague is scary. Centuries ago, the Black Death killed tens of millions of people and changed the course of history. Plague still kills people around the world, and the word still evokes catastrophe. New fears of plague surfaced on October 2, when a lab worker in Irkutsk, Russia, died of pneumonia. Reports suggested that she may have contracted plague through a laboratory exposure. Understandably, people were alarmed. On October 7, the World Health Organization called for the Russian Federation to be transparent about what it knew. WHO issued an update on October 10. Russian authorities told WHO that testing did not identify plague and that investigations found no laboratory release. WHO said confidence in its risk assessment remained limited and that further clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory information was needed. The cause of the woman’s illness remains unknown, and WHO says a laboratory-associated exposure cannot be excluded. As I explained in a recent interview, this incident is very unlikely to lead to a pandemic. Plague is still active, including in the U.S., which sees a handful of cases each year. But it is a disease we can prevent and treat. Plague doesn’t spread readily, and it responds to antibiotics. The standard response—isolate the patient, trace contacts, and administer antibiotics and monitor for symptoms among contacts for seven days—works. We have even planned for antibiotic-resistant plague. At CDC, we developed a playbook for antibiotic-resistant plague and ran exercises on how to find and stop it. CDC guidance anticipates engineered resistance and recommends two different classes of antibiotics if there’s reason to suspect it. There is no evidence that resistance—or even confirmed plague—is involved in this incident. We have thought through how to address plague, but we’re not ready for the next major health threat that emerges from a lab or from animal spillover to humans. What should concern people is how little stands between the world and the next pathogen to get loose. Since peak COVID, epidemic preparedness has fallen off the political agenda, but the risk is greater than ever. More labs handle dangerous pathogens with more ways to make those pathogens deadlier, and more people live and work in close contact with animals. There are actions we can take now: We need better lab safety in every country. The number of labs that work with dangerous pathogens has increased worldwide over two decades, but there’s no enforceable international standard and no inspection regime; the Biological Weapons Convention, fifty years on, still has no verification mechanism. Labs that study dangerous germs need strong safety systems, training, and oversight. We need to reduce spillover events. Three in four emerging human infections start in animals, and there’s a lot we can do to reduce spillover risk, but the world is doing very little of it. Live-animal markets are one place to act. For instance, closing live-bird markets helped control H7N9 influenza in China. Reducing opportunities for people to encounter infected animals can prevent infections before they become outbreaks. In The Formula for Better Health, which is now out in paperback along with the hardcover, Kindle, and audiobook versions, I argue that labs do too many risky experiments with too many dangerous pathogens in too many institutions, and that every experiment should first answer one basic question: Is the likely benefit greater than the risk? Spillover risk can also be reduced: In the book, I discuss how Brazil cut its deforestation rate by 70% from 2004 to 2012 while increasing agricultural production and reducing risky contact between people and forest animals. We need faster detection and response. Delay costs lives. Strong surveillance, good labs, and trained responders can turn a single case into a small cluster of infections instead of an epidemic. Resolve to Save Lives has worked for nearly a decade to help countries find and stop outbreaks faster. The 7-1-7 target, which Resolve to Save Lives developed with partners in Uganda and elsewhere, provides a clear standard: detect within 7 days, notify within 1 day and complete all essential early response actions within 7 days. In Uganda’s Kasese district, for example, a review of a measles outbreak using 7-1-7 identified shortages of accessible funds, fuel, and vehicles that delayed the response. District leaders established funds they could access quickly. When, a few months later, the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever appeared, the district detected it in three days, notified authorities in one, and mounted an effective response in two. Only one case was confirmed, and the patient survived. Because funds were available before the emergency, authorities were prepared and able to act. This kind of preparation can’t wait until the next crisis begins. Plague is an old disease we that know how to stop. The next threat may be harder to recognize, harder to treat, and easier to spread. Safer labs, less risk of spillover, and faster outbreak detection and response need sustained investment now, while we still have time to prevent the next emergency. Share
Quality Dairy to resume selling donuts after clearing health inspection
Quality Dairy will resume selling donuts and rolls in its stores on Thursday, Oct. 15 after receiving approval from state health officials.
HOW I GOT STARTED: Jim Brooker
Owner of Starlight MFG Solutions in Fulton was vice president at Otis Technology in Phoenix — until the company closed locally. He then decided to open his own shop. “We are pretty much doubling in size each year so far,” he says By Stefan Yablonski Q: When did you start this business” A: I started Starlight MFG Solutions LLC while I was working at another government contractor. I was vice president of engineering at Otis Technology at their Phoenix location until they closed that facility due to a shift in business at the end of 2023. While at Otis, I was also working on Starlight on a part-time basis. I gained a lot of exposure to a lot of different equipment. That is the kind of service we provided to Otis when we were a part of them. Now we have spun that whole concept off here. Q: How would you describe it? A: It’s a manufacturing engineering firm specializing in custom automation to serve as an outsourced engineering support for companies that need additional resources. I want to make it a sustainable business that can partner with local manufacturers to help them. Q: What is your background; did you go to college with this in mind? A: I am a graduate of Rochester Institute of Technology with both a bachelor’s and master’s degree. My B.S. from RIT was in manufacturing engineering technology and my MS from RIT was in manufacturing and mechanical systems integration with a minor in business. Q: Why this type of business? A: I identified a large gap in the market for companies that needed small to medium help with manufacturing projects. Q: What services do you offer? A: We are focusing more on manufacturing. We do a lot of robotics, we do laser marking, we do filling — pretty much anything that the customer needs. Q: Have you seen any growth since you started? A: Yes. We have been growing ever since the company started. Our specialties include robotics, vision inspection and guidance, rotary-indexing workcells, dispense systems, laser marking, machine tending and more. We provide support to companies that need additional resources. We moved to a facility in Fulton about a year and a half ago. We are leasing our space in Fulton — the former NET & Die facility. We bought our own equipment, we are leasing the space. We have been operating here since early 2024. Q: You’re ready to take on bigger jobs? A: We want to stay in the small to medium size market where the large players don’t want to play. That is kind of where we found our niche. We are expanding regionally to take on more of those projects. My customers are relatively small business. They don’t have in-house automation; engineering and development teams are not feasible. Q: Business has been doing well? A: I am pretty satisfied about where we are at. We are definitely growing year to year. We are pretty much doubling in size each year so far. We are self-sustaining. Q: How busy are you on any given day? A: How busy? That’s kind of relative. We average between three and five projects going on in the shop at any time. We have a backlog that is manageable. We have seen a great demand for laser marking. The work is very relationship-driven. Much of it is based on referrals from other customers. Q: So, you must have a pretty big staff? A: No. I have just one other full-time person, a colleague from Otis. I bring in other people as the projects dictate. I handle sales and the overall operation of the manufacturing processes. We use outside sources for some work. We aren’t afraid to take on the other jobs — but we are filling our niche pretty well. Q: Do you get tired? A: I don’t get tired, no not really. Before this I ran a facility in Phoenix for 12 years. I enjoy solving problems and that part of the job is still my favorite. I have a supportive family life at home that definitely helps a lot. I just love the challenge of it. Q: Do you still live in the area? A: Yes. I live in Phoenix, town of Lysander. Q: What is the biggest job you’ve done? A: We have done some that were pretty good size. I don’t want to get into dollar amounts, don’t want to share gross revenue. We try to use locally sourced components. It is just amazing the components you can find that are locally produced.
7 Central Florida restaurants shut down after health inspections last week
The Department of Business and Professional Regulation shut down seven Central Florida restaurants during the week from Oct. 5-11 after conducting health inspections.
The scores are in. Who received low, high scores in health inspections?
Check out the most recent health inspection scores for restaurants in Chatham County.
AB Science will hold a web conference on Wednesday, October 14, 2026, from 6:00 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.
PRESS RELEASE AB SCIENCE WILL HOLD A WEB CONFERENCE ON WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 14, FROM 6:00 P.M. TO 7:30 P.M. Paris, October 12, 2026, 6:00 p.m. AB Science SA (Euronext - FR0010557264 - AB) will hold a web conference on Wednesday, October 14, 2026, from 6:00 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. During this web conference, AB Science will address the following topics: Status update three months after the implementation of the new governance structureReview of the September 2026 Sponsor inspectionAB Science’s new outloo
Augusta-area restaurants with best and worst health inspection scores
The following is a list of restaurants in Richmond and Columbia counties that were inspected Oct. 2-9, accompanied by their scores and, in some cases, the health infractions that lowered those scores. Scores below 70 are considered failing.
NKY Health Department reports a busy third quarter — with programs to keep our region healthy
It was a busy summer for the Northern Kentucky Health Department, which strives to keep our region healthy in every way. Food health inspections, wellness kiosks. school inspections…
Campbell County health and food inspections (10/2/26–10/8/26)
GILLETTE, Wyo. — The Consumer Health Services Division of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture conducts inspections of retail food establishments throughout Wyoming (where there is not a local health department that does inspections) to help ensure safety of Wyoming residents. Campbell County establishments are inspected at least once a year by the WDA. All of […]
Natrona County health and food inspections (10/2/26–10/8/26)
CASPER, Wyo. — The Casper-Natrona County Health Department inspects restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, mobile food units, commissaries and
Laramie County health and food inspections (10/2/26–10/8/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Health Department releases food inspection reports for week of Sept. 27
Health Department food inspections for week of Sept. 27
Unpermitted tamales, missing sanitizer among Jefferson County health violations
Three Jefferson County food establishments, Sunshine Foodmart #8 in Mulga, Johnny Brusco's NY Style Pizza in Hoover, and Bessemer Academy in Bessemer, scored below 85 in recent health inspections.
Restaurant report cards? Mon County health officials consider letter grades
Health officials in Monongalia County are studying a proposal to post letter grades on local restaurants following regular inspections.
Public health report: September inspection season turns up minor violations at 20% of businesses
The Waltham Health Department had a busy September, inspecting 90 business establishments between Sept. 1 and Oct. 2. It found minor health violations at
Public health report: September inspection season turns up minor violations at 20% of businesses
The Waltham Health Department had a busy September, inspecting 90 business establishments between Sept. 1 and Oct. 2. It found minor health violations at
New hot dog restaurant opens in iconic SLO spot. It forgot one thing: a health permit
The restaurant had to pay a penalty after it launched without a valid health permit and inspection last week, the county health department confirmed.
Hyundai and UCI Health Continue Collaboration to Advance Child Passenger Safety in Southern California
/PRNewswire/ -- Hyundai Motor America and UCI Health are building on their commitment to child passenger safety by expanding access to education, inspections,...
5 Central Florida restaurants shut down after health inspections last week
The Department of Business and Professional Regulation shut down five Central Florida restaurants during the week from Sept. 28-Oct. 4 after conducting health inspections.
Massie files bill to let small farmers process their own livestock
The bipartisan Red Meat Inspection Exemption Act would cut red tape and costs at a time consumers are looking for lower food prices, Massie said in a news release.
Marion County health inspectors find dripping sewage during inspection
Marion County health inspectors find improper sewage disposal, workers incorrectly wearing gloves and buildup of grease during inspections.
Lexington restaurant reopens after health department reinspection. Why it closed
The restaurant was one of three closed by the health department last month. All are now back in business. What happened?
15 Wallingford restaurants, two stores cited for serious violations during August health inspections
USDA food code violations fall into three categories, including the most serious, which must be fixed within 72 hours.
Strawberries in February: The Cyclospora outbreak and the cost of convenience
The 2026 outbreak reveals strains on farmworkers, food inspections and disease tracking in a system where consumers demand fresh produce year-round.
Campbell County health and food inspections (9/25/26–10/1/26)
GILLETTE, Wyo. — The Consumer Health Services Division of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture conducts inspections of retail food establishments throughout Wyoming (where there is not a local health department that does inspections) to help ensure safety of Wyoming residents. Campbell County establishments are inspected at least once a year by the WDA. All of […]
Natrona County health and food inspections (9/25/26–10/1/26)
CASPER, Wyo. — The Casper-Natrona County Health Department inspects restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, mobile food units, commissaries and
Laramie County health and food inspections (9/25/26–10/1/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Health Department releases food inspection reports for week of Sept. 20
Scores for the recent Health Department food inspection ranged from 76-100.
NYC restaurant inspectors scored these among the worst for week of Sept. 21
Here's a look at the inspection results from eateries across New York City from Sept. 21-25.
The scores are in. Who received low, high scores in health inspections?
Several restaurants in Bryan and Effingham Counties scored above 90 on the most recent health inspection.
F.D.A. Found Cyclospora During Taylor Farms Inspection in Mexico
The discovery adds strong evidence that the outbreak that sickened thousands over the summer originated in the company’s fields or processing facility in northeastern Mexico.
14 Jefferson County restaurants fail health inspections in September
Fourteen Jefferson County food establishments, led by Yasmins Food Mart in Fairfield at a 73, failed September health inspections with scores below 85.
One Jackson area restaurant fails three health inspections in two weeks
Four Jackson area facilities including a high school and a theater failed health inspections in September 2026.
Clean bills of health: Which Central Florida restaurants had perfect inspections in September?
After 2,287 restaurant inspections across Central Florida in September, only 284 had no issues for the entire month, according to data from the Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation.
8 Central Florida restaurants shut down after health inspections last week
The Department of Business and Professional Regulation shut down eight Central Florida restaurants during the week from Sept. 21-27 after conducting health inspections.
SU Catering failed county health inspection during ‘Citrus in the City’
SU Catering failed a surprise inspection at SU’s August 2026 “Citrus in the City” event, for improperly stored food and other violations.
SU Catering failed county health inspection during ‘Citrus in the City’
SU Catering failed a surprise inspection at SU’s August 2026 “Citrus in the City” event, for improperly stored food and other violations.
AB Science’s “Calendar Update” Is a GCP Inspection Disclosure in Disguise
AB Science buried a five-inspector "for cause" GCP inspection inside a financial calendar update. Masitinib's ALS trial and three terminated studies deserve a…
AB Science provides an update on its development plan and financial calendar following a sponsor Good Clinical Practice inspection
PRESS RELEASE AB SCIENCE PROVIDES AN UPDATE ON ITS DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND FINANCIAL CALENDAR FOLLOWING A SPONSOR GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE INSPECTION ...
AB Science provides an update on its development plan and financial calendar following a sponsor Good Clinical Practice inspection
PRESS RELEASE AB SCIENCE PROVIDES AN UPDATE ON ITS DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND FINANCIAL CALENDAR FOLLOWING A SPONSOR GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE INSPECTION Confirmation of the relevance of having, among the first decisions of the new management, given priority to the development of a new quality management system Expected resumption of the AB8939 phase 1 (acute myeloid leukemia) in the first quarter of 2027, followed by the masitinib phase 3 (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in the last quarter of 2027, subj
Clatsop County health inspections for August
August was a strong month for Clatsop County restaurants as most eateries that were inspected scored in the 90s, with many restaurants scoring 100s. “The facilities that get consistent high […]
2 Mexican food restaurants in El Paso failed health inspections: List
Two Mexican restaurants received failing score in food inspections this week.
NASCAR reveals Cup post-race inspection results from Kansas
NASCAR has revealed the Cup Series post-race inspection results from the 2026 Hollywood Casino 400 at Kansas Speedway in September.
[Science Bulletin] KERI develops direct carbon coating technology for substrates
Korea Electric Research Institute grows graphene and graphite thin films at room temperature while MSIT launches safety inspections for semiconductor labs
Campbell County health and food inspections (9/18/26–9/24/26)
GILLETTE, Wyo. — The Consumer Health Services Division of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture conducts inspections of retail food establishments throughout Wyoming (where there is not a local health department that does inspections) to help ensure safety of Wyoming residents. Campbell County establishments are inspected at least once a year by the WDA. All of […]
Natrona County health and food inspections (9/18/26–9/24/26)
CASPER, Wyo. — The Casper-Natrona County Health Department inspects restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, mobile food units, commissaries and
Laramie County health and food inspections (9/18/26–9/24/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Health Department releases food inspection reports for week of Sept. 13
Scores for the recent Health Department food inspection ranged from 68 to 100.
Hendersonville restaurant gets ‘horrible health inspection score’ of 57: ‘I know all of the haters are going to have a field day with this’
A Hendersonville restaurant that failed its health inspection this week is confronting the result head-on on social media.
Hendersonville, TN restaurant Moby Dicky’s fails health inspection
Moby Dicky’s on Old Hickory Lake was given an "F" grade by the Tennessee Department of Health earlier this week.
Popular Hendersonville, TN restaurant fails health inspection
Nashville News, Weather, and Sports
Homewood BBQ spot improves as 5 other eateries fall below health standards
Five Jefferson County food establishments, American Deli, Jimmy Johns, Walmart Deli, Triple S Food Store and Dollar General, scored below 85 in health inspections, while Jim N' Nicks in Homewood cleared reinspection with a 97 after months out of compliance, according to JCDH.
Latest Merced County health inspections: How local businesses fared
The latest round of inspections was made from Sept. 17-23.
Latest Merced County health inspections: How local businesses fared
The latest round of inspections was made from Sept. 17-23.
3 Central Florida restaurants shut down after health inspections last week
The Department of Business and Professional Regulation shut down three Central Florida restaurants during the week from Sept. 14-20 after conducting health inspections.
Public health report: Inspectors find critical violations at eight restaurants in August
Health Department inspectors found minor health violations at nearly half of the 73 restaurants, stores, hotel, and other locations they inspected in
Five Stamford eateries cited for serious violations in August 2026
Health officials said 93 inspections were conducted in August.
14 Norwalk eateries cited for serious violations in August 2026
Health officials said 48 inspections were conducted in August.
Union calls for halt to graded Ofsted inspections over health concerns
The National Association of Head Teachers says inspections in England may pose a "risk to life" for school leaders.
Campbell County health and food inspections (9/11/26–9/107/26)
GILLETTE, Wyo. — The Consumer Health Services Division of the Wyoming Department of Agriculture conducts inspections of retail food establishments throughout Wyoming (where there is not a local health department that does inspections) to help ensure safety of Wyoming residents. Campbell County establishments are inspected at least once a year by the WDA. All of […]
Natrona County health and food inspections (9/11/26–9/17/26)
CASPER, Wyo. — The Casper-Natrona County Health Department inspects restaurants, grocery stores, convenience stores, mobile food units, commissaries and
Laramie County health and food inspections (9/11/26–9/17/26)
CHEYENNE, Wyo. — The Cheyenne-Laramie County Health Department inspects restaurants, bars, convenience stores, delis, grocery stores, bed and breakfasts
Who passed health checks in Wichita KS? Burgers, coffee, Mexican food & more
See Wichita-area restaurants, stores & hotels that passed health inspections. Thirty-five locations made the Sept. 6-12 list.
Health Department releases food inspection reports for week of Sept. 6
Scores for the recent Health Department food inspection ranged from 59-100.
The Big Holes in Wearable Heart Rate Variability And Readiness Scores
On September 9th, Apple announced it was revamping its Apple Watch Health Sensing System, rolling out a Readiness score (0 to 10), and increasing the frequency of heart rate variability (HRV) outputs 24-fold. This can be viewed as upping its competition with various other consumer wearable sensors. These “readiness scores” as a composite of multiple metrics, with heart rate variability (HRV) being front and center for most. The majority of Americans are now using wearable sensors, which equates to well over 100 million adults. HRV and Readiness scores are increasingly being marketed as a measurement of autonomic nervous system health, a digital marker for future disease, a clock for biological age, and a holistic metric to promote healthspan and even longevity. (Apple also introduced a new longevity tab and “Health Age”.) None of this has been proven. In this edition of Ground Truths I am going to review what we know about heart rate variability and readiness scores. Heart Rate Variability HRV is the variation in normal heart cycle timing. The variability of the heart rate, the barely perceptible millisecond changes in time between consecutive heart beats (see R-R intervals in the Figure below, left panel), is due to interplay between the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal nerve) inputs. Distinct from heart rate, individuals with the same heart rate can have very different HRVs. It is a rough reflection of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, inadequate to say whether a person’s ANS function is abnormal. For more than three decades, heart rate variability (HRV) has been measured and several studies have found an association of low HRV and clinical outcomes, particularly a link with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. There have also been less well established links of low HRV to risk of early cognitive impairment, dementia, mental illness, Type 2 diabetes and substance abuse. An important reminder is that HRV is a surrogate marker without any established cause-and-effect relationship. If you increase your HRV, that doesn’t mean it will improve health outcomes. In fact, there is no hard evidence for that. All that work linking to health outcomes was done with electrocardiogram (ECG) derived HRV. Now, in the era of consumer wearables, this is getting assessed differently, by optical pulse (yes, the lights you see) plethysmography (PPG) or what is called pulse rate variability (PRV). They are not the same, as shown below (right panel) and only concordant when the delay between the ECG and pulse is kept constant, which basically means at rest. I should mention there’s also what I will call MPV, a mattress mechanical movement sensor, a derived heart rate variability, that companies like Eight Sleep use, even further away from directly measuring HRV. HRV has not one uniform measurement but many different types of quantification, such as RMSSD, the magnitude of difference between successive R-R intervals of normal sinus beats (N-N) or SDNN, the standard deviation of NN intervals, both in milliseconds. SDNN is one of the so-called frequency domain HRVs (others are LF, HF, LF/HF). Different wearable sensors use different metics; Apple has relied on SDNN and nearly all of the others use RMSSD, which is generally considered the more accurate metric. There’s also the different length of time measured, such as for a matter of minutes, all day, or an overnight’s sleep. Short measurements are especially problematic since they don’t capture enough of respiratory modulation and other factors that influence HRV. Share Ground Truths How well does HRV correlate with PRV? There are very limited studies, especially independently done. One that is commonly cited was conducted by Air Force researchers in only 13 healthy adults assessing Oura ring 3 and 4, Whoop 4.0, and Garmin Fenix 6 and showed a correlation coefficient of 0.88 to 0.97 and a mean absolute percentage error from 6 to 10%. The correlation is not a perfect 1.0, but there’s at least a fairly high level of correlation. HRV is supposed to increase during the night due to takeover of the parasympathetic nervous system, and higher during deep sleep. A recent example of my 1 week, all day “HRV,” and one during sleep is shown below. As you can see, the N of 1 data are inconsistent for the same days from different sensors (Oura, AppleWatch, Fitbit Air, and Eight Sleep) by patterns, absolute numbers, and comparison with prior days and weeks. The largest study in over 8 million Fitbit users (the old version, not Google Fitbit Air, introduced in May 2026) gives you a sense of the effect of age, sex, and the 2 different main HRV (here PRV) metrics, with RMSSD on the left and SDRR (=SDNN) on the right below. That study, from data collected in 2018, is a major outlier, since all the more recent ones are tiny with respect to sample size. Many of the companies have not had independent evaluation of their HRV, such as Eight Sleep, but have published a low standard error on their website. There are some other published studies on the correlation between HRV and PRV, but they are all small and only in healthy adults. A scoping review emphasized the lack of study in underrepresented individuals, including the aged, people of color (which affects the PPG signal), and individuals who are underweight or obese. Add the typical adult age 60 plus with one or more chronic diseases. For example, one study in over 900 adults found poor correlation of HRV and PRV, non-uniformly underestimated across many chronic diseases (cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, respiratory, and others), concluding PRV is “an invalid surrogate for HRV.” A recent systematic review of 43 studies comparing HRV and PRV found reasonable pooled absolute standardized error (HRV as gold standard) but only 10 of the studies provided quantitative synthesis in ideal conditions. Their main conclusion was similarly cautious: “PPG-derived HRV [PRV] should not be regarded as universally interchangeable with ECG-derived HRV across all devices, populations, and recording contexts.” Factors Affecting HRV and PRV That gets me to the long list of factors that affect HRV (and PRV) besides the device, the type of measurement (RMSSD, SDNN or others), the person’s signal, the sensor site, the duration of data capture, if weighting by sleep stage is used, how artifact is processed and corrected. And this list is not complete!: Oura puts out data from their community of users (who input data) on what affects their overnight HRV. The factors currently provided are: no alcohol (increase 8%), melatonin (increase 2%, float tank (increase 2%), wine (decrease 4%), and party (decrease 14%) in overnight HRV. Must be some big parties! Subscribe What is a PRV measurement good for? It has been falsely characterized as an index of “autonomic balance” and a specific indicator of stress. A 2018 review of the studies available for HRV and its relationship to stress, not using any of the current wearables, found that stress can lower HRV. But so can many other factors. The non-specificity of the signal, indexed to the table above, is striking. Evidence from a UK Biobank study of over 46,000 participants with actual HRV looked at genetically predicted HRV, a genetic risk score, that failed to show the expected HRV-mortality link, indicating that _HRV is likely not causa_l, but rather a reflection of person’s physiologic state. A review of consumer wearable HRV data from 5 longitudinal studies showed that nighttime PRV was not associated with perceived stress, and surprisingly higher HRV, in the largest cohort (N=717 participants), was correlated with higher stress. An Oura ring cohort of 525 first-year college students found a link between overnight PRV and perceived stress, but that was also seen with resting heart rate, sleep, and respiratory rate. Several very small studies have examined the relationship of HRV and athletic injuries or guiding training with mixed, and predominantly negative results. HRV biofeedback training with paced breathing had no significant effect on reducing stress or raising HRV, as demonstrated with sham controlled trials. When HRV for multiple days showed a decline in conjunction with body temperature, the Oura ring published data for prediction of Covid. The WHOOP company sponsored an observational study, published in 2026, of 30,000 users for 72 weeks, without a control group, that reported reduced alcohol intake (5.8 % points) by self-report. That doesn’t tell us much, and particularly about the merits of HRV for behavioral change. If you use the same device and conditions as longitudinal trends for multiple (at least 2-3) weeks that may be the one way to get something useful from the measurements. Data for overnight sleep with minimal motion and using RMSSD is the best proxy for real HRV. The reason to look at trends rather than any given night is that it more likely represents something, even though you won’t know with certainty what the “it” is. Keep in mind there are no data, no peer-reviewed evidence, to show that HRV fluctuation in-person has any correlation with health outcomes. Share Readiness Scores These are proprietary scores that integrate different metrics for each of the wearables: no algorithms have been disclosed. They are unvalidated against health outcomes. In a review of 14 composite health scores of readiness and recovery, HRV contributed 86% to the scores, followed by reading heart rate (79%), physical activity and sleep duration (both at 71%). That review noted the substantial variability in measurement protools and lack of standardization. Sleep staging is notoriously inconsistent and inaccurate by these sensors, which adds further to the HRV uncertainties for what the scores, which use sleep stage data, mean. Only resting heart rate has been shown consistently across devices to be extremely accurate. I’ve made a Table to summarize what we know about which metrics are included, the scores, any peer-reviewed studies that compared the readiness score with health outcomes, and the corresponding (if any, NA-not available) citation. You will note that some companies do not use the term “readiness," such as WHOOP for recovery, and Garmin, which has 2 different scores, one of which is Body Battery. Eight Sleep uses the term “Fitness Score.” They all include HRV; Apple includes a new metric they call “Recovery HRV” which among other components uses 7-days of sleep, but it is unclear what this means or how it is differentiated from other scores (there are clearly no data for outcomes). We have no knowledge of how the different components are weighted or whether any of these scores are better than resting heart rate, HRV alone, physical activity, or any other single metric. Since none of these are standardized, they are not interchangeable, so if you get a 90 for Oura that has no relationship to a 90 on a Google Fitbit Air. Notably, the company can update its algorithm for readiness score at any point without notification to device users. Without any useful evidence of actionability for these scores or established relationship with health outcomes, it is hard to make a case for their value. At the Apple recent announcement they showed their Readiness score (0-10) on the watch (Figure below) but there are no published data on this score, not even on their website. It’s available only on their new Watch Series 12 or Ultra 4 [of course, ;-)]. That exemplifies the problems with these scores, lack of data and evidence for being meaningful to promote health. Perhaps the best study (which isn’t saying much) is the WHOOP Recovery for golfer performance, because it did correlate with an objective outcome, even though there was no control group and the authors were all from the company. Among the 389 pro golfers, an absolute 10-per cent point increase in Recovery score was associated with about 0.5 fewer strokes per round. But that’s hardly a health outcome! WHOOP is also conducting a study in over 2,700 runners to see if their recovery score will be linked to less injuries and improved performance, but that is not yet published and has no control group or randomization. Putting This in Context For two decades I’ve been enthusiastic about the potential for digital health and particularly wearable biosensors. Over the years, we’ve seen some great progress for their ability to promote physical activity and accurately detect atrial fibrillation (the first FDA cleared deep learning AI for consumers). That work was the subject of rigorous research. But there are holes in the data and evidence for other metrics. One notable one is the “VO2 max” story that I wrote about earlier this year. At that time many subscribers asked me to cover heart rate variability, which I finally got to here. When I dived into the research and publication for HRV and readiness scores, I expected to find at least some that were of high quality and demonstrated their utility by linkage to health outcomes. To my surprise, I found none. The wearable sensor measurements for HRV (PRV) are, for the most part, accurate, but that validation work has only been done in small studies of healthy adults and does not take into account the long list of factors, from the device, software side, and the user side, that affect HRV measurements. Moreover, this metric chiefly relies on optical sensing and, as we have learned for heart rate PPG sensing, may be less accurate in people of color. Keep in mind that all of the health outcome association evidence comes from ECG-derived HRV; none are from wearable sensor data. I will repeat the key point: there's no peer-reviewed evidence to show that in-person HRV fluctuation—or efforts to raise your HRV— has any correlation with health outcomes. For those of you who look at your HRV on awakening, or even 2+ week trends of it being low, I hope this context helps to relieve any anxiety. Yes, low HRV (not PRV) has been shown to increase risk of some diseases as summarized above. But efforts to raise your HRV—a surrogate metric— has not been established for improving any health outcomes. HRV does not have any evidence of causality (the genetic evidence actually goes against this possibility). In this summary, I have not included data for other wearable sensors such as Polar, Samsung, Withings, Suunto, Amazfit, Coros, Ultrahuman, or additional mattress sensors. These are beyond my first-hand experience, and as far as I know from my in-depth review none have any peer-reviewed published data that differ from the 6 sensors I’ve reviewed here. From the points I’ve gone over above, we’re not ready for readiness scores. Besides being proprietary, they are predominantly based on metrics that have their own issues. It’s compounding the problem, like building a house without a solid foundation that has never undergone a rigorous inspection, and then selling it. Like I mentioned for PRV, you can look at trends over weeks rather than any single day, to get a handle, but even that may not be helpful. There’s simply no evidence that these scores meaningfully relate to health outcomes. I’d emphasize they might, but that requires doing prospective or randomized studies to prove it. None exist. There’s great promise for HRV/PRV utility_. For example**,**_ Prof Maiken Nedergaard, who discovered the brain glymphatics that are essential in eliminating metabolic waste products from the brain during sleep, has posited that HRV could be a non-invasive marker for neuromodulator oscillations, brain-body regulatory circuits, and brain clearance. That would be extremely useful, but like everything else on HRV and readiness scores it requires solid research and validation. The lay media isn’t helping much to get the story straight. Earlier this year The Economist published a piece entitled “The most useful indicator of your overall health” which ordained HRV as an “accumulated stress score.” That’s akin to the false assertion about VO2max: “V02 max is the singular most powerful marker for longevity.” As I’ve summarized here, that is not established. The fact is that so many things can lower HRV, including physical exercise (especially an intense workout), reduced sleep quality, stress, the list above, no less the device, signal, and software. Whatever fluctuations observed have not been correlated with any health outcome. Sadly, “datamaxxers” are widely using HRV and readiness scores that have never been validated to mean anything. We already know that for some people using the sensors for sleep metrics, it can induce “orthosomnia,” an obsession to get high sleep quality, with associated high levels of anxiety. In an experiment done by a company to promote sleep quality for its employees, “For those employees who did use the trackers, many reported feeling perfectly rested until their tracker told them they had had a terrible night. Others were told that they had slept like a baby when they had actually been lying awake worrying about the quality of their sleep. “ The same problem can result from preoccupation with HRV or readiness scores, with anxiety that would lead to further reduction in both. It you are using a wearable like >100 million American adults, it’s OK to look at these data, but contextualized with the major caveats reviewed here. If you are one to require evidence that HRV or readiness scores are linked to health outcomes, you may not even want to look. The companies make it hard to turn them off! Let me end with the companies that make and sell wearables. Apple’s doubling down on HRV (24-fold more reporting and heart rate very 5 seconds) and introduction of a Readiness score tells us that consumers have bought into these metrics and they are joining the club. However, all of this is occurring with a backdrop of tens millions of users, claims about the data that are not backed up by adequate evidence, marketing way out in front of whatever limited data exists, and not being transparent about their readiness score algorithms. The companies can well afford to do the research that is needed to connect these metrics with health outcomes show, once and for all, that increasing HRV or using readiness scores promotes our health. If they believed and invested in the products they are selling, we’d not be in this position of not knowing. That’s essentially where we are with HRV and readiness scores. Perhaps someday this will change and we’ll have good reason to embrace them. NB: I wrote this post. No AI. I have no conflicts of interest with any of its content. Loading... Ground Truths has 215,000 subscribers from every US state and 214 countries. There are over 300,000 followers of Ground Truths so more than 90,000 folks who can easily convert to be free subscribers. Your subscription to these free essays and podcasts makes my work in putting them together worthwhile. If you’re not a subscriber, please join! If you found this interesting PLEASE share it! Share Ground Truths The proceeds from all voluntary paid subscriptions go to support our summer internship program. It enabled us to accept and support a record number of 62 summer interns that joined us in 2026! These are high school, college and medical students selected from thousands of applicants. We couldn’t do this expanded program without the funds coming in through Ground Truths. Thank you!
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