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Indian restaurant in North Oakland closes after health inspection
The Allegheny County Health department this week shut down an Indian restaurant in North Oakland for several health code violations. Chaai and Chaatwala has a closure placard on the front of its building on Centre Avenue, signaling a temporary end to business operations after a failed health inspection. The restaurant
Colts face uphill battle in latest AFC South projection
The Colts face a difficult path in the AFC South, with one projection forecasting Indianapolis to finish below .500 in 2026.
Analyst does not hold back on ‘Gretzky-like’ Caitlin Clark
Caitlin Clark made her Canadian debut Tuesday, scoring 24 points and dishing out seven assists as the Indiana Fever pulled out a 101-95 win over the expansion Toronto Tempo. The game was also the first opportunity to see the Caitlin Clark phenomenon north of the border. Toronto Sun columnist Steve Simmons, who had previously written…
Indy-area businesses grapple with flooding, look to support each other
While personal residences appeared to take the brunt of Indiana's recent storm surge, multiple businesses are also dealing with damage.
KKR to buy stake in India's BookMyShow amid live entertainment boom
Global investment firm KKR will buy a minority stake in Indian ticketing and entertainment platform BookMyShow, the companies said on Wednesday, betting on a surge in demand for concerts and live events in the world's most populous nation.
KKR to buy 6% stake in India’s BookMyShow for up to $50 million, source says
By Vibhuti Sharma Aug 19 (Reuters) - Global investment firm KKR will buy a stake of about 6% in Indian ticketing and entertainment platform BookMyShow for $40 million to $50 million, a source told Reuters on Wednesday, as demand for live events soars...
‘Best Duo in the WNBA’ — Robert Griffin III, Sports World Marvel As Caitlin Clark, Kelsey Mitchell Make History vs. Tempo
The Indiana Fever improved to 24-12 tonight as they further solidify their standing as a top-four team in the WNBA. They were led by none other than Caitlin Clark and Kelsey Mitchell in their 101-95 win over the Toronto Tempo.
Indiana Fever's Caitlin Clark Post Fuels MVP Comments
Caitlin Clark now has the most Player of the Week awards this 2026 season.
‘Brotherly love’ helps keep Umphrey’s McGee going strong
Indiana improv-rock group Umphrey’s McGee, which has taken inspiration from Grateful Dead’s Phil Lesh, will perform Thursday, Aug. 20, at the Englert Theatre in Iowa City.
Hemp builds houses, economy and opportunity in one Minnesota tribal community
Hoping to diversify its economy beyond gambling, the Lower Sioux Indian Community has put its chips on hempcrete, a sustainable housing insulation. The operation is part of a quiet, national surge in Native-owned startups. But steep challenges remain.
Black Legislative Caucus warns of potential lawsuit from governor's executive order
Members of the Indiana Black Legislative Caucus say Gov. Mike Braun overstepped his authority and risked a lawsuit when he issued an executive order last month targeting a state diversity program.
Caitlin Clark's Wilson Basketball News Announced
Indiana Fever star Caitlin Clark remains the hottest player in the WNBA today.
Braden Smith (finally) signs two-way contract with Pacers
Nearly two months after the draft, the Pacers signed Purdue guard Braden Smith to a two-way contract
ICYMI: Sen. Banks Joins All Indiana Politics
WASHINGTON, D.C. – Yesterday, Senator Jim Banks (R-Ind.) joined All Indiana Politics to discuss AI oversight, Food-is-Medicine initiatives, the ongoing conflict in Iran, and the Protect College Sports Act. Click the image above for the full discussion. Key Excerpts on AI: Sen. Jim Banks (R-Ind.): “We need to better understand the security threats that are occurring in some of these labs, and that’s the […]
Indiana working to preserve local businesses across ownership changes
The recently launched “Keep IN” initiative is focusing on a “silver tsunami” of retiring company owners.
Making computer science more accessible beyond English
When Siddhartha Jayanti sat down to write the first computer science paper in Telugu, an Indian language with approximately 100 million speakers, he realized he first had to solve a problem that had little ...
Wall Street Bets: DraftKings, Inspired Entertainment, Brightstar Lottery, Indiana gaming
Macquarie’s Chad Beynon evaluated DraftKings’ second-quarter results on August 12: “DraftKing's 2Q result, underpinned by exceptional customer acquisition, unde
Your business has flooded. What do you do now?
IBJ spoke with Jacob Houk, president of Indianapolis-based Hays & Sons, a property restoration company, about the first steps to take — from documenting damage to contacting insurers and finding a qualified restoration company.
Egg recall linked to salmonella upgraded to highest health risk level by FDA
The eggs were first recalled on July 22 by North Manchester, Indiana-based Midwest Poultry Services because they could be contaminated with salmonella.
Business owner vows to rebuild after catastrophic Indiana flooding
Business owner Cyndee Gillmore joins 'Fox & Friends First' to discuss the devastating impact of historic floods in Indiana, which have left at least seven people dead and caused widespread damage.
Indiana working to preserve local businesses across ownership changes
The "Keep IN" initiative is meant to get small business owners thinking about how to hand off their companies when they leave, instead of closing them down — and prompt potential successors to consider entrepreneurship through acquisition.
Ayush Shetty, PV Sindhu in action at BWF World Championships, Hockey World Cup continues: Indian Sports LIVE, August 17
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 17, 2026.
Pacers Sports and Entertainment, Indianapolis Colts donate $250,000 to flood relief effort in central Indiana
INDIANPOLIS — The Indianapolis Colts, Indiana Pacers, Noblesville Boom and Indiana Fever are teaming up with the American Red Cross to help support those impacted by historic flooding seen in the H…
Indianapolis Colts and Pacers Sports and Entertainment donate 250K for flood relief
Live news and notes from Colts' 12th training camp practice
Stay up to date here with live news and notes from the Indianapolis Colts' 12th training camp practice.
'They were Indian, so we didn’t count them': US cleaning business owner faces scrutiny over racial profiling
I teach my team to profile every client:"They were Indian so we didn't count them as a lead" "She is a typical Karen so we gave her a partial refund" "They were ghetto so we requested photos of their house" You need to know who's on the other side of the phone.
Do it Best Group Holds Level-Up Internship Program
Do it Best Group is helping develop the next generation of Northeast Indiana professionals through its 2026 Level-Up Internship Program, an immersive summer experience designed to bridge the gap …
Colts Training Camp ‘Day 11’: Quick Hits
It was rainy and soggy outside, but the Colts secondary continued to dry up opportunities for Indianapolis receivers.
Harrison Ford returning as Indiana Jones in new Disney project
Harrison Ford will return as Indiana Jones inside Disney World’s new Animal Kingdom ride based on the film series. The ride replaces Dinosaur, which closed ahead of a new Tropical Americas land.
Urban Chamber names Intermountain Health nonprofit of the year at Green Tie Awards
KSNV NBC Las Vegas covers news, sports, weather and traffic for the Las Vegas, Nevada area including Paradise, Spring Valley, Henderson, North Las Vegas, Indian Springs, Sloan, Searchlight, Laughlin and Nellis AFB.
Jonathan Alpert: Women were told to speak up. Except about women’s sports
Sophie Cunningham faced criticism for saying women's sports should be based on biological sex, but her stance reflects laws in over two dozen states.
Patriots’ Alabama Product Steps Up After Sudden RB Shakeup
Hours before the New England Patriots opened their preseason against the Indianapolis Colts, their running back depth chart changed in a hurry.Terrell Jennings landed on injured reserve, ending his season, while New England brought back JaMycal Hasty. The moves came one day after the Patriots signed Hassan Haskins, leaving a crowded but unsettled battle behind […] The post Patriots’ Alabama Product Steps Up After Sudden RB Shakeup appeared first on HEAVY.
Indian tribunal allows Zee Entertainment to proceed with warrants issue; shares rise
An Indian appeals tribunal granted Zee Entertainment partial relief from a securities market ban on Friday, allowing the television broadcaster to proceed with a fundraise through an issue of warrants.
Young, Loeffler pitch expanded small business lending during Indiana visit
Todd Young and SBA chief Kelly Loeffler pitched higher federal loan limits and other policies to help Indiana farmers and small businesses.
Recapping Riley Leonard's performance in Colts vs. Patriots game
Let's take a look back at Riley Leonard's performance in the Colts' preseason opener against the Patriots.
Recapping Anthony Richardson's performance in Colts v. Patriots
Following the Colts' preseason game with the Patriots, let's take a look back at Anthony Richardson's performance.
Praggnanandhaa at Sinquefield Cup; Vaishali, Divya, Humpy at Cairns Cup; Durand Cup continues: Indian Sports LIVE, August 14
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 14, 2026.
Praggnanandhaa at Sinquefield Cup; Vaishali, Divya, Humpy at Cairns Cup; Durand Cup continues: Indian Sports LIVE, August 14
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 14, 2026.
Chicago Bears officials: Hammond 'sole focus' of new stadium project
Chicago Bears new stadium has Hammond, Ind. as 'sole focus,' but no timeline. Team name won't change with move
Shop, eat and network at an entrepreneur and small business fair
You can sign up to volunteer at Indianapolis Urban League’s event by Aug. 18 to get a free shirt.
Sen. Todd Young tours Indianapolis business Thomas and Skinner
Sen. Young was joined by SBA administrator Kelly Loeffler during a tour of the Indianapolis manufacturing facility.
Women’s sports media outlet backs trans athletes, then avoids questions from reporter who disagrees
The GIST pitched an interview about WNBA growing pains, then backed away when questions about its transgender athlete stance seemed likely to come.
Praggnanandhaa loses at Sinquefield Cup, Divya wins round three in Cairns Cup: Indian Sports LIVE, August 13
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 13, 2026.
No Solution in Sight for Patriots and Corner Christian Gonzalez
Where do the New England Patriots and Christian Gonzalez go from here? With all the on-field business being handled with the Indianapolis Colts on Tuesday, the off-field matter – that is, Christian Gonzalez not participating – took center stage for the Patriots. Gonzalez tweaked his ankle late in Monday’s team session, but head coach Mike Vrabel made no mention of his status before the two teams took the field on Tuesday.
Excel Entertainment and Universal Music’s sub-label Excel Music is here
In January, the Universal Music Group announced that it had acquired a 30% stake in Excel Entertainment, the Indian production house behind such hit Bollywood movies and soundtracks as Dil […]
Recapping Daniel Jones' performance in Colts v. Patriots joint practice
Let's take a closer look at how Daniel Jones performed in the Colts' joint practice with the Patriots.
Caitlin Clark Has Strong Words About Indiana Fever
Caitlin Clark gets real if the Indiana Fever can be title contenders this season.
Kentucky Little League team faces Indiana in regional elimination game
Kentucky faces Indiana in the Great Lakes Region Tournament of the Little League World Series on ESPN. North Oldham LL is coming off a loss to Ohio.
New Purdue AD had the guts to rip Indiana. Then he folded
Purdue's new AD leaned into Indiana rivalry with one comment. What should worry Boilermaker fans isn't what he said. It's how quickly he took it back.
DiJonai Carrington shares the real reason behind her hard foul on Sophie Cunningham
Chicago Sky guard/forward DiJonai Carrington opened up on why she committed the Flagrant 2 foul on Sophie Cunningham that got her ejected from their last game. Carrington swiped Cunningham out of the air on a layup attempt at the end of the first quarter of the Sky’s 86-90 loss to the Indiana Fever on Saturday.
Long list of embarrassing WNBA incidents is what happens when sports leagues made politics their primary focus
From Caitlin Clark's treatment to Sophie Cunningham's stance on trans athletes, the WNBA's political battles are overshadowing the sport itself.
Long list of embarrassing WNBA incidents is what happens when sports leagues made politics their primary focus
From Caitlin Clark's treatment to Sophie Cunningham's stance on trans athletes, the WNBA's political battles are overshadowing the sport itself.
Sophie Cunningham reportedly shopping tell-all book amid WNBA controversy
Teaser: Indiana Fever guard Sophie Cunningham is reportedly shopping a tell-all book as her growing popularity and controversial public comments continue to place her in the WNBA spotlight.
Colts Sign Familiar Face at Receiver Amid Injuries
The Indianapolis Colts signed a free agent wide receiver, making his third stint with the team.
Florida TODAY: Health care fraud, Florida Senate race, NFL RedZone
Florida TODAY statewide newsletter delivers a mix of news, culture and classic "only in Florida" moments
I'll continue playing, rest is selectors' call: Bhuvneshwar Kumar
The 36-year-old, one of Uttar Pradesh’s most experienced cricketers, continues to remain a key figure in Indian domestic cricket. He last played for India in 2022, featuring in both ODI and T20I formats. His last international appearance in Tests came in 2018.
Farhan Akhtar, Ritesh Sidhwani Launch Excel Origins Initiative
Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar launch Excel Origins to back Indian filmmakers under 30.
KFF HEALTH NEWS: Medicaid Work Rule Leaves Homeless People in the Cold
By Katheryn Houghton KFF Health News August 6, 2026 MISSOULA, Mont. — Tywon Pugh has seizures that make it hard to find and keep a job. “They called me a ‘liability to the job site,’” Pugh said, recalling the words of his manager when a seizure cost him his last job at a fast-food restaurant
Pooja Singh finishes seventh high jump final at World U20 C'ships: Indian Sports LIVE, August 10
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 10, 2026.
IndyCar photos from Portland Grand Prix
The IndyCar Series at Portland International Raceway from Aug. 7-9, 2026.
FULL SHOW: Inside INdiana Business 8/9/26
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Chicago's DiJonai Carrington ejected for hard foul on Sophie Cunningham
Chicago Sky guard DiJonai Carrington is ejected from her side's defeat by Indiana Fever for committing a hard foul, before taking to social media to post "white privilege".
In 2018, scientists found just 39 surviving clams in Florida’s Indian River Lagoon; they bred them and have since outplanted 65 million
After decades of environmental decline, Florida's Indian River Lagoon is beginning to show signs of recovery. With funding from NOAA Fisheries' Office of Habitat Conservation, the Indian River Lagoon Council is leading a system-wide effort to restore the habitats that once sustained the lagoon's fish and wildlife.
Knotweed Festival brings out Blairsville community, beyond
Hundreds of festival-goers turned out Saturday as downtown Blairsville hosted the 14th-annual Knotweed Festival from 10 a.m. until dusk.
Vinatieri inducted into Pro Football Hall of Fame
SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (KELO) — Five of some of the best professional football players were inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame on Saturday, including South Dakota native Adam Vinatieri. Vinatieri played 24 seasons in the NFL, ten for the New England Patriots and 14 with the Indianapolis Colts, winning four Super Bowl Rings […]
UCLA’s Bob Chesney Receiving Major Curt Cignetti Comparison
UCLA football head coach Bob Chesney was put in rarified air, getting compared to legendary Indiana coach Curt Cignetti. The post UCLA’s Bob Chesney Receiving Major Curt Cignetti Comparison appeared first on LA Sports Report.
Ashmita Chaliha faces Han Qian Xi in Korea Masters final: Indian Sports LIVE, August 9
Here are all the updates from Indian sports on August 9, 2026.
DiJonai Carrington ejected for foul on Sophie Cunningham, rips call on social media
Sky forward DiJonai Carrington was ejected for a hard foul on Fever's Sophie Cunningham. Carrington ripped the call in a social media post.
Indiana Fever have a Lexie Hull problem to deal with
Lexie Hull’s 2026 numbers have raised an interesting question for the Indiana Fever.
Oregonian Mark Cruz will lead federal Indian Health Service
An Oregonian with deep ties to state politics is slated to be the head of the federal Indian Health Service.
Mark Cruz to lead Indian Health Service amid staffing and infrastructure challenges
Senior Health and Human Services advisor Mark Cruz will now lead the U.S. agency that provides healthcare to some 2.8 million Native Americans.
US Senate confirms Mark Cruz to lead Indian Health Service
Senior Health and Human Services advisor Mark Cruz will now lead the U.S. agency that provides healthcare to some 2.8 million Native Americans.
Caught on cam: Car crashes into Stuart business, injuring driver
A car crashed into Pirate Firearms on Southeast Indian Street in Stuart Thursday afternoon, seriously injuring the driver and prompting a response from emergency services.
MURKOWSKI CONGRATULATES INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE DIRECTOR MARK CRUZ ON SENATE CONFIRMATION
U.S. Senator Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska), Chairman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, congratulated the Senate’s confirmation of Mark Cruz to serve as Director of the Indian Health Service (IHS) at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as part of an en bloc package of nominations on August 7, 2026. “I congratulate Mark […]
Chicago Sky address Sophie Cunningham rally planned outside home game vs Fever
The Chicago Sky responded to the Sophie Cunningham rally planned outside the United Center ahead of Saturday's game against the Indiana Fever.
NW Indiana school district cuts buses, clubs and sports due to funding deficit
Northwest Indiana school district eliminates school buses, some sports and clubs after funding cuts
A school district in Northwest Indiana said it will eliminate all school bus transportation and cut sports and clubs for grades K-8 to address a deficit caused by decreased funding from major property tax cuts.
Is under-the-radar Colts player making a roster push?
One under-the-radar player on offense for the Colts could be positioning himself to make a roster push.
A ‘clown show’ of carpetbaggers and characters has upended a Republican primary in Trump’s backyard
Two scandal-scarred former congressmen from other states. A pair of candidates who once competed against each other in Illinois. An adviser to an Indiana lawmaker and an ex-underwear model imprisoned for his role in the January 6 attack on the US Capitol.
The 72-hour crisis that could upend Meta’s business in India as firm risks losing legal protection
U.S. social media giant Meta is facing increasing pressure from Indian regulators, including demands to revoke the firm's safe harbor immunity in the country.
McClelland takes swipe at Indiana despite Hoosiers' recent national title
New Purdue athletic director Tommy McClelland apparently forgot Indiana winning the CFP national championship in January when he said, "we are here to win championships. "If you don't want to win championships, go to Indiana."
JD Vance praises Sophie Cunningham for 'Save Women's Sports' activism
JD Vance calls Sophie Cunningham's women's sports stance courageous, saying she inspires others as rallies continue at Indiana Fever WNBA games.
Where Jonathan Taylor's extension with Colts ranks among running backs
How does Jonathan Taylor's contract extension with the Colts compare to the NFL's other highest-paid running backs?
IU Indy building ‘jewel box’ of an arena it sees as staple of Indianapolis sports
A sneak peek at construction of a cozy arena on IU Indy's campus will be home to a high-scoring basketball team and top setter in the Horizon League.
King of Games: Politics, Polo, and the Raj
Indian teams besting British sides on the polo field threatened to undermine the colonial enterprise.
Amid tension, Cunningham says she wants to 'get back to basketball'
Indiana Fever guard Sophie Cunningham said Wednesday that she wants the focus to return to basketball after her comments on transgender athletes sparked heated national debate, three rallies and social media reaction all the way to the White House.
Indiana business owner convicted of battery in case involving teen at tire shop
An Indiana business owner was convicted of battery after prosecutors said he inappropriately grabbed a girl who went to his business for help putting air in a tire.
More Potential Upheaval Awaits Indiana Medicaid
New work requirements, more frequent eligibility reviews and other policy changes will reshape Medicaid for many Hoosiers beginning in 2027.
Chartbook 464 The"China squeeze" - the politics of development counterfactuals.
There are three types of China shock discourse. Each has a distinct temporal register. China shock 1.0 was a phrase coined by US academics in the 2010s to retrospectively summarize the impact on particular US labour markets, which they identified through painstaking empirical investigation. China shock 2.0 on everyone’s lips in Europe in the mid 2020s is an alarm raised by trans-Atlantic policy thinkers warning of a coming disaster which they project onto Europe’s ailing car industry. The third type of China shock discourse - commonly known as the “China squeeze” launched most recently by Indian economists Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian in the pages of Foreign Affairs - mobilizes a different, more speculative temporal register: the counterfactual realm of alternate history. The China squeeze argument asks not what has happened, or what is going to happen, but what might have been. Specifically, what options for economic development might have been open to Global South economies like India or the economies of sub-Saharan Africa, had it not been for China’s spectacular industrialization since the late 1990s and the persistent competitiveness of China’s manufacture in low-skilled segments. Chatterjee and Subramanian’s argument is that whilst China has built a powerful position in electrical machinery and other high-skill manufacturing, which is now delivering China Shock 2.0, it also continues to run a trade surplus in low-skill, labour-intensive manufacturing. This surplus is large and has remained largely unchanged in fifteen years. Indeed, in the 2010s, in trade with low-income countries, China’s surplus rapidly increased. On their reading, this squeezes low-income producers in low-skill sectors in which they “should” be able to compete. Source: “China’s Mercantilist Squeeze on Developing Countries” Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian. Peterson Institute for International Economics 26-7 May 2026 Chatterjee and Subramanian’s wording is telling: (emphasis mine) The canonical trajectory of economic development in the post-World War II period is for countries to transition from agriculture to manufacturing, first in low-skilled manufacturing and then later on to high-skill manufacturing (Herrendorf, Rogerson, and Valentinyi 2013). At the global level, this implies that high-income countries (HICs) that once specialized in low-skilled activities cede manufacturing export space to poorer countries that come along to occupy that space. In 1965, advanced economies accounted for about 60 percent of global value-added exports in four key low-skilled manufacturing sectors, i.e., apparel, leather, textiles, and footwear. Over time this share declined and began to be occupied first by the East Asian tigers and, beginning in the late 1990s, by China. Today China accounts for about 50 percent of the global market. The question is whether China, with its rising prosperity, is continuing to behave like its richer counterparts and ceding export space to poorer followers or to behave unlike them and continuing to occupy space. In terms of the conceptual maneuvers it performs, of the three China shock discourses, the “China squeeze” argument is by far the most ambitious. After all, it bases its critique of China on a counterfactual imagining of the world. Like any counterfactual argument, to construct this alternative reality it must rely on a heuristic model. To make their argument Chatterjee and Subramanian mobilize two key claims. The first reference point is the actual history of rich-country industrialization, what they refer to as the “canonical path”. The idea is that countries transition from agriculture to light industry and low-skilled manufacturing and from there up the value chain. To make this useful as a standard of comparison and a means to construct a normative standard, they adjust sectoral export shares for two factors: 1. the underlying level of economic development of the exporting country, as measured by national income and 2. the degree to which the sector in question is internationalized. The idea being that for a high income country to have a high export share in low-skill sectors is anomalous and even more so if that particular product is highly internationalized and thus suitable for being “conceded” to lower-income competitors. Where should this process end? Here Chatterjee and Subramanian introduce their second benchmark. Their normative idea of a global development path is one in which, in due course, low-skill manufacturing exports are distributed in proportion to a country’s share in the global labour force. They imagine, in other words, a world of proportional, polycentric global development without much national specialization in low-skill manufacturing. A useful benchmark is that, in labor-intensive manufacturing sectors, a country’s share of world exports should be broadly commensurate with its share of the world’s low-skilled labor endowment. … In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, this would be true if value added per worker and export propensities, i.e., fraction of output that is exported, are the same across countries. It is this pleasant liberal vista of orderly global development, progressing towards a general distribution of low-skilled manufacturing against which they judge reality and conclude that the low-income countries are suffering a “China squeeze”. China is not exiting low-skill sectors fast enough Allowing for its gdp level and the degree of globalization, China’s share of low-skill manufacturing exports is far higher than it “should” be. Relative to population, its low-skill share of exports is far too high. That in turn yields the conclusion that huge numbers of jobs - the authors suggest tens of millions - are being hoarded by China. For the four sectors captured in figure 4, this excess in value-added exports is $110 billion in 2022. For all low-skilled sectors overall captured in appendix figure D.1, excess value-added exports amount to $365 billion. The crowding out of LMIC exports by China is therefore substantial. Both these claims have in common that they are strong structuralisms. The first is that development paths ought to resemble each other. The second is that broadly speaking as far as low-skilled manufacturing is concerned, all countries are alike. If the world currently diverges from the distribution of trade implied by these assumptions, if China is not following the advanced economy path and has huge exports, this must be the result of “policy”, which the authors then put in question as illegitimate or unfair. Thus the naturalistic construction of a canonical path leading to a “level” distribution of low-skilled manufacturing reveals itself to be a polemical tool. From the point of view of China shock polemics, this discourse is no doubt welcome. But as an account of economic history, it must surely be regarded as nothing short of bamboozling. Development paths do not follow a regular, natural sequence. As David Fishman put it aptly, “development is not a queue”. They are always and everywhere, through and through political. Development is not so much a process, as a project. Each such project is more or less well adjusted to its context. As Gerschenkron taught uneven and combined development implies differentiation rather than simple imitation on a single parth. It may be true that Europe and the US exited relatively early from low-skill work. But clearly technology has changed. As C&S themselves point out, China no longer enjoys a low wage environment. Do they really believe that such huge differences can be accounted for either by industrial policy, which as they admit does not operate powerfully in low-skill sectors, or by exchange rate manipulation? What is overwhelmingly dominant in explaining the persistence of “low-skill” manufacturing in China are surely the network effects of complex supply chains. Indeed the label of “low-skill” may miss the point. The degree of globalization which Chatterjee and Subramanian decide to conjure away in their model of the development path - to allow for the fact that Europe and American textiles exporters did not enjoy just-in-time logistics in the 1950s - obscures the point that the networks through which Chinese factories supply the world are themselves key parts of the low-skill industrialization project. China isn’t knocking out 1970s style “cheap”. It has redefined the entire product cycle. C&S’s casual reference to “T-shirts” is telling. In today’s “fast fashion”, there is weight on both terms. Fashion and fast. China’s success in delivering on both at unprecedentedly high speed and at unprecedentedly low cost, isn’t a low-skill operation at all. If we see development trajectories not as the serial repetition of the same, but as distinctive, crafted projects that cumulate in complex agglomerations of skill, technology and labor, then this explains why the assumption that low-skilled manufacturing should follow the distribution of population flies in the face of all experience. As countless cases attest, low-wage, low-income developed economies are not by themselves the makings of a competitive production base. As Leon Liao puts it quite fairly: “International trade has never been allocated according to population. A country’s population gives it no natural claim to an equivalent share of global exports." And the remarkable fact is that Subramanian alone and with co-authors has long been making this point, not to pillory China, as is the case of the tendentious _Foreign Affair_s and Peterson pieces, but to highlight the great counterpart to China’s industrial success, namely India’s relative failure. The much-quoted Foreign Affairs piece showed low-skill export shares only for China, not for India. If you put both countries in the picture as Chaterjee and Subramanian have done on other occasions, the picture looks like this. China is far above the line, but India, almost as large in terms of population, is no less anomalous, just in the opposite direction. As far as global populations are concerned, and the imagining of tens of millions of “squeezed” jobs, it is this Sino-Indian pair that account for a huge share of the action. What this graph reveals is not China’s cheating, but India’s “greatest development failure”, at least this is the argument made Arvind Subramanian, this time in co-authorship with Devesh Kapur, in their major book, A Sixth of Humanity. Independent India’s Development Odyssey which appeared with Oxford University Press earlier this year. In this highly critical work on India’s development, China is repeatedly evoked, not to criticize but as a benchmark against which to illuminate what India’s political economy has not delivered i.e. large-scale formal employment for hundreds of millions of citizens. Kapur and Subramanian leave no doubt, if you want to understand why China, not India was the main driver of manufacturing globalization from the 1980s, don’t look to slots opening up in the division of labour thanks to the liberal mindedness of advanced economies, look to the contrasting political economy of the Maoist PRC and India’s post-independence political economy. As Kapur and Subramian note: The great divergence between China and India did not begin in 1978 with the Deng reforms—it was well underway by then. In one of the great ironies of modern history, the conditions created by Maoism turned out to be a great launching pad for industrial globalization. As the comparison of India and China in 1980 makes clear, to imagine manufacturing would be equally distributed when populations are so differently endowed in terms of educational and nutritional is fanciful. Here is the data from Kapur and Subramanian, data which I explored back at the very beginning of Chartbook. As Kapur and Subramanian insist, the striking fact is that even as India’s growth accelerated from the 1980s, structural change has not. Formal employment in India lags woefully behind. Why? As Kapur and Subramanian note, the path-dependent impact of India’s poor early start was devastating. The list of factors they mention is long and weighty: We argue for a new five-fold explanation applicable at different stages of Indian history: in the initial stages, the legacy of two key pre-1980s policies, the neglect of agriculture and the strangling of the domestic private sector, were critical. The failure of broad-based agricultural growth militated against rural industrialization, which would have been devoted to satisfying local needs that would have necessarily been labour intensive. Then, when the boom came after 1980, the thicket of regulation and broader labour protections that were legislated prematurely in a nascent democracy, underpinned by a deep ideological aversion to private capital in general and big capital specifically, became a barrier to attaining the size that would be necessary to compete globally. Similarly, the reforms after 1991, while wide-ranging, did not quite encompass non-tradeable inputs critical to manufacturing, namely, land, logistics infrastructure and power. A combination of low investment (logistics infrastructure), regulation (land) and the continued monopoly supply by state governments (power), combined with residual socialism, kept costs at 75–100 per cent above efficient supply. These factors were compounded on the supply side by the government, which dominated the formal labour market and established exorbitantly high wages at the lower end of the skill spectrum. This made their employment in the labour-intensive sector by the private sector less attractive. Finally, when the services sector and its exports boomed, wages soared even further via a Dutch Disease effect: one successful tradeable sector killed and cannibalized another less-skilled tradable sector, namely, manufacturing. Thus, scarcity-inducing policies of the planning era, precocious democracy and a Gandhian aversion to size; inefficient, monopolistic supply of critical non-tradable inputs; the behemoth of government; and super-successful skill-intensive services successively undermined India’s unskilled labour employment opportunities. The employment failure seems to have been over-determined. … Less quantifiable but no less important are some of the sociological factors that have undermined manufacturing and factory jobs. Take the impact of the success of the IT sector—located in urban areas with better working conditions, such as air-conditioned offices, good schools for children and attractive entertainment options. It became a more attractive place for engineering and management graduates to flock to. … Consider manufacturing and female employment. Indian society makes it difficult for women to work, reflected in India’s unusually low female labour force participation (elaborated in Chapter XIII). Indian society, in particular the routine harassment of women in public spaces, makes it even more difficult for them to travel long distances to take up work.37 Combined with onerous regulations on creating hostels and dormitories for women—which, in turn, prevents multiple shifts of operation—factories need to be located in areas with a large female labour pool. While firms can take apparel plants to female labour or bring them to the plants by building large-scale dormitories, this raises costs. If there was a case for subsidies to encourage labour-intensive manufacturing, housing subsidies to build dormitories for women workers would be a good place to start. All of this meant, that when opportunities did open up, in part thanks to adjustments in China, India was in no position to take advantage. Here is the account of the 2020s from Kapur and Subramanian. It stands in dizzying contrast to the one-sided, “China squeeze” argument delivered in the Peterson and Foreign Affairs pieces: In 2022, for example, India’s share of global exports in clothing (the canonical labour-intensive sector) was 3.1 per cent compared to 32 per cent for China. This is extremely disappointing because China started vacating export space in this sector after the Global Financial Crisis as its wages started rising; it then vacated further space in the aftermath of geopolitical developments that led investors to seek alternative investment locations. Between its peak and today, China lost about 7.5 percentage points of global export share (worth about $43 billion in 2022); over this period, India’s export share remained stagnant at 3 per cent, while that of Vietnam and Bangladesh rose by 3.5 to 4 percentage points. China’s loss did not translate into any gain for India in terms of low-skill exports and employment. Put differently, when the conditions for dynamism and prosperity were established after 1991, and even more tantalizingly when the global export opportunities opened up, it was as if India was a high-wage economy and only skilled labour could benefit from the dynamism. It had converted its physically abundant unskilled workforce into an economically expensive resource, penalizing its use. It is not my mission here to argue for or against Kapur and Subramanian’s interpretation of India’s development trajectory. The point in this context is simply that the “China squeeze” such as it is can only be understood, in relation to the heavy burden of domestic constraints that Kapur and Subramanian so unsparingly enumerate. I am concentrating here on India because it is the great counterpart to China and the unspoken reference point of the “China squeeze” discourse. But the point is more general. Can anyone with a straight face suggest that the main problems afflicting the development of South Africa or Nigeria, the great centers of mass underemployment in sub-saharan Africa, are cheap competition from China driven by Beijing’s industrial policy and an undervalued RMB? Likewise, is the main problem of the American working-class the threat of Chinese competition or the manifest crisis of social reproduction in the United States itself? The point here, as in the discourse around China shock 2.0 in Europe, is to insist that we should not normalize the world and pathologize China, without actually investigating what is going on in America’s industrial wastelands, the German car industry, or India’s lopsided labour market. One-sided pathologization should be understood for what it is, a polemical gesture. Concepts like China shock and China squeeze are, what Reinhart Koselleck, following Carl Schmitt, would have described as “asymmetrische Kampfbegriffe”, or “asymmetrical counter-concepts” or “asymmetrical combat concepts”. If the function of arguments like the “China squeeze” is to alert elites in the rest of the world of the need to rejuvenate and energize their development projects, so be it. But let us see the resulting discourses as the mobilizing interventions that they are. Interestingly, a significant slice of China’s public sphere - the so-called industrial party - have been obsessed for the last twenty years with precisely these questions of counterfactual economic history. Since the mid 2000s, a massive online discourse developed around an alternative history in which Chinese techno-patriots were asked to imagine how they would proceed if they had the possibility of traveling back in time to transport modern technology into the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) thus averting the “great divergence” of the 18th and 19th centuries. It is a fantasy of course, but also a goad. The point was not directed at Westerners. The alternate history is dramatically nationalist, but few n the West had even heard of it until recently. The adherents of the industrial party are not liberal moralists. They don’t project natural ladders of international development and ask why others don’t cede space. They take the Realpolitik of global economic development for granted. Their pointe was directed against fellow Chinese. The rallying cry of the alternative narrative was this: Now that we are beginning to gain steam and push forward on our national development path, now that we are breaking out of the inferior position assigned to us even in the early years following WTO accession, do not lose yourself in humanistic imaginings about better futures. In the spirit of Deng, they called on China to embrace the hard truth of development. Perhaps one might of the Industrial Party as a cultural trend born out of desire for symbolic revenge against those who had inflicted the century of humiliation. In terms of the various temporalities of the “China shock” - retrospective, prospective and counterfactual - one might think of the Industrial Policy discourse as truly speculative, conjuring up the China shock that never was. Or perhaps one might better think of it as imagining a world in which a powerful China was no shock at all, but simply a defining fact of modern history. I love putting out Chartbook. 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