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NateTheHate on Star Fox: “I have no update to share, the intent was to reveal this month”
Leaker Nate The Hate previously revealed that Nintendo has been hard at work on a remake of The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time and a new Star Fox game which he said was planned to be announced this…
Sunday’s Brotherhood Playoff News & Links
Another solid night in the playoffs for former Blue Devils
The surprisingly simple way to improve your cholesterol
High cholesterol is strongly linked to serious health risks. Here's how to stay healthy.
Weekend reads: What paper mills charge for author slots; UK Biobank data breached; what researchers think of the future of science
If your week flew by — we know ours did — catch up here with what you might have missed. The week at Retraction Watch featured: 10 years ago, Elisabeth Bik published a preprint heard around the wor…
The Most Powerful Business Strategy Isn't a Product or a Pitch. It's a Person
With the rise of LinkedIn and the collapse of traditional advertising's efficacy, human connection is all the more valuable.
Science history: Chernobyl nuclear power plant melts down, bringing the world to the brink of disaster
On April 26, 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear reactor melted down, but the rest of the world wouldn't learn how close it came to nuclear Armageddon until weeks later.
Food vendors at Point State Park take on large crowds at the NFL Draft
Long lines formed inside the NFL Draft Experience at Point State Park for food and drinks that were cooked, baked, and brewed by local food vendors from around western Pennsylvania.
Indian Health Service Announces New Round of Water Infrastructure Funding
The Indian Health Service (IHS) announced on Tuesday it will allocate $700 million in fiscal year 2026 funding to support drinking water and sanitation projects across Indian Country, marking a major step in addressing long-standing infrastructure gaps in Tribal communities. The funding comes through the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, which provides a total of […]
Cyberattacks on US businesses linked to Iran, despite ongoing ceasefire
ABC News has learned of multiple cyberattacks linked to Iran on US businesses in just the past week, despite the ongoing ceasefire President Donald Trump extended as he claims Iran may have a counteroffer to a peace deal.
Vacant North Philadelphia skate rink to become health center expanding care access to uninsured
A new project in North Philadelphia is transforming an old skating rink into a new comprehensive health center set to open in 2027.
Your daily coffee habit may be quietly reshaping your gut and mood, study finds
A new study from APC Microbiome Ireland finds that habitual coffee consumption alters gut bacteria, influencing mood, stress and cognitive sharpness.
New synthetic opioid linked to overdose death in San Francisco
The drug is reportedly 10 times more potent than fentanyl.
Josh Duhamel Says "Nobody Cares What I Think" on Politics
Josh Duhamel says "Nobody Cares What I Think" when it comes to politics.
Man Loses 200 Pounds With Lifestyle Changes and This Daily Drink
Adam Bird lost half his body weight by making sustainable lifestyle changes, including walking to the gym and prioritizing nutrition.
988 hotline linked to thousands of fewer youth suicide deaths since launch, study finds
Nearly 4,400 fewer U.S. teens and young adults died by suicide than projected in the first two-and-a-half years of the 988 mental health crisis hotline, a sign the program is working even as it faces long-term funding challenges.
Temporary Entertainment Zone On Hilltop Drive
This year for the first time, you can buy and drink alcoholic beverages in a 'Temporary Entertainment Zone" as long as you have a wristband from a participating business.
Paul Chan on ICE Whistles and the Politics of Sound
Paul Chan writes on ICE alert whistles and the zine he produced to accompany them, linking grassroots warning systems to the politics of sound.
Fathers' early involvement with babies is directly linked to long-term physical and mental health
A long-term tracking from the first year at home ties early interactions between fathers and their babies to lasting childhood health.
Could your beer have health benefits? Here’s what new research says
A casual beer might come with an unexpected perk. Drinking the occasional pint could provide “substantial levels” of vitamin B6, an essential nutrient that supports brain function, blood health and…
Popular weight loss drug linked to key benefits for patients undergoing TAVR, PCI
Two separate studies explored the value of treating heart patients with tirzepatide.
A Precolonial Paradox? Rethinking Political Centralization and Its Legacies -
A Precolonial Paradox? Rethinking Political Centralization and Its Legacies By Martha Wilfahrt, University of California, Berkeley A paradox has emerged in the growing literature on the legacies of the precolonial past: areas home to precolonial [...]
Jez Butterworth Inks Overall TV and Film Deal With Universal Entertainment
IMDb, the world's most popular and authoritative source for movie, TV and celebrity content.
Jez Butterworth Inks Overall TV and Film Deal With Universal Entertainment
The 'MobLand' and 'The Agency' EP will create new projects for NBCUniversal under the five-year pact.
US health secretary’s son launches investment fund tied to health movement
Child of Robert F Kennedy Jr seeks $100mn in capital raise while touting links to ‘policy initiatives in government’
Universal Entertainment Secures Five-Year Deal With Jez Butterworth
Ford v. Ferrari scribe and The Agency and MobLand series EP, Jez Butterworth, has inked an overall five-year deal with Universal Entertainment across TV, streaming and film.
Extending the Link documentary looks at health care issues in Lesotho
“I’m Here, Where Are You,” ETL’s 18th short-form documentary, will premiere as part of Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day on April 30.
The Science of the Times: A Project Hail Mary Commentary
Nothing beats sitting at the cinema watching a movie for the first time and thinking to yourself, “Wow, this is why I love movies.” Project Hail Mary did that for me.
Could Robot Health Care Be An Improvement?
As the quality and quantity of human workers shrink, cyborg nursing may be coming for all of us.
Mitchell Ryan Zagrodnik Joins Anchor Loans As Business Development Manager
Anchor Loans has appointed Mitchell Ryan Zagrodnik as a business development manager, according to a recent announcement shared on LinkedIn.In the role, Zagrodnik will focus on developing and expanding relationships with real estate investors, brokers, builders, and developers, helping connect them with financing solutions to execute investment projects.
4 reasons why Wi-Fi is the enemy of your smart home (and what you should use instead)
Set yourself up for success by ditching Wi-Fi where possible.
Astronomers may have found a strange new kind of cosmic explosion
A mysterious cosmic explosion has astronomers buzzing, as a strange event may hint at an entirely new kind of stellar cataclysm. After detecting ripples in space-time, scientists spotted a fast-fading red glow that initially looked like a rare kilonova—the kind of collision that forges gold and uranium. But just days later, the signal shifted, behaving more like a supernova, leaving researchers puzzled. Now, some think they may have witnessed something never seen before: a “superkilonova.”
BTS Joins the Celebrity Business Boom With Food and Drink Brand Arih
Fresh off a four-year hiatus, the K-pop group just launched a Walmart-exclusive line of noodles, energy drinks, and sodas.
Minnesota’s largest indoor ice rink is in desperate need of repair
The NSC Super Rink is where the U.S. women’s Olympic roster, Bethel University and a handful of local high school and youth hockey teams skate.
Sleepy in the morning? That could be a red flag
A new study links frequent, longer daytime naps in older adults to higher health risks — especially when they start in the morning.
German Business Sentiment Sinks to Lowest Since 2020
Companies are counting the cost of soaring energy prices driven by war in the Middle East and are increasingly pessimistic about the months ahead.
Generali tightens link between solvency, pay and shareholder cash returns
Generali’s AGM signed off on a higher dividend, fresh buybacks and new equity‑linked pay plans
The nation’s cartoonists on the week in politics
Every week political cartoonists throughout the country and across the political spectrum apply their ink-stained skills to capture the foibles, memes, hypocrisies and other head-slapping events in the world of politics. The fruits of these labors are hundreds of cartoons that entertain and enrage readers of all political stripes. Here's an offering of the best of this week's crop, picked fresh off the Toonosphere. Edited by Matt Wuerker.
Medina school board considers new resources for science curriculum
The Medina Board of Education is considering the adoption of new resources for science students in the fourth through ninth grade. Members of the district’s curriculum committee are confident these new resources will help students to think like scientists in the classroom.
Sports columnist gives final opinions nobody really cares about
Hello, and welcome to my final story for The Daily Texan! I’ve procrastinated writing this, as we are currently 50 minutes out from the deadline, but I’ve done this because I didn’t really want to write it. But now here I am, writing it, because I think it’s the right thing to do, and also...
This 100 million-year-old snake had hind legs and a lost bone that changes evolution
Nearly 100 million years ago, snakes weren’t the sleek, limbless creatures we know today—they still had hind legs and even a cheekbone that has almost vanished in modern species. A remarkably preserved fossil of Najash rionegrina from Argentina has reshaped how scientists think about snake origins, suggesting early snakes were large, wide-mouthed predators rather than tiny burrowers.
The Yankees are bringing the sinker back in vogue
Sinkers are on the rise and the Yankees are at the forefront of this emerging paradigm shift.
NASCAR Cup Series entry list for Talladega in April 2026
Check out the NASCAR Cup Series entry list for the 2026 Jack Link's 500 at Talladega Superspeedway including the most notable drivers!
Trump calls King Charles a 'fantastic man' amid strained US-UK relations
In a phone interview with the BBC, Trump heaped praise on the British monarch amid strained US-UK relations and the upcoming royal state visit.
Sometimes Science Needs A Brilliant Bastard
In the 1970s, after 12 decades of on-again-off-again enthusiasm, a couple of near-death experiences, and ongoing dismissal as a series of just-so stories, the Darwinian idea seemed finally to be coming to a triumphant vindication: a Grand Unified Theory of biology. Thinking like a Darwinian either could explain everything, or soon would, from why butterfly […]
The surprising health benefit that could be in your pint
Drinking the odd pint of beer can provide "substantial levels" of an essential brain-boosting vitamin in your diet, according to new research in a respected journal.
'Stranger Things' Randy Havens Signs With Luber Roklin Entertainment
'Stranger Things' cast member Randy Havens has inked with Luber Roklin Entertainment for management.
Travel makes you happier—here's what the science says
Researchers found a link between new experiences and better moods—here's how it works.
No. 11 on the list of Tampa Bay’s Most Powerful Politicians: Bob Gualtieri
In the age of politics dominated by Donald Trump’s priorities, Gualtieri has stood out as both an ally and independent thinker.
UW Student from Gillette Finds Hands-On Learning, Community in Environ
Alexandria Shinkle credits her hometown of Gillette with giving her a head start on her college education. The dual enrollment program with Gillette College allowed her to take college courses during
Thursday Morning Links
Morning, all! Wyatt Langford has a grade 1 flexor strain in his right arm, which marks the fifth IL stint for a soft tissue injury in the first two years of his career. Skip Schumaker says it’s because he “has more muscles than most people.” Langford is hoping to spend no more than the minimum […]
Man City weighing up move for Enzo Fernández
Manchester City are reportedly considering a move for Enzo Fernández this summer.The Citizens are keen to reinforce in midfield this summer with Bernardo Silva leaving the club and Rodri linked with ...
Want to live a longer, happier life? Science says work to be more successful (but not in the way you might think)
A decades-long (and counting) study reveals happiness lies not necessarily in the achievement, but in the pursuit.
MN lawmaker takes action to get answers on Omar's alleged fraud ties after she skips key hearing: 'Ghosted us'
Rep. Ilhan Omar faces scrutiny after skipping a Minnesota hearing on her potential links to the massive Feeding Our Future pandemic fraud probe.
Regions Bank + Dash Solutions Collaborate on New Treasury Management Solution to Modernize Client Payment Operations
Regions ReimbursePro delivers fast, flexible and convenient options to help clients initiate real-time money movement. Regions Bank on Thursday announced the launch of Regions ReimbursePro , the bank’s latest Treasury Management innovation designed to help business clients modernize their payment processes and expedite real-time money movement. Regions ReimbursePro is a new, forward-thinking Treasury Management solution designed to help business clients accelerate refunds, modernize their payment processes and fuel growth. Regions ReimbursePro is powered by Dash Solutions , a leading payments enablement company also headquartered in Birmingham. The solution provides Regions’ Treasury Management clients access to a modern, secure digital platform that helps transform refund operations away from older, manual, time-consuming processes that include paper documents and physical checks. Key upgrades include: Once a reimbursement is initiated through this new solution, recipients can choose
Scientists Think the Solution to an Infamous Paradox Could Be Hiding in the 7th Dimension
By stopping black holes from fully evaporating, hidden dimensions may solve a cosmological paradox.
Business Connect event to link entrepreneurs with free support
The Minority Business Assistance Center (MBAC) will host a Business Connect: Small Business Resource Day on Wednesday, April 29, 2026
Business Connect event to link entrepreneurs with free support
The Minority Business Assistance Center (MBAC) will host a Business Connect: Small Business Resource Day on Wednesday, April 29, 2026
Goodbye, OTPs and magic links: Signing up for new Android apps just got a lot easier
Google has introduced a new Verified Email feature to Android, and it's about to make signing up for new apps much easier.
German Business Activity Unexpectedly Shrinks as Services Plunge
(Bloomberg)--German private-sector activity unexpectedly contracted as the Iran war triggered the biggest plunge in the services sector in more than three years.
French Business Activity Sinks to 14-Month Low on Services
(Bloomberg)--French business activity shrank at the fastest pace in more than a year, driven by a slump in the services sector as the Iran conflict made consumers more cautious on spending.
New issue: Mirrorlife | BBC Science Focus Magazine
Mirror life could end all life on Earth. That sounds dramatic, but senior biologists have raised the alarm about experiments happening all around the world. It sounds like something in a Doctor Who plot, but no – mirror life is a real possibility. So why do scientists want to create something that’s potentially apocalyptic? Well, it could also have huge benefits (think back to splitting the atom). The first thing to say, however, is that mirror organisms are still a little way away yet – but only decades, not centuries. So far, scientists have only made mirror molecules, one of life’s building blocks. What for? Life works because its building blocks fit together. Imagine drilling a screw into a piece of wood. The screw cuts a hole with a thread that snugly matches its own. If, for some reason, the Doctor showed up and handed you a mirror version of the screw, its thread would be in reverse. It wouldn’t twist into the hole you’d just made as the threads wouldn’t match. That said, the mirror screw would still work; you’d just have to create a mirror hole for it. Mirror molecules, including DNA, work a bit like that. They follow the same principles as the biology around us, but they’re entirely incompatible with traditional biological functions. In medical terms, this means they’re effectively invisible to your body’s systems. Our biology doesn’t have the tools to recognise these molecules and break them apart. And if someone took these mirror molecules and put them together to make a cell and then an organism… you’d have mirror life. But we don't have any way of breaking it down. If it escaped the lab, we’d just have to hope it didn’t have an appetite.
Cowboys linked to edge rusher Malachi Lawrence in draft buzz
The buzz connecting the Dallas Cowboys and Malachi Lawrence continues to grow before the draft on Thursday.
Weekly Entertainment Report: Live music and lively arts, April 23-26 » Nashua Ink Link
Live music and lively arts abound. Go out and get some.
'Big loss' for F1 if Verstappen quits, say McLaren rivals
If four-time world champion Max Verstappen were to quit Formula One, as he has hinted on numerous occasions, it would be a "big loss" for the sport, his McLaren rivals Lando Norris and Oscar Piastri said on Wednesday."I think it would be a big loss for the sport as a whole.
For the first time, scientists pinpoint the brain cells behind depression
Scientists have identified two specific types of brain cells that behave differently in people with depression, offering a clearer picture of what is happening inside the brain. By analyzing donated brain tissue with advanced genetic tools, the researchers found changes in neurons linked to mood and stress, as well as in immune-related microglia cells. These differences point to disruptions in key brain systems and reinforce that depression is rooted in biology, not just emotions.
Are malls dying? University Park Mall shoppers, business owners weigh in
Some shoppers say they think malls are dying, but the general manager for University Park mall suggests it is very much alive.
Scenes from exclusive 2026 champions dinner at LPGA Chevron
Past champions such as Betsy King, Juli Inkster, Pat Bradley and Judy Rankin came in for the Monday night affair.
Europe’s Most Active Volcano Just Got Stranger – Here’s Why Scientists Are Rethinking It
New research suggests Mount Etna forms from deep mantle magma pockets, possibly classifying it as a rare “petit-spot” volcano rather than a typical tectonic or hotspot volcano.
DoD seeks to split Defense Health Program into two accounts in fiscal 2027
Prioritization of payments to health insurance companies degraded medical readiness platforms and military medical staff skills," DoD wrote.
AI-driven sports technology from Carnegie Mellon students draws interest from Mark Cuban
More than 68 million Americans play a racquet sport, but improving their skills can be difficult. Costs for lessons are becoming increasingly expensive, and feedback for technique isn’t always individualized. But three Carnegie Mellon University students think they have an answer. They launched a company called ServeSense. Pitching their technology
Behind every crunch: The surprising science of potato chips
Behind the humble potato chip are researchers constantly thinking up new ways to make potatoes tastier, hardier and more adaptable.
State law conflict sees WIAA sink proposal to ban transgender students from girls’ sports
A proposal to bar transgender girls from participating in girls’ sports has failed for a second consecutive year in Washington, falling short of the supermajori
Michigan football's biggest weakness may not be what you think
ESPN identified Michigan football's strengths and weaknesses after the spring game, but the Wolverines' true challenge may lie elsewhere.
NJ health officials confirm probe of potential 'cancer cluster' in Keyport
New Jersey health officials said they are investigating the potential link between dozens of cancer cases and a former landfill in Keyport.
Death of ‘genius’ Alabama woman linked to investigation of missing, dead scientists
The FBI confirmed Tuesday it is “spearheading the effort to look for connections into the missing and deceased scientists."
Business News: Breitling’s House Of Brands Unveils New Executive Leadership With Georges Kern As Group CEO
Industry veteran and former Richemont executive Jean-Marc Pontroué to become new Breitling CEO in May.
Week in cartoons (opinion): Religion and politics mix with ink
Religious controversies involving President Donald Trump, Vice President JD Vance, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and the pope inspire political cartoonists.
Business News: Timothée Chalamet Joins Urban Jürgensen As Minority Partner And Creative Advisor
This marks the first time the Golden Globe-winning American-French actor and producer has taken on a partnership with a company.
Stephen and Ayesha Curry are coming for the sports drink market—and their kids were the first focus group
In an interview with Fortune, the Currys explain why they jumped at the chance to work on a Michelle Obama-backed healthy sports drink Plezi Hydration.
I asked ChatGPT to use Charlie Munger’s ‘Inversion rule' to rethink my goals — and it beat every productivity app
AI made me see my own behaviors as "success killers" and it was the reality check I needed
Trump-aligned think tank goes after hospitals
Paragon Health claims government policy has led to today's problems.
Science in the shadow of the Third Reich
In postwar West Germany, the link between cigarettes and cancer was ignored — with real and deadly effects
Cannabis linked to slower cognitive development in teens
Northrop Grumman takes $71 million charge on Vulcan booster issue
Northrop Grumman said April 21 it took a $71 million charge in its fiscal first quarter linked to an anomaly with a Vulcan Centaur solid rocket booster.
What does it take to protect brain health? 10 habits to start now
Most U.S. adults think brain health is at least as important as physical health, according to a new survey from the Alzheimer’s Association.
Mozilla Used Anthropic’s Mythos to Find and Fix 151 Bugs in Firefox
The Firefox team doesn’t think emerging AI capabilities will upend cybersecurity long term, but they warn that software developers are likely in for a rocky transition.
X makes it 1,900 percent more expensive to post links
For Techmeme, the price hike has forced a major change.
Framework is building an eGPU kit for its Laptop 16
The OCuLink Dev Kit is due to ship later this year.
More naps, higher risk? Research links daytime sleep to health warnings in aging adults
Excessive daytime napping may signal health decline in older adults and is linked to higher mortality risk, a Mass General Brigham study suggests.
Adversaries may have taken missing US scientists, lawmaker says
Nearly a dozen researchers or people with links to aerospace or defense programs have disappeared or died in circumstances that some observers have deemed suspicious.
Cubs Manager Craig Counsell Thinks the Ohtani Rule is 'Bizarre'
Cubs manager Craig Counsell thinks a Major League Baseball rule that allows the Los Angeles Dodgers to carry 14 pitchers because of Shohei Ohtani is “bizarre."
Warsh vows to keep monetary policy independent of politics
STORY: :: Fed chief nominee Warsh vows to keep monetary policy independent of politics:: Washington, D.C. / April 21, 2026:: Kevin Warsh, Federal Reserve chief nominee“Monetary policy independence is essential. Monetary policymakers must act in the nation's interest. Their decision is the product of rigor, deliberation and unclouded decision-making. And as Senator Warren said, I do not believe that independence of monetary policy is threatened when elected officials state their views on rates. Fed independence is up to the Fed." // :: Sen. Elizabeth Warren, Ranking Democrat on Senate Banking Committee“So, independence takes courage. Let's check out your independence and your courage. We'll start easy. Mr. Warsh, did Donald Trump lose the 2020 election?”WARSH: “Um, we try to keep politics, if I’m confirmed, out of the Federal Reserve.”WARREN: “I’m just asking you a factual question. I need to know. I need to measure your independence and your courage.”WARSH: “Senator, I believe that this body certified that election many years ago.”WARREN: “That’s not the question I’m asking. I’m asking did Donald Trump lose in 2020?”WARSH: “And I’m suggesting to you in 2020…”WARREN: “I’m suggesting you can’t answer that.”WARSH: “… the Fed had a huge inflation problem, and you certified the election…[crosstalk]… let’s keep the politics out of monetary policy.” //WARREN: "Just one little place where you disagree with Donald Trump.”WARSH: “Well, I do have a disagreement actually, Senator, with the president. I think even this morning, he said that he thought I was out of central casting. I think central casting, I'd look older, grayer, maybe show up here with a cigar of sorts.”WARREN: “Quite adorable. But, you know, we need a Fed chair who is independent. That's the only way we preserve the independence of the Federal Reserve. If you can't answer these questions, you don't have the courage and you don't have the independence.”In a confirmation hearing before the Senate Banking Committee that quickly hinted at major changes to come at a Warsh-led Fed, the 56-year-old lawyer and financier blamed the central bank for an inflation surge in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic that continues to hurt U.S. households.Warsh's hearing quickly turned contentious. Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren pressed Warsh on his independence and "courage", saying President Donald Trump had made clear Warsh would be his "sock puppet".
Oberlin Launches Rotberg Lecture in African Politics with April 22 Inaugural Talk | Oberlin College and Conservatory
Oberlin College and Conservatory has established the Robert I. Rotberg ’55 and Fiona J. Y. Rotberg ’90 Annual Lecture in African Politics, a new endowed series that will bring leading scholars to campus each year.The lecture series is designed to expand opportunities for students and the broader community to engage with the study of political development across the African continent—past, present, and future—while also reflecting Oberlin’s longstanding connections to influential African leaders and thinkers.
FBI investigating possible links between deaths and disappearances of at least 10 scientists
The law enforcement agency’s announcement came after President Donald Trump highlighted the recent deaths of several scientists and government workers who may have had access to sensitive information
‘Is it life? We can’t tell’: Nasa’s Curiosity rover finds organic molecules on Mars
Scientists think they are looking at chemical building blocks of life preserved for 3.5bn years
Places in the US everyone should see, according to frequent traveler
As someone who's visited all 50 US states and every major national park, I think everyone should visit places like Northern New Mexico at least once.
Shaky political science: using "simulated" elections over real-world elections
[Dear DSOS readers – this article is the latest in our “Shaky Political Science” series. In our 38 page report, “Shaky political ‘science’ misses mark on ranked choice voting,” released in early December, we examined over 40 studies focused on ranked choice voting. We found that many of these studies suffered from puzzling research methodologies, poorly constructed surveys, unrealistic simulated elections, cherry picked data, and faulty analyses that often were contradicted by results from real-world elections (a link to our full paper is here). Here are links to the first three articles in our series: the first one summarizing the overall results of our report, the second one analyzing a study co-authored by University of Minnesota academic Larry Jacobs, which was one of the most error-prone of all the research we reviewed in our report, and a third article showing an admirable example of two political scientists holding two other political scientists accountable for their flawed, sloppy research]. In this fourth article in our “Shaky Political Science” series, we shine a spotlight on seven studies that were web-hosted and funded by New America’s Political Reform Program and its Electoral Reform Research Group (the ERRG is an ad hoc committee headed by New America’s Political Reform Program and joined by the American Enterprise Institute, the Unite America Institute and Stanford University’s Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law). This research consortium has been led by Lee Drutman, senior fellow with New America’s Political Reform Program. These seven studies are simply not credible from any objective standard about how political “science” is supposed to illuminate our understanding of either ranked choice voting or politics in general. The feature that six of these seven studies have in common is that they all used surveys – artificial, simulated elections -- to attempt to say something cogent or interesting about ranked choice voting (RCV) elections. None of them used real world data from actual RCV elections – either the 1000+ elections in the US or the many thousands of elections from places like Australia, Ireland and elsewhere where RCV has been used for 100 years. While a few of these studies conclude with some mixed positives about RCV, our analysis here is content neutral. The idea that, with a political reform like RCV, you can ask respondents in a mock, artificial election to vote with that method, with only the barest of explanation about how RCV works or its likely impacts (i.e. no spoiler candidates, majority winners, voters liberated to pick their favorite candidates, coalition-building), and then ask them their thoughts/reactions about voting in that system, with fake candidates and no real campaigning, no real exposure to an actual election or actual candidates, rests on some very puzzling assumptions. The findings of these seven studies actually are contradicted by the findings from many other studies based on real-world RCV elections. These New America studies also failed to list the real-world RCV studies in their own citations, instead including those studies that reinforced their conclusions. The seven studies featured in this article were chosen because they form a cohesive cohort which precisely illustrates one of the main points of our research paper, namely that using surveys, i.e. artificial elections, or mathematical/theoretical models, instead of real-world data, is in fact “shaky political science.” Below are summaries of our analysis of five of the seven New America studies. You can read our complete analysis of all seven studies at our paper, “Shaky political ‘science’ misses mark on ranked choice voting.” Choosing to “Vote As Usual” by Andre Blais, Carolina Plescia, and Semra Sevi. New America. (Blais et al., 2021). This study, web-hosted and funded by New America’s Political Reform Program and its Electoral Reform Research Group, used two surveys in which respondents completed ballots for simulated elections using plurality, approval, RCV and point (Score) voting. In both cases the authors provided the respondents with only minimal explanation of each method. For example, the entire explanation for RCV was “For this vote, rank the candidates from your first to your last choice (you do not need to rank them all). This is called the ranked vote.” That’s it. The study did not provide any context or explanation to survey respondents about why she/he might want to rank multiple candidates. Participants were not even told that ballots would be tabulated using an “instant” runoff, not to mention any description of RCVs ability to eliminate the spoiler effect or liberate voters to rank their favorite candidates without fear of helping the “greater evil” candidate to win. That’s like taking an iPhone back in time to 1970 and asking someone if they like it better than their rotary phone without explaining how it works. Their first survey targeted states that held 2020 Super Tuesday Democratic primaries and used the real candidates’ names in the survey; the second survey used fictitious candidates. In other words, they surveyed respondents who had only ever participated in plurality elections, had no history or background with using RCV or any of the other methods, had no clue about its likely impacts, and did not communicate how the alternative methods would be counted, and then asked them: “How satisfied are you with using each system?” Predictably, the winner was plurality elections, the system used for president, Congress, gubernatorial and state legislative elections – in other words, the method they have been using, year after year, all their voting lives. With so little explanation of RCV and its impacts, this study is simply not credible in discovering anything useful about real-world RCV elections. It merely shows that a basic voter education campaign is needed when adopting a new election system. Additionally, the result contradicts many other post-election surveys following real RCV elections, asking opinions from voters who had just participated in a RCV election, that showed a great deal of satisfaction with RCV (see details on that in Studies 22-25 in our paper, as well as the four studies cited in the review for Study 28). Share Other studies on “satisfaction” and “understanding” make similar mistakes, in terms of basing their surveys on inadequate explanation to respondents and lack of education about context. How could any survey ever hope to measure accurately, in essence simulate a real-world election, without actual campaigning candidates, the media writing about those candidates, organizations endorsing candidates and voters being inundated with crucial information? More than anything, what these “studies” based on surveys show is that if you ask voters about something they don’t know very much about, and fail to adequately educate them, their responses will unsurprisingly reflect their confusion. Equally puzzling is that New America’s Electoral Reform Research Group, headed by political scientist Lee Drutman, found this to be a credible enough study that they not only published it but highlighted it in Drutman’s own discussion of research related to ranked choice voting. This pattern was repeated in study after study featured by New America’s Electoral Reform Research Group. For example in Ranked-Choice Voting and Political Expression: Voter Guides Narrow the Gap between Informed and Uninformed Citizens by Cheryl Boudreau, Jonathan Colner, and Scott MacKenzie, the researchers based their analysis on a survey which found that respondents who were asked to vote in a simulated RCV election, with minimal explanation of RCV or how it works, displayed less evidence of being informed about how to use RCV effectively, with the least informed voters ranking fewer candidates. As pointed out under the study above, in a real election voters are informed by a wide variety of methods, including public education by the election administration, by interested political groups, the media, and the candidates themselves who benefit from voters being aware of how to vote in the new system. In Support for Ranked-Choice Voting across Race and Partisanship by Joseph Anthony, David C. Kimball, Jack Santucci and Jamil Scott, the researchers used respondents from different parties and races voting in simulated plurality and RCV elections, who indicated their satisfaction with each voting method. Instead of using real world election results, the authors fell back on the easy, armchair and less reliable academic research methodology of making up mock elections. As with the other studies, little explanation was given of how RCV works or what its implications might be (electing majority winners or eliminating spoilers, for example). Unsurprisingly, this study found that respondents were not very satisfied with RCV. However, when the authors added an explanation that RCV has a tendency to elect more women and people of color, they found that this greater explanation increased the preference for RCV. The more voters were familiar with it, and the more they understood potential positive impacts – surprise! -- the more they were open to switching away from the status quo. Of note, the results from this study are thoroughly contradicted by a number of other studies whose data was obtained from real RCV elections with real voters. Those studies show a great deal of satisfaction with RCV. More “fake election” research An interesting wrinkle on this “research by fake elections” approach, which only served to illustrate how unreliable such “research” can become, was taken in Ranked-Choice Voting, Runoff, and Democracy: Insights from Maine and Other U.S. States by Joseph Cerrone and Cynthia McClintock_,_ also web-hosted and funded by New America’s ERRG. It gets high marks for creativity, but an eye-roll for thinking this could possibly add anything meaningful to our understanding of real world RCV elections. This study tried to determine whether RCV, plurality or two-round runoff elections provided greater voter satisfaction and acceptance of election results. To determine that, the authors conducted a survey asking if voters were satisfied with a fictional newspaper report of an election, with three different versions given to respondents – plurality, runoff and RCV, with variations of Republican/Democrat winners and variations of “come-from-behind” winners,” i.e. candidates not initially in first place but who win the “runoff.” Again, a minimal explanation of RCV or how it works was given, and the survey showed that respondents had the greatest unfamiliarity with RCV than the other methods. The unsurprising result? Respondents were much more satisfied with “come-from-behind” victories in a traditional two-round runoff election than in RCV, even though RCV is also a runoff system but with a single round of counting. Interestingly, the dissatisfaction with RCV disappeared for those who were more familiar with RCV. In fact, among those respondents who were “very familiar” with RCV, they were equally satisfied with RCV, runoff and plurality. Surprise, surprise. Again, what this study revealed, more than anything, is not only the inadequacy of the explanation for RCV given by the authors of this study, but the failure of the research format itself, thinking that such an artificial mock election could somehow simulate what actually happens in the real world in a real RCV election. Those four studies reviewed above are fitting examples of inadequate and shaky political “science.” Other studies reviewed in our paper from the New America/Electoral Reform Research Group cohort which also used mock elections included: Ranked-Choice Voting is an Acquired Taste by Joseph Anthony and David C. Kimball. New America. (Anthony et al., 2021). Ranked-Choice Voting is No Refuge for Extreme Candidates by Melissa Baker. New America. (Baker, 2021). Also included in this New America cohort is Does Ranked-Choice Voting Reduce Racial Polarization? by Yuki Atsusaka and Theodore Landsman, which actually did use real-world election results data but applied an odd and unconventional methodology to the data which relied on shaky assumptions and non-real-world scenarios that were too divorced from reality. To determine levels of “racially polarized voting,” the researchers imagined “ethnic parties,” by which they mean political parties for each ethnic group, which was especially odd since the election data they were using came from nonpartisan RCV races. But then they made an even odder assumption, namely that since race and ethnic characteristics of studied voters were not available, the authors tried to infer that information based on who voters selected and the racial make-up of voters in each district. This amounted to little more than vague and ambiguous guesswork dressed up with a bunch of mathematical equations used to give it a veneer of scientific appearance. Indeed, it seemed to assume racial polarization in order to prove racial polarization. Based on this questionable methodology, the authors concluded that RCV doesn’t reduce racial polarization. But the premise of this study missed an obvious reality: since RCV incentivizes more candidates to run and can result in more diverse fields of candidates, one would expect more racially-polarized voting in voters’ top rankings, not less, because more voters would have someone on that ballot who represents their racial or ethnic identity and more freedom to vote for their real first choice. By encouraging more diverse candidates and eliminating the spoiler effect, RCV facilitates voting for a favorite candidate of your own race and then selecting a second choice with the best likelihood of winning. The real measure is what voters do with their additional rankings – do they consider other candidates and vote “for the best of the rest”? This study didn’t tell us anything useful about that. But readily available data shows this is common in real RCV elections, and candidates act on this knowledge by engaging with voters outside their racial group. So the authors of this study failed to consider or account for what actually happens in real-world elections, and their conclusions are tainted by this failure. New America has contributed a great deal over the past 2.5 decades to our understanding of many policy areas, including politics and political reform (full disclosure: Steven Hill, one of the authors of this article and of the “Shaky Political Science” research paper and series, is a former senior fellow and former director of New America’s political reform program, 2005-2010). So it was especially disappointing that New America funded and published such a large batch of dubious studies about ranked choice voting. The stated praiseworthy goal of its Electoral Reform Research Group was to inspire new academic research about ranked choice voting that would shed light and help the public better understand the impacts of RCV. Instead, the ERRG research did just the opposite. It produced dubious research that created more confusion and misinformation. In so doing, New America’s political reform program contributed to “shaky political science.” Steven Hill and Paul Haughey Share Upgrade to $5 subscription Thanks for reading DemocracySOS, a reader-supported digital portal for the pro-democracy movement. Subscribe for only $5 per month to receive full benefits and to support our work. Subscribe
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