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US on brink of major crypto breakthrough despite bank pushback
Coinbase chief legal officer Paul Grewal joins 'Mornings with Maria' to discuss the race in Washington to finalize the Clarity Act, mounting pushback from big banks and how looming crypto regulations could reshape investing for Americans.
APRIL, THE FINAL STRETCH OF THE SEASON
April gets off to a busy start for all Rossoneri sides over the Easter weekend, with an especially eventful Easter Monday setting the tone: as the season heads into its final stretch, every match will...
Greg Gutfeld: They spent an entire weekend focused on identity politics
Fox News host Greg Gutfeld and the ‘Gutfeld!’ panel discuss Canada’s New Democratic Party handing out ‘equity cards’ to its members.
BetMGM to launch speakeasy to watch final weekend of March basketball matchups
“The Court of Legends” welcomes basketball fans to a new Bellagio speakeasy.
Bruce Blakeman denied public campaign matching funds in race for N.Y. governor
The state Public Campaign Finance Board on Tuesday voted 4-3 on a resolution that disqualifies Blakeman from the program over a technicality.
Stockton sports roundup features chaos, pivotal matchups and a no-hitter
Chaos, league shakeups and a no-hitter highlight San Joaquin County sports action from March 23-28, including baseball, softball, volleyball and track.
Ranking the Big 12's toughest football games using ESPN's SP+
ESPN's SP+ rankings reveal the toughest matchups for Big 12 teams in the 2026 college football season. Find out what the top matchups are this year.
🕵️ Another World Cup debacle looms: Italian spy in Bosnia?
Today is possibly the most important match of the year for the Italian national team. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, it will be decided whether the team led by Gennaro Gattuso will qualify for the 2026 W...
How to Watch Messi and Argentina vs Zambia Live on beIN SPORTS
The Argentina National Team heads into its second match of this FIFA international window with a clear objective: fine-tune details and continue building its foundation ahead of the 2026 World Cup. After facing Mauritania, the team led by Lionel Scaloni now takes on Zambia in what serves as a final test before key decisions are made.
Democrats want to ‘weaponize the political system’ against their opponents: Former Trump campaign advisor
‘My View with Lara Trump’ host Lara Trump and former Trump campaign senior advisor Jason Miller discuss ‘No Kings’ anti-Trump protests across the U.S. on ‘The Bottom Line.’
Issue of wildlife trafficking a $20B a year business, Wildlife Conservation Society EVP says
Wildlife Conservation Society executive vice president John F. Calvelli details the impact of the DHS shutdown on zoos and aquariums, the illegal wildlife trafficking trade and the Wildlife Confiscations Network Act on 'Mornings with Maria.'
'POLITICAL THEATER': Protesters take to the streets for 'No Kings' rallies
Fox News senior investigations editor Asra Nomani has the latest on the funding behind 'No Kings' on 'The Will Cain Show.'
BREAKING: Nebraska volleyball to play outdoor match at Wrigley Field
The Big Ten, the Southeastern Conference and the Chicago Cubs announced Monday that Nebraska will take on Missouri, along with Penn State taking on Kentucky, at Wrigley Field on Sept. 6, as part of the inaugural Big Ten/SEC Volleyball Challenge Week. The games will begin at 6 p.m. CT with the order still to be determined.
With the Final 4 on the line, South Carolina's Raven Johnson faces TCU's Olivia Miles
One matchup sure to turn heads when South Carolina and TCU meet on Monday is TCU’s Olivia Miles vs. South Carolina’s Raven Johnson.
Match Group Is Significantly Undervalued For A Stable, High-Margin Business
Match Group is a mature, high-margin online dating leader trading at a depressed 11x forward P/E, despite stable revenue and profitability. See why MTCH stock is a Buy.
Marc Skinner: Man United’s thoughts on coach’s performance revealed
Manchester United Women’s season has begun to unravel somewhat.Historic runThe Red Devils have made history in their first ever Champions League campaign.They impressively won four matches out of si...
'Angel Dad' slams politicians for migrant crime and sanctuary policies
'Angel Dad' Joe Abraham condemns politicians and sanctuary policies amid rising instances of migrant crime on 'Sunday Night in America.'
Caitlin Clark Reflects on Impact in Women's Sports Before 3rd WNBA Season
Indiana Fever superstar Caitlin Clark was back on the hardwood on Sunday. Clark provided pregame analysis for Sunday’s matchup between the New York Knicks and the Oklahoma City Thunder at Paycom Center. This is the second NBC broadcast for Clark, who also took part in the pregame show in January during a Knicks-Lakers matchup at Madison Square Garden.
Democrats 'playing politics' with Americans' safety: GOP lawmaker
Rep. Buddy Carter, R-Ga., criticizes Democrats for 'playing politics' during the government shutdown, impacting TSA agents' pay, on 'Fox Report.'
Are the Nuggets finally healthy as a team?
Here's where the Nuggets stand injury-wise, after everything they've endured, for their matchup with the Warriors on Sunday night.
Basketball tournament makes space for trans athletes amid international sports bans
The court, split into competitive and recreational sides, pitted players of all genders against each other for 15-minute matchups less than a week after transgender female athletes were banned from women’s events at the Olympics after the International Olympic Committee agreed to a new eligibility policy.
Political analysts debate Democrats' handling of Sheridan Gorman murder amid anti-ICE rhetoric
Political analysts Yemisi Egbewole and Erin Maguire debate the Democratic Party's response to the murder of Sheridan Gorman by an illegal immigrant.
The longest boxing match on record took place in New Orleans in 1893. It ended with no winner.
“The New Orleans of today holds no more fame than the New Orleans of yesteryear. For it was here that some of the world’s sport celebrities have performed.”
Tottenham release statement as Igor Tudor departs after 44 days
The 47-year-old won just won of his seven matches in charge of Spurs who are fighting to avoid relegation from the Premier League
Tudor's 44 days in charge
Igor Tudor lost his first four matches as Tottenham boss, including against Arsenal, Fulham and Crystal Palace in the league before a calamitous 5-2 Champions League last 16 first-leg defeat at Atletico Madrid.
Rethinking brain-like artificial intelligence: New study reveals hidden mismatches
A new study by York University researchers has found a potential striking flaw in artificial intelligence (AI) models. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), a type of AI model built to solve vision tasks ...
Player availability report, presented by Orlando Health Jewett Orthopedic Institute: Orlando Pride at Gotham FC
Here is this week's player availability report, presented by Orlando Health Jewett Orthopedic Institute, for Sunday's away match at Gotham FC
Duke vs. UConn game preview, prediction (NCAA Tournament Elite Eight)
Previewing and prediction the matchup between No. 1 seed Duke and No. 2 seed UConn in the Elite Eight.
With an Iran funding vote looming, Ruben Gallego urges Democrats to rethink how to support the troops
The veteran who arrived a few minutes late to the matcha shop down the street from Fort Sam Houston hovered behind Ruben Gallego, trying to figure out where to sit.
Real Madrid fear major injury risk for Vinicius Junior
Real Madrid face a crucial set of matches in the coming weeks, but there are fears they could be without Vinicius Junior for them. The 25-year-old has been in excellent form in 2026, although he could...
Floyd Mayweather reveals Manny Pacquiao rematch will be an ‘exhibition’
The pair are set to resume their rivalry in September but Mayweather has cast doubt on whether this bout will be his return to professional boxing
France XI vs Colombia – Predicted lineup and team news
France and Colombia face off in a friendly at Northwest Stadium on Sunday, with both sides treating the match as valuable preparation for the upcoming World Cup.France come into this game after a 2-1 ...
Belgium thrash USA 5-2; Mexico vs Portugal ends 0-0 in football friendlies
A man died after falling from the stands at Azteca Stadium, where Mexico hosted Portugal with Ronaldo missing the match.
Match day access boost for disabled football fans
From sensory rooms to audio commentary, one group is breaking down barriers for Coventry City fans.
Check out all 9 UFC Seattle finishes
UFC Fight Night: Adesanya vs. Pyfer took place on Saturday at Climate Pledge Arena. The 13-bout fight card featured nine finishes. The event was headlined by a middleweight match between former two-time titleholder Israel Adesanya and No. 14 ranked Joe Pyfer. Check out highlights of ...
The science of the warm-up: From ridicule to RAMP, and the nightmare of losing a player to injury
Player warm-ups, whether for training or on matchday, have become part of the normal routine but there is technique behind making them work
UFC Seattle bonuses: Top of the card banked bonus checks
Following Saturday's UFC Seattle event at Climate Pledge Arena, the fight promotion announced the recipients of the performance-based bonuses. The 13-bout fight card featured 9 finishes, including finishes in every main card match. Two "Performance of the Night" bonuses were awarded and "Fight of ...
Floyd Mayweather pumps brakes on rematch with Manny Pacquiao
Floyd Mayweather cast some doubt on details of his pending fight with Manny Pacquiao, saying the location has not be set and that the bout will actually just be an exhibition.
UFC brings cage-match bout to White House, home of a president who favors cage-match politics
Trump has boasted that the June 14 event feature “all top guys.” But fans online have panned the White House fight card as underwhelming.
Knicks look to limit SGA in rematch vs. Thunder
The last time the New York Knicks and Oklahoma City Thunder squared off, Knicks coach Mike Brown had some things to say about Thunder star Shai Gilgeous-Alexander after the game.
😳 Mauritania's players battle over Messi and De Paul's shirts!
The Argentina-Mauritania match has left no one indifferent. Because of the 'Dibu' comments, the criticism of the match, and the image of the Mauritania players.'Dibu' Martínez was very critical of Ar...
UFC brings cage-match bout to the White House, home of a president who favors cage-match politics
UFC brings cage-match bout to the White House, home of a president who favors cage-match politicsBy WILL WEISSERTAssociated PressThe Associated PressWASHINGTONPresident Donald Trump is hosting a UFC fight on White House grounds to celebrate his 80th birthday and the nation’s 250th anniversary. Trump has long supported UFC and during his
USMNT vs. Belgium score: Live updates as Christian Pulisic, Kevin de Bruyne face off in pre-World Cup match
Saturday's friendly against Belgium is the second-to-last match before USMNT head coach Mauricio Pochettino names his World Cup roster
Meta vows to appeal social media ruling amid mental health crisis
Meta's Chief Legal Officer CJ Mahoney discusses the company's aggressive appeal against landmark social media rulings regarding teen mental health.
Spalletti wants 6️⃣ signings, Fullkrug, Lang and Koné latest 🔥
Italy is preparing to face Bosnia to book — after 12 years — a place at the USA-Canada-Mexico World Cup.Watch every Serie BKT match live on OneFootball for just €9.99 a month. Click here to buy ...
Cruel Science Teacher Tried To Sabotage A Student’s College Prospects, So Student Fought Back And Embarrassed Her In Front Of The Whole Class
Looks like this cruel teacher had finally met her match.
UFC brings cage-match bout to the White House, home of a president who favors cage-match politics
President Donald Trump is hosting a UFC fight on White House grounds to celebrate his 80th birthday and the nation’s 250th anniversary. Trump has long supported UFC and during his 2024 campaign, he used those ties to attract voters who weren't traditionally politically engaged. The sport aligns w...
UFC brings cage-match bout to the White House, home of a president who favors cage-match politics
President Donald Trump is hosting a UFC fight on White House grounds to celebrate his 80th birthday and the nation’s 250th anniversary
UFC Brings Cage-Match Bout to the White House, Home of a President Who Favors Cage-Match Politics
WASHINGTON (AP) — Cage-match fighting is coming to the White House to fete President Donald Trump, a proud proponent of cage-match politics. In the coming weeks, crews will erect a 6-foot wire-mesh fence shaped into an octagon on the lawn, where UFC fighters will use a combination of kickboxing,
Canadian business stalls over US trade deal jitters
STORY: The Canadian manufacturing hub of Windsor is home to thousands of small and specialized part makers and caters primarily to car companies and equipment manufacturers. The city thrives on close integration with Detroit, America's automotive capital, just across the river.That means it's also on the frontline of tariff and trade uncertainty with Canada's largest trading partner. JACKIE RAYMOND: "Even if we don't directly work with the automotive industry, we indirectly do."Jackie Raymond is co-owner of FASTSIGNS, a Canadian company that designs and installs custom business signs and graphics.The company is coming off its toughest year since the pandemic. Orders from its core automotive clients dried up.And while a new project brought some relief, the company says customers are placing smaller orders, demanding longer payment terms, and bargaining harder on prices.:: FileIt all points to uncertainty tied to the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, which is up for review this year. It's a deal U.S. President Donald Trump has repeatedly said he could scrap.:: Washington, D.C. / December 2, 2025TRUMP: "...and we'll either let it expire or we'll maybe work out another deal with Mexico and Canada...":: FileThe agreement - known as CUSMA north of the border - exempts most Canadian goods from U.S. levies.While Mexico has started formal negotiations with the U.S. over the deal's renewal, Canada has so far only held informal talks.RAYMOND: "I think the CUSMA is very, very important because it trickles down to every little business right down to your barber shop and your nail shop, which will affect all of our customers."The situation in Windsor reflects a broader unease facing Canada's economy, which contracted 0.6% in the fourth quarter. About 90% of the city's exports cross the border, often multiple times during production.Manufacturing accounts for nearly a quarter of employment in the Windsor-Essex region.Its chamber of commerce, which represents about 750 businesses, says companies paused investments, delayed production, and cut jobs at the height of the tariff uncertainty last year. :: FileWindsor partly regained its footing as Trump exempted USMCA-compliant exports from Canada from tariffs in March last year.But uncertainty still drags on business confidence and Windsor's unemployment level remains one of the highest among major cities in Canada.Local shops complain of lower traffic and restaurants report thinner crowds.And builders say the housing market – often among the first sectors to show strain from the knock-on effects of tariff uncertainties – is near a standstill.Brent Klundert of BK Cornerstone, a local real estate builder, said he laid off 13 of his 21 staff as sales and prices slumped last year. "And you know, when people are going to make the biggest investment of their life, they really want confidence in their job, in the longevity of their job in the economy itself. And people lost that due to the tariffs.” // “If we can get through CUSMA, if we can get through our trade agreements with the US, I think that that will add a lot of confidence into the marketplace that we've been lacking.”Since January Klundert has rehired 10 of his employees, hoping homebuyers would start coming back.So far, only a few have.
The Elite 8 begins, plus Tiger’s arrest
Good morning! Make every 0.4 seconds count today. Inside: 📚 Elite 8 storylines 🔢 Hannah Hidalgo did what? Woods arrested after crash Elite Company: Madness, condensed Today, the men’s Elite Eight begins. We considered assembling a matching number of storylines, but the Elite Eight is all about reaching the Final Four, so let’s go with four instead. That might not make total sense, but March is for Madness. Bracket status: The No. 1 seeds: Arizona is the slight favorite per BetMGM. Duke entered t
Arizona softball run-rules Baylor in 1st matchup since 2017
It didn’t make up for 2017, but it didn’t hurt, either.
Angel father says Democrat politicians in his state abandoned daughter
Angel father Joe Abraham said that Democratic leaders in his home state of Illinois abandoned his daughter and his family.
This is a 'huge' political problem for Speaker Johnson, former Biden official warns
Panelists Meghan Hays and Kaylee McGhee White analyze the congressional standoff over DHS funding on ‘America Reports.’
Business Lookahead: Gauging the war's impact
STORY: From a worrying drop in stocks to a surge in energy prices from the war in the Middle East to key data on jobs and trade, these are the stories to watch in business and finance in the coming week. ::Look Ahead::War impactThe first quarter is ending with financial markets at the mercy of geopolitics.The Iran war has wiped roughly $7 trillion off global stocks since it erupted.With oil prices up nearly 70% year to date, suddenly interest rates are heading up, rather than down, and energy-hungry AI does not look like such a slam-dunk anymore.Meanwhile, gold has plunged 16% after being nearly unstoppable since the start of 2025.We’ll see whether markets roll on or rollover as the second quarter begins.::Job growth in focusThe U.S. jobs report for March comes out Friday.It will offer a crucial view into the economy's health as investors gauge fallout from the energy price surge.Monthly payrolls are seen rising by 48,000, according to a Reuters poll. February's surprisingly weak report caught Wall Street off guard, showing nonfarm payrolls fell by 92,000 while the unemployment rate increased to 4.4%.Uncertainty over the Iran war is also clouding the economic forecasts for the Federal Reserve, with Wall Street pulling back on expectations for U.S. interest rate cuts this year as the oil price surge fuels concerns about rising inflation.Other U.S. data in the coming week includes retail sales for February and reports on manufacturing and services activity.::Chip checkSouth Korea releases its trade data for March on Wednesday.It will provide an early indicator of how the global economy is holding up in the face of the war and the resulting shock to energy prices. Korea's export-heavy economy is a bellwether for global trade and one of the first to report data from the previous month.Its manufacturing fortunes are of even greater interest than usual, not just because of its dependence on Middle Eastern energy imports, but also because its world-leading DRAM chips are of critical importance to the AI sector and currently in short supply too. ::Inflation assessmentAnd flash euro zone inflation for March is due on Tuesday. After long hovering around the 2% mark, higher energy prices are now expected to push headline inflation up, as they did in 2022. The question is, how large and sustained any jump in inflation might be.Early data is not painting a pretty picture. Private sector growth in the euro zone slowed sharply in March, with input costs rising to their highest in more than three years and supply chains being significantly disrupted.Money markets are now heavily pricing in a rate hike which was almost unthinkable before the Iran war.
Celtics Announce Jaylen Brown News Before Hawks Game
The Boston Celtics have been dealt a huge blow ahead of their matchup against the Atlanta Hawks.
The Galaxy S26 is a lazy product, but it is still the best at this one thing
Stripped of upgrades, the Galaxy S26 is still unmatched in one very specific area.
Byron Donalds blasts partial DHS funding bill and Senate's political games
Rep. Byron Donald, R-Fla., discusses the partial DHS funding deal, new polling showing voter frustration with Washington, and a key GOP House seat flipping in Florida on 'Varney & Co.'
Miami makes it ‘irresistible’ for businesses to move south, developer says
CP Group managing partner Angelo Bianco speaks exclusively to Fox News Digital about FC Barcelona’s new headquarters office lease in Downtown Miami’s One Biscayne Tower.
Spencer Pratt: Newsom is seeing his political ambitions unravel
Los Angeles mayoral candidate Spencer Pratt explains why he is running and criticizes Mayor Karen Bass on ‘Fox News @ Night.’
Broadcasters navigate scale, complexity of 2026 World Cup
The 2026 FIFA World Cup is poised to be the most expansive and logistically complex broadcast operation the sport has ever seen, as media companies prepare to cover a record number of matches across three host countries while tailoring coverage for a wide range of audiences.
Opioid settlement funds designated to build 60-bed youth behavioral health facility in Anderson
The local nonprofit Family Dynamics Resource Center asked the county board for $2 million as a community match in order to receive $25 million dollars in funding from the state. The funds are intended to allow the organization, which provides counseling and parenting services, to develop a 60-bed behavioral health campus for youth.
Arctic Winter Sea Ice Ties Record Low, NASA, NSIDC Scientists Find
For the second consecutive year, winter sea ice in the Arctic reached a level that matches the lowest peak observed since satellite monitoring began in 1979.
I treasure the moment I fell in love with sport as dearly as a first kiss
On Friday, August 26, 1988, England’s floppy-hatted wicketkeeper Jack Russell made 94 in a Test match against Sri Lanka at Lord’s.
Warriors’ dream seeding, matchup scenarios for 2026 NBA Playoffs
The Warriors' season has not gone according to plan at all, but all hope is not yet lost, especially once Stephen Curry returns from injury.
Wembanyama dominates inside as Spurs trounce Grizzlies 123-98
Victor Wembanyama had 19 points, 15 rebounds and seven blocks as the San Antonio Spurs built an early lead and coasted to a 123-98 victory over the Memphis Grizzlies on Wednesday night. Devin Vassell matched Wembanyama's 19 points, while Stephon Castle and Keldon Johnson finished with 15 points each, as seven Spurs finished in double figures. With its seventh straight victory, San Antonio moved within two games of Oklahoma City for the top spot in the Western Conference as the Boston Celtics stopped the Thunder's 12-game winning streak with a 119-109 victory on Wednesday night.
Wasatch County launches $90,000 small business microgrant program
The microgrant offers a 50/50 matching reimbursement of up to $5,000 for eligible projects that support business growth.
Stars align as healthier Thunder, Celtics match up
The Oklahoma City Thunder will be seeking their 13th consecutive victory when they visit the Boston Celtics on Wednesday night.
Democrats cheer Brian Nathan upset, frame SD 14 flip in Hillsborough as GOP warning sign
The race is expected to draw continued attention as both Nathan and Tomkow head toward a November rematch.
Jake Bobo is thrilled to be back with the Seahawks
Wide receiver Jake Bobo is thrilled to be back with the Seattle Seahawks after they matched his offer sheet.
Player availability report, presented by Orlando Health Orlando Health Jewett Orthopedic Institute: Orlando Pride at Chicago Stars
Here is this week's player availability report, presented by Orlando Health Jewett Orthopedic Institute, for Friday's home match at Chicago Stars
Iowa State vs Tennessee prediction, analysis, Sweet 16 expert picks for men's March Madness
Our March Madness experts analyze the Sweet 16 matchup between No. 2 Iowa State vs No. 6 Tennessee in the 2026 NCAA Tournament on March 27.
Kentucky basketball assembled a $22 million roster. The results never matched the price.
Kentucky is making a bold move that could signal where the future of college sports is headed.
Brian Nathan edges out Josie Tomkow in SD 14 as she pledges a rematch in November
The race was being watched as a potential bellwether ahead of the November Midterms.
These politicians are putting politics over people, Kerri Urbahn says
Fox News legal editor Kerri Urbahn discusses efforts to stop illegal immigration amid instances of crime from illegal migrants on 'The Story.'
NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament: Ranking the Sweet 16 Matchups
FOX Sports' Casey Jacobsen ranks the Sweet 16 matchups in the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament.
Nine Brody School of Medicine students match to ECU Health for residency training
Fourth-year medical students from the Brody School of Medicine learned where they will take on residency during Match Day.
Commentary: Morristown youth sports need more coaches—here’s how to help
A student aims to match experienced athletes with youth leagues in need of coaches.
Playoff-bound Wild, Lightning out to improve positioning
The Minnesota Wild and Tampa Bay Lightning, two powerhouses preparing for the playoffs in their respective conferences, will complete their two-game season series in Tuesday night's matchup in the Sunshine State.
Ruth’s Chris enforces business casual dress code at restaurants
The ‘Nightcap’ panel discusses Ruth’s Chris’ enforcement of a business casual dress code and the viral reaction on social media on 'Fox News @ Night.'
Intel Core Ultra 7 270K Plus Review - Intel's Fastest Gaming CPU
The Intel Core Ultra 7 270K Plus is a game-changer, featuring more cores and larger cache than the 265K, while cutting the launch price to just $300. In gaming, it outperformed all non-X3D Ryzen CPUs, and application performance is impressive as well, matching the much pricier Ryzen 9 9950X.
US soccer legend Landon Donovan details mental health struggles in new book
American soccer great Landon Donovan talks to Fox News Digital about the themes in his new book, "Landon: A Memoir."
Trump to Maria Bartiromo: Iran wants to make a deal badly, could be within 5 days or sooner
Maria Bartiromo reports that President Donald Trump says Iran ‘wants to make a deal badly’ as he orders a five-day pause on planned strikes against key infrastructure, signaling ongoing high-level talks and triggering a sharp market rebound.
Scouting Michigan State basketball Sweet 16 matchup with UConn
Get a first glimpse at the NCAA Tournament East region Sweet 16 semifinal matchup between 3-seed Michigan State basketball and 2-seed UConn.
Two-thirds of workers are burned out—here's what science says about how to tackle it
Burnout is at an all-time high, with some studies saying two-thirds of employees now cite job burnout as a major challenge. Overwork and chronic stress do not just drain energy, they can erode health, ...
Your Thymus and Your Healthspan
Our thymus gland plays a central role in the development or our immune system, specifically for supporting T cell development (how these cells got their name, maturation and differentiation in the thymus) and discriminating between self and foreign, non-self antigen proteins with production of dendritic cells. As we age, our thymus gland shrinks—the process known as involution—with progressive change from spongy to fatty tissue, with loss of functionality. But this process, with respect to timeline and extent, markedly varies from one person to the next. And to make things even more complicated, our thymus gland anatomy and precise location in the chest also is highly variable. So the famous Frank Netter diagrams from the 1960s (such as at left below) don’t capture the remarkable heterogeneity that a random set of 12 chest CT scans (below at right). What I consider as 2 landmark papers in Nature this week (here and here) used AI to quantify health of the thymus in 2 large cohorts, and then correlate the metric to a broad array of health outcomes. In this edition of Ground Truths, I’m going to cover three questions: (1) How was thymus health determined by AI?; (2) How is thymus health linked to key clinical outcomes? and (3) Are there ways we can promote a healthy (aka rejuvenate) thymus gland in our later years? Subscribe 1. How was thymus health determined by AI? This was accomplished by extensive work developing and validating an AI pipeline for 2 stages, the first for localization and segmentation of the thymus bed, and the second to quantify a digital marker, termed the thymic health score. There’s a lot to this algorithmic development, so I won’t go into all the details, but just provide a rudimentary outline of what was done. The 1st stage used supervised learning with 2 radiologists reviewing 2,461 chest CT scans. That work trained a 3D U-Net model to automatically identify the thymic bed’s 3D cropped region using center of mass coordinates, which reached 99.8% accuracy. The 2nd stage used a foundation model that was pre-trained with SwAV (which stands for Swapping Assignment between multiple Views), a self-supervised model, that generated a high-dimensional thymus representation of 4,096 features. That compares to the radiology reductionist and subjective scoring of 0 to 3 where 0 means the thymus is fully degenerated and fatty, and 3 is considered dense, intact glandular soft tissue. Notably, the self-supervised learning (SSL) performance was superior to supervised (AUC ~0.75 vs 0.55, respectively) reflecting the shallowness of the 0-3 classifier vs SSL’s holistic, self-taught AI. The thymic health score ranged from 0 to 100, with the highest number indexed to fully preserved thymic health. The algorithmic work extended to explainability with both Shapely value distribution, meaning the model was holistic not relying on any “magic” pixel, and occlusion sensitivity, demonstrating the model’s performance was not affected by ribs, sternum, lung tissue, but rather focused on the thymic bed directly. Below are a few saliency maps from the occlusion sensitivity that indicate the thymic bed focus, not affected by neighboring structures, using the jet color scale. Now the AI was ready for processing ~25,000 CT scans, each over 30 MB files, from the 2 large participant cohorts to provide a thymic health score, it did so in less than 14 hours, which is less than 2 seconds per scan! Share 2. How is thymus health linked to key clinical outcomes? The two cohorts were the National Lung Screening Trial, NLST (N=25,031) and the Framingham Heart Study, FHS (N=2,581) each with baseline demographics and long term follow up of >12 years for health outcomes. From the NSLT, you can see below that increased age and body-mass index were correlated to reduced thymic health. And, overall, men had reduced thymic health scores compared with women. There are a lot of graphs in the paper for outcomes, for both the NLST and FHS cohorts. To simplify the major outcomes, below is a composite Figure with striking reduction of all-cause mortality and for the different causes of death. The results were consistent between the 2 cohorts. For example, the cardiovascular mortality hazard ratio average was 0.57 in NLST and 0.38 in FHS (weighted to be 0.53 for the aggregate). The reduction of mortality also extended to digestive diseases and pulmonary disease (data not shown below). Lung cancer incidence was reduced by 36% for high vs low thymic health (Figure below, with a panel -incidence and b panel-mortality, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status). Notably, there was a smoker’s paradox: lower incidence and improved survival for lung cancer in smokers who had a high thymus health score. Smoking was associated with lower thymic scores whereas alcohol was not. Higher thymic health was linked to higher HDL cholesterol, lower triglycerides, lower fasting blood glucose, and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Inflammation biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, were elevated in the people with lower thymic health scores. In their second paper, the same team looked at the relationship between thymic score and outcomes for 3,476 patients receiving cancer immunotherapy. The non-small cell lung cancer progression-free survival was reduced in patients with low thymic health score. A parallel relationship for survival was seen for other types of cancer including melanoma, breast, and kidney with a 44% lower risk among high thymic scores (Figure). A similar pattern was seen with different immune checkpoint inhibitors. The thymus health score outperformed programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)and tumor mutation burden (TMB) assay of the tumor and was an independent prognostic marker of progression-free survival. In this dataset, a direct connect with thymus score and adaptive immune function was noted with a correlation before cancer treatment for both T-cell diversity and thymus T-cell production (a metric known as T cell receptor excision circles). Thymus Removal Study There is a highly relevant citation about thymus function before moving onto ways to rejuvenate it. In 2023, a very important study of thymus removal during cardiothoracic surgery was published, with 1146 patients undergoing thymus removal vs 1146 matched controls (mean age 55 years). The adverse outcomes for thymus removal were striking, with a 2.9 higher risk of all-cause mortality and doubling of cancer incidence, 1.5 fold increase in cancer mortality, and 1.5-fold increase in autoimmune diseases. The immune function showed marked compromise after thymus removal, as reflected by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Figure below) Share Ground Truths 3. Are there ways we can promote a healthy (aka rejuvenate) thymus gland in our later years? In recent months we’ve learned a lot about the process of thymus involution and the pathways by which this may be modulated. Thymus involution is primarily due to loss to thymus epithelial cells (TECs) and there are 2 subtypes with different functions: the cortical, responsible for positive selection of T cells, and the medullary, for negative selection. When adipose tissue infiltrates the thymus, thymic adipocytes are pro-inflammatory, knocking out T-cell output. Likewise, systemic inflammation, or “inflammaging,” from smoking, obesity, and chronic stress promote thymic adipocytes. Now, from preclinical studies, we know about key pathways that account for these processes. Historically, back in 2014, FOXN1 was recognized as a single master transcription factor essential for TEC function, with studies in mice with forced FOXN1 upregulation leading to thymus regeneration. That laid the foundation for potential regrowth of quiescent thymus cells. It took awhile to find pathways to accomplish this goal and to even refute its role as the master regulator. The Liver-Thymus Axis Feng Zhang and his team recently showed that injection of an mRNA vaccine to the liver encoding DLL1, IL-7 and FLT3-L in combination, factors known to support thymopoiesis (Figure), successfully enhanced immune function in aged mice. However, the effect was transient. The FGF21 Story Two reports in 2025 addressed the thymus gland’s production of FGF21, a growth factor (fibroblast growth factor 21) and its control of thymus involution. This growth factor is also produced by the liver, but it doesn’t have impact on the thymus in aged rodent models. In contrast, The liver’s hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to reverse senescent TEC structural changes. Growth hormone stimulates production of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the liver and the thymus. Two small studies in human participants (TRIIM, for Thymus Regeneration, Immunorestoration, and Insulin Mitigation) of 6 and 50 people, respectively, treated with combined human growth hormone, metformin and DHEA, suggested the potential of slowing epigenetic aging and improving thymus mass and function. But the combination of drugs, small sample, and lack of controls make conclusions murky. Increased thymus FGF21 led to increased CD8 T cells in old mice and extended healthspan and improved physical performance. Building on the previous FOXN1 data, ablation of β-klotho, the obligatory co-receptor for FOXN1, accelerated thymic aging. The benefit to FGF21 was confirmed in a companion paper using an FGF21 knock-in mouse model showing thymus enlargement and increased TECs throughout the lifespan. (schematic Figure below). The accompanying editorial for these 2 papers speculated: “The proposed link between age-associated thymus involution and organismal aging is intriguing, and suggests we might seek to achieve systemic rejuvenation by counteracting thymic involution.” Other Factors Lessons from the Axolotl (Mexican Salamander) In an elegant set of experiments of the axolotl (Figure), known for its complete thymus regeneration after total surgical removal, mediators were identified. Surprisingly FOXN1 was dispensable. But midkine, a growth factor, appeared to be the driver, the initiator of thymus cell growth, survival, and repair. Other components that contributed were Postn+ (periostin-expressing mesenchymal niches) and Ccl19, a chemokine protein from the bloodstream. RANK and RANKL RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB its ligand (RANKL) have been considered key regulators of medullary TECs. In a study of both aged mice and human thymus cell cultures, their key role was confirmed, with multiple benefits of resorting TEC function, recruitment of progenitor cells, and T cell development. Subscribe Summing Up This body of work strongly supports the health of the thymus gland as a critical regulator of human healthspan, not just a correlate or link. The new landmark studies are reinforced by the regenerative biology experimental models that have shown, via an array of mediators, that healthspan of aged mice is at least in part dependent on thymus gland function and its critical role for maintaining adaptive immunity. It sure seems that we’d be better off having an immune reservoir of naive T cells instead of a profile in older adults of exhausted, low quality, memory T cells, with a senescent phenotype. It is striking that we ignored the importance of the thymus gland for many decades. A wake-up call was the results of the thymectomy matched control study reviewed here, with the opposite of high thymic health score improved health outcomes. The convergence of AI and healthspan here is notable. The exceptional and laborious work for developing and validating (no less explaining) the AI to quantify thymus health set the foundation for probing the connect the major health outcomes in two cohorts with extensive follow-up. We’ve never had a way to meaningfully quantify the thymus gland before, so this represents important leverage of supervised, self-supervised, and transformer models. The study wouldn’t have been possible without AI. And it begs the question as to whether there are ways we can maintain our thymus at a high health score. But it’s not so simple to rejuvenate our thymus. There are multiple risks including the induction of autoimmunity, increasing the risk of cancer, and inducing a pro-inflammatory state. For example, factors that increase TEC proliferation could compromise the medulllary negative selection process and leak out auto-reactive (self-attacking) T cells. Thymic cells could be induced to proliferate, but we know, for example, that growth hormone and IGF-1 are associated with an increase risk of cancer. If thymus rejuvenation doesn’t clear out the accumulated senescent cells in older adults, then inflammation within the gland could block the production of TECs. Keeping these risks in mind, we now have identified many ways to keep our thymus healthy as we age that undoubtedly will be tested in clinical trials going forward. Ultimately, the benefit-to-risk tradeoffs will be defined. In the meantime, we have desperately needed an immunome. As I’ve stressed in multiple prior Ground Truths, we have no test in the clinic to assess a patient’s immune status! It was very encouraging for me to get an email from Hugo Aerts, the senior author of the landmark papers in the days after they were published: “I also wanted to say that your Substack on “Why We Need an Immunome” was inspiring for this work. We found it a very compelling perspective and greatly enjoyed reading it.” Just having an assessment of a person’s immune status via a chest CT scan, with millions of these performed per year, might help in guiding the right immunotherapy for cancer (e.g. more intensive, combinations for those with low thymic health scores) and help define people who are increased risk for age-related diseases of cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative. The main theme of Super Agers is that we now have many layers of data (genetics, proteins, biomarkers, organ clocks that can be integrated via multimodal AI) for us to define a person’s specific risk decades before one of these age-related diseases leads to symptoms, enabling prevention. From the new studies this week, we can add thymus health score as yet another way to understand a person’s risk, a window into their adaptive immune system and healthspan. And perhaps someday we will be able to safely rejuvenate the thymus, or maintain its health through one’s life, and use the thymus health score to monitor. NB: I wrote this post (No A.I.) A Quick Poll Loading... ********************************************************************* Thanks to Ground Truths subscribers (now > 200,000) from every US state and 212 countries. Your subscription to these free essays and podcasts makes my work in putting them together worthwhile. Please join! If you found this interesting PLEASE share it! Share Ground Truths Paid subscriptions are voluntary and all proceeds from them go to support Scripps Research. They do allow for posting comments and questions, which I do my best to respond to. Please don’t hesitate to post comments and give me feedback. Let me know topics that you would like to see covered. Leave a comment Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund our summer internship programs for the past two years. It enabled us to accept and support 47 summer interns in 2025! We aim to accept even more of the several thousand who will apply for summer 2026.
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