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At new FDLE forensic training lab, UCF students get real-world experience with scientists
As business concerns mount, Washington Gov. Bob Ferguson taps Amazon, Microsoft and others to shape economic strategy
The group includes leaders from technology, aerospace, organized labor, higher education, tribal governments, ports and economic development organizations who will advise the governor on policies aimed at strengthening Washington's economy.
Nintendo has suddenly announced a new Direct livestream for tomorrow
Whether you are a kid or a squid, you can tune in for more details on the single-player adventure game.
Local government officials are discussing public business behind closed doors. Is that legal?
Transparency advocates say small group “check-ins” violate the spirit and purposes of North Carolina’s open meetings law.
BCBSM billing change could limit access to mental health care, psychiatric offices say
A recent billing change announced by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan will affect access to mental health care across the state, according to psychiatric offices. The insurance provider says the change is in line with up-to-date guidance.
DMC Sinai-Grace holds 2nd annual health fair with free screenings, food, entertainment
DMC Sinai-Grace Hospital is taking patient care beyond the hospital walls and into the heart of the Detroit community.
DMC Sinai-Grace holds 2nd annual health fair with free screenings, food, entertainment
DMC Sinai-Grace Hospital is taking patient care beyond the hospital walls and into the heart of the Detroit community.
The Latest: Trump says Iran wants a meeting. Tehran says nothing's scheduled
President Donald Trump says Iran requested a meeting that would happen Tuesday in Qatar, but Tehran says nothing's scheduled.
World Cup: our breakout XI from the group stage ⚡️
They made a name for themselves!The World Cup, even more so with 48 teams, is always an opportunity to discover new players, but also to allow others to truly make themselves known to the general publ...
UC Berkeley is establishing the Nancy Pelosi Institute to address democracy's challenges
Former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and the University of California, Berkeley, are partnering to form a new nonpartisan academic institute they say will be dedicated to strengthening democracy.
AP Decision Notes: What to expect in Colorado's state primary
Democratic voters in Colorado will decide in a state primary which of two well-known statewide officeholders to nominate to replace term-limited Democratic Gov. Jared Polis.
Kara Swisher took Silicon Valley by force. Now she's eyeing influence in the 2028 campaign
Kara Swisher is expanding her influence from tech journalism to politics.
Insider Sale: CEO of Business Group of $BABA Sells 13,579 Shares
Fan (FJ) Jiang, the CEO of Business Group of $BABA, sold 13,579 shares of the company on 06-25-2026 for an estimated $164,305. We received data on the trade from a recent SEC filing. This was a sale of approximately 2.4% of their shares of this class of stock. Following this trade, they now own 556,617 shares of this class of $BABA stock.$BABA Insider Trading Activity$BABA insiders have traded $BABA stock on the open market 7 times in the past 6
From invention to impact: Hong Kong Science Fair gives young innovators a wider stage
Organised by the Hong Kong Innovation Foundation, with Sino Group as Principal Patron and the Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau as Supporting Bureau, the Fifth Hong Kong Science Fair has drawn to a close. Students are already looking beyond their prototypes, with international exchanges and future applications now firmly in sight.
BT and Verizon to create joint global business in $625m deal
UK telecoms group’s 50/50 venture ends more than 18-month search for a buyer of its international operations
BT and Verizon to create new international business in $625mn deal
New 50:50 venture will be milestone in UK group’s strategy of refocusing on its domestic operations
Verizon, BT Are Said to Near JV Deal for International Business
Verizon Communications Inc. is in advanced talks to combine some of its international business with that of the UK’s BT Group Plc, according to people familiar with the matter.
Is this World Cup now Europe v South America? Which giants fall today? Day 18 recap
Sunday was the strangest day of this World Cup, in that there was only one match, sandwiched between days with six and three respectively. This was for scheduling reasons: no third-placed sides could have played on Sunday, given that the identity of the eight sides and their precise fixtures had only been decided on Saturday night. It would also have been impossible to organise fixtures between any other winners and runners-up while also giving them a reasonable — and relatively similar — number of days since their final group stage fixture. In the game that did happen, co-hosts Canada...
Paso Robles unveils entertainment lineup for July 4th celebration at Barney Schwartz Park
The evening's entertainment will begin at 5:30 p.m. with a performance by Garden Party, a local group playing music from the 1960s and 1970s.
Efzimfotase alfa demonstrated improvements in bone health in treatment-naïve pediatric patients with hypophosphatasia achieving median difference of 1.67 vs placebo in RGI-C Score at week 25 in MULBERRY Phase III trial
Positive results from the MULBERRY Phase III trial showed that efzimfotase alfa (ALXN1850), an investigational enzyme replacement therapy, demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in bone health in children (2 to
World Cup: the group-stage disappointments 🥶
They could still wake up... or not.This Sunday evening at 9 p.m., the knockout stage of the 2026 World Cup begins with the first round-of-32 match between Canada and South Africa.The group stage has n...
Healthcare groups clash over proposed California billionaire tax
California voters in November are set to decide if the state's billionaires should face a new tax on their assets in order to fund healthcare programs.
Healthcare groups clash over proposed California billionaire tax
California voters in November are set to decide if the state's billionaires should face a new tax on their assets in order to fund healthcare programs.
Family visited Water Park Capital of the World; wouldn't do it again
Wisconsin Dells, "Water Park Capital of the World" had many family-friendly activities for our multigenerational travel group, but the cons added up.
Democrats wrestle with race, populism and ideology in clashes with lawmakers of color
The Democratic Party is confronting its long-standing dilemmas over identity and ideology as it wrestles with populist challengers in communities of color.
Humor laurels for comedian Bill Maher as the Kennedy Center navigates Trump-era upheaval
Comedian Bill Maher is set to receive the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor at the Kennedy Center.
Humor laurels for comedian Bill Maher as the Kennedy Center navigates Trump-era upheaval
Comedian Bill Maher is set to receive the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor at the Kennedy Center.
Humor laurels for comedian Bill Maher as the Kennedy Center navigates Trump-era upheaval
Comedian Bill Maher is set to receive the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor at the Kennedy Center.
America split from monarchy 250 years ago. Trump's presidency is testing how far it's come
America is getting ready to celebrate the 250th anniversary since it split from Britain's monarchy and embarked on its experiment in democracy.
America split from monarchy 250 years ago. Trump's presidency is testing how far it's come
America is getting ready to celebrate the 250th anniversary since it split from Britain's monarchy and embarked on its experiment in democracy.
‘AIDS is not over:’ Behind a local group’s awareness campaign for HIV funding
Walk through East Liberty, Bloomfield or other Pittsburgh neighborhoods and you might see flyers with black-and-pink block print and an urgent message:...
South Korea's World Cup Exit Stuns Football, Entertainment Industries
South Koreas World Cup Exit Stuns Football, Entertainment Industries Hong Myung-bos squad finishes third in group; entertainment programs face awkward invitations amid lack of inspiring content
Inside country legend Alan Jackson's triumphant finale concert
Country music legend Alan Jackson has ended his touring career.
📝 2026 World Cup, overnight round-up
Every morning, OneFootball will bring you a full recap of the night at the World Cup. The can't-miss story of the nightThat's it, the group stage of this World Cup is now officially over, and the hea...
4 Takeaways From A Dramatic Ending Between Austria And Algeria In The Group J Finale
In what was the most dramatic ending to a group-stage match at the 2026 FIFA World Cup, Austria and Algeria played to a wild 3-3 draw at Kansas City Stadium on Saturday night.
Messi Becomes First Player To Score In Seven Straight World Cup Matches
Lionel Messi has become the first player to score in seven consecutive World Cup games while extending his all-time scoring record with his 19th goal in Argentina’s group stage finale against Jordan.
2026 World Cup Group J: Wild Austria-Algeria tie locks Iran out of knockout rounds
Here's how everything shook out in Group J of the World Cup.
LGBTQ+ Pride parades set for Sunday in NYC and San Francisco
Pride Month celebrations are peaking with big parades in New York, San Francisco and some other cities on Sunday.
Today's NYT Connections: Sports Edition Hints, Answers for June 28 #643
Here's today's Connections: Sports Edition answer and hints for groups. These clues will help you solve The New York Times' popular puzzle game, Connections: Sports Edition, every day.
South Korea's 'dismal' World Cup ends in group phase
South Korea's turbulent World Cup ended at the group phase on Saturday and could lead to the international retirement of captain Son Heung-min."Son Heung-min's final World Cup ends in heartbreak," a headline said.
2026 World Cup: Colombia wins Group K thanks to Portugal draw as DR Congo also advances
We won't get a meeting between Messi and Ronaldo in the quarterfinals.
BET Awards: Druski to make history as youngest host as show honors Lauryn Hill and Teyana Taylor
Druski will make history as the youngest host of the BET Awards on Sunday.
BET Awards: Druski to make history as youngest host as show honors Lauryn Hill and Teyana Taylor
Druski will make history as the youngest host of the BET Awards on Sunday.
FIFA World Cup: England is coming to Atlanta
As the Group Stage concludes, Atlanta has more world-class soccer and excitement to look forward to.
San Antonio Pride festival celebrates LGBTQ+ community, raises money for local nonprofits
Thousands of people were expected at Crockett Park on Saturday for the Pride Bigger Than Texas Festival, an eight-hour celebration of LGBTQ+ history, resilience and community support.
Scotland's elimination from World Cup confirmed
Scotland are out of the 2026 World Cup as they are unable to finish the group stage as one of the eight best third-placed teams.
ABC7 reporter goes viral after declaring she doesn’t want to know anything about Bosnia
An ABC7 Los Angeles reporter has gone viral ahead of the United States’ World Cup round of 32 matchup with Bosnia and Herzegovina next Wednesday in Santa Clara, and not for the right reasons Reporter Abigail Velez, wrapping a live shot from Long Beach following the UMSNT’s group-stage loss to Türkiye, announced proudly that she…
Open 2026 World Cup Watch Thread: Day 17
It’s the final day of the group stage, and there’s another six games on the schedule.
Is Tencent Music Entertainment Group (TME) A Bargain Following Its Sharp Pullback?
Tencent Music Entertainment Group (TME) has drawn fresh attention after recent trading left the stock down about 9% over the past month and about 11% over the past 3 months, which has sharpened the focus on its current valuation. See our latest analysis for Tencent Music Entertainment Group. At a recent share price of $8.39, Tencent Music Entertainment Group has posted a year to date share price decline of about 53% and a 1 year total shareholder return decline of about 55%. However, the 3...
A CHAOTIC FINISH TO GROUP G 🤯
A CHAOTIC FINISH TO GROUP G 🤯 See how much the standings changed on Friday night!
Is 10,000 Steps a Day Actually Based on Science? Here's What the Research Says
The 10,000 steps target came from a 1960s Japanese marketing campaign, not clinical research. Here's what the evidence actually supports about daily step counts, mortality risk, and what a realistic goal looks like for most people.
World Cup schedule, live updates: England, Portugal and Argentina back in action as group play ends
Ryman Hospitality Addresses Reports About Opry Entertainment Group
Ryman Hospitality Properties addressed recent media reports regarding its Opry Entertainment Group business.
How to Watch the World Cup Today: Schedule, Times, TV, Streaming for Argentina, England, Portugal, More
Argentina, England, Portugal and more close out group stage play today at the 2026 FIFA World Cup. All 6 matches air on FOX and FS1.
World Cup: Reijnders and Ake involved in Netherlands victory
Tijjani Reijnders and Nathan Ake eased past Tunisia in a 3-1 victory to top Group F.The two City stars started brightly for their nation and it wouldn’t be long until the early pressure paid off.Fol...
Why didn’t Arsenal’s Saliba play against Norway?
France eased past Norway to top their World Cup group on Friday night, but William Saliba was unavailable for the game as he continues to manage his back injury.Photo by Darrian Traynor/Getty ImagesFr...
Country music icons play final show after 6 decades together: ‘What a run we’ve had’
The popular group thanked fans as it took its final bow.
Fallout from USMNT loss to Turkey and previewing the Mbappe-Haaland clash
On today’s show, we look back at the United States’ final group stage match against Turkey and evaluate their readiness for the Round of 32. Manchester City insider Sam Lee joins us to preview the tournament’s first true superstar heavyweight clash as Kylian Mbappe and France square off against Erling Haaland and Norway in a battle for Group I supremacy. Plus, The Athletic’s Jay Harris is back in the studio to break down the latest bracketology, advancement percentages, and qualification permutations for Groups G, H, and I using The Athletic’s World Cup Tracker.
Nigel Farage’s anti-WHO campaign moves to US with allies added to board
Relocation of Action on World Health raises questions over why Reform UK leader is involved in a US pressure group
Nigel Farage’s anti-WHO campaign moves to US with allies added to board
Relocation of Action on World Health raises questions over why Reform UK leader is involved in a US pressure group
Colombia vs. Portugal scenarios, explained: How final Group K game will impact 2026 World Cup bracket
Colombia and Portugal clash in one of the most intriguing games in the final round of group-stage matches at the World Cup.
Stenberg Excited To Join Sharks, Believes He’s NHL-Ready
Ivar Stenberg says he is ready to be in the NHL next season. After being drafted No. 2 overall by the San Jose Sharks, he becomes yet another another big-name, highly-skilled player in their under-23 group. “They have something really good going on, so super happy to join a special group,” Stenberg said. The 5-foot-11 […] The post Stenberg Excited To Join Sharks, Believes He’s NHL-Ready appeared first on San Jose Hockey Now.
Messi to start final Argentina group match on bench
World Cup top scorer Lionel Messi will start Argentina's final group match against Jordan on the bench, manager Lionel Scaloni confirms.
States seek to lower drug prices by targeting the companies that manage them for health plans
Legislators across the U.S. are trying to lower prescription costs by reining in big companies that handle drug coverage for health insurers.
Baylor teen health clinics provide free medical care, mental health services
According to the latest U.S. Census data, Texas leads the nation in the number of uninsured residents.
Muslera blunders, sets unwanted Cup record, and socials pounce
In Guadalajara, Mexico, Spain is leading Uruguay 1-0 this Friday (26), in the third round of the group stage of the 2026 FIFA World Cup.La Celeste’s partial defeat, in fact, is securing Cape Verde��...
KATSEYE addresses speculation over Manon's future with group
KATSEYE is asking fans for patience as Manon Bannerman's health-related hiatus stretches into its fifth month.
140 Kauai Coffee jobs saved through new land lease agreement
The lease agreement between Kauai Coffee’s parent company, Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group, and landowner Brue Baukol Capital Partners was finalized after nearly two years of negotiations
Congress Revives SAFE Banking Bill For Cannabis Businesses
A bipartisan group of lawmakers has renewed the push to let banks serve state-legal cannabis businesses without fear of federal penalties.
Kroenke Sports & Entertainment deemed most valuable sports empire
The Jones family ($17.6B) and Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment ($16.91B) followed KS&E in the CNBC rankings.
Manufacturing business cuts ribbon in Putnam County, set to bring 120 jobs to area
The operation is a joint venture between global engineering group Sandvik and mining company Alpha Metallurgical Resources.
Civility advocates look for ways to restore 'Iowa Nice' to campaigns, public discourse
A group of former and current officeholders are looking to encourage civility by encouraging civic participation and civil interactions.
Your Social Security benefits could be cut by a quarter in 2032. Here’s what to know
Americans’ Social Security benefits will have to be cut by roughly a quarter in six years due to depleted funds, according to a June 9 report from the Social Security Board of Trustees. That’s months sooner than the group had estimated in 2025.
Rock Creek Entertainment District under siege in new lawsuit
A citizens group has sued to block Norman's $1.1 billion Rock Creek Entertainment District, alleging constitutional and Open Meetings Act violations.
Ryman Hospitality Addresses Possible Sale of Opry Entertainment Group
Corporation officials say they are exploring the possible sale of a 70 percent stake in the entertainment entity, but there are no agreements in place and ‘no assurances any transaction will occur.’
Triller ghosts workers and stakes its future on SpaceX
A group of employees at Triller, a media upstart, said they haven't been paid in a year or heard from their bosses in months.
From The Sports Desk: The U.S. lost, but also saw return of star Christian Pulisic
The Americans may have lost their final group stage. But Pulisic, who had been nursing a calf injury, returned to action. He’s back just in time for the start of the knockout round.
TLC stage musical “CrazySexyCool” reveals exclusive first look images of T-Boz, Left Eye, and Chilli
The 1990s girl group gets their story told on stage.
Las Vegas group, school launch scholarship to expand access to skilled trades
The National Association of Women in Construction Las Vegas recently launched a new scholarship in partnership with trade school Quality Training Centers. The scholarship is intended to expose more...
Newsom urges a national 'billionaires' tax' while fighting one in California
California Gov. Gavin Newsom is calling for a national “billionaires' tax” and suggests the U.S. government should own a stake in AI companies.
Boniakowski: Electrical supply business buys Princeton commercial buildings for $1.9 million
An electrical supply company has acquired two adjacent buildings in Princeton for a combined $1.9 million, in a set of deals arranged by The Boniakowski Commercial Real Estate Group.
Sweden and WHO launch new long-term initiative to transform Ukraine’s health system
WHO and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) have launched a new multi-year cooperation project to support the long-term recovery and transformation of Ukraine’s health system. The new project, “Ukraine’s Health System Transformation Initiative: Strengthening Health Governance, Health Financing and Service Delivery for Long-Term Recovery”, was launched at the Ukraine Recovery Conference 2026 in Gdansk, Poland on 26 June, and will run from June 2026 to 2029. Sweden will contribute approximately US$ 26 million (240 million Swedish krona) to support this project. This contribution forms part of Sweden’s broader support to Ukraine through the Team Europe approach, which brings together the European Union, its Member States, and key partners such as the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Enlargement and Eastern Neighbourhood and Enabel, and WHO as lead health agency, to support Ukraine’s recovery, reform agenda and European integration.“Ukraine’s health recovery cannot be measured only by what is rebuilt, but by whether people can count on the health system when they need it most. The scale of the task is immense, with health reconstruction and modernization needs estimated at US$ 19.4 billion over the next decade. Sweden’s US$ 26 million contribution to Ukraine’s Health System Transformation Initiative is a timely investment in the institutions, financing and services that will support Ukraine’s long-term recovery and European integration. WHO remains a trusted partner of the Government of Ukraine in advancing this process. I am deeply grateful to Sweden for its consistent support and partnership,” said Dr Hans Henri P. Kluge, WHO Regional Director for Europe. More than 4 years of war have placed unprecedented pressure on Ukraine’s health system, creating 3 interconnected challenges. The first is responding to the immediate consequences of the war and the urgent health needs of the population. The second is recovering and modernizing health services today. The third is continuing reforms and aligning the health system with European standards in the context of Ukraine’s future accession to the European Union. The war has led to large-scale population displacement, an increasing need for trauma care and rehabilitation, and shortages of health workers. High out-of-pocket payments in Ukraine make access to health services more difficult. Around 46% of total health expenditure is paid directly by individuals, placing a significant financial burden on many households and underscoring the need for reforms in health financing. Older people, persons with disabilities, women, children and veterans continue to face the greatest difficulties in accessing health services. “Ukraine is demonstrating that health system transformation can continue even during war. Ukraine is also continuing to align its health system with European norms and standards. WHO is committed to supporting Ukraine on this journey. We provide technical support, help coordinate partners’ efforts and support the institutional changes needed to strengthen the system. We are grateful to Sweden for its support. Through this partnership, we can help Ukraine build a more resilient, accessible and people-centred health system,” said Dr Jarno Habicht, WHO Representative in Ukraine. About the Health System Transformation InitiativeThe new initiative will support Ukraine through 3 interconnected areas: strengthening governance and coordination of health sector reforms through more inclusive coordination platforms and structured policy dialogue; transforming service delivery by reinforcing a primary health care-centred model that integrates family medicine, nursing and midwifery; and improving financial sustainability by supporting reforms that ensure the long-term viability of the national health system and reduce out-of-pocket payments for households. Overall, these reforms are expected to make the health system more coherent and easier to navigate, improve the quality and continuity of care, and ensure more equitable access to services, particularly for those who need them most. They will also support Ukraine’s progress towards a more modern health system aligned with European standards. “We are convinced that long-term recovery is not possible without strong, high-quality, person-centred health services that are accessible to everyone. Our partnership with WHO is designed to support deep and lasting systemic changes. Investments in human capital especially autonomous midwives, whose role for maternal, newborn and adolescent sexual and reproductive health cannot be understated, stronger governance, digital transformation and the financial sustainability of the health system are investments in Ukraine’s future. We are proud to support this process,” said Malin Perhult, the Head of the Ukraine Unit at Sida. Focus throughout implementation will be given to the most vulnerable population groups, including older people, women and children, and persons with disabilities, who have been affected by the war and face greater health-care needs. The initiative will be implemented in close cooperation with the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the National Health Service of Ukraine, the Public Health Centre of Ukraine, regional authorities and international partners. This project will help Ukraine move towards a system where everyone can access the health care they need. It will strengthen primary care, make the health finance system more stable and predictable, and reduce the out-of-pocket costs that Ukrainians face when using health services. As a result, the Ukrainian health system will become more aligned with European standards and more sustainable in the long run.
Egypt vs Iran at World Cup 2026 – Salah, prediction, lineups, how to watch
Mohamed Salah's Egypt and Mehdi Taremi's Iran are both in the hunt for the FIFA World Cup knockouts in Group G.
CNBC's Most Valuable Sports Empires 2026: Here's how the world's top 20 stack up
The world's 20 most valuable sports ownership groups are worth a combined $269 billion, according to CNBC's Most Valuable Sports Empires 2026.
CORUS ENTERTAINMENT ANNOUNCES FISCAL 2026 THIRD QUARTER RESULTS
CorusEntertainmentInc. (TSX: CJR.B) announced its third quarter financial results today.
NTT DATA | Transforming Data Into Exceptional Fan Experience
We worked with Penske Automotive Group to create a mobile application to amplify the fan experience and make the iconic Indianapolis Motor Speedway a smart venue through NTT Smart Solutions.
Remembering Victory Stadium: How Roanoke’s lost landmark changed sports and civil rights
It’s been 20 years since Victory Stadium was demolished, but the memories and legacy remain alive in Roanoke.
Ohio Black-owned businesses, payroll has increased, bringing bigger share of economy to group
According to analysis of national census data, black-owned businesses in Ohio continue to increase payroll, and drive jobs and income in the state.
World Cup 2026: USMNT stunned by Türkiye in stoppage time, losing perfect group stage run
Hollywood gets into the microdrama race as mobile-first storytelling draws stars and major studios
Mobile-first serialized storytelling is rapidly becoming one of entertainment's fastest-growing businesses.
4 Takeaways From USA's Last-Second World Cup Loss To Türkiye
So much for a perfect group stage. But the USA can now turn its attention toward the knockout stages.
EVA HENRY: Corruption resurfaces in Adams, Arapahoe County politics linked to One Main Street
Corporate dark money groups are funneling millions into eleven different races statewide.
USA vs. Türkiye score, live updates: USMNT finishes group play before knockout match with Bosnia and Herzegovina
World Cup 2026: Christian Pulisic won't start for USMNT's group stage finale against Türkiye
David Clayton-Thomas, Blood, Sweat and Tears singer, dies at 84
David Clayton-Thomas, best known as the lead singer of the Grammy-winning jazz rock group Blood, Sweat & Tears, has died. He was 84.
2026 World Cup Is Putting FIFA’s Rules on Political Neutrality to the Test
The World Cup is in full swing across North America, and the U.S. men’s team faces Turkey in its final group round appearance on Thursday. But behind the cheering fans and nail biting matches, FIFA's commitment to political neutrality is put to the test. Marisa sits down with Tariq Panja, global sports correspondent at The New York Times. They dig into the politics behind the games, from restrictions on Iran’s team and President Trump’s unusually close relationship with FIFA president Giann
Monkey Business: Wild rhesus macaque spotted at Mount Dora hotel
A wild rhesus macaque was spotted at the historic Lakeside Inn in Mount Dora, Florida, spending about 45 minutes roaming the property and attracting attention from guests and staff. The hotel and local businesses responded with humorous, monkey-themed social media content, engaging the community. Wildlife officials cautioned the public not to approach or feed wild monkeys due to potential health risks and encouraged reporting sightings to authorities. The monkey has not returned to the hotel but has been seen elsewhere in downtown Mount Dora.
Making Our Own Luck
We are cross-posting a piece that former NIH official Kris Willis wrote for Macroscience. Kris is now the President and Founder of the Woodley Park Institute, for which I’m a board member. Picking winners or hedging bets? Federal science agencies have long wrestled with the question of how to ensure their billions of dollars of grants and contracts result in maximum benefits for Americans. On the surface, it might seem that a goal-oriented, interventionist style of management would be the best policy: prioritize our most pressing problems and distribute funding accordingly.This top-down strategy creates a unique hazard, though: bad choices can send resources in the wrong direction, resulting in slow progress that impedes the delivery of tangible benefits to citizens. Moreover, if decision makers pursue an applied advance when the underlying scientific principles remain poorly understood, they risk costly failures and a loss of support for the research enterprise at large. Examples include Nixon’s 1971 War on Cancer, undertaken on the premise that a cure could be achieved in less than a decade, the drive to build an operational commercial fusion plant by the mid-1990s, and the National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease, which failed to produce the effective treatments and prevention strategies promised by 2025. The contrasting laissez-faire approach is to hedge your bets. If the path to an advance is impossible to predict, then the wisest choice might be to distribute funding to as widely as possible. The main risk of this strategy is that spreading funding thinly may limit the resources available to the most promising research, resulting in the same negative outcomes as the interventionist approach: limited support for the most promising topics, slow progress, and delayed returns. In reality, at science agencies like the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health, program managers navigate between these two extremes, setting some funds aside to target high-priority areas and using the rest to cover the widest possible range of meritorious proposals. This middle path seems like the most rational way to proceed, but it still requires making choices. How much should be set aside for high priority topics? What should those topics be? How should we define merit? Expert opinion can provide a helpful guide, but leading experts can have remarkably different opinions about what matters and what should be prioritized. Moreover, experts and administrators alike can be risk averse, giving an edge to high-profile, well-established concepts. What’s really needed is a data-driven framework to help guide decision-making, one that doesn’t simply repackage prestige or incumbency. Recognizing breakthroughs years in advance Many breakthroughs fail to attract funding or recognition at the earliest stages of development. Katalin Karikó, for example, spent years struggling to win grants for work on mRNA that would eventually win her and Drew Weissman a Nobel Prize. Similar stories can be told about Jim Allison’s groundbreaking studies leading to the development of cancer immunotherapy, Stan Pruisner’s demonstration that prions can self-replicate without DNA, or Robin Warren and Barry Marshall’s proof that Helicobacter pylori, not stress, causes ulcers. Yet at some point, the scientific community recognizes and responds to transformative breakthroughs like these. How does that change happen? And what if science funders could identify the areas that are on the cusp of a breakthrough? Those questions led my collaborators and me to study how scientists responded to past breakthroughs. Based on patterns in that data, we developed a means of predicting future breakthroughs, using biomedicine as a proof of concept. It’s worth taking a moment to describe how our approach works. Briefly, our prediction process begins by grouping the 18 million or so peer-reviewed papers in PubMed, the authoritative database of biomedical research, into roughly 50,000 unique topics. A small subset of these topics are so widely acclaimed as breakthroughs that they have been recognized with a major prize like a Nobel or a Lasker Award. We theorized that studying the development of these outliers over time, especially before they gained acclaim, was the key to identifying future instances of them. After defining topics, we chose 21 representative breakthroughs and asked what they looked like before they won prestigious prizes. To answer that question, we re-ran our topic-mapping algorithm repeatedly, winding back the clock one year each time, stringing together the years to follow the progress of each field as it grew and advanced. We found that in each case, the years leading up to a discovery followed a pattern: a burst of papers on a new, rapidly evolving topic, many of which quickly became influential. These characteristics—the percent of papers that are new, the percentage of papers that are brought in from other topics, and the influence of each individual paper—can all be measured separately for any given topic. Together, they act as a predictive signal that is detectable an average of five years before a transformative discovery is made, and up to thirty years before the discovery receives a major prize. Scanning the current research landscape for topics that display this signal allows us to predict what work will likely produce a future breakthrough. Each year we analyzed includes four or five signals, a number that appears to have remained constant across a twenty year time frame. In their classic work on the sociology of science, Bruno Latour and Steve Woolgar established that the desire to participate in a major discovery is an important motivator for scientists as they consider whether they should take up (or abandon) a research problem. Although further work is needed, the simplest explanation for our results is that this behavior is widespread enough to detect at scale. A foundational advance, or something like it, draws the attention of scientists and causes them to change the direction of their research. They vote with their feet, staking their own reputation and careers by publishing on and citing the new idea. That upswell of interest is the foundation of our breakthrough signal. What kind of research does our model identify as a breakthrough? After building a model based on the patterns in our 21 preselected breakthroughs, we tested it by identifying all early signals of discovery from 1994 through 1997. Of the 18 signals we found in that time period, 17 can be traced forward in time to a breakthrough. Examples include super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (see the image above), the directed evolution of proteins and enzymes (Chemistry Nobel, 2018), and sequencing the human genome (National Medal of Science, 2008). The discovery of the role of leptin signaling in obesity is a particularly interesting case study. Around 1950, scientists noticed the existence of a type of lab mouse that suffered from a unique inherited form of obesity. When given the freedom to choose their own diet, these mice ate more than normal and preferred food that was high in fat. Researchers had few clues as to why the animals overate; early experiments pointed to the existence of a soluble ob factor found circulating in the bloodstream that regulated appetite, but its identity was unknown. In 1994, Jeffrey Friedman and colleagues identified and sequenced the ob gene, noting that the protein it encoded appeared to fit the profile of a circulating factor. A year later, a trio of high-profile publications demonstrated that ob was a hormone that regulated body weight and fat deposition by regulating appetite. One of these was co-authored by Friedman, who christened it leptin from the ancient Greek word for thin. Using our model, the data from 1996 make it clear this advance would become a breakthrough. Scientists had flocked to study the biology of the new hormone, generating the flurry of new papers and citations required to produce a signal. One of these demonstrated that serum leptin concentrations reflected the amount of adipose tissue in the human body, providing clinical validation of the earlier mouse studies. Before the identification of leptin, scientists were unable to point to a specific molecule that controlled appetite and adiposity, so that it was impossible to rule out non-physiological causes of obesity; its characterization fundamentally changed our concept of weight gain. In 2010, Friedman and fellow pioneer Douglas Coleman were awarded a Lasker for the discovery. Our work also identifies breakthroughs in clinical practice and behavioral and social sciences, even though these areas are less likely to draw the attention of major prize committees. One example that falls into this category is the introduction of endovascular aneurysm repair, a minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm, a leading cause of death among Americans over the age of 65. Relative to the previous standard of care, it reduces in-hospital mortality by almost four-fold. In 2017, Timothy Chuter received the American College of Surgeons’ prestigious Jacobsen Innovation award for his multiple refinements to the technique. Another under-recognized breakthrough identified by our model is the development of standardized survey instruments to assess the quality of life for HIV+ patients. The antiretroviral cocktails introduced in the mid-1990s reduced AIDS mortality, but treatment came with serious side effects. The new evaluations showed that patients whose disease progressed had worse physical functioning than Americans with other chronic diseases, while those who were asymptomatic maintained a health-related quality of life on par with the overall US population. This evidence made it possible for patients and activists to argue that even in the absence of a total cure, and in spite of the side effects, alleviation of symptoms was a worthwhile priority for clinicians. My colleagues and I have failed to identify any significant recognition for the physicians and health policy experts who pioneered this advance, although in 2016, researchers called for the World Health Organization to set targets for good health-related quality of life as part of its framework to end the AIDS pandemic. From forecasting to funding How should science funders use our predictions? Any serious discussion of what we should do with this new capability needs to begin with an understanding of its limitations. We can’t (and shouldn’t) invest all of our resources in the small number of topics predicted to produce breakthroughs. Innovative new fields are born from existing ones; they rarely arise de novo. If funders don’t maintain a diverse portfolio, the breakthroughs of tomorrow will have no antecedents. Think of this as eating the seed corn, or killing the goose that lays the golden egg. There are also multiple goals of funding beyond basic scientific discovery, including translating discoveries into clinical practice, developing new technologies, supporting economic development, and training new scientists. The investments needed to accomplish these goals are likely different from those required to support emerging breakthroughs. Finally, we must be aware that we may not capture every instance of a breakthrough. The concept is fuzzy, and not every significant discovery is recognized with a major award. Further, breakthroughs are rare, meaning that our dataset is, by necessity, small. This makes formal estimates of accuracy challenging. Although our overall success rate appears to be high, any one signal may turn out to be a false positive. We found one apparent example: the development of the third generation COX-2 inhibitors, Vioxx and Celebrex, which were much celebrated in the early 2000s as effective but non-addictive pain relievers, meets all the algorithmic criteria of a breakthrough. Five years after it received FDA approval, researchers demonstrated that Vioxx was associated with serious cardiovascular complications, and the manufacturer voluntarily pulled the drug from the market. Celebrex remains available, although like other NSAIDs, it carries an FDA warning for increased cardiovascular risk. Decision makers who were overly focused on the breakthrough potential of this research might have wasted substantial resources nurturing an area that ultimately proved to be a failure—but so would those who relied on expert opinion at the time. That said, the potential benefits of funding the next mRNA vaccine or cancer immunotherapy years earlier than we might have are large. When we can’t assume the outcome of an action, it’s worth conducting an experiment. Can targeted support for areas that are poised to produce a breakthrough increase the return on scientific investment without cannibalizing future advances? With the necessary administrative infrastructure in place, conducting this experiment would be straightforward. First, identify all the breakthrough signals between 2018 and 2023, select half at random, and commit to a decade of investment. For biomedicine, a six year window should yield about 30 topics with the potential to produce a breakthrough. Providing strong support to half of these might be accomplished for $300 million a year. That’s roughly half of the recent annual budget of the NIH Common Fund or around 20% of the fiscal year 2025 budget for ARPA-H. After five years, then again at ten, compare to see which group — the one that was actively managed, or the control — produced more breakthroughs, and on what timescale. Although we used biomedicine as an example, the same experiment could just as well be run for physics, materials science, or any other discipline. Any attempt to undertake such an experiment should keep three points top of mind. First, we can predict the topic of future breakthroughs, but the people and vision for how to move the work forward are still important. In practice, this means success requires active program managers with the expertise to develop the science and the authority to do so, including by recruiting investigators. Second, we would be wise to learn from the failures of past attempts to fund transformative research. High among these are funding modestly repackaged work, confusing the genuinely novel with the merely unfamiliar, and relying too much on incumbent investigators. All of these risks can be mitigated by thoroughly and intelligently integrating high quality data into portfolio management. Finally, we need to have patience. Even with strong funding support, producing a breakthrough takes time. If supporting breakthroughs is the best way to nurture the birth of new fields, we also need to accurately describe and properly manage the other two stages, so that we invest wisely throughout the productive lifetime of ideas and divest once they reach the point of diminishing returns. We would benefit from more study of all of these phases, especially the transition from one to another. More research could answer questions like: When does a breakthrough become an established field? How do the availability of funding, the size and characteristics of the available workforce, and the accumulation of evidence that disagrees with prevailing models affect a field’s decline? Exactly how do old ideas give birth to new ones, and can we speed up the process? The more we understand about the dynamics of scientific progress, the better we can maximize the odds that our curiosity leads to results. I’d call that finding a way to make our own luck.