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When It Comes to Fusion, Materials Matter
Fusion at high temperatures powers the sun and, if harnessed, could provide a potential source of energy here on Earth. But controlling fusion reactions has other benefits. The process also generates subatomic particles called neutrons that are used in a range of applications spanning medicine, research, and national security. Now, scientists at the University of California, Davis (UC Davis), and the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have found that the materials surrounding a fusion reaction can dramatically increase how often it occurs, particularly at low energies where fusion is rare. The study was published July 18 in Nature Communications. Their approach sets up a way to study and engineer nuclear reactions within solid materials, opening a new field of “materials-driven fusion.” Instead of designing materials just to survive the harsh conditions of fusion, researchers might be able to design materials that boost the reaction in specific conditions, similar to the way catalysts speed up chemical processes. “It gives you a new knob to turn that you didn’t have before,” said Arun Persaud, head of the Fusion Science & Ion Beam Technology group in Berkeley Lab’s Accelerator Technology & Applied Physics (ATAP) Division. “If we understand this effect better, it opens the door to engineering new materials that would affect the fusion rate under certain conditions. Someday future progress might enable more compact and efficient neutron generators, which have all kinds of applications, like cargo screening, planetary science, and medical therapy and imaging.” In the experiment, researchers used two different methods to pack deuterium, a heavy form of hydrogen atoms that is often used in fusion, into thin foils of palladium and titanium. They then fired a beam of deuterium ions at the foils at different energies and measured how often fusion happened. Then they compared the rates from the different materials and methods with the “bare” fusion reaction (not in a material). The team found that fusion rates depended on how the deuterium was loaded into the metal foils. The biggest effect was at the lowest energies, below 2.5 kiloelectronvolts (keV), where theory predicts fusion rates drop off sharply. Instead, researchers found a surprising plateau: Some samples showed elevated fusion rates roughly a quintillion times higher than bare fusion reactions. (A quintillion is a 1 followed by 18 zeroes.) Researchers are not exactly sure why that’s happening, though they have some ideas and ways to test them. The electrons and defects within the material might partially shield repulsive electrostatic forces between deuterium nuclei, making it easier for them to get close together and fuse. Tuning the electronic structure, defects, and composition of materials could help make nuclear reactions happen more readily. “It comes down to better understanding the mechanism so that we can try to enhance it,” said corresponding author Jeremy Munday, a professor at UC Davis. “We’ve seen that we can increase fusion rates, but what is the limit? Can we bring it to lower temperatures or energies? There’s obviously a lot of interest and excitement about fusion, so if there’s something we can learn about the physics at these lower energy scales, maybe there’s something we can translate to other areas of nuclear science.” The team plans to explore a wider range of materials and continue probing the unexpected fusion plateau at lower energies. Their work establishes a reproducible experimental platform to study how solid materials influence nuclear reactions, creating a new area of research that links fusion science with materials science and chemistry. “The work shows conclusively that the material environment where fusion occurs at low temperatures is an active participant rather than a passive container,” said Cameron Geddes, director of ATAP. “That adds a new dimension to fusion research.” This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E). ### Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) is committed to groundbreaking research focused on discovery science and solutions for abundant and reliable energy supplies. The lab’s expertise spans materials, chemistry, physics, biology, earth and environmental science, mathematics, and computing. Researchers from around the world rely on the lab’s world-class scientific facilities for their own pioneering research. Founded in 1931 on the belief that the biggest problems are best addressed by teams, Berkeley Lab and its scientists have been recognized with 17 Nobel Prizes. Berkeley Lab is a multiprogram national laboratory managed by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science. DOE’s Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit energy.gov/science.
2 businesses in Maple Shade, NJ damaged by fire caused by lightning strike
Two South Jersey businesses are closed after they were damaged in a fire caused by a lightning strike.
Google introduces new ‘selfie video’ sign-in method
Google Accounts are gaining a new “selfie video” sign-in method that can be handy if you lose your phone or passkeys.
This Week in Sports Trivia: July 23, 2026
How closely were you following the sports news this week? Find out and test your knowledge by taking The Athletic's weekly quiz.
PEST PROBLEMS? These Central Florida eateries closed over health concerns last week
Over a dozen more eateries across Central Florida were forced to close down after receiving a visit from a health inspector last week, according to state records.
Vermont political candidates are flouting campaign finance laws, report finds
Vermont law requires candidates for state, county and municipal offices to disclose the sources of their campaign contributions, but a new report finds that 20% of candidates running this year haven't filed reports.
Eni to Buy European Fuel Service Station Business From Prax
The deal—for an undisclosed sum—was made through its Enilive subsidiary that is co-owned with U.S private equity company KKR, which has a 30% stake.
Reba McEntire Has Big Plans as She Celebrates 50 Years in Music
Reba McEntire celebrates 50 years in country music with new projects, and she just gave fans some teasers about what they can expect.
Mariners lose a backbreaker, 5-3
Long ball bites the Mariners for an ill-timed series loss
Trump to steer billions from universities to AI and individual scientists
White House says overhaul will back AI and researchers to restore the US scientific edge as Beijing closes the innovation gap.
GM doesn't get enough credit for strength in its pickup business, says Jim Cramer
'Mad Money' host Jim Cramer takes a closer look at GM stock after the company reported earnings.
With Saudi Deal, Trump Loosens Nuclear Standards for One Close Ally
Nuclear experts say it throws fuel on the smoldering fire of atomic proliferation, creating a destabilizing situation that could raise the risk of nuclear war.
Two Frisco restaurants closed for health violations during latest inspections
Two Frisco restaurants were temporarily closed after inspections found no water at one kiosk and no manager at another.
LA businesses near ICE raid sites lose over $3M during 2-week period in June 2025, a study says
The UCLA report measured the financial impact of immigration enforcement activity when it initially began in Los Angeles back in June 2025.
A closer look at Mamdani’s small-business agenda
The New York mayor wants every business owner to have a sherpa to navigate regulations.
Historic store in Lancaster to close after nearly 100 years in business
Historic store in Lancaster to close after nearly 100 years in business
The New York Times
Sony Pictures Entertainment will reopen Hollywood's iconic Cinerama Dome theater in 2028 after a renovation. The venue closed in 2020 because of the pandemic. https://nyti.ms/4gSfAvH
Ashland daycare owner arrested, business closed over abuse charges
An Ashland daycare owner has been charged with seven counts of child abuse for allegedly mistreating children under her care.
Fond du Lac County votes to close inpatient mental health center, effective Jan. 1
The 15-9 vote Tuesday confirmed the closure of the facility, effective Jan. 1.
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez jumps to front of NH 2028 Dem primary field
Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-NY,, now leads the 2028 Democratic primary field in New Hampshire, while Marco Rubio closes in on JD Vance.
Which Bills Starter Could Lose His Job In 2026?
As Joe Brady takes the reins, guard Alec Anderson faces a pivotal season. Discover why this returning veteran sits on the hot seat amidst Buffalo’s roster overhaul.
Toyota’s New MR2 May Have Just Been Caught Testing For The First Time
Grainy phone footage from Japan may be the closest look yet at the car meant to bring MR2 back with AWD and plenty of power
Nestle nears sale of water business stake at close to €5 billion valuation, FT reports
Private equity firm Platinum Equity is nearing a deal to acquire about a 50% stake in Nestle's European water business in a transaction that would value the joint venture at almost €5 billion ($5.71 billion), the Financial Times reported on Wednesday.
Almost half of surveyed Israelis want entertainment venues closed on Tisha B'av, Tzohar poll finds
A Tzohar poll found that 49. 6% of Israelis support nationwide closures of entertainment venues on Tisha B'Av, while 35.
At NVIDIA, Kshitiz Khatri Is Learning the Business Behind AI
At NVIDIA this summer, Kshitiz Khatri (Class of 2027) is getting a close-up look behind the answer box in between his first and second year at The University of Virginia Darden School of Business.
Patriots training camp preview: Running backs searching for efficiency
Taking a closer look at New England’s backfield entering training camp.
Seattle Seahawks Work Out Former Packers, Ole Miss Receiver
The Seattle Seahawks are exploring another option for an already crowded wide receiver competition.Seattle hosted Malik Heath and three defensive backs for tryouts, according to the NFL transaction wire.Heath, 26, brings more regular-season experience than most players searching for an opportunity this close to training camp.The 6-foot-2, 213-pound receiver spent his first three NFL seasons […] The post Seattle Seahawks Work Out Former Packers, Ole Miss Receiver appeared first on HEAVY.
Business owner says midtown Atlanta construction forced salon to close, sparked rent dispute
The area has been under construction for about three years.
New 360 Behavioral Health autism care center opens in Visalia
A new 360 Behavioral Health autism care center is now open in Visalia, bringing Applied Behavior Analysis, or ABA, therapy services closer to families in the Central Valley.
Novant Health cutting some revenue cycle positions system-wide
Novant Health is cutting jobs across its health system, though the number of positions being eliminated has not been disclosed.
Apple loses bid to overturn $634 million Masimo patent verdict
Apple’s requests to overturn a $634 million patent verdict and secure a new trial in its long-running legal battle with Masimo were denied.
Samsung Galaxy Watch 9 and Ultra 2 specs and pricing leak in full ahead of launch
A fresh leak purports to reveal the full specs sheet of the Galaxy Watch 9 and Watch Ultra 2, as well as likely European pricing.
Opinion: Chicago’s quantum advantage isn’t the technology. It’s the timing.
The real test of this moment is not whether the hardware works, but whether the rest of Chicago’s business community plugs in before the window closes.
‘Business as usual is a business of death’: UN adopts road safety pledge over US objection
The UN General Assembly closed its first ever High-level Meeting on road safety on Tuesday by adopting a sweeping new declaration aimed at halving road deaths by 2030 – over the sole objection of the United States.
Lobbying Update: $340,000 of LIVE NATION ENTERTAINMENT INC. lobbying was just disclosed
$340,000 of LIVE NATION ENTERTAINMENT INC. lobbying was just disclosed, from Q2 of 2026, in a new Lobbying Disclosure Act filing.This included lobbying on issues like:"Issues related to FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (PL 118-63), including drone issues. Issues related to drones in H.R.5061 - Counter-UAS Authority Security, Safety, and Reauthorization Act. Issues related to drones in National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (PL 119
3 restaurants closed at popular Downtown L.A. food hall due to health violations
At least three restaurants were temporarily shut down last week inside of Grand Central Market DTLA after health inspectors cited them for health code violations.
Memorial Health Meadows Hospital temporarily closes most services due to flooding
The hospital said the emergency room, women’s center and The Tommy and Shirley Strickland Cancer Center remain open despite flooding.
‘Cats: The Jellicle Ball’ to close amid industry concern over Broadway economics
“Cats: The Jellicle Ball,” the ballroom-inspired reinvention of Andrew Lloyd Webber’s megamusical, will end its Broadway run at the Broadhurst Theatre on Aug.
Pixar reportedly loses 150 jobs in new round of Disney layoffs
Pixar absorbed a large share of Disney’s latest studio layoffs, according to industry reports, even as “Toy Story 5” approaches another major box-office milestone.
2026 NFL Odds: Which Division Loser Can Go Worst To First?
Which last-place division finisher has a chance to reverse course next season? See the odds for if a team can go worst to first.
‘Clayface’ close-up: Tom Rhys Harries delves into DC’s R-rated body horror
Meet ‘Clayface’ star Tom Rhys Harries — the actor behind Matt Hagen, the character destined to become the Batman baddie in DC’s first horror movie.
Advocates say federal funding is being cut from groups fighting HIV
The administration is shifting some funding to states, but community groups are set to lose out.
Forest Service overhaul puts wildfire science on chopping block
A third of the research offices the agency is evaluating to possibly close works in climate adaptation and wildfire prevention.
ZZ Top, Fetty Wap among 25 shows booked at new Satellite Music Hall
As the September opening of Satellite Music Hall gets closer, the Memphis venue's concert calendar continues to grow.
Private investment in youth sports draws state, federal scrutiny
Courtney Hamby and her husband spend close to $6,000 per year for their daughter Ellie’s cheer and tumbling classes, competition fees and uniforms. That doesn’t include their travel expenses for multiple out-of-town competitions, including hotel rooms, gas, meals, and sometimes even flights. “This should be something that everyone gets to play, and it shouldn’t be […]
Modern Warfare 4 open and closed beta dates announced, including for Switch 2, alongside the return of Call of Duty: Next
Modern Warfare 4 will be the first Call of Duty in recent memory to host a beta on Nintendo Switch 2.
Scientists discover sugar in interstellar space
The first detection of sugar in the interstellar medium could shed more light on how life began on Earth
Business, boaters, and wildlife hit by Erewash Canal closures
Part of the canal shut at the end of June due to low water levels, and remains closed.
Seattle Seahawks Quietly Work Out 4.38-Speed CB Speedster
Seattle is taking a closer look at 4.38-speed cornerback De’Antre Prince as the Seahawks prepare to open another training-camp competition. The post Seattle Seahawks Quietly Work Out 4.38-Speed CB Speedster appeared first on HEAVY.
Boom in business for Wilkesboro as racing fans visit town
“The speedway has always been kind of a glimmer of hope, even when it was closed,” said Lee Huygens, Hampton Inn Wilkesboro.
North Star Health to close birthing center at hospital in Ogdensburg
Claxton-Hepburn Medical Center is losing revenue operating its 24-labor-and-delivery unit amid months of financial turmoil at North Star.
Trump imposes 50% tariffs on Canadian goods, citing disputes over autos, alcohol and cheese
The move, announced Monday, could unleash a new wave of economic chaos, with risks of higher inflation and further fraying of relations between two nations that had been closely woven together before Trump’s return to the White House.
Health Brief: The grants showdown
The administration loses a key grants case, even as it presses ahead with a broader rewrite of federal funding rules.
Steelers Backup QB Battle Makes Four-Quarterback Roster Idea Unlikely
One of the battles on display in Latrobe for the Pittsburgh Steelers will be the competition for the backup quarterback job. Mason Rudolph and Will Howard will compete for the role, with the loser likely receiving a ticket out of Pittsburgh, unless the Steelers decide to get creative and find a way to keep all of them. One local beat writer proposed that idea, and it’s something the Steelers have done before.
House Momentum, Senate Headwinds, and the Return of Shutdown Politics
With the House finally beginning to break its floor paralysis, appropriations may be back in motion. However, the path to funding the government for FY27, and keeping the lights on past September 30, remains complex. Last week, the House passed the National Security, Department of State, and Related Programs (NSRP) appropriations bill, which included a closely watched vote on Rep. Thomas Massie's amendment targeting aid to Israel.
Health response brings lifesaving care closer to thousands in Yemen
Thousands of people in some of Yemen's most conflict-affected communities are receiving lifesaving health care closer to home, thanks to funding from the UN aid coordination office (OCHA) through the Yemen Humanitarian Fund.
'Saved the day for us': Local business steps up to help Big Brothers Big Sisters after S2 eviction
What was supposed to be a time of celebration and fundraising for an Idaho non-profit quickly turned stressful after their event location closed with just days’ notice. Thanks to another local business that stepped in at the last minute, they were able to pull off their most successful fundraising event ever. Big Little Dill Big […]
Forest Service overhaul puts wildfire science on chopping block
A third of the research offices the agency is evaluating to possibly close work in climate adaptation and wildfire prevention.
VIDEO: NFIB’s Holly Wade Joins Bloomberg to Discuss Rise in Small Business Optimism
NFIB Research Center Executive Director Holly Wade joined Bloomberg: The Close last week to analyze June’s Small Business Optimism Index.
Mz. Shyneka has the latest in entertainment headlines
Drake loses a ton of money after a World Cup bet. Plus, was Cardi B on a date with a soccer player?
Shaky political "science": breakdown of the peer review process
[This article is the latest in our “Shaky Political Science” series. In our 38 page report, “Shaky political ‘science’ misses mark on ranked choice voting,” released in December 2025, we examined over 40 studies focused on ranked choice voting (RCV). Many of these studies suffered from puzzling research methodologies, poorly constructed surveys, unrealistic simulated elections, cherry picked data and faulty analyses that often were contradicted by results from real-world elections (a link to our full paper is here). Here are links to the first four articles in our series: the first one summarizing the overall results of our report; the second one analyzed a study co-authored by University of Minnesota academic Larry Jacobs, which was one of the most error-prone of all the research we reviewed in our report; a third article showing an admirable example of two political scientists holding two other political scientists accountable for their flawed, sloppy research; and a fourth article that analyzed seven studies sponsored by New America’s political reform program that deployed flawed methodology based on “simulated” elections instead of real-world elections, which when combined with some basic misunderstandings of RCV, produced odd and misleading results]. In this fifth article in our “Shaky Political Science” series, we examine two flawed studies on the impact of RCV on voter turnout authored by San Francisco State University professor Jason McDaniel. McDaniel’s research in these two papers stands out for its puzzling methodology, inadequate and cherry-picked data, and faulty analyses that not only misunderstands ranked choice voting but reflects a basic misunderstanding of politics in general. The first of the McDaniel studies actually passed through a peer review process and then was subsequently published by the Journal of Urban Affairs, despite its obvious errors. It is perplexing that a jury of peer political scientists did not catch the errors and send it back to McDaniel for a rewrite or outright rejection. This calls into question the credibility of the peer review process itself. The peer review process is supposed to represent the intellectual pinnacle of the profession – a way for academics to certify the quality of each other’s work, and to act as a check against sloppy research. In the case of the McDaniel study, the peer review process failed. Yet his flawed study has been cited dozens of times by other political scientists in their own flawed works — an unvirtuous circle of academic research. Here is the first Jason McDaniel study that we analyzed: “Writing the Rules to Rank the Candidates: Examining the Impact of Instant-Runoff Voting on Racial Group Turnout in San Francisco Mayoral Elections,” by Jason McDaniel, 2016, Journal of Urban Affairs. This study covered San Francisco’s use of ranked choice voting (RCV) in mayoral elections, purporting to show that RCV reduces voter turnout overall, increases voter errors, and has a negative impact on “marginal populations,” i.e. racial minorities, mainly as the result of the alleged complexity of RCV asking voters to rank candidates and having to be familiar with multiple candidates and related dynamics. McDaniel reached these conclusions by examining five San Francisco mayoral elections taking place in odd years (i.e. where there are no federal or state races on the ballot) from 1995 to 2011, comparing three earlier non-RCV races (in 1995, 1999 and 2003) with the later two RCV races (in 2007 and 2011). Only two RCV races were studied, and as McDaniel acknowledged, only the contest in 2011 was “competitive” (that contest in 2007 was the first mayoral election using RCV, and incumbent mayor Gavin Newsom won easily in the first round of counting, earning 74% of first choices and far ahead of the second place candidate who had just 6.3% of first choices). Yet even the allegedly competitive contest in 2011was won by an incumbent with a landslide margin of nearly 20 points. No other elections were studied by McDaniel, even though San Francisco elects 17 other offices besides mayor with RCV, including the 11 seats on the Board of Supervisors (the name for the city council) in even years, and six other citywide offices in odd years. Previous academic research has found that competitive elections can stimulate greater voter involvement and higher turnout. For unexplained reasons, this study ignored at least 34 other RCV races between the years 2004 to 2011, many of which were very competitive and had high voter turnout. Instead, McDaniel’s analysis based its conclusions on data from only a single, marginally-competitive mayor’s race using RCV. These 2007 and 2011 mayoral elections were the only two RCV elections that McDaniel used as the sole basis for his small data set to determine the impact of RCV on voter turnout. Despite having no meaningful data to inform his study, McDaniel nonetheless concluded that RCV lowered turnout when compared to the previous three mayoral non-RCV elections using two-round runoffs. Then, using the same inadequate database of San Francisco elections, McDaniel also found that “Instant-runoff voting is associated with a significant decline in Black voter turnout and White voter turnout…On average, Black voter turnout decreases by 18 points and White voter turnout decreases by 16 points …” But how could he credibly arrive at that conclusion when his study was based on voter turnout in two RCV contests that were not even remotely competitive? Beyond that, McDaniel tacitly admits that the key determining factor driving Black voter turnout was not RCV vs non-RCV elections, but the presence of a viable Black candidate. McDaniel wrote, “Black voter turnout was about 17 percentage points higher for the two elections that featured an African American candidate compared to the three elections that did not” — but one of those three elections did not use RCV. The same dynamic was present for White voter turnout, in which higher turnout was not correlated with RCV vs non-RCV elections, but the presence of a viable White candidate. Beyond that, McDaniel’s voter turnout results, whether correlated with the race of the candidates or RCV vs non-RCV elections, showed no clear patterns. In his Figure 1, he shows low Asian voter turnout in the non-RCV elections in 1999 and 2003 when there was no viable Asian candidate running, but in the 2007 mayoral election using RCV, there is still no viable Asian candidate, yet Asian turnout increases dramatically. For Latinos, voter turnout is virtually the same in 1999 (no viable Latino candidate, non-RCV elections), 2003 (leading Latino candidate, non-RCV elections), 2007 (no viable Latino candidate, RCV elections) and 2011 (leading Latino candidate, RCV elections). Meanwhile White voter turnout increased dramatically from a low in the 2007 mayoral election, in which the leading candidate was a white incumbent, to the 2011 election in which there were no leading white candidates that finished any higher than sixth place with 5.6% of the vote. Clearly other factors were determining voter turnout than either the race of the candidates or RCV vs non-RCV elections. Despite these inconsistent findings, McDaniel boldly marches forth to render conclusions about the impact of RCV on different groups of racial voters, even though his conclusions are not remotely supported by his data. This looks like the worst kind of “data cherry picking” to cover up a puzzling conclusion based on a poor data set involving only two RCV elections, neither of which were remotely competitive. McDaniel’s cherry picking didn’t stop there. In calculating voter turnout for the three non-RCV mayoral elections in 1995, 1999 and 2003, he failed to mention that in each of these years there was a two-round runoff election, with a first round election in November in which no candidate garnered a winning majority of the vote, followed by the decisive runoff in December. So there were two non-RCV elections in each election year. But McDaniel only decided to include one of the two elections in his data set, apparently the December runoff in each year (which had higher turnout in two out of the three mayor’s races, and lower turnout in the third). So he ignored the November 1995 election, the November 1999 election when turnout was only 45 percent, and the November 2003 election when turnout was only 45.7 percent. This is flawed methodology based on blatant cherry picking, since McDaniel simply omitted three elections worth of data that did not fit within his frame. His study should never have made it through a peer review process, and it is an embarrassment to political science that not only was it approved for publication, but it has been uncritically cited by dozens of other political scientists. Share A “study” without wider context or credible data Lacking a data set that included even a single competitive RCV mayoral race, McDaniel declared that RCV lowered voter turnout in 2011, when turnout was 42.5 percent. But he also ignored -- or did not realize -- that voter turnout in mayoral elections during 2011 had sharply declined in all big cities, including far more steeply in nearby Los Angeles and other cities. In fact, San Francisco’s election in 2011 had the second highest turnout of any mayoral election in the nation’s 22 largest cities from 2008-2011. Was 2011 just a particularly low turnout year all across the country, perhaps because the country was still reeling from the aftermath of the housing market collapse in 2008-2010? McDaniel ignored this factor and did not search for alternative explanations beyond his flawed thesis. Furthermore, while McDaniel suggested that RCV leads to more “overvotes” – which is an invalidated ballot in which a voter, in either a non-RCV or RCV race, makes a mistake and selects two candidates for a single choice – he failed to address that in the June 2012 US Senate primary contest, which used the typical “one-choice” plurality method and did not use RCV, there was more than five times as many overvotes in San Francisco and Oakland than in the RCV mayoral elections in those cities. Additionally, turnout had been significantly higher and more representative in RCV elections for the San Francisco Board of Supervisors races -- that McDaniel didn’t even bother to study -- as compared to previous “delayed two-round runoffs” for those offices, often higher by as much as 40% in the RCV races. Perhaps the most surprising irony was that an earlier study co-authored by McDaniel (Overvoting and the Equality of Voice under Instant-Runoff Voting in San Francisco by Francis Neely and Jason McDaniel, 2015, California Journal of Politics and Policy) found that overvotes are often more common in lower-income precincts, but that the pattern of overvoting is similar in both RCV and non-RCV contests. Wrote Neely and McDaniel: “[Overvote] errors appear to be a function of complexity in general and not IRV per se…. the pattern of overvoting is similar in both IRV and non-IRV contests…Even among votes cast in a top-of-the-ticket race like U.S. Senate, overvoting occurs in an uneven fashion” (IRV, or ‘instant runoff voting,’ is another name for ranked choice voting in single-winner contests). So McDaniel not only contradicted his own conclusion in his earlier study with Neely, but the earlier study had been an important corrective for one of the most frequently made mistakes made by anti-RCV political scientists – a continual failure to provide crucial context by pairing a comparative analysis of real world RCV elections with an analysis of real world plurality or other electoral methods. Unfortunately McDaniel’s earlier study does not get cited much by other researchers, and McDaniel did not even cite it in his own flawed study analyzed above. Incredibly, McDaniel cherrypicked McDaniel, even as his flawed study has been cited dozens of times. Despite being a textbook example of poor political “science,” featuring both inadequate as well as cherrypicked data, the shelf life of McDaniel’s study has been extended endlessly by other political scientists and media outlets who have cited it uncritically. Equally troubling, the Journal of Urban Affairs put this paper through its peer review process and published it despite its numerous flaws. McDaniel gets it wrong, Part II Not content with producing one shoddy, confused paper, McDaniel produced another one a few years later, here is the link: Electoral Rules and Voter Turnout in Mayoral Elections: An Analysis of Ranked-Choice Voting by Jason McDaniel. San Francisco State Univ. (McDaniel, 2019). In this paper, McDaniel extended his previous flawed research focused on San Francisco, about voter turnout and voter impact, to multiple RCV cities through the 2018 elections. In his data set he included San Francisco, Minneapolis, St Paul, Oakland, Berkeley, San Leandro and Santa Fe. He then compared their turnout in mayoral elections to non-RCV cities, and to mayoral elections in those cities held before first RCV usage, and concluded “a significant decrease in voter turnout of approximately 3–5 percentage points in RCV cities after the implementation of RCV.” But he replicated many of the same mistakes as his first study presented above. While in this study McDaniel attempted to distinguish between various factors, such as odd year vs. even year elections, competitive races vs. noncompetitive, contests with open seats and other factors, the analysis is superficial and inadequate. He attempts to incorporate so many often-conflicting variables that his conclusions are once again unsupported by the actual data, and ultimately unconvincing (this second study never underwent a peer review process). For example, McDaniel declared that for RCV cities “in elections that are more competitive than average (margin of victory less than 20%), there is no significant RCV effect on voter turnout.” Yet McDaniel is a professor in a city, San Francisco, in which the 2018 special election using RCV to fill a mayoral vacancy was exceedingly close, decided by a margin of only one percentage point, and resulted in the second highest turnout in San Francisco history for a mayoral election. Illustrating the complexity involved in assessing the critical factors in turnout, that special election was held on the same election day as federal and state offices, which tends to boost turnout. Yet more voters participated in that RCV mayoral election than voted on the same day in the non-RCV primary for governor in which former San Francisco mayor Gavin Newsom was running. Even more puzzling, in this study McDaniel inaccurately cited his own previous study from 2015 with Neely. McDaniel wrote, “Neely and McDaniel (2015) examine individual ballot image files within a natural experiment, and find higher rates of ballot errors in RCV elections compared to non-RCV elections” (emphasis added). However, we quoted from that 2015 study several paragraphs above, and in actual fact Neely and McDaniel actually concluded the opposite -- that the pattern of overvoting – which is the most common form of ballot error – is similar in both RCV and non-RCV contests. McDaniel also ignored the fact that in Bay Area RCV elections held in even years – at the same time as federal and state elections, when turnout is highest -- the “undervote” (that is, the dropoff in ballots cast for governor or mayor) has declined, which contradicts his thesis that the act of ranking ballots in RCV elections is too complex and presents a barrier for certain demographics of voters. To his credit, McDaniel actually acknowledged another contradiction in his own paper, which found a negative RCV turnout effect in some odd-year elections but not others, admitting that “may present a challenge to the theory that increased complexity [from RCV] will have a marginal negative effect on voter turnout.” But he tried to wallpaper over that contradiction by blaming it on an unlikely source -- bad election administration. McDaniels wrote, “This would suggest that the negative impact of RCV on voter participation may be alleviated by high quality election administration,” without presenting any data or even anecdotes to support such an unfounded theory. While competent election administration of any election, whether RCV or non-RCV, is crucially important, there is no credible research that supports the far-fetched notion that the quality of election administration has much of an impact on voter turnout in US elections, whether using RCV or otherwise. Upgrade to a $5 subscription The unvirtuous circle of academic research It is puzzling how McDaniel’s first study could have survived the peer review process for the Journal of Urban Affairs. The mistakes in McDaniel’s first study above should have been obvious to anyone with a basic understanding of ranked choice voting as well as elections in general, and elections in San Francisco specifically. It undermines faith in the credibility of the peer review process to think that a jury of peer political scientists did not catch the egregious errors and reject McDaniel’s sloppy research and paper. And it remains a black mark on political science that this thoroughly discredited study has been cited dozens of times by other researchers. Indeed, in our research paper it became apparent that many political scientists cite each other’s flawed research to pad their list of citations and to legitimize their own flawed research, creating an unvirtuous circle of political science. More broadly, McDaniel’s voter turnout studies, like other studies evaluating RCV’s impact on turnout, lacked a recognition that no credible opinion or research can claim that RCV increases voter turnout merely because so many voters are excited to vote for their favorite candidates instead of “lesser evil” candidates without worrying about spoilers. Instead, with respect to turnout, the advantage of RCV has always been that, in most places where it has been used, it has eliminated a pre-November primary or post-November runoff, which usually saw about half the turnout of the November general election. This is especially true during even years when there are state and federal elections on the ballot which substantially drive turnout more than local contests. Any study that does not adequately account for this non-November primary/runoff vs November general election dynamic, or odd year vs even year election factors, is simply not credible. Both of McDaniel’s studies largely failed on those grounds. Steven Hill and Paul Haughey Share Upgrade to a $5 subscription Thanks for reading DemocracySOS…your digital portal for the pro-democracy movement. Subscribe for only $5 per month to receive full benefits and to support our work. Subscribe
Computer science takes flight in bird conservation effort
Computer science and environmental science may seem worlds apart, but at Susquehanna University, one project is showing how closely connected they can be.
BP to Sell Austrian Mobility Business to Volenergy for Undisclosed Sum
The energy company agreed to sell its Austrian petrol station and EV charging businesses to Volenergy for an undisclosed sum, as it continues to exit the retail space.
The War, the Oil Crisis and American Politics
According to people who follow the oil trade closely, we are entering the point at which the oil buffer of global reserves is reaching its limits. In
Three political subplots from World Cup
The FIFA men’s World Cup has come and gone, with Spain defeating Argentina 1-0 in Sunday’s final to win the world’s top international soccer competition for the second time in the last 16 years.&nb…
Clover Health hit with data breach
The insurer, which disclosed the breach in a securities filing late last week, doesn’t yet know what type of data was exposed or how many people may have been impacted.
Former Jack Daniel’s Cooperage closes in Alabama
Alabama Cooperage, previously known as Jack Daniel's Cooperage, will close in September, resulting in 71 job losses.
Samsung lost the latest global foldable battle, and it wasn't even close
The last quarterly foldable smartphone market report before the Galaxy Z Fold 8 and Z Flip 8 are released sees Huawei earn a blowout win over Samsung.
Gossip: Hull close to signing Bailey and Targett
Hull City are in talks with Aston Villa over a deal for 28-year-old Jamaica winger Leon Bailey. Athletic - subscription required) The Tigers are closing in on the signing of 30-year-old former Newcastle left-back Matt Targett, who is a free agent after leaving the club this summer. (Mail)
Spain's 'victory for football' over 'embarrassing' Argentina
Describing a result as a 'victory for football' might seem like a trite cliché – but the 2026 World Cup final feels closer to giving that aphorism truth than any other game.
🎥 Bad loser? World Cup star completely loses the plot
Well, what on earth happened there? Shortly after the final whistle of the World Cup final, which Spain had won 1–0 after extra time, some pretty wild scenes unfolded on the pitch.During a mass con...
Bangor businesses hope World Cup excitement scores big with local fans
As the world’s biggest soccer tournament comes to a close with its championship match, Bangor businesses are hoping the global excitement translates into packed dining rooms and a busy Sunday afternoo...
Tal Bagels, Popular UWS Bagel Spot, Closed by the Health Department
The Health Department closure sign on the front of Tal Bagels on the Upper West Side. Photo by Nate Jones.
MLB insider unveils update on Phillies' trade deadline demands
As reported by a senior MLB insider, the Phillies are looking to fill two holes in their roster before the deadline closes.
Telemundo adds UEFA Champions League rights in multiyear deal
With a record-breaking World Cup drawing to a close on Sunday, Telemundo is announcing its next step in soccer broadcasting. The NBCUniversal-owned network announced on Sunday that it has secured exclusive U.S. Spanish-language broadcast rights for all UEFA men’s club competitions, including Champions League, for three years beginning with the 2027-28 season. Currently, U.S. Spanish-language…
Plants that make real dairy protein? Scientists discover an unexpected shortcut
What if the plants growing in a field could one day produce the same proteins that give milk its nutrition, texture and cheese-making properties? A new study brings that possibility a step closer by revealing ...
Scientists Studying Earth's Flowering Plants Issue a Stark Warning to Humanity
Here's just how much we stand to lose.
Scientists Studying Earth's Flowering Plants Issue a Stark Warning to Humanity
Here's just how much we stand to lose.
Garmin CIRQA to launch at a significantly lower price than expected, according to Garmin’s official database
The price of the Garmin CIRQA has been announced. According to more or less official sources, it will be significantly cheaper than initially reported. Nevertheless, the price that has now been disclosed is, of course, not to be equated with the street price.
What science loses when T. rex becomes a trophy (Opinion)
Over the course of three years, starting in 2021, a commercial collector excavated one of the most complete Tyrannosaurus rex fossils ever from the Hell Creek Formation in South Dakota. On July 14 of this year, “Gus” was sold at…
Scientists told them, 'No, it's too dangerous,' but they did it anyway: Inside Japan's super-close asteroid flyby
A last-minute proposal saw Hayabusa2 whizz within just 800 meters of a near-Earth asteroid.
Kansas City health and faith leaders team up to help minimize Medicaid coverage loss
New work requirements and twice-yearly eligibility checks are expected to cause millions of adults to lose Medicaid coverage. But community religious leaders and health advocates have been meeting every other week to plan and strategize about how to mitigate the damage.
What the regionality of Marx’s Republican primary win reveals about Colorado conservatives
Running for governor of Colorado, controversial outsider Victor Marx, 61, a self-proclaimed exorcist and a friendly ally to the late Charlie Kirk, pulled out a 39.9% Republican primary victory. State Sen. and Republican establishment candidate Barbara Kirkmeyer came in a close second with around 39.4% of the vote. Meanwhile, Scott Bottoms, a state legislator and […]
Seahawks Get Blunt Jadarian Price Outlook Before Training Camp
The Seattle Seahawks will be counting on Jadarian Price early in the 2026 season, with Zach Charbonnet likely to miss the start of the campaign as he returns from injury. Moreover, Seattle did lose Kenneth Walker III to the Kansas City Chiefs in free agency. Last season for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, Price played 242 total snaps, leading to a 78.6 overall […] The post Seahawks Get Blunt Jadarian Price Outlook Before Training Camp appeared first on HEAVY.
Caitlin Clark picks up sixth technical foul this season
INDIANAPOLIS — Indiana Fever guard Caitlin Clark was assessed a technical foul in the first quarter of Saturday’s game against the New York Liberty. Clark now has six technical fouls on the season, and if she reaches eight, she’ll receive a WNBA-mandated one-game suspension. Clark picked up a technical foul after she was leveled on a screen by Liberty center Jonquel Jones. The play was a no-call, but Clark took exception to the physicality and yelled at the closest official. Liberty star Breanna
Ricky Pearsall workout video raises health questions close to 49ers camp
In what's supposed to be a make-or-break year for 49ers wide receiver Ricky Pearsall, there is already some cause for concern for the third-year wide receiver.
"During the training sequence, we make a false promise": IO Interactive on the ensemble James Bond game that 007 First Light never was
But almost was!
Florida Loses 4-Star Defender to Bitter SEC Rival
Elite safety Adryan Cole chooses home-state Georgia over Gainesville, testing the Florida Gators' top-10 recruiting class as the fierce SEC battle for secondary dominance intensifies for 2027.
Too Much Happiness Sent A Woman To The Emergency Room In an Incredibly Rare Case
Ever heard of happy heart syndrome?
Orange County restaurants shut down by health inspectors (July 9-16)
There were 11 restaurants and food establishments ordered closed by Orange County inspectors from July 9 to July 16.
Multiple Hyde Park, Mount Lookout businesses closed amid flooding cleanup from heavy rain
Multiple businesses, especially in Hyde Park and Mount Lookout, are closed after massive flooding from heavy downpours Friday.
Food Bank's Health Partnership Model Draws National Praise
A new national report shows how FARSB's FoodRx program is helping Inland Empire neighbors eat better and stay healthier close to home.
Walking is one of the best exercises for heart health — why trainers say strength training matters too
Heart health is closely tied to everyday energy and resilience. A trainer explains what actually makes the biggest difference — and where most people get it wrong.
Ross Street Live: Bands, food trucks, cornhole and ping pong coming to downtown Santa Rosa block
Starting Aug. 14 through Oct. 31, Ross Street will be closed to traffic for live music and local food, to test a larger effort to improve the downtown area’s walkable options and vibrancy.
These 16 Democrats Voted to Stop Israel Aid. AIPAC Took Action.
After 103 Democrats voted to eliminate aid to Israel, the lobbying group closed off online donations for more than a dozen Democratic lawmakers it had endorsed.
Colts training camp battle early preview: Kicker
This is arguably the closest and most interesting Colts training camp positional battle.
Surf's up for The Intoxicators! with Music Under the Oaks concert
Brian Crum and The Intoxicators! will close out this year’s “Levitt AMP Tallahassee: Music Under the Oaks” series in Lewis Park on Thursday, July 23.
Mariners Suck, Lose 7-0 to Giants
Baseball is back! Ahem, let me try again: Baseball is back :/
The Kansas Office of the State Bank Commissioner closed Small Business Bank in Lenexa on Friday
The Small Business Bank in Lenexa was closed Friday by the Kansas Office of the State Bank Commissioner after "ongoing operating losses resulted in the bank’s capital becoming critically undercapitalized under federal and state law."