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Scientists advance space agriculture for future moon and Mars missions

Space isn't known for rich soil or ideal agricultural conditions anywhere in the solar system. Yet amid extreme temperatures and vast distances, multidisciplinary teams at USF's Aerospace: Science, Technology, ...

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Jul 30 • 12:00 PM EDT • Science • phys.org
Public Health reports first heat-related deaths in 2026 | Idaho Department of Health and Welfare

The first heat-related deaths in Idaho this year have been reported to public health officials at the Department of Health and Welfare. Three Idaho residents, all over the age of 55, died in the past week when temperatures in Idaho exceeded 90 degrees. All three lived in different communities across southern Idaho.

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Jul 30 • 8:00 AM EDT • Health • healthandwelfare.idaho.gov
Antarctica just experienced minus 119 F, Earth's coldest temperature since 2012

Too hot? Head to the Concordia research station in Antarctica, where "astronauts of ice" just experienced near-record-breaking cold.

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Jul 29 • 2:54 PM EDT • Science • livescience.com
Rams open training camp with high expectations and renewed energy

The Rams opened training camp Sunday at LMU, beginning preparations for the 2026 NFL season under sunny skies and temperatures that climbed into the upper 80s.

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Jul 26 • 11:49 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Materials-Driven Fusion Approach Opens New Era for Nuclear Science

Fusion at high temperatures powers the sun and, if harnessed, could provide a potential source of energy here on Earth. But controlling fusion reactions has other benefits.

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Jul 25 • 7:49 AM EDT • Science • azom.com
When It Comes to Fusion, Materials Matter

Fusion at high temperatures powers the sun and, if harnessed, could provide a potential source of energy here on Earth. But controlling fusion reactions has other benefits. The process also generates subatomic particles called neutrons that are used in a range of applications spanning medicine, research, and national security. Now, scientists at the University of California, Davis (UC Davis), and the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have found that the materials surrounding a fusion reaction can dramatically increase how often it occurs, particularly at low energies where fusion is rare. The study was published July 18 in Nature Communications. Their approach sets up a way to study and engineer nuclear reactions within solid materials, opening a new field of “materials-driven fusion.” Instead of designing materials just to survive the harsh conditions of fusion, researchers might be able to design materials that boost the reaction in specific conditions, similar to the way catalysts speed up chemical processes. “It gives you a new knob to turn that you didn’t have before,” said Arun Persaud, head of the Fusion Science & Ion Beam Technology group in Berkeley Lab’s Accelerator Technology & Applied Physics (ATAP) Division. “If we understand this effect better, it opens the door to engineering new materials that would affect the fusion rate under certain conditions. Someday future progress might enable more compact and efficient neutron generators, which have all kinds of applications, like cargo screening, planetary science, and medical therapy and imaging.” In the experiment, researchers used two different methods to pack deuterium, a heavy form of hydrogen atoms that is often used in fusion, into thin foils of palladium and titanium. They then fired a beam of deuterium ions at the foils at different energies and measured how often fusion happened. Then they compared the rates from the different materials and methods with the “bare” fusion reaction (not in a material). The team found that fusion rates depended on how the deuterium was loaded into the metal foils. The biggest effect was at the lowest energies, below 2.5 kiloelectronvolts (keV), where theory predicts fusion rates drop off sharply. Instead, researchers found a surprising plateau: Some samples showed elevated fusion rates roughly a quintillion times higher than bare fusion reactions. (A quintillion is a 1 followed by 18 zeroes.) Researchers are not exactly sure why that’s happening, though they have some ideas and ways to test them. The electrons and defects within the material might partially shield repulsive electrostatic forces between deuterium nuclei, making it easier for them to get close together and fuse. Tuning the electronic structure, defects, and composition of materials could help make nuclear reactions happen more readily. “It comes down to better understanding the mechanism so that we can try to enhance it,” said corresponding author Jeremy Munday, a professor at UC Davis. “We’ve seen that we can increase fusion rates, but what is the limit? Can we bring it to lower temperatures or energies? There’s obviously a lot of interest and excitement about fusion, so if there’s something we can learn about the physics at these lower energy scales, maybe there’s something we can translate to other areas of nuclear science.” The team plans to explore a wider range of materials and continue probing the unexpected fusion plateau at lower energies. Their work establishes a reproducible experimental platform to study how solid materials influence nuclear reactions, creating a new area of research that links fusion science with materials science and chemistry. “The work shows conclusively that the material environment where fusion occurs at low temperatures is an active participant rather than a passive container,” said Cameron Geddes, director of ATAP. “That adds a new dimension to fusion research.” This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E). ### Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) is committed to groundbreaking research focused on discovery science and solutions for abundant and reliable energy supplies. The lab’s expertise spans materials, chemistry, physics, biology, earth and environmental science, mathematics, and computing. Researchers from around the world rely on the lab’s world-class scientific facilities for their own pioneering research. Founded in 1931 on the belief that the biggest problems are best addressed by teams, Berkeley Lab and its scientists have been recognized with 17 Nobel Prizes. Berkeley Lab is a multiprogram national laboratory managed by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science. DOE’s Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit energy.gov/science.

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Jul 23 • 11:00 AM EDT • Science • newscenter.lbl.gov
Pasadena businesses swelter after copper wire thefts wreck ACs

These days, the temperature inside the kitchen at Sweet Red Peach bakery is at least 93 degrees.

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Jul 22 • 9:00 AM EDT • Business • latimes.com
Summer safety: Heat and your heart health

In eastern North Carolina, soaring temperatures and humidity put residents at risk of heat-related illnesses, especially for people with a heart condition.

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Jul 21 • 2:14 PM EDT • Health • ecuhealth.org
Science can serve dark as well as light

I’m not sure how many of you are watching “Star City,” Apple TV’s spin-off of its “For All Mankind” program (2019-present), but it’s one of the better sci-fi series I’ve seen in a while, with an impressively dark political message. (Some light spoilers below.) For the uninitiated, “For All Mankind” presented a slightly tweaked history of the U.S. space program in which it was the USSR that landed on the Moon first in 1969, and shortly thereafter put a woman cosmonaut on the lunar surface. This sparks an ongoing space race that, in the original series, yields a lot of benefits for humanity. President Nixon’s insistence on a female astronaut corps to compete with the Soviets boosts the feminist movement of the 1970s and the ERA passes. New fuels generated for the space program create clean and cheap energy around Earth. There are also some darker changes — the USSR is thriving well into the 2000s, there are terrorist counter-technology movements around the globe, laborers on Mars work in nightmarish conditions and organize strikes and riots, etc. the @smotus report is a reader-supported publication. To support this work, please become a paid subscriber. Subscribe That show offers glimpses into the subtle ways this Earth is different. Teddy Kennedy never went to Chappaquidick because he was racing back to Washington to deal with the space program crisis; he gets elected President in 1972. John Lennon survives his early 1980s shooting but Pope John Paul II does not. The Apple Newton succeeded. Pretty much the whole of season 4 is a setup for an Al Gore joke. Again, mostly, the vision that “For All Mankind” presents is a positive one, with technology advancing many human interests. “Star City” goes in a very different direction. This spin-off show is about the same set of events but from the Soviet perspective. As we meet them, the team of scientists and cosmonauts responsible for the lunar landing are still basking in their hero status, but their program is embedded deep in the Soviet security state of the late 1960s. Everyone’s apartment is bugged. Whole teams of clerical staff spend their days transcribing recordings of people’s lives. People in the program, including respected cosmonauts, are regularly arrested. An incredibly menacing Colonel Lyudmilla Raskova (Anna Maxwell Martin) forces confessions and tortures and kills, expressing little more than annoyance in the process. Meanwhile, the space program’s highly respected Chief Designer (Rhys Ifans) has a vision for the program that he knows the government will not approve. He insists that they need to think past the Moon to focus on colonizing the solar system, starting with Venus. (This is a rough parallel to the Americans’ pivot to Mars in the original show.) He essentially builds a secret space program within the space program, calculating that the government will embrace the mission after it has succeeded. (As an aside, I’m not sure why the Venus obsession, as a successful mission can’t produce the biggest public relations payoff: a cosmonaut standing on the surface holding the Soviet flag. Anyone standing on Venus would be immediately crushed by the 92-bar atmosphere and then cremated in the 900°F temperatures. But in a country with no free press perhaps the visual payoff was less valued.) But the overall vision is that the technological advances have only amplified the most fearsome aspects of the Soviet system. The state is paranoid (but not incorrect) about American spies and does monstrous things to protect its secrets. People are terrified to trust each other. Classic banality-of-evil figures order people to harm those they care about; those people comply rather than get shot. Others are forced into criminal behavior to protect loved ones. We’re reminded all the time these days of what happens when a government despises science. It manifests in the defunding of schools, the elevation of fossil fuels as the rest of the world pivots to solar, outbreaks of measles and diarrhea, etc. But “Star City” offers a vision of a bad government that likes science. It’s not encouraging. It’s not yet clear if there will be a season two of this show. But I strongly recommend season one. It’s both thoughtful and gripping. Share

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Jul 20 • 8:04 AM EDT • Science • smotus.substack.com
Heat stroke, exhaustion biggest RAGBRAI concerns for county public health

The National Weather Service is predicting that Marshall County’s temperature and heat index – 92 degrees with a heat index of 101 – will persist and possibly increase on Monday. The high temperatures felt across the state will greet RAGBRAI riders as they start the journey on Sunday in Onawa. Once they reach Marshalltown on […]

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Jul 19 • 8:00 PM EDT • Health • timesrepublican.com
Perspective: Extreme heat is a fact of summer. Its health harms don’t have to be

As yet another heat dome settles over part of the U.S., a depressingly predictable news cycle is unfolding. This week, the headlines will warn of dangerously high temperatures; next week, they'll chronicle the human toll.

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Jul 18 • 12:00 PM EDT • Health • timesfreepress.com
Colorado health officials are tracking toxic algae blooms with warnings of health impacts

Not all blooms produce toxins, but with warm temperatures and shallow reservoirs, conditions are primed for algae to grow explosively.

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Jul 18 • 5:42 AM EDT • Health • coloradosun.com
New dashboard launched to help people find relief in the summer heat

"When temperatures never drop below 70 at night, the body doesn't get the chance to recover, and that's when heat becomes dangerous," said Deputy Health Director, Dr. Justin Frederick.

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Jul 17 • 9:51 PM EDT • Health • ketv.com
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Wildfire Smoke Prompts Health Warnings

WASHINGTON — Scorching temperatures are contributing to wildfires that are erupting faster than usual this year in the United States and Canada while also prompting health warnings about air pollution. In the United States, some of the worst wildfires are burning this week in Colorado, California, Minnesota and other parts of the Upper Midwest. They … Continue reading "Wildfire Smoke Prompts Health Warnings"

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Jul 17 • 8:00 PM EDT • Health • thewellnews.com
'These are striking forecasts': Super El Niño keeps getting even more likely, and it could bring a humanitarian crisis

Forecasts point to the ongoing El Niño rapidly strengthening to a likely all-time record in the coming months, fueling temperature rises and extreme weather.

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Jul 17 • 11:56 AM EDT • Science • livescience.com
El Niño is here, and it’s already looking like it could be 'mind-blowing'

Temperatures in the El Niño region in the Pacific Ocean are the warmest they've been on record at this time of year. And the peak is still months away.

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Jul 17 • 4:00 AM EDT • Science • cbc.ca
AMD Ryzen 7 7700X3D Review

The AMD Ryzen 7 7700X3D delivers fantastic gaming performance thanks to 3D V-Cache. Priced at $330, it offers more FPS than the Intel Core Ultra 7 270K Plus, at a similar price point. Energy efficiency is impressive with low temperatures, making it an strong choice for gamers wanting high-tier CPU performance without breaking the bank.

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Jul 16 • 10:10 AM EDT • Technology • techpowerup.com
A clear message – wildfire smoke plus summer heat is double trouble for heart health

DALLAS, July 16, 2026 — Parts of the U.S. are experiencing smoke from Canadian wildfires drifting down and summer temperatures pushing up, creating a potentially deadly situation, according to the American Heart Association, a relentless force changing...

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Jul 16 • 8:00 AM EDT • Health • newsroom.heart.org
Vanderbilt Health physicians treating more patients with tick bites this year

Six medically important tick species live in the state, and many Tennesseans encounter ticks in their own yard or neighborhood. Perhaps attributable to changing weather patterns and rising temperatures, Vanderbilt Health’s Emergency Medicine physicians around the region began treating patients with tick bites in March this year.

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Jul 15 • 10:59 AM EDT • Health • news.vumc.org
Baton Rouge General's Health Tip of the Week: Heat waves may double risk of heart attack

Sponsored by Baton Rouge General When the temperature rises, so does the workload on your heart. Hot weather makes your heart pump harder to cool your body, and dehydration thickens your blood, adding even more strain. That can increase the risk of a heart attack, especially if you have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes […]

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Jul 15 • 2:01 AM EDT • Health • businessreport.com
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Heat Dome Broils the Western U.S.

A ridge of high pressure fueled record-breaking temperatures in Montana, Utah, and Wyoming on July 12, 2026.

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Jul 15 • 12:01 AM EDT • Science • science.nasa.gov
Upcoming OLED iPad Mini Allegedly Uses 60Hz 8.4-Inch Display Panel

Apple is allegedly using a 60Hz 8.4-inch display panel in the upcoming OLED iPad mini, which is expected to be released later this year. The information comes courtesy of a hit-and-miss tipster running the account "yeux1122" on the Korean Naver blog. The leaker claims to have been told by a source in Apple's supply chain that the unreleased iPad mini is equipped with a low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) backplane hybrid OLED panel clocked at 60Hz.

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Jul 14 • 8:36 AM EDT • Technology • macrumors.com
No relief from the heat as many US cities will see record overnight temperatures

Rising overnight temperatures are creating dangerous health risks across the U.S.

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Jul 13 • 3:23 PM EDT • Health • baltimoresun.com
No relief from the heat as many US cities will see record overnight temperatures

Rising overnight temperatures are creating dangerous health risks across the U.S.

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Jul 13 • 3:23 PM EDT • Health • bostonherald.com
Ventura County Fire highlights what it takes to fight wildfires, plan water drops

As summer temperatures heat up and the fire season intensifies, ABC7 is looking at the science that goes into fighting a wildfire.

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Jul 13 • 2:36 AM EDT • Science • abc7.com
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A hotter Europe needs Israeli science

The recent heat dome that swept across the continent pushed temperatures to record levels, strained electricity grids, disrupted transport, and forced governments to issue public health warnings.

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Jul 12 • 1:00 PM EDT • Science • jpost.com
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Green MP Hannah Spencer aims to pass law on maximum workplace temperatures

Byelection winner says heatwaves are causing ‘absolute chaos’ and workers need protection from unsafe conditions

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Jul 12 • 9:16 AM EDT • Politics • theguardian.com
Climate Scientists Aghast at How Bad Things Are Getting, and So Fast

Climate scientists, who have long watched as global warming rears its ugly head, are astonished at accelerating temperatures.

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Jul 11 • 7:02 AM EDT • Science • futurism.com
How the ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ is — or isn’t — playing out on the campaign trail

WASHINGTON — While this year’s July 4 celebration in Washington, D.C., was highlighted by extreme temperatures and fireworks, last year’s ceremonial focus was President Donald Trump signing into law a

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Jul 11 • 5:33 AM EDT • Politics • nola.com
NVIDIA GPU Hotspot Temperature Has Been Unlocked Through Mods, & Shows Widespread Thermal Issues Affecting RTX 50 GPUs That Throttle Gaming Performance

Mods have unlocked NVIDIA's GPU Hotspot measurement, which can give you a clue why your latest card is running at lower performance.

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Jul 11 • 4:55 AM EDT • Technology • wccftech.com
The world's highest-dwelling mammal is smaller than your hand

At the top of a 6,739-metre Andean volcano, where the air is thin, temperatures are almost always below freezing and humans struggle to survive, a tiny leaf-eared mouse has made itself at home — dining on toxic plants.

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Jul 11 • 4:00 AM EDT • Science • cbc.ca
Physicists finally build a quantum material predicted more than a decade ago

Researchers have achieved a major milestone by creating a long-sought two-dimensional quantum material and confirming its unusual conducting edge states. The ability to control these states through strain could make the material a promising platform for future room-temperature quantum electronics.

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Jul 10 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
NASA is creating a fifth state of matter on the ISS, thanks to an upgrade to a mini-fridge-sized quantum lab

A new set of upgrades to the International Space Station’s Cold Atom Laboratory is allowing NASA to probe quantum mechanics at the coldest possible temperatures while in zero gravity.

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Jul 10 • 12:37 PM EDT • Science • livescience.com
UK heatwave: Heat health alerts extended as temperatures expected to peak

Almost all of England is under amber alerts for likely disruption to health services and travel.

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Jul 9 • 10:00 AM EDT • Health • bbc.com
Barcelona registers highest temperature in 112 years as UK health service urges children and elderly to ‘take weather seriously’

Some stations in Spain recorded temperatures of up to 44C after western Europe experienced the warmest June on record

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Jul 9 • 4:10 AM EDT • Health • theguardian.com
UK weather latest: Temperatures above 30C expected again as heatwave continues

Amber and yellow heat health alerts are in place across England, as the UK experiences what could be one of the longest heatwaves since 1976.

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Jul 9 • 1:39 AM EDT • Health • bbc.com
Scientists finally solved a 150-year-old gallium mystery

Scientists have rewritten the story of gallium after discovering that its unusual atomic bonds re-form at high temperatures, contradicting decades of accepted theory. The finding changes how researchers explain why the metal melts so easily and behaves unlike almost any other metal. Beyond solving a long-standing scientific mystery, the work could lead to advances in semiconductors, nanotechnology, and liquid metal engineering.

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Jul 8 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
AI helped scientists discover two new superconductors, bringing them closer to a room-temperature breakthrough that could change electronics

Artificial intelligence is now fast becoming an important component in scientific investigations, and its recent achievement may have very significant effects on the advancement of technology. Scientists devised a way to utilise artificial intelligence in scientific research, which has not only resulted in the discovery of two new superconductors, but has also expedited the process of discovering even more superconductors.

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Jul 8 • 8:14 AM EDT • Science • timesofindia.indiatimes.com
Scientists enable DNA synthesis using only temperature instead of chemical reagents

"Complex chemical processes are essential for making DNA." This long-held assumption in the field of biotechnology has been overturned by a Korean research team. A KAIST research team has developed the ...

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Jul 7 • 9:20 AM EDT • Science • phys.org
AI just supercharged the race to find room temperature superconductors

Scientists have combined machine learning with quantum physics to discover two new superconductors and create a much faster way to search for many more. The technique could bring researchers significantly closer to the long-sought goal of a room-temperature superconductor.

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Jul 6 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
Summer barbecues can raise risk of foodborne illness, health expert says

As backyard barbecues and outdoor gatherings become more common during the summer, health experts are reminding people that warmer temperatures can also increas

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Jul 6 • 6:01 PM EDT • Health • foxbaltimore.com
Amber health alert for South West before further hot weather

The warning is issued for south-west England as temperatures are expected to rise later this week.

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Jul 6 • 1:16 PM EDT • Health • bbc.com
Virginia health officials warn that heat is causing medical issues for hundreds

HAMPTON ROADS, Va. (WAVY) — As visitors and locals wrap up the Independence Day holiday weekend, new data reveals the stark reality of how extreme, record-breaking temperatures are impacting health…

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Jul 5 • 1:03 PM EDT • Health • wavy.com
Want to leverage wearable tech like a World Cup athlete? Here are the metrics to track

Millions of people around the world wear smart rings and fitness trackers to keep tabs on their sleep, workouts, heart rate and even body temperature, all in the name of better understanding their health. But at the World Cup, that same technology is being pushed to an elite level.

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Jul 5 • 6:30 AM EDT • Health • cnn.com
These 10 Medications May Raise Your Risk of Heat-Related Illness

As summer temperatures climb, so do the risks of heat-related illnesses, particularly for those who take certain medications, such as GLP-1s, diuretics, antidepressants, and beta-blockers. Here's what you need to know to stay safe.

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Jul 5 • 3:40 AM EDT • Health • healthline.com
Can we finally wear shorts to the office this summer?

The resistance to shorts in formal offices is powerful, but rising temperatures have renewed the debate about their place in offices.

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Jul 4 • 1:00 PM EDT • Business • seattletimes.com
Monmouth Cancels Second Straight Card Due To Heat

Monmouth Park has canceled live racing for Saturday, July 4, due to excessive heat. The day's scheduled races will appear as extras for the card on Friday, July 10. The Oceanport, N.J. track also canceled its Friday, July 3 card because of the extremely hot weather. Temperatures for Saturday are ...

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Jul 4 • 12:24 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Heatwave conditions forecast in Somerset as health alert issued

Just weeks after a June temperature record was set in Merryfield, Somerset, the hot weather is set to return.

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Jul 4 • 10:50 AM EDT • Health • bbc.com
Heart health and heat: How hot is too much?

As temperatures rise, so does the risk of dangerous outcomes

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Jul 3 • 8:00 PM EDT • Health • thecharlottepost.com
What we know about Trump’s July Fourth fireworks event

President Donald Trump’s celebration for America’s 250th anniversary will culminate Saturday with a record-breaking fireworks show on the National Mall amid scorching temperatures and controversy over his efforts to put himself at the center of the commemoration.

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Jul 3 • 10:48 AM EDT • Politics • cnn.com
Health Alert in effect until 10am for potential smoke and haze, Red Flag Warnings continue in Southern Colorado

Hotter temperatures expected over the next couple afternoons, heat should back off slightly by Sunday

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Jul 3 • 7:34 AM EDT • Health • koat.com
Holiday weekend heat slows business downtown

As temperatures climb past 100 degrees, vendors and restaurants are adapting while hoping customers continue to show up.

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Jul 2 • 6:06 PM EDT • Business • wbaltv.com
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Taking the world’s temperature: WHO chief spotlights global health emergencies

The hantavirus global outbreak is officially over, Ebola outbreaks are growing in Africa and responders are helping recovery efforts in quake-hit Venezuela, the World Health Organization (WHO) chief said on Thursday, announcing updates on global health emergencies.

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Jul 2 • 12:47 PM EDT • Health • news.un.org
Global ocean temperatures are entering “uncharted territory,” climate scientists say

Sea surface temperatures in late June reached nearly 70 degrees Fahrenheit on average, shattering records

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Jul 1 • 3:44 PM EDT • Science • scientificamerican.com
CHAMP Initiative Combines Climate Science and Storytelling to Address Urban Heat

As summer temperatures climb, so does the risk of extreme heat—now recognized by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the leading cause of weather-related deaths in the United States. In cities such as Camden, where buildings, pavement, and other infrastructure trap heat and create higher temperatures than surrounding areas, understanding the impacts of urban […]

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Jul 1 • 2:55 PM EDT • Science • sebsnjaesnews.rutgers.edu
It snowed in Yellowstone this week

The higher the elevation, the cooler the temperature.

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Jul 1 • 12:36 PM EDT • Science • popsci.com
Crunchtime in the Air-Conditioning Business: Long Days and Hot Work

With Chicago and much of the country in the grips of a heat wave, air-conditioning technicians are enduring sweltering temperatures to keep systems working.

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Jul 1 • 5:03 AM EDT • Business • nytimes.com
Baton Rouge General’s Health Tip of the Week: Man, it’s hot in here!

Sponsored by Baton Rouge General Night sweats affect nearly 45% of adults at some point, and while it might not be talked about as much as it is with women and menopause, men do experience those middle-of-the-night wakeups drenched in sweat. Low testosterone disrupting the body’s temperature regulation system is a big culprit, but there […]

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Jul 1 • 2:01 AM EDT • Health • businessreport.com
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Columbia health expert gives Fourth of July heat safety tips

With temperatures in the 90s this Fourth of July weekend, health officials urge people to take precautions while enjoying the holiday.

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Jun 30 • 12:28 PM EDT • Health • komu.com
France’s Far Right Joins the Fray of Air Conditioning Politics

France’s far right is promising air conditioners now, rather than climate solutions for later, to try and sway voters as Europe bakes under record temperatures.

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Jun 30 • 8:29 AM EDT • Politics • bloomberg.com
iPhone 18e Won't Get ProMotion Display, Says Leaker

Apple's upcoming iPhone 18e will have the same display refresh rate as the existing iPhone 17e, according to a prominent Chinese leaker. Discussing Apple's product plans for 2027 in a Weibo post, Digital Chat Station claimed that the next generation of Apple's low-cost iPhone will feature the same 60Hz low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) TFT panel as the current model.

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Jun 29 • 5:54 AM EDT • Technology • macrumors.com
England players use new sports drink to help beat extreme heat at World Cup

The Football Association placed a large order for a sports drink produced by a company owned by the double Olympic triathlon champion Alistair Brownlee which helps to control body temperature

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Jun 28 • 11:05 AM EDT • Sports • theguardian.com
Triangle braces for dangerous heat as temperatures could hit 103
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Jun 26 • 4:31 PM EDT • Health • wral.com
Air-conditioning becomes political amid sweltering Europe heatwave

Much of western Europe baked under a “heat dome” as temperatures soar. Authorities warn that the extreme conditions could endanger lives across countries, many of which have limited air conditioning, a topic of which has left the people of Paris divided.

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Jun 26 • 11:02 AM EDT • Politics • nbcnews.com
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Impact of European heat wave on transportation, businesses, tourism

A heat wave across Europe caused record-breaking temperatures, affecting businesses, infrastructure, and daily life.

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Jun 25 • 3:07 PM EDT • Business • businessinsider.com
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Europe heatwave breaks records as UN agencies ramp up health warnings

As a record-breaking heatwave grips large parts of Europe, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), national weather services and partners are mobilising heat-health action plans for millions of people facing dangerous temperatures.

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Jun 25 • 1:05 PM EDT • Health • news.un.org
Extreme heat and health: Policy guide reveals what communities need to know

Blistering temperatures exacerbated by high humidity are not just uncomfortable but dangerous. Across Canada, and in communities throughout southwestern Ontario, rising temperatures are affecting people's ...

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Jun 25 • 12:20 PM EDT • Health • phys.org
Europe's heatwave shifts east as as France raises health alert to highest level

Temperatures in Germany could hit 40C in some areas while French officials say deaths linked to the heat are being seen among young people.

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Jun 25 • 8:22 AM EDT • Health • bbc.com
Highest June minimum temperature record broken in Cardiff as ‘savage’ heatwave continues

Thermometer only drops to 23.5C overnight in Welsh capital as climate crisis makes such extreme temperatures more severe and more likely

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Jun 25 • 7:31 AM EDT • Health • theguardian.com
Europe heatwave: Air conditioning creates political divide as France records hottest day

France is being forced to re-think its longstanding reservations about air-conditioning as temperatures soar.

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Jun 24 • 9:51 AM EDT • Politics • bbc.com
Explainer: The health risks of extreme heat

The world is baking under extreme heat, with Europe, Asia and parts of the U.S. all dealing with scorching temperatures.

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Jun 23 • 7:40 AM EDT • Health • reuters.com
France restricts public alcohol consumption and outdoor sports as heat wave bakes parts of Europe

France banned public alcohol consumption in some areas, closed hundreds of schools and canceled events as an extreme heat wave sent temperatures soaring across Europe.

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Jun 21 • 3:28 PM EDT • Sports • nbcnews.com
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Long Marches, Heat Struggles for Houston’s World Cup Visitors

“We are not used to these temperatures,” one Dutch fan told FOS.

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Jun 20 • 6:47 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
As temperatures climb, Health officials urges parents to sharpen water safety habits

Dr.Emanuele Maccalli fromKaweah Health shares important information with the community about water safety.As the temperature rises, the concern of drowning al

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Jun 19 • 10:07 PM EDT • Health • kmph.com
Metro Health reports 94 heat-related illnesses in San Antonio since May

Metro Health has reported 94 heat-related illnesses from May through this Saturday, a reminder that dangerous temperatures can quickly become a medical emergency.

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Jun 18 • 6:26 AM EDT • Health • ksat.com
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The Medical Minute: Sweltering summer? Avoid heat-related illness

As temperatures soar this summer, the risk of heat-related illness does, too. Recognizing the symptoms of this preventable illness and getting swift treatment are critically important.

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Jun 17 • 11:06 AM EDT • Health • pennstatehealthnews.org
FSU scientists uncover differences in drivers of long-term temperature changes in Atlantic, Pacific oceans

Florida State University researchers have identified key differences in the root causes of long-term sea-surface temperature changes across the Atlantic

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Jun 17 • 8:10 AM EDT • Science • news.fsu.edu
Superconductivity breakthrough could unlock ultra-efficient electronics

A clever nanoscale redesign may have solved one of superconductivity’s biggest problems. Researchers in Sweden discovered that by subtly sculpting the surface beneath an ultrathin superconducting material, they could make it stay superconducting at higher temperatures and under much stronger magnetic fields.

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Jun 16 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
More Coral Reefs May Survive Climate Change Than Scientists Once Thought

A new global analysis maps reefs with the greatest potential to withstand warmer temperatures, strengthening calls for their protection.

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Jun 16 • 3:39 PM EDT • Science • insideclimatenews.org
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NASA spots giant ocean swell that could signal El Niño’s return

NASA satellites have detected a vast pulse of warm water reaching the coast of South America, signaling that El Niño is likely developing. The warm water is being carried eastward by massive ocean waves known as Kelvin waves, which also cause sea levels to rise. El Niño can reshape weather patterns worldwide, bringing floods, droughts, and temperature extremes.

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Jun 15 • 8:00 AM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
Scientists Horrified as Huge Heatwave Hits Antarctica

Record-breaking temperatures are hitting Antarctica, which is extremely bad news for the planet's delicate climate.

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Jun 14 • 9:45 AM EDT • Science • futurism.com
US heat wave doesn’t have to derail summer fun or fitness. Here are hydration tips, what to eat and when to exercise

A widespread heat wave is building across the United States, and when the temperature is rising, how you eat, drink and exercise can all have an effect on your health.

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Jun 13 • 6:30 AM EDT • Health • cnn.com
Birmingham restaurant reopens after failing health inspection with 53

Hotspot on Dennison Avenue SW in Birmingham temporarily closed after scoring a 53 on its health inspection due to mold, expired milk and temperature violations, but has since reopened after scoring a 97 on its fourth inspection.

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Jun 12 • 2:14 PM EDT • Health • wbrc.com
This evolutionary biologist fuses art into her science

Victoria Glynn is studying how high temperatures are affecting ocean plankton. She also makes art to help communicate science to the public.

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Jun 11 • 6:30 AM EDT • Science • snexplores.org
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Why India’s deadly dengue crisis is now no longer confined to the monsoons

Experts warn that rising temperatures, erratic rainfall and rapid urbanisation have transformed the seasonal disease.

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Jun 11 • 1:40 AM EDT • Health • aljazeera.com
Eugene braces for 90-degree heat as Lane County health officials urge residents to prepare

With temperatures in Eugene expected to spike into the 90s Sunday and Monday, health officials and HVAC experts are urging residents to prepare now to stay safe

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Jun 10 • 7:54 PM EDT • Health • nbc16.com
Board of Health warns about extreme heat during World Cup

Due to humidity, temperatures will feel warmer than they show.

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Jun 10 • 6:12 PM EDT • Health • wsbtv.com
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Extreme heat health alert issued in Chester County amid high temperatures

The alert, effective from June 10 through June 13, marks the first extreme heat health alert issued by the Chester County Health Department in 2026.

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Jun 10 • 12:13 PM EDT • Health • nbcphiladelphia.com
NSF to remove four measurement arrays in the deep ocean

The National Science Foundation will remove four ocean monitoring stations used to collect measurements of ocean temperature, currents and more.

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Jun 10 • 1:38 AM EDT • Science • usatoday.com
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Scientists Say All Life on Earth May Follow the Same Temperature Rule

Despite its incredible diversity, there is a universal tie between all life on Earth, regardless of species. This unifying trend is found throughout different species and even across kingdoms, whether...

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Jun 8 • 4:50 PM EDT • Science • yahoo.com
A Hoopaholic’s Monday Fret

Saturday was the first of many to come when the warm joy of early spring morphs to unbearable humidity. Really humid. One didn’t need a Temperature Humidity Index to know. Air that inquires, like what am I doing wandering outside when my shirt feels like dank dishrag? The calendar said early June. The weather read […]

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Jun 8 • 2:14 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Butte County Public Health urges heat safety as triple-digit temperatures near Northstate

As parts of the Northstate are expected to see triple-digit temperatures later this week, Butte County Public Health (BCPH) officials are emphasizing the import

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Jun 8 • 12:42 PM EDT • Health • krcrtv.com
Protecting Heart Health in an Era of Temperature Extremes

Extreme heat and cold are growing cardiovascular risks that can trigger heart attacks, strokes, heart failure and sudden cardiac death, according to a recent scientific statement by experts at Weill Cornell Medicine and other leading institutions.

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Jun 8 • 7:08 AM EDT • Health • news.weill.cornell.edu
These 5 Places Are So Hot Scientists Still Can’t Explain Their Temperatures - Futura-Sciences

Where the Heat Breaks All the Rules There are places around the world where temperatures can spike to absolutely mind-boggling levels. In these isolated regions, air temperatures can hit and even exceed 122°F (50°C). It’s not just a dry heat—it’s the kind of sizzle that keeps meteorologists on alert. Here’s...

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Jun 7 • 9:00 AM EDT • Science • futura-sciences.com
Stupid hot: Heat waves cause cognitive changes in animals, making them more aggressive and unable to complete basic tasks

As temperatures rise, some creatures pick fights while others struggle to learn. The consequences of these behavioral changes may ripple through ecosystems.

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Jun 6 • 1:00 PM EDT • Science • livescience.com
Scientists identify the origin of noise in spin qubit quantum processors

Charge noise arising from two-level fluctuators is considered to play a key role in causing qubit frequency shifts in silicon spin qubits, resulting in deteriorated gate fidelity. Higher temperatures can improve gate fidelity, but the microscopic origins of this effect and of qubit frequency shift have not yet been established. Now, using statistical simulations, researchers have clarified the parameter regimes under which gate fidelity can be improved and the potential origin of qubit frequency shifts.

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Jun 4 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • eurekalert.org
Scientists discover a quantum effect that could eliminate batteries

Researchers have discovered how microscopic imperfections and atomic vibrations can be used to control a powerful quantum effect in an advanced material. The effect can turn alternating electrical signals from the environment directly into the kind of current electronic devices need, without traditional components. As temperature changes, the signal can even flip direction, giving scientists a new way to tune device performance.

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Jun 3 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • sciencedaily.com
Rabies Makes Its Return to Wyoming - Wyoming Department of Health

As summer approaches and temperatures rise, the Wyoming Department of Health (WDH) is warning residents about wild animals that may carry rabies. The most common carriers of rabies in our state are bats and skunks, but any mammal can be infected with rabies, including humans. The first confirmed case of rabies for 2026 occurred […]

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Jun 3 • 6:32 PM EDT • Health • health.wyo.gov
Health and Safety Impacts of Aircraft Cabin Temperatures

Excessively hot or cold temperatures in commercial aircraft may affect the health and safety of passengers and flight attendants. A new National Academies report surveys the evidence on the influence of cabin temperature and humidity on safety and recommends strategies to improve monitoring and risk management.

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Jun 3 • 8:00 AM EDT • Health • nationalacademies.org
The cult of objectivity has broken consciousness science

With 22 competing theories and no consensus in sight, the science of consciousness is lost. In this exclusive IAI interview, Berkeley psychedelics researcher and bestselling author of a new book on consciousness Michael Pollan insists that even though consciousness lies beyond traditional forms of scientific investigation, we should resist becoming dualists who see it as something radically different from ordinary stuff in the world. Instead, he makes the case for reimagining science itself: it must stop reaching for objective descriptions of physical reality, and instead embrace subjectivity as the indispensable core of all inquiry. Alasdair Craig: How did your experiences with psychedelics get you interested in consciousness?Michael Pollan: One of the things that happens on psychedelics is that they foreground consciousness. What formerly seemed perfectly transparent and ever present—and yet, non-existent, as water is to fish—suddenly you see it. The metaphor I use in the book is that psychedelics sponge the windscreen. Suddenly you realize: wow, there’s a windscreen, there is this phenomenon that’s mediating my relationship to reality. This is not an unusual realization on psychedelics. I think a lot of people are called to think about consciousness after psychedelic experiences. So that was the proximate inspiration for A World Appears: A Journey Into Consciousness (2026).And then there was a more specific way in which psychedelics influence the book. That was a particular experience I had on psilocybin. I had the sensation that the plants in my garden were conscious and returning my gaze, with their own point of view and agency, and I got curious as to how to evaluate an insight like that. I mean, what’s the truth quotient of insights you have on psychedelics? And I was reading William James—who, of course, wrote beautifully about mystical experience—and he said, we can’t judge the metaphysics here, but we should pay attention to two criteria: (1) How useful is it to think this is true? He was a pragmatist, of course. And (2) can we subject it to other ways of knowing to validate it? Because maybe we should treat these insights as hypotheses. And that’s kind of how I approach psychedelics, as a great generator of hypotheses, but they need to be tested against other ways of knowing. And so that led me down this long path exploring the science of plant intelligence and plant sentience.AC: I love your phrase, “smudging the windowpane of conscious experience.” So do you now start to think, actually, even when I’m not on psychedelics, I’m just seeing a screen all the time, which is not reality, but rather is my conscious experience, behind which reality is hidden?MP: Well, you know, not when I’m brushing my teeth and making breakfast! But yes, in meditation, certainly. I mean, one of the things you realize is that my experience happens to be this way now, but it could be another way. And many things can affect it. My morning coffee changes the screen in various ways, sharpens certain things.___The only tool we have to understand consciousness is consciousness.___There’s this wonderful metaphor in Aldous Huxley’s book, The Doors of Perception, where he thinks we channel consciousness, and that what the brain does is edit it, and there’s a reducing valve. And psychedelics open the reducing valve wider. I don’t know that I’m ready to buy into the idea that consciousness exists outside brains, but I do love that metaphor because there are times when you are more conscious than others. I know I’ve switched from window pane to valve, but you know, a camera aperture can open wider or narrower. And I do have a sense of that. I have a sense of when I’m being less conscious, and when I’m being more conscious, by which I mean, you know, more present, taking in more sensory information. So when you start thinking about consciousness as a matter of degree, that changes things also.I think when we scroll on social media, obviously, we’re conscious. But minimally so, because we don’t have to generate our own thoughts. We’re basically taking these little hits from other people and thinking their thoughts.The process of writing this book made me kind of relativize everyday consciousness as just one type, which is exactly what William James said. Normal consciousness is one type, separated by the flimsiest of screens from the other types.AC: If we stick with the metaphor of the smudge on the window that you get when you take psychedelics, it seems like we’re saying that consciousness has become like an object that you’re looking at, right? You’re looking at the smudge and that just is consciousness. But sometimes we’ll talk about consciousness as a state that you’re in, rather than an object you can perceive. You’re either conscious or you’re not conscious. So it’s difficult to really know what sort of thing we’re talking about when we talk about consciousness, right?MP: Yeah. When you say that consciousness is an object, what’s the subject? Consciousness also? The only tool we have to understand consciousness is consciousness. So we’re in a closed loop and when we get a perspective on consciousness, we’re not achieving any distance from it. That’s one of the problems with studying consciousness. Science is predicated on an objective, God’s eye view of things, and you never get that. There’s no such thing. SUGGESTED VIEWING The brain filters consciousness With Àlex Gómez-Marín But, yeah, there is this sense, I think, that consciousness is something you can approach. Certainly, when you’re writing and trying to recreate a conscious experience, it’s a fiction, but you’re standing back from it, and looking at it. But there’s no real subject-object distinction.AC: That’s so interesting, because when philosophers start talking about consciousness, they often talk about what they call “qualia”, which is their word for the felt experience of, say, the color red. And I think that way of speaking often makes us think of the qualia as an object, which you can see out there: the redness of red. But, as you say, we also want to collapse the subject-object distinction when we talk about consciousness. So there’s something strange going on here…MP: Oh, yeah, there are many strange things going on! *AC: Let’s talk about the varieties of consciousness. Apart from perceptions, there are, pains, emotions, thoughts, and so on. What is it that holds all this diversity together so that they all count as instances of consciousness? What is it that they all have in common?MP: Yeah, that’s a really good question. I mean, there is sensory information, right? Which we perceive coming from the world outside ourselves. And then there’s internal information, which is what’s called interoception. And this is very important too. This is where feelings come from—what are sometimes called homeostatic feelings—that are intended to get the brain to keep us in these narrow ranges of temperature and glucose and so on. That’s a very important part of consciousness. And according to some researchers, who I think are probably right, this is where consciousness begins, with these very primal feelings, like hunger and thirst and warmth and itch, and things like that. And then there’s this third thing, which is our thinking about thinking.And what holds all this together is, I think, the sense of self. Consciousness generates a self: it is probably an organizing principle. All this stuff is happening to the self. It’s a construct, I think, but it is very useful. It can connect all these different streams of consciousness to a single being or a place, metaphorically speaking.* AC: The first half of your book is about the science of consciousness. Is consciousness just another thing, like black holes or the origin of life, which we don’t yet understand, but which we should have every hope that science will one day get to the bottom of, or is there something special about consciousness that makes this unlikely?MP: It depends how you define science. As we define science now, it’s going be very difficult. Science since Galileo has had a set of rules or assumptions, which is that the proper remit of science is to deal with the objective, quantifiable, third-person world. And the physical sciences have done amazing work under that set of limitations. Galileo—for tactical reasons, not for philosophical reasons—said science should not deal with the soul, which at the time was what consciousness was considered to be. So what is subjective, what is qualitative, what is first person, we’re going to leave to the church, he said. And this was a good agreement, and it probably kept many scientists from getting burned at the stake. But it leaves science in an awkward spot, now that it wants to venture into that territory of qualities, of first-person experience. And I don’t think it has the proper tools. I think it will have to add to its toolkit in some way, and find a way to bring in phenomenology, or lived experience and introspection, which science is usually dismissive of.The challenge—we alluded to it earlier—is that the only tool you have to study consciousness with is consciousness. And what I mean by that is, the whole scientific enterprise is a manifestation of consciousness. As much as scientists like to flatter themselves with this idea that they attain a godlike perspective on what they study, when it comes to consciousness, there’s no such thing. And it’s fine for all the things you can step outside of and study from that perspective. But two areas it won’t work are consciousness and cosmology.___It could be that we live in this anomaly of not believing nature is conscious. And maybe psychedelics are teaching us something we’ve forgotten.___With cosmology, too, you have to study the universe from inside the universe. It’s not that cosmologists haven’t made progress. We know a lot about the age of the universe and expansion and things like that. But we can’t penetrate what happened before the Big Bang. We just don’t have the tools because we can’t stand outside.The fact that there are 22 full-scale theories of consciousness tells you all you need to know: we’re kind of lost. And I was surprised to find that we are more lost than I thought we were when I started this. I thought that there’d be leading theories, or that we had experiments that we could conduct that would nail some of this down. And the fact is, we don’t.So, I don’t know if science can solve it. But, of course, we can change the rules of science. A really influential book for me was a book called The Blind Spot, by two physicists, Marcello Gleiser and Adam Frank, and a philosopher, Evan Thompson. It’s a reminder that science is a social practice. It’s organized in a certain way and it can be organized in a different way. But it has this huge blind spot at the center of it, which is its failure to recognize that it is a form of consciousness itself, and it doesn’t have a good way of taking account of lived experience.AC: On the one hand, I think you want to resist traditional dualism, which would say that consciousness is something magical, something supernatural, right? But on the other hand, you’re accepting that there is this division in reality between the stuff that you can investigate objectively and measure, and so on—the stuff that science has been good at finding out about—and consciousness, which, for some reason, you can’t objectively measure. Some would take this to suggest that the dualism is actually right. Is there a way of reconciling these two strands of your thinking?MP: To call it magical is full of value judgement. I mean, you could just say immaterial. The interesting thing is, I think, that intuitively we’re all dualists. And I don’t know whether that’s because we’re children of Descartes and other cultures are less dualist than we are. Or it may be because that’s how consciousness feels. It feels different than the body. It feels separate from the body. But I don’t think we should trust that intuition.AC: So let’s think about ways that science might be changed to get at consciousness. I suppose the starting point would be the way that you begin the second half of your book. You have this nice line from William James, where he says, “We now begin our study of the mind from within.” Could you give us some sense of the ways of studying the mind from within? What does this involve?MP: I don’t know what that science looks like. But one of the points I’m making is that it depends on the humanities. I found that I learned as much, if not more, about consciousness, from reading novels and poetry. There is a sense of the fullness and complexity of consciousness that you don’t get in any scientific account. I interviewed this stream-of-consciousness writer and I approached her as an expert on consciousness, and she is. So I think that dialogue is really important.I’m reading Ben Lerner’s new novel, Transcription. Just read the first page of this novel: it’s a man falling asleep on a train, going to conduct an interview, and there is the experience of being in the train, facing backwards, there’s the view outside, but there’s a reflection of himself through which he’s seeing outside. There’s the memory of dropping his kids off at school. All this is going on in one moment of consciousness. Scientists aren’t going anywhere near that. But I think it’s useful for them to think about. That’s where we’re trying to go: like, how does such a layered experience happen? You know, it also makes you wonder, could a computer ever do this? And it gives you some doubt.*AC: Before we get to computers, perhaps we could talk briefly about plants. How did you come to feel that they are sentient?MP: Well, it was a psychedelic experience, and it’s not unusual on psychedelics. In fact, there’ve been studies about how people become animists during psychedelic experience. Their belief in animism arises after a single psychedelic experience.You know, most scientists would say this is all a myth. But we have only 400 years of the age of enlightenment and science. Before that, we were animists, and if you go around the world, most indigenous cultures are still animists, and children are animists, by and large, until they go to school. So it could be that we live in this anomaly of not believing nature is conscious. And maybe psychedelics are teaching us something we’ve forgotten.As I said, I wanted to test this idea, and see whether there was conventional scientific evidence for it. And there’s fascinating work going on in a field that calls itself—in a rather cheeky way—plant neurobiology. These are people who fully realize there are no neurons in plants, but they’re trolling conventional botanists! And they’re doing experiments that are demonstrating that plants can learn and remember, which is kind of amazing: how do you store a memory without neurons? They’re finding plants that can solve problems, that can hear and see. In fact, they have 20 senses to our five or six. For example, a bean plant looking for something to twine, and given a pole within eight inches or so of it, knows where that pole is and will aim its spiraling reach at that pole. What is that about? Is it bouncing signals off of it?One of the spookiest things is the fact that the same anesthetics that put us out put plants out. You might think that plants are already out, but they’re not. They’re just slow. If you take a plant with a fast behavior, like a Venus flytrap, and give it an anesthetic, it will stop reacting. So you have to ask yourself, what is lost when the plant is anaesthetized? Some state of alertness, of awareness, of its environment, of reactivity. I’m not prepared to call that consciousness, but maybe it’s sentience—which is a simpler form of consciousness, and involves the ability to sense what’s going on in your environment and assess what’s good and bad for you and act appropriately. That may be a universal quality of life.AC: Let’s turn from plants to AI. You point out that LLMs are trained on the internet rather than direct interactions with reality. You put this really nicely when you say the internet is not the world so much as a shadow cast by the world. So LLMs are living in this kind of shadow world, or in Plato’s cave, as you put it. What’s the significance of this for AI consciousness and moral consideration? And, to recall the beginning of our conversation, if we’re stuck behind a veil or screen of consciousness, are we also stuck in a kind of shadow world?MP: I don’t think they’re the same shadow worlds because our world includes nature and other people. And even if it’s mediated in some ways... There is a reality out there, and we are in relation to it, through consciousness. There’s friction with it. What’s missing from the LLMs is that friction with the real world. There’s more to the world than human representation, which is what they’re dealing with. And that means that so far, AI is a cultural technology for combining thoughts we’ve already had. SUGGESTED VIEWING Cracking the code for thought With Roger Penrose, Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski, Max Tegmark, Güneş Taylor Genuine creativity is more than collage. A lot of what AI does now is tantamount to collage, putting this with that and you know, that’s part of art, certainly. But there are also genuinely new ideas that come into the world that don’t come in through manipulating the representations we already have. So it remains to be seen whether AIs can be truly creative in that more radical sense.But my arguments against AI becoming conscious have to do with the fact that the idea of AI consciousness is based on this faulty metaphor that the brain is a computer. There are dimensions in which the brain is like a computer—it certainly does its share of computation. But computers have this sharp distinction between hardware and software, and brains don’t. In a brain, hardware and software are identical. Every memory is a physical change to the brain. Brains are not interchangeable in the way computers are. So this idea that you could take the consciousness out and somehow run it on another substrate, a silicon substrate, seems foolhardy.Anyway, it’s a more extended argument, and I may be wrong. And when we move to computers that aren’t based on silicon—neuromorphic computers and things like that—all bets may be off.AC: Regarding your point about LLMs being stuck in the world of our representations—the internet or whatever—and not being able to interact with reality, are these representations, the world of the internet, themselves part of reality? We’ve created the internet, but it’s still a real thing that exists. And so while the LLMs may be trapped within that part of reality, they’re nevertheless within reality and interacting with it and so on. So it’s not obvious that there’s a barrier there to them becoming conscious and being creative.MP: Yeah, I mean, if our consciousness is built out of human culture, which is what we’re talking about with all those representations. But I tend to think consciousness comes a bit more out of nature and friction with the natural world, but...AC: So there’s a fundamental divide between the natural world and human artefacts?MP: And we lose track of that, and especially people in this computer world. You know, the people who are creating these AI systems, my guess is they’ve been into video games since the age of three, and they didn’t go outside a lot. And their own contact with nature is somewhat limited. I could be wrong, it’d be a very interesting thing to ask, all the wizards of AI, whether they like to go fishing and hiking and do things like that. Or were they on computers from a very early age? I interviewed Blake Lemoine, the Google engineer who came to believe that LaMDA, the Google LLM out at the time, was conscious and deserved personhood. It was very clear that he didn’t see a distinction between this bubble in which he lived and the real world. And I think we’ve all been distanced from the natural world, and this is taking us even further away. But it’s still there, you know, and we still have bodies, and we’re still mortal, and we don’t live in a simulation.AC: I think that’s a great place to finish. Michael Pollan, thank you very much!

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Jun 3 • 8:00 AM EDT • Science • iai.tv