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How Warnock became play-offs' record-breaking boss
Neil Warnock - the most decorated manager in EFL play-off history - explains how sides can be successful in the play-offs.
O'Neill urges Celtic to move quick on manager
Celtic manager's advice to club, Hearts boss on title pain and Aberdeen defender linked with move.
Celtic 3-1 Hearts: What O'Neill said
Celtic have been leaving it late in recent weeks but we were never out of it and we have done brilliantly in recent weeks. The only time I felt like we had won the game was when Callum Osmand put the ball in the back of the net.
Community Health Alliance celebrates expansion of the Neil Road Health Center
"We're all very excited, because we kind of just never imagined that it would look like this," saidMaria Fernandez, medical director at the Neil Road Health Ce
MBA grad credits peers for making business personal
Despite earning dual undergraduate degrees from Arizona State University in 2022, Frankie O'Neill ('22 BA in art history and business) says the W. P.
Why did Neil Gaiman leave 'Good Omens'?
'Good Omens,' Amazon Prime's adaptation of Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett's 1990 bestseller, ends today with a 90-minute finale. But Gaiman, who created the series, wasn't involved in its production. Here's why.
Neil Griffin College of Business Recognizes Most Outstanding Graduates
The most outstanding 2025-26 graduates of the Neil Griffin College of Business at Arkansas State University were recognized during Convocation of Scholars.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. and U.S. Department of Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins announced the new food pyramid
U.S. Health and Human Service (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. hosts U.S. Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins at the HHS Headquarters for the celebration of a major announcement. FDA Commissioner Marty Makary kicked off the event. Speakers included Kelly Loeffler, United States Administrator of the Small Business Administration, Jay Bhattacharya, Director of the National Institutes of Health of the United States, Ben Carson, National Advisor for Nutrition, Health, and Housing at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Jim O’Neill, United States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services, Brian Christine, Assistant Secretary for Health and Head of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and Kyle Diamantas, Deputy Commissioner for Human Foods for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (USDA photo by Christophe Paul)
Celtic peaking 'at exactly right time'
Darren O'Dea believes Celtic are peaking at the perfect time as they attempt to reel in Hearts at the top of the Scottish Premiership. Celtic have turned to Martin O'Neill as interim manager twice this season after Brendan Rodgers and Wilfried Nancy left and the veteran Northern Irishman has navigated difficulties both on and off the pitch.
Katalyst Wraps Testing at NASA Goddard for Swift Boost Mission
A daring mission to lift NASA’s sinking Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory is now one step closer to launch this June.
Trump's pick for science director: a Silicon Valley investor with no science background
Jim O'Neill, a longevity enthusiast and vaccine skeptic, is Trump's pick to head the National Science Foundation
‘The Book Of Mormon’ Cancels Broadway Performances Through May 17 Due To Fire
Producers of Broadway’s The Book of Mormon and venue owner ATG Entertainment have canceled performances of the hit musical comedy through Sunday, May 17, due to the May 4 fire at the Eugene O’Neill Th...
How these three leaders turned Manchester City into Women’s Super League champions
Managing director Charlotte O’Neill, sporting director Therese Sjogran and manager Andree Jeglertz have been crucial to City's title triumph
Footy fan walking five marathons to team's last game
Oxford United fan Neil McManus is currently walking to The Den for the U's game against Millwall.
“Jurassic Park” star Sam Neill reveals health update after cancer treatment stopped working: 'I was on the way out'
The Australian star, 78, was "at a loss" amid treatment.
King Charles steps into political storm during high-stakes US trip
Royal broadcaster Neil Sean joins ‘Varney & Co.’ to break down King Charles’ Washington visit, efforts to repair U.S.-U.K. ties, and the latest royal drama involving Prince Harry and Meghan Markle.
CBS Sports weighs in on Paul McNeil Jrs status Real chance of staying at NC State
Paul McNeil Jr. remains in the transfer portal at the end of another week, with NC State men's basketball and the fan base both waiting on an official announcement. CBS Sports college basketball analyst Isaac Trotter weighed in with the latest.
2026 NFL Draft best available: Jermod McCoy, Denzel Boston, Emmanuel McNeil-Warren headline Day 2 group
Get to know the biggest names still available in the NFL Draft as the second round is up next.
Renowned physicist alarmed by 'unheard of' number of scientists dying or vanishing now on White House's radar
Multiple scientists linked to UFO research, nuclear labs and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory have mysteriously vanished or died in recent years.
LIV Golf ‘business as usual’ but chief admits rebel tour may need to raise money
Chief executive Scott O’Neil has rejected claims that LIV Golf is close to collapse but said ‘structural changes’ are afoot
White House probing disappearances, deaths of US scientists: 'Pretty serious stuff'
The White House says it will look into the disappearances and deaths of several U.S. government employees who had access to highly classified nuclear and space information.
StarTalk: w/ Andy Weir on the Science of Project Hail Mary (Transcript)
Editor's Notes: In this episode of StarTalk, Neil deGrasse Tyson welcomes back acclaimed sci-fi author Andy Weir to discuss the intricate scientific foundations of his latest bestseller-turned-film, Project Hail Mary. The duo explores the fascinating
Iraola to leave Bournemouth
Bournemouth manager Andoni Iraola will leave the club this summer. The Spaniard joined the club in 2023, replacing then head coach Gary O'Neil. Bournemouth had been determined to keep Iraola at the club but were unable to reach an agreement with the 43-year-old.
Entertainment venues keep packing Fresno-area calendar. 10 (more) shows to watch
Among a slew of announcements, Broadway in Fresno put out its next lineup: We’re getting the Neil Diamond musical and a return of “Jersey Boys.”
Entertainment venues keep packing Fresno-area calendar. 10 (more) shows to watch
Among a slew of announcements, Broadway in Fresno put out its next lineup: We’re getting the Neil Diamond musical and a return of “Jersey Boys.”
Tesla CEO Elon Musk's secret business weapon: Think about existential threats
Former Tesla president Jon McNeill has seen the inner workings of CEO Elon Musk.
The revolution in dinosaur science started 50 years ago—here's what we have learned
The study of dinosaurs has been through a revolution in recent decades. The story began half a century ago, when Robert McNeill Alexander, a professor of zoology at the University of Leeds, showed how ...
Goodwin wants repeat against other half of Old Firm
Jim Goodwin has called on Dundee United to replicate the level of performance they produced in their victory over Celtic as they bid to derail Rangers' Scottish Premiership title bid on Saturday. United defeated the other half of the Old Firm 2-0 at Tannadice in their last match before the international break to leave Martin O'Neill's side five points adrift of leaders Hearts. "We've got to take a lot of confidence out of that Celtic game," manager Goodwin said looking ahead to facing second-top Rangers, with whom they have drawn 2-2 home and away this season.
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Movie Review: Jittery, edgy and magnetic, Riz Ahmed takes 'Hamlet' for a spin
Riz Ahmed puts his own spin on the world's most famous troubled prince in Aneil Karia's “Hamlet,” a pared-down version that clocks in under two hours. Ahmed portrays a prince in a rush and recalls...
Building Brand Funded Entertainment in 2026
Little Black Book, Aardman, Somethin’ Else and Little Dot Studios spoke at Advertising Week Europe, sharing how brands can be a part of culture and storytelling in 2026, as reported by LBB’s Cathy Meyer-Funnell
Two teams, three games, six days
BBC Sport NI looks at how Northern Ireland and Blackburn Rovers manager Michael O'Neill will navigate a unique six-day stretch that will include games against Wales, Birmingham City and a relegation six-pointer against West Brom.
Walt McNeil provides backup to Amanda Marie Green in open CD 2 race
'She has the skillset we need.'
Neil Diamond tribute sure to be ‘So Good!’
BAR HARBOR — Broadway and television star Robert Neary will bring his high-energy production, “So Good! The Neil Diamond Experience,” to the Criterion Theatre in Bar Harbor on Friday, April
How big a miss could Araujo be for Celtic?
With reports suggesting Julian Araujo has been ruled out for up to eight weeks with a thigh injury, Celtic fans are fearing their season could unravel. Martin O'Neill's side currently sit third in the Scottish Premiership after a defeat at Dundee United, with Rangers two points ahead and leaders Hearts five points clear. News of the severity of the injury to Araujo, who has not played since the recent Scottish Cup win at Ibrox, has served as another blow during the international break.
How to Break America’s Great Scientific Stagnation
President Trump’s selection of Jim O’Neill to head the National Science Foundation could open the next great chapter of discovery.
2025 American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow
Department Chair, Professor Alexander Spokoyny has been selected as a 2025 Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in recognition of his distinguished contributions in main group and organometallic chemistry and academic community engagement and leadership. AAAS is the world’s largest general-scientific society and publisher of the journal Science. Spokoyny is among the 449 scientists, engineers, and innovators spanning 24 scientific disciplines who are being recognized for their scientifically and socially distinguished achievements. Four of the new fellows are UCLA faculty members. The new Fellows will be celebrated in Washington, D.C., in late May 2026. Read more about the new AAAS Fellows here. AAAS Fellows in the UCLA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry are Professors Kendall Houk (1988), Paul Weiss (1999), Richard Kaner (2000), David Eisenberg and Todd Yeates (2001), Juli Feigon (2002), Miguel Garcia-Garibay and Steven Clarke (2007), Heather Maynard, Carla Koehler, Xiangfeng Duan and Neil Garg (2018), Paula Diaconescu and Thomas Mason (2019), Joseph Loo (2021), and Yi Tang (2022). Penny Jennings, UCLA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, penjen@g.ucla.edu.
Casey O’Neill
Flyweight Contender Returns To Action For The First Time Since 2024 At UFC Fight Night: Adesanya vs Pyfer
Tesla Book Covers Business Principles
McNeill’s book outlines Musk-inspired principles: question rules, simplify processes, optimize systems, automate last, and accelerate growth.
Trump’s Nominee to Run NSF is Unqualified, Conflicted, and a Threat to Science
If O’Neill is confirmed as NSF’s director, the Trump administration will further tighten its control over an agency created by Congress to be independent in its work to advance science.
McKee nominates Beacon Bank president to chair R.I. Life Science Hub
If confirmed by Senate, William Tsonos would replace Neil Steinberg, who stepped down in July 2025.
The best recent science fiction, fantasy and horror
The Library of Traumatic Memory by Neil Jordan; The Red Winter by Cameron Sullivan; Travel Light by Naomi Mitchison; Between Two Fires by Christopher Buehlman; Spoiled Milk by Avery Curran
Is O'Neill's points average enough to win title?
What do the points average of those in charge of the top four in the Scottish Premiership tell us about who may win the title?
Neil deGrasse Tyson weighs in on aliens, "space jellyfish," movie science and Pluto
A Conversation With Prosek Partner And Head Of Prophecy Neil Goklani On Bringing Brand Into The Boardroom And How Emotion Is Emerging As A Critical Business Currency
Neil Goklani on Bringing Brand into the Boardroom and How Emotion is Emerging as a Critical Business Currency
How is the Iran war reshaping the world and politics here at home?
For the last week, Israeli and US bombs have devastated Iran. And the conflict has widened to include multiple countries in the Gulf. How is the conflict reshaping the world order and impacting Trump’s popularity here in the United States?For sponsor-free episodes of Consider This, sign up for Consider This+ via Apple Podcasts or at plus.npr.org. Email us at considerthis@npr.org.This episode was produced by Connor Donevan, Elena Burnett, Alejandra Marquez Janse and Erika Ryan. It was edited by Barrie Hardymon, Tara Neill, Dana Farrington, Jeanette Woods and Courtney Dorning. Our executive producer is Sami Yenigun.
BBC Sport weekly quiz: Which club is Neil Warnock managing?
How much attention have you paid to what's happened in the world of sport over the past seven days?
O'Neil Cinemas to close in Epping after nearly 14 years
Just a few months after opening its newest movie theater in Londonderry, O’Neil Cinemas has announced it will close its Epping location given changes to the industry.
'Michael O'Neill doesn't possess a magic wand'
Blackburn boss Michael O'Neill has no magic wand to solve Rovers' woes, says BBC Radio Lancashire's Andy Bayes.
'We defended brilliantly'
Millwall manager Alex Neil praises his side's defending after a vital 2-0 win at Preston North End.
Neil Sedaka, the singer-songwriter behind dozens of hits of the 1960s and ‘70s, dies at age 86
Neil Sedaka, the hit-making singer-songwriter whose boyish soprano and bright melodies made him a top act in the early years of rock ‘n’ roll and led to a second run of success in the 1970s, has died.
Key takeaways from President Trump's State of the Union address
President Trump delivered his first State of the Union address of his second term Tuesday night. We break down what he said, what his political messaging was, and how it previews the administration's goals through the midterm elections. We also analyze how the Democrats responded.This episode: senior White House correspondent Tamara Keith, congressional reporter Sam Gringlas, senior political editor & correspondent Domenico Montanaro, and senior national political correspondent Mara Liasson.This podcast was produced and edited by Casey Morell & Bria Suggs.Our executive producer is Muthoni Muturi.Special thanks to Kelsey Snell, Natalie Winston and Neil Tevault.Listen to every episode of the NPR Politics Podcast sponsor-free, unlock access to bonus episodes with more from the NPR Politics team, and support public media when you sign up for The NPR Politics Podcast+ at plus.npr.org/politics.
In tariff case, Supreme Court justices bicker over treating Trump and Biden differently
Justice Neil Gorsuch, who was appointed by President Donald Trump, was unusually direct in suggesting some of his colleagues were treating presidents of opposing parties differently.
The Evolving Politics of Climate Change in China
Drawing on official data, policy signals, and diplomatic developments, Neil Thomas and Guoguang Wu write about how economic pressures, industrial policy, and geopolitical competition are reshaping China’s climate priorities.
Jay Bhattacharya named acting CDC director
Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. dismissed Jim O’Neill, whom Trump will nominate to lead the National Science Foundation, from the CDC job last week.
Pirates All-Star ‘Excited’ For New Star-Studded Supporting Cast
Over the last few years, Bryan Reynolds hasn’t had much help around him in the Pittsburgh Pirates lineup beyond Oneil Cruz and Andrew McCutchen, putting a lot of pressure on him to drive the offense. That won’t be the case this year, however, as the Pirates finally have some proven sluggers to help him carry […]
“Wow”: Neil Patrick Harris Hit With Barrage of U.S. Politics Questions at Berlin ‘Sunny Dancer’ Presser: “I’m Interested in Things That Are Apolitical”
Bella Ramsey, Este Haim, and filmmaker George Jacques arrived at the Berlinale presser with Harris on Friday morning, where the group were asked if cinema can help fight fascism.
O'Neill urges Celtic to buy Saracchi
Interim manager Martin O'Neill would like Celtic to buy on-loan left-back Marcelo Saracchi this summer, while Motherwell's Tawanda Maswanhise is quizzed about reported Old Firm interest.
NASA’s Swift Mission Transitions Ops to Prep for Orbit Boost
On Feb. 11, NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory temporarily suspended most science operations in an effort to reduce atmospheric drag and slow the
WARRANTS: Man shoots gun outside Greenville business
Greenville police arrested 27-year-old Kameron McNeill on Sunday.
The James Hunter Column: ‘The Price Of Sunderland’s Progress’
“Neil and Patterson delivered Sunderland back to the Premier League, and in doing so helped usher in an era that ultimately moved beyond them”, writes James Hunter.
Dwight McNeil partner criticises Crystal Palace over mental health
Dwight McNeil's partner criticises Crystal Palace for "messing" with his mental health after the collapse of his transfer from Everton.
Tuesday’s Everton News: George signs, McNeil deal collapses
Your daily dose of Everton news and rumours
New signing Bannan will provide 'extra quality'
Millwall boss Alex Neil has backed new signing Barry Bannan to provide the "extra bit of quality" his side will need to earn promotion to the Premier League.
How Junk Science Is Driving Reproductive Health Policy: A Live Conversation With Guttmacher Institute, Georgetown University's O'Neill Institute and Ms.
How Junk Science Is Driving Reproductive Health Policy: A Live Conversation With Guttmacher Institute, Georgetown University’s O’Neill Institute and Ms.
Yankees Birthday of the Day: Neil Allen
Allen has had quite the run in his baseball life.
The Politics of Raw Power
On Wednesday a group of Border Patrol agents in Minneapolis pinned a man to the ground and, while he was immobilized, blasted pepper spray into his face
Hearts v Celtic: Pick of the stats
Celtic have won all seven of their league games under Martin O'Neill in 2025-26, conceding just one goal in the process. It's as many league wins as they have in 15 games under Brendan Rodgers (P9 W5 D2 L2) and Wilfried Nancy (P6 W2 D0 L4) combined this season. Hearts have won six of their past seven league games, including all three in 2026 since a 3-2 defeat to rivals Hibernian in December.
Tomas Cvancara delighted to be in running for Hearts test
New signing, Tomas Cvancara gave his first media conference at Lennoxtown on Friday ahead of the weekend’s big game when the Martin O’Neill’s Celtic side travel to take on Hearts at Tynecastle o...
BIZNOTE: Meet the new owners of longtime West Seattle business O’Neill Plumbing
Tyler and Katie Blanchard wanted to ensure that O’Neill Plumbing - founded in 1917 - would remain a family-owned business. So they bought it. Tyler worked for the Morgan Junction-based plumbing company (a WSB sponsor) for 15 years before becoming co-owner wirh Katie, whose previous career was in health care, with a focus on nursing. ...
Spears Business announces 2026 Cumulus Award winners ahead of MSIS Cloud of Honor Celebration
Holt Calder, Alex Evers, Katie O’Neil and Matt Tucker will receive Cumulus Awards at Oklahoma State University’s fifth annual Cloud of Honor Celebration. The Cumulus Award goes to recent MSIS graduates making a significant impact early in their careers.
Scottish gossip: Amenda, Piroe, Gourna-Douath, Neil
Celtic among clubs interested in Swiss centre-back as reported Rangers target moves to France...
There is an old-school urban political machine that has controlled Minnesota for a while, Deputy HHS Secretary says
Deputy HHS Secretary Jim O'Neill unpacks alleged fraud in Minnesota and reveals what happened when he visited the state on 'The Will Cain Show.'
Johnson Named Assistant Sports Performance Coach
ST. LOUIS, Mo. – Head Sports Performance Coach Terry O'Neill has announced the hiring of Jeromey Johnson as the next Assistant Sports Performance Coach at Washington University in St. Louis. He comes to WashU with more than 10 years of experience in sports performance and will begin his time on the Danforth Campus is Tuesday, January 20.
Versatile Farrugia raring to bring 'unpredictability' to Tannadice
Versatile new United signing Neil Faruggia admits he's "happiest" where he's creating chances, having played a "multitude of positions" this season. The 26-year-old has joined from League One Barnsley, having previously featured for frequent League of Ireland winners Shamrock Rovers. "Having the option to have both feet helps you be more unpredictable I found, especially as a forward player," Farrugia told DUTV.
Teaching About Schooling: Integrating Education Politics into Political Science Curricula -
Teaching About Schooling: Integrating Education Politics into Political Science Curricula By Cameron J. Arnzen, Brown University and Chloe B. O’Neill, Columbia University Education is a cornerstone of democracy, yet political science curricula rarely treat it [...]
Since the Supreme Court protected transgender people from discrimination, ‘The backlash has been brutal’
When the Supreme Court, led by Justice Neil Gorsuch, ruled in 2020 that federal law protected transgender workers from discrimination, the justices appeared to launch a new era of rights for a historically shunned group.
Neil Levine, owner of Colonial Cleaners, dies at 67
Levine's son called him the "glue" to the business, which has operated for more than 90 years.
Neil Sweeney was a major part of the fabric of sports, education and life in Pleasanton
"I cannot think of once when I didn’t feel better about life when talking with Neil. I looked forward to hearing Neil’s thoughts on everything I wrote and was honored that he took the time to read my stories."
O'Neill returns to Celtic for rest of season
Martin O'Neill is returning to Celtic as manager for the remainder of the season following the dismissal of Wilfried Nancy.
From Song Sung Blue to Theatre Picasso: your complete entertainment guide to the week ahead
Let a musical based on a documentary about a Neil Diamond tribute band warm your cockles – or take a new look at the work of the Spanish master
Two Colorado defensive linemen declare for NFL Draft
Two mainstays on Colorado’s defensive line are moving on, as Arden Walker and Amari McNeill have announced that they’ve declared for the 2026 NFL Draft. Both Walker and McNeill have played major roles in the Coach Prime era of Colorado football, as they came to Boulder with Deion Sanders in 2023 and stuck around until […]
Vikings vs. Lions Injury Report
See who's in and who's out for the Week 17 matchup between the Detroit Lions and Minnesota Vikings on December 25, 2025.
Slaughtneil set out to banish All-Ireland demons
Chrissy McKaigue says Slaughtneil 'can't look beyond' the challenge of Galway champions Loughrea in Sunday's All-Ireland club Hurling semi-final at Parnell Park (13:30 GMT).
Famous Astrophysicist Defied The Odds To Become Science Star
Odds didn't favor a successful career in science for Neil deGrasse Tyson. But he had a key edge: parents who set no limits.
First GB athletes named for Winter Paralympics
Defending Paralympic champion Neil Simpson leads the first wave of athletes named in the Great Britain squad for next year's Winter Games in Italy.
O’Neill Institute’s Center for Health and Human Rights and Ríos host High Court Justices for Second Annual Judicial Dialogues on Health and the Law in Latin America and the Caribbean
The O’Neill Institute’s Center for Health and Human Rights at Georgetown Law and Ríos Strategic Lawyering for Social Justice held the second annual Judicial Dialogues on Health and the Law in Latin America and the Caribbean event.
Doogan, O’Neil, Roussell, Men Lacrosse Named Finalists for the 2026 RVA Sports Awards - University of Richmond Athletics
RICHMOND, Va. – Maggie Doogan , Aidan O'Neil , Aaron Roussell and the Richmond men's lacrosse program have been named finalists for the 2026 RVA Sports Award...
The New WHO Pandemic Treaty and Global Health Governance: Incorporating Common but Differentiated Responsibilities into PABS - Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
On May 20, 2025, the World Health Assembly unanimously adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic Agreement, an international treaty designed to strengthen pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response. The product of three years of arduous negotiations, the treaty marks a new era of global cooperation in public health. However, core aspects of the agreement remain unresolved—notably the Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) System, which is intended to ensure equitable access to pandemic-related materials and benefits. To support the successful implementation of the WHO Pandemic Agreement, the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” should be formally incorporated into the negotiating agenda of the PABS annex. Introduction For the first time, an international treaty has enshrined the principle of “One Health,” the compelling idea that the health of animals, humans, and the environment all contribute to pandemic risks. SARS (2003), H1N1 (2009–10), Ebola (2014–16), and COVID-19 all emerged through zoonotic spillover from animal hosts—respectively, civets, hogs, and bats. Together, they underscore the need for a coordinated, cross-sectoral approach. The Pandemic Agreement responds to this call, requiring state parties to acknowledge the ecological interplay and commit to a comprehensive “One Health” strategy. Specifically, Article 5 charges governments to address “the drivers of pandemics and the emergence and re-emergence of infectious disease at the human-animal-environment interface,” including wild animal markets, deforestation, and antibiotic overuse. Yet the effectiveness of this “One Health” vision depends equally on the free flow of scientific information and data among countries and institutions. Just as environmental and animal health factors have been neglected in past global frameworks, so too has data sharing been marginalized, despite its centrality to timely detection and response. The Pandemic Agreement takes an important step by requiring governments to enhance data collection and cooperate with the World Health Organization (WHO). However, these provisions will remain aspirational without a robust Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) annex. The PABS system will determine whether countries and researchers can rapidly exchange pathogen samples and genetic data while ensuring equitable access to resulting research and development, including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Without such mechanisms, the treaty’s promise to operationalize “One Health” and strengthen global preparedness will risk becoming largely symbolic, echoing earlier failures to translate shared principles into coordinated action. Equity Concerns When the 2025 Health Assembly adopted the Pandemic Agreement, it left the difficult question of access to pathogens and the sharing of resulting benefits to be addressed in a separate agreement. Negotiations on this separate agreement, PABS, are now underway in Geneva. Yet governments remain divided over fundamental questions of equity between the countries that primarily contribute to the system and those that primarily draw from it—and consequently benefit. For example, wildlife in countries bordering the equator is likely to produce PABS materials, but companies in Europe are likely to use them to develop lucrative products. The most likely contributor countries are likely to be those biodiverse countries around the equator, such as Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Indonesia, where the number of human-mammalian viral host interactions is large. Conversely, countries most likely to benefit from this material are those with the technology, investors, and infrastructure to capitalize on genomic data, such as the United States, EU member states, and Japan. This imbalance reflects a broader pattern seen in prior international frameworks. Now, as in the past, the wealthiest countries in the world (a useful heuristic is membership of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)) disproportionately benefit from systems in which pathogens and genomic sequencing data are contributed to a common source. Under the International Agreement on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the “Plant Treaty” or “Seed Treaty”) and the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework, companies from Europe and North America disproportionately withdraw biological samples and data for development into lucrative medical products. Their governments and companies have both statutory and contractual claims to the products that those companies correspondingly produce. PABS appears poised to follow the same pattern. The text calls for strong language on access to pathogens and associated data, but the corresponding benefits that should flow to poorer countries are couched in equivocal or non-binding language. Common but Differentiated Responsibilities To address these inequities, the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” should be formally incorporated into the negotiating agenda of the PABS annex. Common but differentiated responsibilities are often a feature of climate change negotiations. The basic principle is that, even though all countries should reduce carbon emissions, governments that became rich and powerful through massive carbon emissions (e.g., France, the United Kingdom, the United States) should have a greater obligation to address the resulting crises. Applied to PABS, it would require that governments hosting and supporting companies developing lucrative products carry greater obligations toward the cost of running the PABS system; share benefits or final medical products; and transfer technology to help countries worldwide develop their own capacities to innovate and manufacture vaccines during an emergency. For example, an annex could mandate that any company based in an OECD country that withdraws PABS material would be obligated to donate the resulting diagnostics, therapeutics, or vaccines to the WHO during a public health emergency or pandemic. Questions remain about how robust those donations would be, but the principle is that they should deliver highly significant lifesaving benefits to be equitably shared. Theoretically, this approach mirrors the PIP Framework, in which companies withdrawing influenza samples are required to pay half of the operating costs. In practice, however, the framework has fallen short. The PIP Framework Secretariat has struggled to secure payments from companies, with companies often disagreeing over how much is owed. Additionally, without another pandemic influenza to test the strength of the agreement during a public health emergency, corporate compliance with sharing mechanisms remains unknown. Even if these limitations did not characterize the PIP Framework, partially paying for operating expenses does not address the inequity in access to genetic data and pathogen samples that left less developed countries last in line for COVID-19 vaccines (and, before them, H1N1). Common but differentiated responsibilities would go further, addressing governments’ legitimate grievances regarding information sharing. It would make withdrawals of PABS material and resulting products more transparent, building trust across the board. Enforcement and Enduring Success A key implication of this approach is that the governing mechanism of the PABS must have real enforcement authority. The WHO Pandemic Agreement delegates its core governance responsibilities to a Conference of the Parties (COP)—a governing body composed of one representative from each participating government, similar to those established under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The proposed WHO Pandemic Agreement COP is charged with oversight functions but ultimately possesses no real authority to compel a government to take any action it does not wish to take. The text does not give the COP the ability to, for example, sanction a party that does not comply with either textual obligations or PABS provisions. In other words, there are no effective mechanisms in place to ensure compliance. Perhaps just as significant, establishing a meaningful enforcement mechanism within the PABS system would strengthen the WHO’s credibility and its ability to ensure compliance across global health governance. By setting a precedent for accountability, such a mechanism could enhance the organization’s authority not only within the Pandemic Agreement but also in enforcing the revised International Health Regulations and other frameworks for public health emergencies. Conclusion The PABS annex can—and should—be different. It should establish clear responsibilities for funding as well as for sharing the diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines that result from contributions to the system. The system, in turn, must include a dedicated body empowered to hold governments and the corporations they sponsor accountable for their responsibilities before, during, and after pandemics. Doing so would restore trust in the broader agreement, which was eroded as commitments were repeatedly diluted while parties scrambled to meet their own self-imposed deadlines during the Pandemic Agreement negotiations. A robust PABS Annex would cement a grand social bargain. Wealthier countries and their corporations would gain unimpeded access to scientific information essential for developing and manufacturing lifesaving medical products. As such, they would stand to gain considerable economic benefit. Yet that privilege must be matched with responsibility. The grand bargain must include not only the right to innovate, but also the duty to ensure that innovation serves all. As medical products are developed and produced through collective contributions, every person must have equal access. All human beings deserve an equitable chance to survive—to save their own life, the lives of their families, and the well-being of their communities. … Sam Halabi, JD, MPhil, is the Bette Jacobs Endowed Professor at Georgetown University’s School of Health and the Director of the Center for Transformational Health Law at Georgetown Law. He serves as the co-lead for the WHO’s Working Group on Regulatory Consideration on AI and Health’s training workstream. He earned his JD from Harvard, his MPhil from Oxford, and undergraduate degrees from Kansas State University. Lawrence Gostin, LLD (Hon.), JD, BA, is University Distinguished Professor and Founding Director and Timothy and Linda O’Neill Professor of the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law. He is the author of Global Health Security: A Blueprint for the Future (Harvard University Press, 2021); Global Health Law (Harvard University Press, 2014); Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint (University of California Press, 3rd ed., 2016); Public Health Law and Ethics: A Reader (University of California Press, 3rd ed., 2018); Law and the Health System (Foundation Press, 2014); Principles of Mental Health Law & Practice (Oxford University Press, 2010). He also directs the WHO Collaborating Center at Georgetown University. Image Credit: United States Mission Geneva, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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