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Scientists find a way to slash computer memory energy use by orders of magnitude
Scientists have devised a new way to switch magnetic computer memory while using far less energy than today's leading technologies. By mathematically optimizing the pulses used to flip digital bits, the method could reduce energy consumption by several orders of magnitude. Simulations suggest it may bring future memory devices surprisingly close to the fundamental physical limit for processing information. The same idea could eventually work with electrical currents or ultrafast lasers.
In 1879, Edwin Hall discovered an electrical effect thought to need a perpendicular magnetic field; 147 years later, scientists have shown it can work with the field in-plane
For more than a century, the Hall effect has been taught with a simple picture that electricity flows through a material, a magnetic field pushes the moving charges sideways, and a voltage appears across the material. Now, scientists have found a way to make that familiar phenomenon work in a direction once thought impossible.
Sudan’s war-driven blackouts push residents toward solar power but high costs shut many out
In Sudan, many residents are turning to solar energy to cope with frequent blackouts caused by the ongoing conflict.
Firefighters respond to business fire in north Jefferson County
Louis Allis is a manufacturer of electric motors and related industrial equipment.
Firefighters respond to business fire in Blount County
Louis Allis is a manufacturer of electric motors and related industrial equipment.
What Kauaʻi and Niʻihau residents, visitors, businesses need to know about Hurricane Lowell
Now is the time to complete your emergency disaster and to-go kits, get your homes prepared for possible electric and water outages and know what resources are available.
US embassy issues health alert for Cuba amid oil blockade, sanctions
The U.S. embassy in Havana issued a health alert for Cuba on Friday, warning travelers and residents of a spike in intestinal illnesses and diarrhea caused by failing water and electricity supply, even as the Trump administration continued to hold back fuel shipments necessary for power generation on the island.
Electric fire truck purchases are driven by employee health and climate concerns
Employee health and climate concerns are the key drivers of municipal purchases of electric fire trucks.
Hideki Shirakawa, Who Helped Turn a Lab Error Into a Nobel, Dies at 90
The Japanese chemist played a key role in the discovery of electricity-conducting plastics, largely by accident.
GOP consensus elusive on timing, scope of data centers bill
WASHINGTON — As anger mounts over the impacts of data centers, Republicans are wrestling with legislation that would address concerns over increased electricity and water demand that many voters associate
Volkswagen Aims to Revive U.S. Business
Plus, Ford Motor sets ambitious sales target for its new electric truck.
We Drove the New LS6-Powered 2027 Chevy Corvette Lineup. Here's the One to Get
Whether you choose the 535-hp Stingray, track-ready Grand Sport, or 721-hp Grand Sport X with its electric all-wheel-drive, you'll get the brand-new 6.7-liter LS6 V8 that roars loud and proud.
Scientists Just Made a Game-Changing Discovery: Diamonds Can Produce Electricity
Scientists long thought this pricey piece of carbon held no piezoelectric properties, but a new study says that isn’t the case.
Scientists just overturned a century-old physics assumption
Scientists at Carnegie Mellon University have discovered an unexpected form of the Hall effect, overturning the long-held assumption that this electrical response only appears when a magnetic field points perpendicular to a material. Beyond expanding a century-old principle of physics, the finding could eventually lead to simpler magnetic sensors for electronics, transportation, and medical technologies.
Colorado’s education paradigm déja-vu
Déja-vu for 10 years. In 2015-2016, state standardized testing was fully integrated into teacher performance evaluation. The tests comprised 50% of teacher “performance.” The idea was to follow the General Electric “rank-and-yank” human resources model. At GE, the model went like this: top 20% of employees got raises and bonuses; the middle 70% got to […]
Energy technology company to close Tualatin facility, eliminate 87 jobs
The closure of the Schneider Electric facility is the second plant closure announced this week in the Portland area.
Realta, MGE explore building a nuclear fusion power plant in Wisconsin
Madison Gas and Electric is investing in Madison-based Realta Fusion to explore a 200-megawatt power plant. No timeline or location have been announced.
Dyson made a camera-equipped toothbrush that flosses for you
Dyson’s first electric toothbrush has a camera, Wi-Fi, and a mouthwash sprayer.
Only Daryus Dixson Until Penn State Football
Do you feel that extra bit of electricity in the air? That’s the feeling of a game week for Penn State Football – and the very first one of the Matt Campbell era. Daryus Dixson is set to play a major role for the defense in 2026. He played in every game as a highly-coveted […]
AI turns to health care for an image fix
Saving the world with new medical cures is better than being blamed for big electric bills.
AI streamlines search for new ceramics that generate electricity
To streamline the search for new piezoelectric materials, or those that emit an electric charge when manipulated, a team led by materials science researchers at Penn State introduced a new framework that combines an existing artificial intelligence model with human expertise and experimentation.
Is electricity dimming oil’s political power?
Surging power demand is turning electricity prices into a political flashpoint across the U.S. and Europe.
Scientists discover diamonds can generate electricity
Diamond was thought to be incapable of producing electricity through mechanical deformation, but ultrathin flexible diamond membranes have now shown a strong and repeatable piezoelectric effect. The unexpected discovery could open the door to diamond-powered sensors, tiny energy systems, and self-powered medical implants.
Data center backlash scrambles US midterm politics
The data centers powering America's artificial intelligence boom have become an unlikely target in November's midterm elections, as anger over rising electricity bills and noise turns Democrats -- and…
Rising energy, fuel costs cut into bottom line for Pa. businesses
At Shirley’s Cookie Company, Facilities Maintenance Manager Richard Weyant detailed the efforts he’d overseen to keep utility costs down at their Blair County facility. They included thousands of dollars invested to upgrade to LED lighting alongside new and more efficient HVAC systems. While electricity use went down by 5.7% over four years, he told Republican […]
Rivian shares slide after CFO announces surprise departure
Claire McDonough will step down from the electric vehicle manufacturer to take the same role at turbine maker GE Vernova Inc.
Senators call on ICE to cancel plan to buy electric shock gloves
The devices are normal patrol gloves until an officer presses a button to activate the electrical mode
Ozarks Electric to leave Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation
The Ozarks Electric Cooperative and Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation (AECC) announced Wednesday (Aug. 26) a phased plan in which Ozarks Electric would step away as a cooperative member and develop...
Ozarks Electric to leave Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation
The Ozarks Electric Cooperative and Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation (AECC) announced Wednesday (Aug. 26) a phased plan in which Ozarks Electric would step away as a cooperative member and develop...
Electrically activated quasi-BICs in metasurfaces through atomically thin semiconductors
Light: Science & Applications - Electrically tunable nanophotonic device based on the integration of resonant dielectric metasurfaces supporting quasi bound states in the continuum with...
EV registrations up 42% through first half of 2026
The number of electric vehicles (EVs) registered in Arkansas spiked 42% in the first half of this year compared with the same period in 2025 amid rising gas prices. By...
Canada should be ready to cut electricity, critical minerals, Ontario's premier says
Ford said "everything is on the table" if the dispute worsens, including cutting off electricity and critical minerals from Ontario.
Scientists identify design rules for the best thermoelectric materials
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have used a theoretical framework to derive design rules for creating new thermoelectric materials. The efficiency of converting thermal energy to electricity ...
Housing, CSCU auditing, school technology: CT politics news
Plus: PURA holds electric rates steady and Gov. Ned Lamont gets an endorsement from the Connecticut Association of Realtors.
Montrose business targeted twice in less than a week in copper wire theft attempts
A Houston dessert shop owner says her business was targeted twice in less than a week by people trying to steal copper wiring. Doorbell camera video shows both of the incidents — leaving her with electrical damage, a power outage and thousands of dollars in lost inventory.
Opinion: Lowering CTs electric bills takes more than political promises
CT should increase the percentage of renewables in our energy mix by switching to more stable, alternative power sources.
The Scariest Thing In The Silent Hill: Townfall Gameplay Trailer Is How Scots Pay For Electricity
The 19-minute-long gameplay demo left me with more questions than answers, one of them being 'Damn, y'all live like that?'
Static electricity is a mystery, and scientists are all charged up
Scientists are largely clueless about the origins of static electricity. A quirky group of researchers aims to change that.
World Humanitarian Day 2026: Protect those who protect humanity
19 August 2026, Cairo, Egypt – They treat the wounded. They deliver medicines across conflict lines. They keep hospitals running when electricity and water run low and essential supplies are disappearing. They respond...
'GTA 6' Leak Shows New Unofficial Gameplay Ahead of Netflix Reveal
New GTA 6 footage shows some optional leisure activities for Jason and Lucia while also showing off some impressive water graphics
‘Buy Now, Pay Later’ Lenders Pitch Loans for Needs Like Electricity and Rent
The rapid growth of pay-later loans raises questions about whether their popularity is driven by consumer preference or desperation.
'Electric up top and suspect at the back'
Hearts fans, we asked for your views after Sunday's 6-2 win over Inverness CT in the Premier Sports Cup. The entertainment value is 10 out of 10 but our defensive errors will cost us against good teams. Can't quite believe that we have such good wingers in Josh McPake, Calvin Miller (both of whom really should be getting Scotland call-ups from Pocognoli) and Sabah Kerjota.
Farmers and ranchers win on NIETC cancellation
The Department of Energy rolled into Lamar last week and Office of Electricity Assistant Secretary Katie Jereza stood in her neat, green suit in front of a room filled with farmers, ranchers and landowners. The crowd was filled with straw cowboy hats, sweat-stained ball caps, tee shirts and button-down chambray shirts that had seen more […]
The world's largest electric plane takes flight
The 25,000-pound aircraft flew for 27 minutes.
Gov. Newsom reignites debate over how much electric companies should pay for causing a wildfire
Governor Gavin Newsom is pushing California lawmakers to limit how much private utility companies pay when their equipment causes catastrophic wildfires, as the state's wildfire liability fund nears depletion.
Tiny graphene wrinkles create surprisingly powerful electrical effects
Scientists have discovered that tiny, sharply curved wrinkles in graphene can dramatically alter its electrical behavior, creating surprisingly strong charge separation. The finding suggests future electronics could be tuned by reshaping materials at the atomic scale instead of changing what they’re made of.
Beshear criticizes plan giving ICE officers Kentucky-made electric shock gloves
Gov. Andy Beshear, D-Ky., says the gloves, which are made in Kentucky, would be going onto the wrong hands if they are used by federal immigration officers
I Wore an Electrical Muscle Stimulation Body Suit to Zap Myself Into Fitness
Can electrifying your workout offer a shortcut to a stronger, fitter you? I sweated in a skintight EMS suit for two months to find out.
New Business Licenses: 8.14.26
Chesterfield reports licenses for electrical services, a convenience store, a clothing retailer and more. (BizSense Pro required)
FDA approves pivotal trial for FastWave Medical's peripheral IVL system
The SPARC trial will enroll up to 125 patients with peripheral artery disease.
ICE agents could soon use electric shock gloves
State Attorney General Letitia James says New York is currently “reviewing” DHS’s proposal.
Local Business Spotlight: Schroeder Short Stop
A year after opening its bar on the West End of Cook County, the Schroeder Short Stop continues to grow, adding new food and drink options and expanding its staff. Owners Tim Saetre and Emma Sievers opened the Schroeder Short Stop bar just over a year ago, adding to their existing Electric Trails e-bike rental...
Kamin Science Center puts Pittsburgh’s newest indoor racetrack in gear
Kamin Science Center’s Science of Speed adds an 800-foot electric kart track, F1 simulator and real race vehicles to its new motorsports exhibit.
Candidates for Ohio governor outline data center plans
Amy Acton called for a conditional moratorium while Vivek Ramaswamy said he wants free electricity for those near data centers.
Scientists discover a hidden brain rhythm that could improve Parkinson’s treatment
Scientists have pinpointed a brain network—and its distinctive electrical rhythm—that appears to drive the benefits of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease. The discovery could lead to more precise, personalized stimulation settings and better results for patients.
New 'magnetoelastic' tent generates electricity from wind, body movement and sound to power small devices
A magnetoelastic tent concept could one day turn wind, movement and fabric flexing into usable electricity.
ResQ Says Missed Calls Are Killing Trade Businesses. Its Fix Starts With a $50-a-Month Toolkit
ResQ is moving beyond its restaurant marketplace with tools that help plumbers, HVAC contractors, and electricians capture missed demand and repeat business.
Scooters are canceled, plus a sports agent and an unsolved murder
The Pulse Newsletter 📣 | This is The Athletic’s daily sports newsletter. Sign up here to receive The Pulse directly in your inbox. Good morning! Hide your best player today. Coming up: 🛴 In MLB, scooter angst 🔍 An unsolved murder 🏈 Minny’s new QB I need to express an old-man sentiment, one that’s festered within me for years: I loathe electric scooters. I recoil every time I travel to a city where they are popular, with sidewalks and plant beds awash in discarded lanky little vehicles. Also, as a new-ish dad, I always think about how dangerous they can be. Anyone,...
Joby Aviation to Scale Defense Business Through Acquisition of Resonant Sciences
Acquisition will significantly expand Joby’s defense business by adding a fast-growing company with established programs, classified capabilities and scaled manufacturing operations` Upon closing, Resonant will become Joby’s dedicated defense business, continuing its existing programs while expanding its portfolio to include Joby’s hybrid aircraft and autonomy technologies. Joby’s commercial aircraft business will remain focused on its electric air taxi initiatives Combination will create immediate opportunities to unite Joby’s dual-use aircraft, propulsion and autonomy technologies with Resonant’s radio frequency (RF), sensing and mission systems capabilities as well as its world-leading expertise in low-observability aircraft design Resonant delivered more than $100 million in trailing-twelve-month revenue, representing approximately 40% year-over-year growth, alongside strong adjusted EBITDA generation, driven primarily by long-cycle programs with the U.S. government, prime contractors and next generation defense technology programs
Archer Aviation Exec Says Boeing Deal Will ‘Significantly Change the Profile’ as $200 Million Insitu Business Joins Portfolio
Archer Aviation Inc.‘s (NYSE:ACHR) deal with Boeing Co. (NYSE:BA) could significantly reshape the electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) company. Insitu’s $200 Million Revenue Business During the company’s second-quarter earnings call on Monday, Archer’s Chief Financial Officer Priya Gupta hailed the company’s acquisition of unmanned aircraft systems manufacturer Insitu, as well as autonomous eVTOL maker Wisk Aero and SkyGrid in an all-stock deal. Read Also: Rocket Lab USA, Hims & Hers,
Scientists Think One of Earth’s Simplest Organisms May Work like a Giant Brain
One of Earth’s oldest plants appears to pass electrical messages through its dense green mats.
Boeing to Sell 3 Autonomous Flight Subsidiaries
In exchange for the sale to Archer Aviation, which is developing a piloted electric aircraft, Boeing will receive a 16.5 percent stake in Archer.
Scientists discover a hidden switch inside silver nanocatalysts
Silver nanocatalysts have been found to switch where they perform their most important reactions depending on whether a solid oxide cell is making electricity or hydrogen. The discovery could enable smarter catalyst designs that boost clean power generation while making green hydrogen more energy-efficient.
Mercedes-AMG’s Secret Electric SUV Is Taking Shape
The new Mercedes-AMG electric SUV teaser shows GT-inspired styling and confirms a flagship EV positioned alongside AMG’s dedicated performance models.
Talk Business & Politics: Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp. CEO Buddy Hastings, Arkansas Rep. French Hill
Power moves are going on across Arkansas, and across the country.
St. George free entertainment on tap with Dick Earl’s Electric Witness in concert, movie in the park
Students may be heading back to the classroom this month, but the city of St. George still has plenty of summer fun lined up.
Meet the MV250, Beta Technologies' autonomous military aircraft
Beta Technologies unveiled the MV250, an autonomous, hybrid-electric aircraft that can carry cargo for militaries, at the Farnborough Airshow.
A 0.42-nanometer breakthrough could push transistors beyond silicon
Atomically thin semiconductors could enable dramatically smaller and more efficient chips, but a stubborn problem at the boundary between materials has limited their performance. Researchers have now engineered that atomic interface to protect electron flow while still allowing extremely thin insulating layers. The resulting transistors delivered an unusually strong combination of electrical control and performance.
As regulations fade, electric truck adoption will hinge on business cases
Rather than plan around a national transition to zero-emission trucks, fleets are weighing total cost of ownership, operational feasibility and customer expectations.
Silver nanocatalysts switch reaction sites between power generation and hydrogen production
For the first time, researchers have discovered that the same silver (Ag) nanocatalyst operates at different reaction sites depending on whether a solid oxide cell is generating electricity or producing ...
Michael Dell’s son built a $13 billion home battery business—and he’s going on 30 years old
Zach Dell is banking on a home electricity and battery rental business that offers backup power without buying an exorbitantly expensive system.
Michael Dell’s son built a $13 billion home battery business—and he’s going on 30 years old
Zach Dell is banking on a home electricity and battery rental business that offers backup power without buying an exorbitantly expensive system.
‘Science of Speed’ roars into the Kamin Science Center
Want to zip around a track on a high-end electric kart or hop on an immersive racing simulator? Then you will definitely want to make your way to the Kamin Science Center on Pittsburgh’s North Shore and check out its new Science of Speed permanent exhibit. Taking up what had been the Science Center’s SportsWorks […]
Chartbook 464 The"China squeeze" - the politics of development counterfactuals.
There are three types of China shock discourse. Each has a distinct temporal register. China shock 1.0 was a phrase coined by US academics in the 2010s to retrospectively summarize the impact on particular US labour markets, which they identified through painstaking empirical investigation. China shock 2.0 on everyone’s lips in Europe in the mid 2020s is an alarm raised by trans-Atlantic policy thinkers warning of a coming disaster which they project onto Europe’s ailing car industry. The third type of China shock discourse - commonly known as the “China squeeze” launched most recently by Indian economists Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian in the pages of Foreign Affairs - mobilizes a different, more speculative temporal register: the counterfactual realm of alternate history. The China squeeze argument asks not what has happened, or what is going to happen, but what might have been. Specifically, what options for economic development might have been open to Global South economies like India or the economies of sub-Saharan Africa, had it not been for China’s spectacular industrialization since the late 1990s and the persistent competitiveness of China’s manufacture in low-skilled segments. Chatterjee and Subramanian’s argument is that whilst China has built a powerful position in electrical machinery and other high-skill manufacturing, which is now delivering China Shock 2.0, it also continues to run a trade surplus in low-skill, labour-intensive manufacturing. This surplus is large and has remained largely unchanged in fifteen years. Indeed, in the 2010s, in trade with low-income countries, China’s surplus rapidly increased. On their reading, this squeezes low-income producers in low-skill sectors in which they “should” be able to compete. Source: “China’s Mercantilist Squeeze on Developing Countries” Shoumitro Chatterjee and Arvind Subramanian. Peterson Institute for International Economics 26-7 May 2026 Chatterjee and Subramanian’s wording is telling: (emphasis mine) The canonical trajectory of economic development in the post-World War II period is for countries to transition from agriculture to manufacturing, first in low-skilled manufacturing and then later on to high-skill manufacturing (Herrendorf, Rogerson, and Valentinyi 2013). At the global level, this implies that high-income countries (HICs) that once specialized in low-skilled activities cede manufacturing export space to poorer countries that come along to occupy that space. In 1965, advanced economies accounted for about 60 percent of global value-added exports in four key low-skilled manufacturing sectors, i.e., apparel, leather, textiles, and footwear. Over time this share declined and began to be occupied first by the East Asian tigers and, beginning in the late 1990s, by China. Today China accounts for about 50 percent of the global market. The question is whether China, with its rising prosperity, is continuing to behave like its richer counterparts and ceding export space to poorer followers or to behave unlike them and continuing to occupy space. In terms of the conceptual maneuvers it performs, of the three China shock discourses, the “China squeeze” argument is by far the most ambitious. After all, it bases its critique of China on a counterfactual imagining of the world. Like any counterfactual argument, to construct this alternative reality it must rely on a heuristic model. To make their argument Chatterjee and Subramanian mobilize two key claims. The first reference point is the actual history of rich-country industrialization, what they refer to as the “canonical path”. The idea is that countries transition from agriculture to light industry and low-skilled manufacturing and from there up the value chain. To make this useful as a standard of comparison and a means to construct a normative standard, they adjust sectoral export shares for two factors: 1. the underlying level of economic development of the exporting country, as measured by national income and 2. the degree to which the sector in question is internationalized. The idea being that for a high income country to have a high export share in low-skill sectors is anomalous and even more so if that particular product is highly internationalized and thus suitable for being “conceded” to lower-income competitors. Where should this process end? Here Chatterjee and Subramanian introduce their second benchmark. Their normative idea of a global development path is one in which, in due course, low-skill manufacturing exports are distributed in proportion to a country’s share in the global labour force. They imagine, in other words, a world of proportional, polycentric global development without much national specialization in low-skill manufacturing. A useful benchmark is that, in labor-intensive manufacturing sectors, a country’s share of world exports should be broadly commensurate with its share of the world’s low-skilled labor endowment. … In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, this would be true if value added per worker and export propensities, i.e., fraction of output that is exported, are the same across countries. It is this pleasant liberal vista of orderly global development, progressing towards a general distribution of low-skilled manufacturing against which they judge reality and conclude that the low-income countries are suffering a “China squeeze”. China is not exiting low-skill sectors fast enough Allowing for its gdp level and the degree of globalization, China’s share of low-skill manufacturing exports is far higher than it “should” be. Relative to population, its low-skill share of exports is far too high. That in turn yields the conclusion that huge numbers of jobs - the authors suggest tens of millions - are being hoarded by China. For the four sectors captured in figure 4, this excess in value-added exports is $110 billion in 2022. For all low-skilled sectors overall captured in appendix figure D.1, excess value-added exports amount to $365 billion. The crowding out of LMIC exports by China is therefore substantial. Both these claims have in common that they are strong structuralisms. The first is that development paths ought to resemble each other. The second is that broadly speaking as far as low-skilled manufacturing is concerned, all countries are alike. If the world currently diverges from the distribution of trade implied by these assumptions, if China is not following the advanced economy path and has huge exports, this must be the result of “policy”, which the authors then put in question as illegitimate or unfair. Thus the naturalistic construction of a canonical path leading to a “level” distribution of low-skilled manufacturing reveals itself to be a polemical tool. From the point of view of China shock polemics, this discourse is no doubt welcome. But as an account of economic history, it must surely be regarded as nothing short of bamboozling. Development paths do not follow a regular, natural sequence. As David Fishman put it aptly, “development is not a queue”. They are always and everywhere, through and through political. Development is not so much a process, as a project. Each such project is more or less well adjusted to its context. As Gerschenkron taught uneven and combined development implies differentiation rather than simple imitation on a single parth. It may be true that Europe and the US exited relatively early from low-skill work. But clearly technology has changed. As C&S themselves point out, China no longer enjoys a low wage environment. Do they really believe that such huge differences can be accounted for either by industrial policy, which as they admit does not operate powerfully in low-skill sectors, or by exchange rate manipulation? What is overwhelmingly dominant in explaining the persistence of “low-skill” manufacturing in China are surely the network effects of complex supply chains. Indeed the label of “low-skill” may miss the point. The degree of globalization which Chatterjee and Subramanian decide to conjure away in their model of the development path - to allow for the fact that Europe and American textiles exporters did not enjoy just-in-time logistics in the 1950s - obscures the point that the networks through which Chinese factories supply the world are themselves key parts of the low-skill industrialization project. China isn’t knocking out 1970s style “cheap”. It has redefined the entire product cycle. C&S’s casual reference to “T-shirts” is telling. In today’s “fast fashion”, there is weight on both terms. Fashion and fast. China’s success in delivering on both at unprecedentedly high speed and at unprecedentedly low cost, isn’t a low-skill operation at all. If we see development trajectories not as the serial repetition of the same, but as distinctive, crafted projects that cumulate in complex agglomerations of skill, technology and labor, then this explains why the assumption that low-skilled manufacturing should follow the distribution of population flies in the face of all experience. As countless cases attest, low-wage, low-income developed economies are not by themselves the makings of a competitive production base. As Leon Liao puts it quite fairly: “International trade has never been allocated according to population. A country’s population gives it no natural claim to an equivalent share of global exports." And the remarkable fact is that Subramanian alone and with co-authors has long been making this point, not to pillory China, as is the case of the tendentious _Foreign Affair_s and Peterson pieces, but to highlight the great counterpart to China’s industrial success, namely India’s relative failure. The much-quoted Foreign Affairs piece showed low-skill export shares only for China, not for India. If you put both countries in the picture as Chaterjee and Subramanian have done on other occasions, the picture looks like this. China is far above the line, but India, almost as large in terms of population, is no less anomalous, just in the opposite direction. As far as global populations are concerned, and the imagining of tens of millions of “squeezed” jobs, it is this Sino-Indian pair that account for a huge share of the action. What this graph reveals is not China’s cheating, but India’s “greatest development failure”, at least this is the argument made Arvind Subramanian, this time in co-authorship with Devesh Kapur, in their major book, A Sixth of Humanity. Independent India’s Development Odyssey which appeared with Oxford University Press earlier this year. In this highly critical work on India’s development, China is repeatedly evoked, not to criticize but as a benchmark against which to illuminate what India’s political economy has not delivered i.e. large-scale formal employment for hundreds of millions of citizens. Kapur and Subramanian leave no doubt, if you want to understand why China, not India was the main driver of manufacturing globalization from the 1980s, don’t look to slots opening up in the division of labour thanks to the liberal mindedness of advanced economies, look to the contrasting political economy of the Maoist PRC and India’s post-independence political economy. As Kapur and Subramian note: The great divergence between China and India did not begin in 1978 with the Deng reforms—it was well underway by then. In one of the great ironies of modern history, the conditions created by Maoism turned out to be a great launching pad for industrial globalization. As the comparison of India and China in 1980 makes clear, to imagine manufacturing would be equally distributed when populations are so differently endowed in terms of educational and nutritional is fanciful. Here is the data from Kapur and Subramanian, data which I explored back at the very beginning of Chartbook. As Kapur and Subramanian insist, the striking fact is that even as India’s growth accelerated from the 1980s, structural change has not. Formal employment in India lags woefully behind. Why? As Kapur and Subramanian note, the path-dependent impact of India’s poor early start was devastating. The list of factors they mention is long and weighty: We argue for a new five-fold explanation applicable at different stages of Indian history: in the initial stages, the legacy of two key pre-1980s policies, the neglect of agriculture and the strangling of the domestic private sector, were critical. The failure of broad-based agricultural growth militated against rural industrialization, which would have been devoted to satisfying local needs that would have necessarily been labour intensive. Then, when the boom came after 1980, the thicket of regulation and broader labour protections that were legislated prematurely in a nascent democracy, underpinned by a deep ideological aversion to private capital in general and big capital specifically, became a barrier to attaining the size that would be necessary to compete globally. Similarly, the reforms after 1991, while wide-ranging, did not quite encompass non-tradeable inputs critical to manufacturing, namely, land, logistics infrastructure and power. A combination of low investment (logistics infrastructure), regulation (land) and the continued monopoly supply by state governments (power), combined with residual socialism, kept costs at 75–100 per cent above efficient supply. These factors were compounded on the supply side by the government, which dominated the formal labour market and established exorbitantly high wages at the lower end of the skill spectrum. This made their employment in the labour-intensive sector by the private sector less attractive. Finally, when the services sector and its exports boomed, wages soared even further via a Dutch Disease effect: one successful tradeable sector killed and cannibalized another less-skilled tradable sector, namely, manufacturing. Thus, scarcity-inducing policies of the planning era, precocious democracy and a Gandhian aversion to size; inefficient, monopolistic supply of critical non-tradable inputs; the behemoth of government; and super-successful skill-intensive services successively undermined India’s unskilled labour employment opportunities. The employment failure seems to have been over-determined. … Less quantifiable but no less important are some of the sociological factors that have undermined manufacturing and factory jobs. Take the impact of the success of the IT sector—located in urban areas with better working conditions, such as air-conditioned offices, good schools for children and attractive entertainment options. It became a more attractive place for engineering and management graduates to flock to. … Consider manufacturing and female employment. Indian society makes it difficult for women to work, reflected in India’s unusually low female labour force participation (elaborated in Chapter XIII). Indian society, in particular the routine harassment of women in public spaces, makes it even more difficult for them to travel long distances to take up work.37 Combined with onerous regulations on creating hostels and dormitories for women—which, in turn, prevents multiple shifts of operation—factories need to be located in areas with a large female labour pool. While firms can take apparel plants to female labour or bring them to the plants by building large-scale dormitories, this raises costs. If there was a case for subsidies to encourage labour-intensive manufacturing, housing subsidies to build dormitories for women workers would be a good place to start. All of this meant, that when opportunities did open up, in part thanks to adjustments in China, India was in no position to take advantage. Here is the account of the 2020s from Kapur and Subramanian. It stands in dizzying contrast to the one-sided, “China squeeze” argument delivered in the Peterson and Foreign Affairs pieces: In 2022, for example, India’s share of global exports in clothing (the canonical labour-intensive sector) was 3.1 per cent compared to 32 per cent for China. This is extremely disappointing because China started vacating export space in this sector after the Global Financial Crisis as its wages started rising; it then vacated further space in the aftermath of geopolitical developments that led investors to seek alternative investment locations. Between its peak and today, China lost about 7.5 percentage points of global export share (worth about $43 billion in 2022); over this period, India’s export share remained stagnant at 3 per cent, while that of Vietnam and Bangladesh rose by 3.5 to 4 percentage points. China’s loss did not translate into any gain for India in terms of low-skill exports and employment. Put differently, when the conditions for dynamism and prosperity were established after 1991, and even more tantalizingly when the global export opportunities opened up, it was as if India was a high-wage economy and only skilled labour could benefit from the dynamism. It had converted its physically abundant unskilled workforce into an economically expensive resource, penalizing its use. It is not my mission here to argue for or against Kapur and Subramanian’s interpretation of India’s development trajectory. The point in this context is simply that the “China squeeze” such as it is can only be understood, in relation to the heavy burden of domestic constraints that Kapur and Subramanian so unsparingly enumerate. I am concentrating here on India because it is the great counterpart to China and the unspoken reference point of the “China squeeze” discourse. But the point is more general. Can anyone with a straight face suggest that the main problems afflicting the development of South Africa or Nigeria, the great centers of mass underemployment in sub-saharan Africa, are cheap competition from China driven by Beijing’s industrial policy and an undervalued RMB? Likewise, is the main problem of the American working-class the threat of Chinese competition or the manifest crisis of social reproduction in the United States itself? The point here, as in the discourse around China shock 2.0 in Europe, is to insist that we should not normalize the world and pathologize China, without actually investigating what is going on in America’s industrial wastelands, the German car industry, or India’s lopsided labour market. One-sided pathologization should be understood for what it is, a polemical gesture. Concepts like China shock and China squeeze are, what Reinhart Koselleck, following Carl Schmitt, would have described as “asymmetrische Kampfbegriffe”, or “asymmetrical counter-concepts” or “asymmetrical combat concepts”. If the function of arguments like the “China squeeze” is to alert elites in the rest of the world of the need to rejuvenate and energize their development projects, so be it. But let us see the resulting discourses as the mobilizing interventions that they are. Interestingly, a significant slice of China’s public sphere - the so-called industrial party - have been obsessed for the last twenty years with precisely these questions of counterfactual economic history. Since the mid 2000s, a massive online discourse developed around an alternative history in which Chinese techno-patriots were asked to imagine how they would proceed if they had the possibility of traveling back in time to transport modern technology into the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) thus averting the “great divergence” of the 18th and 19th centuries. It is a fantasy of course, but also a goad. The point was not directed at Westerners. The alternate history is dramatically nationalist, but few n the West had even heard of it until recently. The adherents of the industrial party are not liberal moralists. They don’t project natural ladders of international development and ask why others don’t cede space. They take the Realpolitik of global economic development for granted. Their pointe was directed against fellow Chinese. The rallying cry of the alternative narrative was this: Now that we are beginning to gain steam and push forward on our national development path, now that we are breaking out of the inferior position assigned to us even in the early years following WTO accession, do not lose yourself in humanistic imaginings about better futures. In the spirit of Deng, they called on China to embrace the hard truth of development. Perhaps one might of the Industrial Party as a cultural trend born out of desire for symbolic revenge against those who had inflicted the century of humiliation. In terms of the various temporalities of the “China shock” - retrospective, prospective and counterfactual - one might think of the Industrial Policy discourse as truly speculative, conjuring up the China shock that never was. Or perhaps one might better think of it as imagining a world in which a powerful China was no shock at all, but simply a defining fact of modern history. I love putting out Chartbook. I am particularly pleased that it goes out for free to thousands of subscribers around the world. But, writing this newsletter takes a lot of work. If you are enjoying it and would like to support the project, sign up for one of the subscription options here. It is the equivalent of a fancy cup of coffee per month! Subscribe
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As part of the Long Island Music and Entertainment Hall of Fame Soundtrack to Summer Series, the band Acoustirats will perform LIVE music and Comedian Jordan Lauterbach will open with comedy set at the Long Island Music and Entertainment Hall of Fame in Stony Brook Village (97 Main Street, Stony Brook, NY) on Aug. 23th from 3-4pm. The event is free for members or with general admission ticket purchase or $10 at the door concert ticket purchase. For details on this and upcoming events please visit https://www.limusichalloffame.... About AcoustiRats AcoustiRats is an acoustic duo dedicated to stripping Good Rats classics down to their raw, essential form. Fronted by Stefan Marchello, lead singer and 36-year veteran of the Good Rats, alongside guitarist Matt McCarthy, who also did a run on guitar with the band. Between them, they've got decades of Good Rats DNA in their blood. After years of playing these songs loud and electric, Stefan and Matt are thrilled to break them down to the bare bones. No frills, no amps cranked to 11 — just voice, acoustic guitar, and the songwriting that made the Good Rats legendary. It's the same attitude and stories fans know, delivered in a raw, intimate format. For diehard Good Rats fans, it's a new way to hear the classics. For first-timers, it's proof that great songwriting doesn't need to be loud to hit hard. About Jordan Lauterbach Jordan Lauterbach is a fast-rising comedian who features prominently in clubs around the country. His autobiographical style and supreme wit keep audiences laughing for hours after they leave the club. Lauterbach is likable, relatable, and tremendously funny. He has opened for some of comedy's best and is quickly carving out an audience of his own.
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Blumenthal's bill, mental health grants, Electric Boat: CT politics news
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