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FPL Gameweek 5 Top Transfers: The Best Players to Buy

As we head into Gameweek 5 of the 2026/27 Fantasy Premier League season, manager strategy shifts from early-season observation to targeted squad optimization. Favorable fixture swings and rising form assets present the perfect opportunity to use your free transfers to surge up your mini-league standings. Whether you are restructuring your defense or looking for explosive […]

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Sep 17 • 6:23 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
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Lena Dunham welcomes her first baby via surrogacy

(CNN) — Actress and writer Lena Dunham and her husband Luis Felber have welcomed a baby daughter via surrogate.Writing in an op-ed published by Vogue on Wednesday, Dunham, 40, who is best known as the creator of hit TV series “Girls,” revealed that the couple’s first child had arrived 13 days late, before describing the moment of her birth.“I was so focused on our surrogate — in awe at her concentration, her period of quiet followed by what sounded like a roar — I forgot to look down until I heard our baby’s cry,” she wrote.“I saw her face, gasping just as she did. Her eyes, wide and unfocused, taking in the light and shadow, blinking rapidly.”Dunham said she was “bashful and dizzy with joy.”In 2018, Dunham revealed that she’d had a hysterectomy in an attempt to end the pain caused by endometriosis.Endometriosis is a common and often painful condition that happens when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus itself. It’s estimated to affect more than 11% of women between the ages of 15 and 44 across the United States.The surgery removed her cervix and uterus, meaning that she was unable to conceive naturally.On meeting her surrogate, Dunham wrote in the Vogue piece: “While I’ve been known to make friends quickly —​ airport terminals, veterinary offices — ​this was the quickest leap from first coffee to gynecological procedure I’d ever done.”Dunham said in the months before the embryo transfer date, as she “got to know our surrogate and to trust her,” she thought she would feel “jealousy” towards her, but she did not.“Instead, I felt a different kind of jealousy — toward said baby, for the chance to be tucked into someone who radiated such safety. I could just tell she knew how to steer an SUV in the snow,” Dunham added.The pregnancy came after “12 years circling the fertility drain,” Dunham wrote, and revealed how she dealt with the nerves of the intervening months.“Powerless and unable to feel the physical changes that signal a growing fetus, I horrified friends and family who adhere to the Jewish superstition prohibiting anticipatory purchases, and I started shopping,” said Dunham, before recounting her journey into the world of baby fashion.“I was looking for garments that allowed her personality to develop and express itself rather than announcing an identity she didn’t yet have,” she said.“She would be a person that we helped to dress, who made an impression on the world based on our choices, until she was old enough to do it herself.”The-CNN-Wire™ & © 2026 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.​THE-CNN-WIRE (TM) & © 2026 CABLE NEWS NETWORK, INC., A TIME WARNER COMPANY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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Sep 17 • 6:09 AM EDT • Entertainment • applevalleynewsnow.com
West Virginia lawmaker raises concerns over Rural Health grant recipient

A state lawmaker raised concerns about one organization set to receive a grant of more than $1 million in Rural Health Transformation funds.

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Sep 17 • 6:00 AM EDT • Health • westvirginiawatch.com
Virtual launch: New report on ethics oversight of AI-related health research

WHO will host a virtual launch of its new report, Artificial Intelligence-related Health Research: Ethics Review and Oversight, which provides practical recommendations for researchers, ethics committees, regulators, funders and policy-makers on the responsible conduct of AI-enabled health research.

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Sep 17 • 5:26 AM EDT • Health • who.int
Virtual launch: New report on ethics oversight of AI-related health research

WHO will host a virtual launch of its new report, Artificial Intelligence-related Health Research: Ethics Review and Oversight, which provides practical recommendations for researchers, ethics committees, regulators, funders and policy-makers on the responsible conduct of AI-enabled health research.

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Sep 17 • 5:21 AM EDT • Health • who.int
Probiotics are wildly popular. But there’s a better way to help your gut.

Fiber-rich plants — not supplements — are the best fuel for your gut microbiome.

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Sep 17 • 5:00 AM EDT • Health • washingtonpost.com
‘The secret is finally out’: Upstate teams weigh in on national sports recognition

The Upstate is getting national recognition for its minor league sports scene, with Greenville-Spartanburg named the No. 1 minor league market in the country by Sports Business Journal.

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Sep 17 • 4:54 AM EDT • Sports • foxcarolina.com
Monaco CEO confirms plan to sell Folarin Balogun in January

AS Monaco’s CEO Thiago Scuro has confirmed that the club’s plan is to sell Folarin Balogun (25) during the January transfer window, which would allow Lamine Camara and Aleksandr Golovin, both heav...

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Sep 17 • 4:40 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
The science behind Florida football’s physical transformation starts with Jake Sankal

Nutritionist Jake Sankal is the science behind some of Florida football's body transformations. Here's how it works.

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Sep 17 • 4:00 AM EDT • Science • gainesville.com
The science behind Florida football’s physical transformation starts with Jake Sankal

Nutritionist Jake Sankal is the science behind some of Florida football's body transformations. Here's how it works.

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Sep 17 • 4:00 AM EDT • Science • sports.yahoo.com
Today’s Papers – Poor Milan, Juventus chance for Woltemade

La Gazzetta dello SportRoma beat Inter, a richer transfer windowIn the last two years, since Gasperini and Chivu’s arrivals, the Giallorossi have invested €211m against €186m.There’s no MilanE...

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Sep 17 • 3:35 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
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NSF and UKRI Invest More Than $10 Million in Quantum Chemistry Research

NSF and UKRI are investing more than $10 million across eight projects studying quantum information science in chemical systems.

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Sep 17 • 3:05 AM EDT • Science • thequantuminsider.com
2. Bundesliga Preview: VfL Wolfsburg vs. SV Darmstadt 98

Florian Kohfeldt will return to Volkswagen Arena on the opening day of matchday 6 in 2. Bundesliga. The 43-year-old had an unsuccessful stint in Wolfsburg after his coaching breakthrough with Werder B...

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Sep 17 • 3:00 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Wow, attacker confirms Liverpool have signed a sensational player

Liverpool have signed a phenomenal attacker, he just confirmed it. It's been a roller coaster of the transfer window throughout the summer. Looking back on it, two weeks later most supporters will be ...

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Sep 17 • 2:35 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
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NSF and UKRI Commit $10 Million in Joint Funding for Molecular Quantum Information Science

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) have launched a joint $10 million (£7.4 million) research initiative supporting eight transatlantic research teams. Funded via $5 million from the

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Sep 17 • 12:05 AM EDT • Science • quantumcomputingreport.com
Trump emphasizes crime in midterm push in North Carolina

The president made violent crime the central issue in his first large-scale outdoor rally this year and cites the GOP’s 1988 “Willie Horton” attack ad on Democratic nominee Michael S. Dukakis.

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Sep 16 • 10:44 PM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com
Ivory Star Productions’ John Bentham brings boutique shows and brunch fun to the Rio

"Tony n’ Tina’s Wedding" and "Faaabulous! The Ultimate Drag Brunch Show" have been satisfying audiences for months, but renovations have created two separate showrooms for more immersive entertainment experiences.

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Sep 16 • 10:00 PM EDT • Entertainment • lasvegasweekly.com
BlitzReels Announces AI Clipping Workflow That Turns Business Expertise Into Polished, Editable Short Videos

BlitzReels is announcing an AI clipping workflow that transforms podcasts, webinars and B2B recordings into polished short videos while giving b...

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Sep 16 • 9:00 PM EDT • Business • markets.businessinsider.com
Snap targets enterprises with Salesforce, Nvidia AI tools for augmented-reality glasses

Snap on Wednesday announced partnerships with companies including Salesforce, Nvidia and Amazon Web Services to integrate workplace tools into its Specs augmented-reality ​glasses, courting enterprise demand to carve a foothold in the heavily ‌contested market.

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Sep 16 • 7:45 PM EDT • Technology • reuters.com
10 Years, 10 Milestones: A Decade of Peer Recovery at RWJBarnabas Health

The RWJBarnabas Health Institute for Prevention and Recovery celebrates 10 years of its Peer Recovery Program with a lookback at the last decade of transforming substance use disorder care and services for patients across the RWJBarnabas Health system.

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Sep 16 • 7:45 PM EDT • Health • newswise.com
Snap tries to bring AR glasses to enterprise market, partnering with Nvidia, AWS and Salesforce

Snap is partnering with Nvidia, Amazon Web Services and Salesforce as part of an enterprise sales push centered on its $2,000 Specs AR glasses.

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Sep 16 • 7:40 PM EDT • Technology • cnbc.com
Scientists challenge US NIH grant screening as unconstitutional

A group of scientists filed a class-action lawsuit on Wednesday against the U.S. National Institutes of Health, alleging the agency is unconstitutionally screening research ​grants to suppress viewpoints the Trump administration disfavors on topics like diversity, ‌gender identity and climate change.

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Sep 16 • 6:49 PM EDT • Science • reuters.com
Scientists Challenge US NIH Grant Screening as Unconstitutional

By Ahmed Aboulenein WASHINGTON, Sept 16 (Reuters) - A group of ⁠scientists ⁠filed a class-action lawsuit on ⁠Wednesday against the U.S. National Institutes of Health, alleging the agency is unconstitutionally screening research grants to suppress viewpoints the Trump administration disfavors on ...

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Sep 16 • 6:48 PM EDT • Science • usnews.com
Historic Rutland County farmhouse celebrates reopening with new businesses, childcare and housing inside

A community restoration project has transformed the Pittsford Village Farmhouse, bringing new business, childcare, housing and community spaces to the historic town building

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Sep 16 • 6:36 PM EDT • Business • mynbc5.com
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Palmetto Sports Daily: Expectations for SC in first SEC game, How Tait Reynolds can improve vs. UNC

The crew discusses what to look forward to in Gamecock's SEC opener against Mississippi State and how Clemon QB Tait Reynolds can improve his play against UNC.

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Sep 16 • 6:23 PM EDT • Sports • wistv.com
Business and community association established in Pine Level

The town of Pine Level is creating a "business and community association. Leaders talked about their excitement as more and more advancements come to the area.

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Sep 16 • 6:16 PM EDT • Business • wsfa.com
Four rural CT hospitals receive $46 million in federal health grants

Charlotte Hungerford, Day Kimball, Sharon and Windham Hospitals were awarded the funds through U.S. Rural Health Transformation Program.

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Sep 16 • 4:12 PM EDT • Health • ctmirror.org
Earth Science Tech, Inc. Uplists to OTCQB Venture Market

MIAMI, FL, Sept. 16, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Earth Science Tech, Inc. (OTC: ETST) ("Earth Science Tech" or the "Company"), operating as a holding company with a diversified highly accountable portfolio of distinct entities, today announced its successful uplisting to the OTCQB Venture Market (the "OTCQB") effective for trading September 17, 2026. The OTCQB is a premier, established public market for entrepreneurial and growth-stage companies. To qualify for quotation, companies must meet rigoro

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Sep 16 • 4:10 PM EDT • Science • finance.yahoo.com
High school science teacher discovers rare T. Rex tracks: 'A real pivotal moment'

Kent Hups could not contain his excitement when he came across several giant three-toed track prints that appeared to be T. Rex footprints in North Dakota.

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Sep 16 • 3:54 PM EDT • Science • abcnews.com
Detroit CIOs and CISOs to Examine AI Governance, Cybersecurity Resilience, Enterprise Transformation and the Rise of the 'CEO of Technology' at HMG Strategy’s September 24 Summit

FAIRFIELD, Conn., Sept. 16, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- CIOs, CISOs and other senior technology executives from leading organizations across Detroi...

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Sep 16 • 2:57 PM EDT • Business • markets.businessinsider.com
Stanford Grows Human Brain Tissue Inside Mice in Science Breakthrough

Stanford grew human brain tissue inside mice, creating living neural models that could transform drug testing for epilepsy, autism, and schizophrenia.

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Sep 16 • 2:34 PM EDT • Science • yahoo.com
NSF announces 3 additional topics as part of the NSF X-Labs initiative to pursue generational breakthrough science and technology efforts

NSF X-Labs invites proposals from teams working in AI for physical systems and announces two forthcoming topics...

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Sep 16 • 1:13 PM EDT • Science • nsf.gov
Fusion Fest returns to Howard Park next weekend with global foods, music, and cultural celebration

The popular South Bend cultural festival features live entertainment, international food vendors and hands-on activities.

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Sep 16 • 12:52 PM EDT • Entertainment • wndu.com
Giants’ Devers Named as Potential Yankees Trade Target

Buster Olney suggests a blockbuster move to the Bronx, allowing Rafael Devers to focus on his elite power stroke while solving the San Francisco Giants’ complex financial future.

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Sep 16 • 12:33 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Marwan Kabalan, Qatar’s Foreign Policy: Geography, Politics and Strategy since 1971.

Qatar has undergone a period of deep introspection over the past few months. On July 12, 2026, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani—the visionary former leader who helped transform modern Qatar into a regional and global powerhouse during his 18-year reign—passed away at the age of 74. Sheikh Hamad’s death came just six weeks after that of his lifelong friend […]

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Sep 16 • 12:05 PM EDT • Politics • arabcenterdc.org
Iran war powers resolution passes House with seven Republican defections

House Democrats successfully passed a resolution directing President Donald Trump to end the Iran war for a third time, with three new Republicans breaking with the president from the usual four. The resolution passed 220-204 with seven Republicans supporting the measure, three more than who backed the legislation in two previous votes. Reps. Thomas Massie, […]

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Sep 16 • 12:05 PM EDT • Politics • coloradopolitics.com
Rosie O’Donnell joins “The Rocky Horror Show” on Broadway after successful gig guest-hosting “Jimmy Kimmel Live”

The former talk show host is set to take the stage next month, briefly replacing Rachel Dratch.

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Sep 16 • 12:04 PM EDT • Entertainment • yahoo.com
865 Neyland to bring 100K square feet of entertainment to the University of Tennessee

A $288 million investment is transforming University of Tennessee’s Neyland Stadium area with 865 Neyland, a 100,000-square-foot mixed-use entertainment district featuring dining, retail, and a 24-story hotel and residential tower, set to be completed by 2029.

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Sep 16 • 11:30 AM EDT • Entertainment • local3news.com
The Emmys Lost 15 Million Viewers. It’s a Warning for Every Successful Business

The Emmy Awards used to be one of television's biggest events. The broadcast's fall is a lesson for ever entrepreneur.

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Sep 16 • 10:46 AM EDT • Business • inc.com
Giants' Offense Powers Them to Easy Win Over Cardinals

The San Francisco Giants' offense looked a lot better on Tuesday against the St. Louis Cardinals.

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Sep 16 • 10:46 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Arsenal 4th-round League Cup draw details

Arsenal’s win over Ipswich Town helped them into the fourth round of the League Cup on Tuesday night, but who will the Gunners face next?Photo by Alex Pantling/Getty ImagesFollowing Tuesday’s win ...

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Sep 16 • 10:40 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
UT reveals name, new renderings for planned Neyland Entertainment District

KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (WATE) — The planned Neyland Entertainment District now has a name: 865 Neyland. Tennessee Athletics plans to transform the waterfront near Neyland Stadium with a sprawling developmen...

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Sep 16 • 10:23 AM EDT • Entertainment • yahoo.com
Metallica to rock Camp Randall Stadium in June 2027

MADISON (WKOW) — One of the most commercially successful and influential heavy metal bands of all-time is set to rock out at Camp Randall Stadium next summer.

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Sep 16 • 10:18 AM EDT • Entertainment • wkow.com
Did Viking miss signs of life on Mars? Scientists to revisit findings at W&M

WILLIAMSBURG – Fifty years ago this summer, NASA’s Viking 1 and Viking 2 became the first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars — touching down July 20 and Sept. 3, 1976, respectively — marking a milestone in the search for life beyond Earth. Scientists hoped the missions would find signs of life, but the results […]

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Sep 16 • 10:15 AM EDT • Science • wydaily.com
North Carolina’s Southeast welcomes new Director of Business Development Savannah Taylor

Savannah TaylorSavannah Taylor, a career economic development professional, has accepted the role of director of Business Development at North Carolina’s Southeast. She officially started in the position on Sept. 14.“North Carolina’s Southeast’s success has long been based on strategic collaborative engagement and leadership among our team and with our partners, so a key aim was to find someone who aligned with those dynamics,” said NCSE President Steve Yost in a press release. “Savannah has strong experience for this position through her previous roles in local economic development, research, and policy development, and it became clear that she would be an excellent match in helping to advance the mission for our 20-county region. We couldn’t be more excited to welcome her to the Southeast.”Before joining the Southeast team, Taylor lived and worked in Georgia as an economic development project manager for the City of Marietta and as public policy & research manager and research director for the Georgia Chamber of Commerce Foundation. She has successfully led public policy and strategic project initiatives related to statewide community development and has served on several special committees, including the Metro Atlanta eXchange for Workforce Solutions Research Committee and the United for ALICE Georgia Research Advisory Committee. “After previously working at the state and local level in Georgia, I knew I was looking for a local or regional organization as my next step,” said Taylor in a press release. “I wanted to find a highly collaborative environment, and that led me to North Carolina’s Southeast.”Taylor graduated from Georgia College & State University with dual degrees — a B.S. in Economics and a B.A. in World Languages and Cultures. “I’m really looking forward to interacting with the organization’s partners and all of the local developers,” said Taylor in a press release. “Overall, I think I’m most excited for the new adventures with all the hiking and biking and everything else there is to explore in the region. I hope if anyone has any recommendations, they’ll share them!”

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Sep 16 • 9:38 AM EDT • Business • bizfayetteville.com
South Carolina Announces Recipients of Rural Health Transformation Program Funding

South Carolina Gov. Henry McMaster this week announced the state has awarded 228 grants totaling $167,299,900.69 in funding to strengthen health care access, quality and outcomes in primary care, maternal and infant care, pediatrics and behavioral...

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Sep 16 • 9:18 AM EDT • Health • greenvillebusinessmag.com
FilmOne Entertainment becomes Nigeria's sole representative among six African buyers at TIFF's new market

#FeaturedPost

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Sep 16 • 8:13 AM EDT • Entertainment • africa.businessinsider.com
865 Neyland Unveiled as Official Name of University of Tennessee Entertainment District

865 Neyland has been unveiled as the official name and brand identity for the transformative mixed-use entertainment district and hotel and residential tower...

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Sep 16 • 8:00 AM EDT • Entertainment • utsports.com
Video Lowe's CEO talks new business coalition

Lowe's CEO Marvin Ellison discusses a new coalition he helped launch to expand opportunities across corporate America.

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Sep 16 • 8:00 AM EDT • Business • abcnews.com
EU membership bid gives boost to Moldova’s fledgling R&D landscape

Moldova’s push to join the EU is having the spillover effect of helping to improve the country’s R&D landscape, which in recent years has suffered from fragmentation, decreasing personnel and a lack of research infrastructure.The country became an EU candidate country in 2022, alongside Ukraine, and officially began accession negotiations in 2024. With a pro-EU government, Moldova has been actively carrying out reforms to align with EU standards. This has helped accelerate the development of R&D, said Igor Chiosa, acting head of the Research and Innovation Policy Directorate at Moldova’s Ministry of Education and Research. “Our R&D landscape is moving up, and we are more and more involved in the European Research Area,” he said. “The support we receive from the EU is very important, not only financially, but also because of incentives, consultation and capacity building.”The R&D landscape in the former Soviet republic is still relatively underdeveloped, despite attempts at improvement going back to a 2004 law on science and innovation and later reforms in 2017 and 2018. But the system remains in a “precarious situation” and “in the process of contraction,” according to an assessment carried out by the government for the current National Programme for Research and Innovation, which runs from 2024 to 2027. The analysis highlights in particular the declining number of researchers and PhDs, which has been continuously falling, as well as limited research funding. This is around 10 times lower than the EU average and “insufficient to maintain a level of research activity that supports higher education and meets the needs of the economy.” The mechanisms for allocating research funds are also described as inefficient, as well as the general fragmentation of the landscape, with research and innovation activities being carried out in 67 different places. The lack of strategic vision for research infrastructure is also noted. The strategy sets out to address these issues and is being fuelled by reforms linked to EU accession. Moldova now has a regulation on open science and gender equality. There is also a new support mechanism for technology transfer offices and a business-academia roadmap. In 2025, the country also became the first Eastern Partnership country to approve a Smart Specialisation strategy, which will coordinate its R&D efforts to focus on strengths, within a European context. “We’ve done a lot in terms of normative acts,” Chiosa said. Horizon Europe successMoldova is also seeing more success in the EU’s flagship R&D programme, Horizon Europe. The country has now won nearly €15 million in funding, already double the amount won under the previous programme, Horizon 2020, and more than the €10 million target set by the government. Chiosa said the priority has shifted now to winning more research-centred projects, rather than those related to support and capacity. Moldova is also targeting further involvement in large European projects. Last year, it joined the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking giving Moldovans access to Europe's supercomputing network. The country is also a member of Danubius-RI, a European research infrastructure focused on river and sea research. Despite these efforts, Moldova’s research capacity is still shackled by its limited R&D budget, which equates to 0.23% of its GDP. This is around half of what its neighbour Romania spends, which is the lowest in the EU. According to Chiosa, the research budget is increasing year-on-year, jumping by €6.34 million between 2024 and 2025. But this doesn’t show up when looking at it as a proportion of GDP. “Of course, it’s difficult,” he said. “That is why we are putting more emphasis on collaboration between business and academia, as well as participation in Horizon Europe, to try to diversify our sources of funding.”A World Bank loan of €30 million, plus a grant of €7.8 million, was agreed in 2025 to support the modernisation of Moldova’s universities. As part of this, a call was launched this year to provide universities grants of up to €900,000 to develop their research infrastructure. Moldova is also collaborating closely with Romania, with which it shares a common language, funding 100 joint projects in 2023 and 2024. This support has been instrumental. “They are helping with sharing their expertise, inviting us into consortia, and lots more,” Chiosa said. Looking forward, Moldova is eagerly anticipating joining the EU. “We are looking closely at what the EU is doing and will shape our future national programme in research innovation accordingly.”EU accession “blocked at a technical level”Moldova is aiming to join the EU by 2028, but despite its swift and eager efforts to meet the accession criteria, there remain obstacles outside of the country’s control. For a country to join the EU, it must have certain legislation in place and meet specific standards in various areas. This is categorised into six thematic clusters containing 33 chapters. Moldova and the EU have so far opened two of the clusters, numbers one and six. The first covers fundamental laws, such as the judiciary, security and financial legislation. The sixth covers external relations. The remaining four clusters are still unopened. This includes the third cluster, on competitiveness and growth, which contains the chapter on science and research.Related articlesQ&A: Albania’s ambition to become a ‘moderate innovator’Data corner: Horizon success rates are droppingThe European Commission has confirmed that these clusters are ready to be opened, with an official saying that the Commission is encouraging EU governments, who have the final say, to move forward on the matter. However, both clusters two and three remain blocked by the EU Council’s working party on enlargement and countries negotiating accession to the EU, a different official, representing the Council, confirmed.This working party is set to meet several times in the coming weeks, with a Council meeting scheduled for mid-October in which enlargement, and Moldova’s bid, will be discussed. But there is no certainty that these talks will lead to progress. According to the Council source, it is “completely impossible to foresee if and when the file will be unblocked,” citing the sensitivity of the matter. Moldova’s situation is particularly complicated. One factor is that it borders Ukraine and is increasingly embroiled in Russia’s war, with drone incursions occurring more often on its territory. Another is Transnistria, a Russian-backed breakaway state that lies within the territory of Moldova. It is unclear how the EU would be able to accept Moldova into the bloc while this situation remains unchanged. While there is no direct reason to delay opening cluster three with Moldova, as it covers matters unrelated to security, it could be that the EU is reluctant to speed through accession negotiations without first resolving broader, geopolitical issues.Chiosa is confident that, if and when the chapter on science and research is opened, Moldova will be able to finalise it quickly. It doesn’t require any legislative changes and is only a matter of proving certain standards, which Chiosa believes Moldova is well prepared to do. “We hope that chapter 25 on science and research will be one of the first chapters opened and closed,” he said.

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Sep 16 • 8:00 AM EDT • Science • sciencebusiness.net
Truth and Politics in the Age of Post-Truth

Get E-International Relations delivered to your inbox, free of charge. As you sign up, consider becoming a paid subscriber, or make a donation, to support our work. Subscribe This is an excerpt from Global Politics in a Post-Truth Era. You can download the book free of charge from E-International Relations. The term post-truth is by now so ubiquitous in describing the state of politics in the Western world and even beyond that the most pressing issue of the day appears to be about making democracy work in the era of post-truth rather than questioning the normalisation of the term itself in the first place. The critical turning point appeared to have occurred in 2016 when the term was chosen by the Oxford English Dictionary as ‘The Word of the Year.’ On its website, the Dictionary notes the transformation of post-truth from ‘being a peripheral term to being a mainstay in political commentary and connects ‘the spike in frequency’ directly with the Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom and the election of Donald J. Trump in the United States – both occurring in 2016. Paired with the noun ‘politics,’ post-truth is defined as an adjective ‘relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.’ The Oxford English Dictionary traces the first use of the term to a 1992 essay in The Nation by the playwright Steve Tesich as he reflected on the 1980s Iran-Contra scandal and the 1990–91 Gulf War: We are rapidly becoming prototypes of a people that totalitarian monsters could only drool about in their dreams. All the dictators up to now have had to work hard at suppressing the truth. We, by our actions, are saying that this is no longer necessary, that we have acquired a spiritual mechanism that can denude truth of any significance. In a very fundamental way we, as a free people, have freely decided that we want to live in some post-truth world (Tesich 1992, 13; emphasis added). He then continued, The Gulf War is over but the war at home goes on. The gulf between rich and destitute widens – between those of us who live in a modern post-industrial nation and those of us who live in the Third World countries of our inner cities. The present administration’s response to this internal crisis has shifted from benign to malignant neglect. The current levels of misery and decomposition of our cities and the economic gulags of our ghettos are acceptable. Since there is only so much hope to go around, there is a freeze on hope. The have-nots have now been reclassified as never-will-haves (Tesich 1992, 13). In the context of Tesich’s essay, truth includes both facts, as in what happens, and ‘moral absolutes,’ as in the ‘self-evident truths mentioned in our Constitution’ (Tesich 1992, 14). Together, these two notions of truth entail the obligation to both act and react. The two passages cited above show that even in the early post-Cold War years, Tesich was already deeply concerned that the American people are neither prepared to act on truth nor react to truth that is disconcerting, or what he calls ‘bad news’ (Tesich 1992, 12). Accordingly, Tesich’s insight as captured by the term post-truth is not that truth is irrelevant to what we know, but rather it is irrelevant to how we act. In contrast, ‘post-truth politics,’ as defined by Oxford as a term that pitches ‘objective facts’ against ‘emotion and personal belief’ such that the latter appears to have overtaken the former in shaping ‘public opinion’ and thereby, democratic politics. When Tesich’s post-truth politics and its current usage are juxtaposed, the two are in fact not identical in terms of what truth is and how it relates to politics. Against such consideration, this chapter provides a critical survey of selected historical events and theoretical considerations for the purpose of gaining a more nuanced understanding of the relation between truth and politics. Truth and Language One notable impact of post-truth politics is that language is being overtly deployed as a political weapon not only by politicians and those in power, but among the general population. It seems that once facts are irrelevant to the validity of what is being said, language becomes the platform for an all-out political contest in which what is said is no more than an act of will expressed as an assertion of power and/or an exercise in defiance. As early as in the writings of Thucydides (460–400 BCE), the vulnerability of logos – which is the human capacity for rational discourse in tumultuous times – was already noted. Thucydides belonged to a school of Greek thought which maintained that language is conventional and that the association between name and things is a result of ‘human use and habit’ rather than ‘nature or divine dispensation’ (Connor 1984, 99). The conventional nature of language means that it is incapable of providing its users with any independent criteria for judgement. In Thucydides’ study of the Peloponnesian War (431–405 BCE), the subversion of logos as seen in the manipulation of language was introduced through his account of the civil war in Corcyra (Thucydides 1972, 236-245). The war first broke out in 427 BCE between the pro-Athenian democratic faction and the pro-Spartan oligarchic faction before it spread to the rest of the Greek world. There was a general breakdown of law and order, resulting in extreme violence and death. Language underwent changes that were reflective of the events of the time. The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) translated Thucydides’ description of the situation as follows: The received value of names imposed for signification of things, was changed into arbitrary. For inconsiderate boldness, was counted true-hearted manliness: provident deliberation, a handsome fear: modesty, the cloak of cowardice: to be wise in everything, to be lazy in everything... he that had been so provident as not to need to do the one or the other, was said to be a dissolver of society, and one that stood in fear of his adversary. In brief, he that could outstrip another in the doing of an evil act, or that could persuade another thereto that never meant it, was commended (Hobbes 1839–1845, 8: 348; Thucydides 1972, 242-243). What concerned Thucydides most was that the meanings of words are no more than linguistic conventions that require logos to support them. The Corcyrean civil war was a reminder that such capacity cannot be assumed. This is why history understood as an authentic account of what happens matters. Guided by logos, the historian’s task is ‘the search after truth’, which is established through ‘the absence of the fabulous,’ including ‘the rejection of myth and unverifiable stories’ (de Jonge 2017, 2). Thus, history plays an important role in facilitating the stability of language – without which distinctions and judgements cannot be rendered communicable. Just like Thucydides, Hobbes was a nominalist who subscribed to the view that there is no inherent meaning to words. Hobbes’ state of nature, where there is no common authority, is precisely one in which distinctions cannot be made. As Hobbes put it, there is ‘no Mine and Thine distinct’ nor is there distinction between ‘the notions of Right and Wrong, Justice and Injustice’ (1968, 188; emphasis in original). This is clearly an unsustainable condition for everyone. Behind Hobbes’ famous words that life in the state of nature is ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’ is his uncompromising argument for the ‘Leviathan’, which is described by the late American political theorist, Sheldon Wolin (1922–2015), as the ‘sovereign definer’ (Hobbes 1968, 186; Wolin 2004, 238–243). Accordingly, the social contract is importantly a ‘linguistic contract’ that binds all parties to ‘general names agreed upon’ (Peters 1979, 125; Hobbes 1968, 111). Through Thucydides and Hobbes, we can identify a line of thinking that sees politics as a contestation over the use of language, which is based on shared conventions and norms. Thus understood, politics is not a collective quest for the true nature of our being or an epistemological exercise in pursuit of true knowledge. Rather, politics is about humans living with one another by finding a shared language to communicate with one another on matters that affect them all. Truth is in that sense contingent on what is being said as opposed to setting the standard for it. In other words, truth is the embodiment of shareability among us. While truth as such ensures the viability of a political entity, truth by no means represents a normative standard to adjudicate among contesting actors in what they say, let alone in what they do. During Thucydides’ times, ancient China was also experiencing a tumultuous time as the ruling Zhou dynasty deteriorated into the period of the Warring States (481–221 BCE). This was when the rulers of Zhou no longer presided over the territories brought under its control through conquest. Instead of professing allegiance to the Zhou royalty, the lords of these territories became kings themselves to rule over their own land. The period was one marked by endless military campaigns as each of the seven major states aimed to conquer the rest (Lewis 1999). Yet, the period was also known for its intellectual vibrancy as different thinkers challenged the restoring of order among these warring states – including offering ideas and advice to rulers on good governance. Among these thinkers was Confucius (551–479 BCE). His thought, which came to be known as Confucianism, went on to become the state ideology of China from the Han dynasty (206 BCE–222 CE) until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911 when China became a republic. The founding text of Confucianism was the Analects, which is a collection of dialogues between Confucius and his students as recorded by them. One key concept Confucius advanced is the ‘rectification of names’. Though the term only appears in one exchange in the Analects, it is considered a major aspect of Confucius’ thought. Generations of Confucian scholars from past and present, including Western academics, have debated over its interpretation (Makeham 2003). The passage in question reads as follows: Zi Lu said: ‘The monarch of the state of Wei wants you to govern the country, what is the first thing you plan on doing?’ Confucius said: ‘First it is necessary to rectify the names.’Zi Lu said: ‘Is that really what has to be done? You are being too pedantic, aren’t you now? How will you rectify these names?’Confucius said: ‘Zhong You, you are too unrefined. A gentleman, faced with a matter that he does not understand, takes a skeptical attitude. If names are not correct, one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, and if one cannot speak smoothly and reasonably, affairs cannot be managed successfully. If affairs cannot be managed successfully, rites and music will not be conducted. If rites and music are not conducted, punishments will not be suitable. And if punishments are not suitable, the common people will not know what to do. So, when the gentleman uses names, it is necessary to be able to speak so that people understand. If one can say it, one can definitely do it. A gentleman should not be careless with words’ (Analects 13:3 in Cao 2016, 148). This translation is offered by the contemporary philosopher Cao Feng. As Cao notes, the passage is what started the whole debate over ‘exactly what kind of names did Confucius... wish to rectify’ (Cao 2016, 148). Of the three major groups of interpretation examined by Cao, beginning with classical Confucian scholarship, one is arguably the most influential and certainly most pertinent to the issue of language and politics. This is the interpretation that was first associated with the Neo-Confucian master, Zhu Xi (1130–1200), who argued that the ‘rectification of names is simply the rectification of politics’ (Cao 2016, 149). Within this interpretive framework, rectification has the dual functions of correction and prescription by ensuring that predetermined hierarchical roles are strictly adhered to through following ‘the system of rites and propriety’ (Cao 2016, 151). In addition, the rectification of names entails ‘using names to rectify actuality’ (Cao 2016, 151). Yet Cao rejects this whole body of interpretive works by arguing that these were ideas developed later. Instead, Cao suggests the following: The original meaning of Confucius’ rectification of names may, then, be quite simple. Confucius did not mean to establish a concrete, normative system of “names”; rather, Confucius was simply the first person in history to realize or remark upon the importance of language in politics. As a politician, he noticed and foresaw the impact that the indeterminacy, ambiguity, and arbitrariness of names would have on politics. Confucius recognized the political consequences of language’s not accurately expressing meaning or not being accurately received by people. He realized the great role that names, as a means of distinguishing right and wrong and establishing norms, could play in society and politics (Cao 2016, 168). Scholarly debates aside, Cao’s view has the advantage of identifying an interpretation of this controversial exchange in the Analects that enables its readers to extrapolate from it the observation that the meaning of words depends as much on their users as on their interpreters; neither of which can be predetermined. Accordingly, a good ruler is someone who can speak without ambiguity to his subjects and make good his words through actions. Stated differently, Cao’s view on what concerned Confucius then, who was living through times of protracted political upheaval, is that language is an indispensable political tool for those in power and can be deployed by both good and bad rulers alike. To sum up, this historical survey shows that politics as a war of words is by no means a distinctive marker of contemporary politics nor the Western world. Be it ancient or current, east or west, language is subject to manipulation to serve political purposes and when there is an outright war of words that defies existing norms, it is indicative of a political situation in which people no longer share a language and truth becomes irrelevant. Accordingly, political order entails stability in language use. Truth and Politics As previously noted, current use of the term post-truth as an adjective to the term ‘politics’ suggests that once there was a time when politics aligned with truth. Indeed, if we start with Plato’s Republic as the key founding text of Western political thought, we see that the ideal polis (city-state of ancient Greece) is where truth and politics converge, and justice is achieved. Written around 380 BCE when Athens was still coping with its defeat by the Spartans in the Peloponnesian War, the Republic is a defence of the rule of the ‘philosopher king’, defined as someone who is ‘guided by the truth’ and is ‘always and in every way’ in pursuit of the truth (Plato 1974, 490a). For Plato, truth converges with virtues and hence, letting the philosopher take charge of politics is to let the wisest and the most virtuous lead the less wise and the less virtuous even if it requires compulsion (Plato 1974, 499b). In Plato’s words, ‘…until the philosophers attain power in a city there will be no respite from evil for either city or citizens…’ (Plato 1974, 501e). The uncompromising rule of philosopher-kings is made palatable by the claim that we are all ‘earth- born brothers’ with random mixtures of gold, silver, bronze and iron, but only the gold can rule (Plato 1974, 414–415). Understandably, academic debates over the interpretation of Plato’s Republic revolve around the question of whether truth as attained in philosophy can be realised in politics as action and whether such a connection is even desirable. Without getting into the details of these scholarly exchanges, I suggest that they all share the concern that truth acquired through the rigorous process of philosophical reasoning is not without problem when applied to the real world of living humans. This is because not all humans are philosophers – and indeed, in Plato’s view, not everyone is capable of becoming a philosopher given the protracted and arduous training that one needs to endure to become one. Hannah Arendt (1906–1975), a highly influential political philosopher of the twentieth century, notes that ‘Plato was the first to introduce the division between those who know and do not act and those who act and do not know’ and that such a separation has remained ‘at the root of all theories of domination’ (Arendt 1958, 223, 225). What Arendt points out in this remark is not the gap between theory and practice, but rather that Plato provides the normative ground for those who know the truth to tell those who do not know what to do. Arendt herself took on the challenge of understanding the relationship between truth and politics through her analysis of Nazism and Stalinism. Arendt’s insight, which was controversial when The Origins of Totalitarianism was published in 1951, was to identify Nazism and Stalinism as representative of a new form of political rule – totalitarianism – making it distinct from ‘other forms of political oppression... such as despotism, tyranny and dictatorship’ (Arendt 1973, 460). Arendt defines totalitarianism as a self- contained system of ideas driven by their ‘logic’ and marked by a mode of reasoning called ‘ideological thinking.’ Ideological thinking as such is a distinctive form of political reasoning defined by three characteristics. First, ideological thinking claims to provide a ‘total explanation’ of all historical happenings, encompassing the past, the present, and the future. Second, while ideological thinking is an attempt to account for ‘factual reality’ in its totality, this mode of thinking is paradoxically divorced from reality and experience. This is because experience, being rooted in specificity, is clearly limited in its claim to totality. It follows that as its third characteristic, ideological thinking aims to emancipate thought from the limitation imposed by experience through a ‘specific method of demonstration.’ The method involves arranging facts into an ‘absolutely logical procedure’ that starts from an ‘axiomatically accepted premise’. It is, in short, a ‘process of deduction from a premise’ – which is the only possible movement in the realm of logic that leads to one definitive conclusion. This is how the ‘logicality of ideological thinking’ provides the basis for total explanation and the ‘principle of action’ for totalitarian movement (Arendt 1973, 468–474). Stated differently, totalitarianism is a form of uncompromising idealism that exists in one’s head irrespective of shared reality as experienced. It is the perverse form of what Arendt later refers to as ‘rational truth’, which is the product of the ‘speculative mind’ that belongs to philosophy, mathematics and the sciences. The ‘speculative mind’ is the mind working on its way to generate axioms and theories by relying on the cognitive capacity of the human brain (Arendt 1977, 231). The presence of others has no bearing whatsoever on rational truth. In contrast, ‘factual truth’ is what happens when humans are ‘living and acting together’ (Arendt 1977, 231). Factual truth is therefore particular and temporal by definition. But more importantly, factual truth is ‘political by nature’ because it can only be validated in the context of the human community (Arendt 1977, 238). In other words, factual truth is about humans in their plurality rather than in their singularity. For factual truth to be sustainable, we need what Arendt calls ‘common sense’ – understood as ‘community sense’ (Arendt 1982, 72). There is also another distinction about truth that Arendt makes which is pertinent to understanding how totalitarianism works. The issue is whether the so-called totalitarian ideology is simply an unnecessarily cumbersome way of saying that it is an all-round and polished lie. Here, Arendt calls totalitarian ideology the ‘modern lie’ – in contrast to the ‘traditional lie’. The latter is restricted by two conditions: that it is a lie about the ‘particulars’ and that it deceives only the ‘enemy’ – which means that the liar is not engaged in self- deception. The modern lie, however, involves a ‘complete rearrangement of the whole factual texture’. It also intends to deceive everyone alike, to the extent that those who initiate the lie eventually ‘fall victims to their own falsehood’ (Arendt 1977, 249–254). This distinction between the traditional and modern lie is important. It indicates that not only is totalitarianism a lie, but the lie is in fact too big to fit into the standard meaning of the word. To tell a lie from truth, we need a common standard. In the case of a traditional lie, the common standard is precisely ‘the fabric of factuality’. As such, a lie always appears as a ‘tear’ to that fabric. Yet, modern lies require making a surrogate reality with a completely different context for facts to fit ‘without seam, crack, or fissure, exactly as the facts fitted into their original context’. Arendt notes that as long as those who concoct the surrogate reality are prepared to engage in self- deception to ‘create a semblance of truthfulness’, there is nothing to prevent ‘these new stories, images, and non-facts from becoming an adequate substitute for reality and factuality’ (Arendt 1977, 253–254). Totalitarianism therefore requires a person to stand outside of the system itself in order to make sense of it. Arendt points out that it is futile for us to argue with (for example) a Nazi or a Stalinist on race or class. To confront totalitarianism requires more than just a confrontation with specific facts. It is a more fundamental confrontation between reality as experienced and its total rejection. This means that Nazism and Stalinism are more than radical ways of conducting racial conflict or class struggle. Rather: Totalitarian politics – far from being simply antisemitic or racist or imperialist or communist – use and abuse their own ideological and political elements until the basis of factual reality, from which the ideologies originally derived their propaganda value– the value of struggle, for instance, or the interest conflicts between Jews and their neighbours – have all but disappeared (Arendt 1973, xv). Accordingly: The ideal subject of totalitarian rule is not the convinced Nazi or the convinced Communist, but people for whom the distinction between fact and fiction (that is, the reality of experience) and the distinction between true and false (that is, the standards of thought) no longer exist (Arendt 1973, 474). Who then is the ‘ideal subject’ of totalitarianism? Although there is a revival of interest in Arendt’s observation on truth and politics since the onset of post- truth politics, not enough has been said about her reply to the question (Hyvönen 2018; Klinkler 2018; Lee 2019; Zerilli 2020). Yet if we take a look at Arendt’s portrait of this ideal subject, her view is even more pertinent to our current challenge. As a self-contained system of ideas that is detached from experience, totalitarian thinking offers consistency in ways that reality cannot. Arendt notes that this kind of consistency is especially appealing to those who have lost a sense of bearing in the world (Arendt 1973, 353). They constitute what she calls the ‘masses’. The ‘mass man’ is thus a highly isolated and atomised individual, who is ‘obsessed by a desire to escape from reality’ (Arendt 1973, 318, 352). In his ‘essential homelessness’ the mass man can ‘no longer bear its accidental, incomprehensible aspects’ (Arendt 1973, 352). This longing for escape from reality is a ‘verdict against the world’ in which one is ‘forced to live’ but ‘cannot exist’ (Arendt 1973, 352). Such a situation is ripe for the ‘revolt of the masses’ against ‘common sense,’ which is ‘the result of their atomisation, of their loss of social status’ and with it, the ‘whole sector of communal relationships in whose framework common sense makes sense’ (Arendt 1973, 352). In short, the masses are people who are considered to be ‘superfluous or can be spared … [who] cannot be integrated into any organisation based on common interest’ (Arendt 1973, 311). Whether one agrees with Arendt’s analysis of the social conditions in the interwar years that led to the formation of the ‘masses’, her portrait of the ‘mass man’ is a powerful account of what can happen to an individual who has become disposable to the society that they used to belong to. Hand in hand with this phenomenon is indeed the collapse of ‘common sense’ that leaves the dislodged individual scrambling for reconnection. By offering the masses a substitute reality validated by the ‘logic of an idea’ rather than by experience, totalitarianism makes it possible for them to live in a world where there is no condition of plurality. Between ‘facing the anarchic growth and total arbitrariness of decay’ and ‘bowing down before the most rigid, fantastically fictitious consistency of an ideology’, the masses will likely ‘choose the latter’ (Arendt 1973, 352). A world created by ideology, then, is more attractive to the masses not because ‘they are stupid and wicked, but because in the general disaster this escape grants them a minimum of self- respect’ by conjuring up ‘a lying world of consistency which is more adequate to the needs of the human mind than reality itself’ (Arendt 1973, 353). Moreover, it is precisely this ability to guarantee consistency that makes it possible for the leaders of totalitarian movements to demand ‘total, unrestricted, unconditional and unalterable loyalty of the individual member’ (Arendt 1973, 323). While this chapter is not a study of the social factors that led to specific contemporary developments such as the result of the Brexit referendum or the election of Donald Trump in 2016, Arendt’s ‘mass man’ seem to have found their counterparts among the supporters of Brexit and Trumpism. Studies of voters’ profiles in both events point to a disproportionate share of supporters from white male lower income backgrounds without university educations. These are individuals who have either already lost their jobs to globalisation or who are at high risk of losing their job with very little capacity to be retrained for the twenty-first century market economy of advanced industrialised states (BBC 2016; Pew Research Center 2018). In short, these displaced workers are part of the tapestry forming the modern equivalent of Arendt’s ‘mass man’ – ready to be the recruits of totalitarianism. Conclusion If we step back to take a more comprehensive approach to the relationship between truth and politics, both historically and theoretically, it is not so obvious that 2016 is a defining moment. From ancient China and ancient Greece to our so-called post-truth age, the indeterminacy of language appears to be a persistent political challenge. Language is always open to manipulation by its users to serve power. Nonetheless, the tendency these days is to single out the ubiquity of social media and the proliferation of Internet platforms as the incubator for the countless cyberwars of words that in turn fuel the real world of politics. In this context, language is no longer the conveyor of objective facts and accurate information, but rather the medium for expressing subjective opinions and feelings, as captured by the Oxford Dictionary’s definition of the term ‘post-truth politics’. In contrast, the historical approach used in this chapter shows that it is in fact too easy to point the figure at the Internet and digital communication for the political challenge that we face today. What is being suggested here is that with or without the Internet, language, be it used to convey facts or emotions, is simply a tool for communication that humans have invented. While language per se cannot adjudicate what is true or not true, what is right or wrong, it embodies such capacity when language is a shared norm. That shared norm cannot be sustained without some semblance of cohesion in any given community. Any war of words, irrespective of its platform, is indicative of the breakdown of such cohesiveness. Returning to the original context in which the term post-truth politics was first used by Steve Tesich helps to identify the important distinction between truth as the standard for knowledge and truth as the standard for action. The two do not necessarily coincide. Placed in the context of the history of political thought, this distinction is in fact at the heart of Plato’s Republic. Yet when the philosopher as the quintessential bearer of truth becomes king, the polis that he rules over is far from the ideal of a just state that it purports to be. Instead, it is one that is held together by lies and coercion. What Arendt reveals through her study of Nazism and Stalinism is that it is dangerous for the kind of truth that philosophy generates – ‘rational truth’ – to become the guide to politics. Politics guided by rational truth can only be uncompromising and follows a logic of its own that cannot afford the ambiguity and indeterminacy of reality as lived experiences of humans. A world of post-truth politics can be an opportunity for a new kind of politics if it is indeed about dismantling the idea that truth is the ideal that politics should strive for. But as it stands, the post-truth politics of today is more about invoking a past that never exists to judge the presence as a crisis in naming when the real crisis is about rebuilding a shared space that has room for all – be they of the left, right or centre; cosmopolitan or parochial; civic-minded or self-centred; liberal-minded or bigoted. Politics is and always will be about striving for that space, without which no human can thrive. References Arendt, Hannah. 1958. The Human Condition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Arendt, Hannah. 1973. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Rev. ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Arendt, Hannah. 1977. “Truth and Politics.” In Between Past and Future, 227–264. New York: Penguin Books. Arendt, Hannah. 1982. Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy, edited by Ronald Beiner. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2016. “Brexit vote: The breakdown.” BBC News, December 7, 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-38227674 Cao, Feng. 2016. “A New Examination of Confucius’ Rectification of Names.” Journal of Chinese Humanities 2: 147–171. https://doi-org.subzero.lib. uoguelph.ca/ doi/ 10.1163/23521341-12340032. Connor, W. Robert. 1984. Thucydides. Princeton: Princeton University Press. de Jonge, Casper C. 2017. “Dionysius of Halicarnassus on Thucydides.” in The Oxford Handbook of Thucydides, edited by Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster, and Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.17 https://www-oxfordhandbooks-com.subzero. lib.uoguelph.ca/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199340385 Hyvönen, Ari-Elmeri. 2018. “Careless Speech: Conceptualizing Post-Truth Politics.” New Perspectives 26 (3): 31–55. https://www.proquest.com/ scholarly-journals/careless-speech-conceptualizing-post-truth/ docview/2204515132/se-2?accountid=11233. Hobbes, Thomas. 1839–1845. The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, edited by Sir William Molesworth. London: John Bohn. Vol. 8. Klinkner, Melanie. 2018. “Reasonable Truth.” International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 14 (3): 393–99. doi:10.1386/macp.14.3.393_7. Lee, Haiyan. 2019. “When Nothing Is True, Everything Is Possible: On Truth and Power by Way of Socialist Realism.” PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 134 (5). Cambridge University Press: 1157–64. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2019.134.5.1157 Lewis, Mark E. 1999. “Warring States Political History.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC, edited by Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, 587–650. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Makeham, John. 2003. “Zheng ming (Rectification of names).” In RoutledgeCurzon Encyclopedia of Confucianism, edited by Xinzhong Yao. Vol. 2: 813-814. New York: Routledge. Oxford Languages, n. d. “Word of the Year 2016.” Accessed 19 August 2017. https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2016/ Peters, Richard. 1979. Hobbes. Westport: Greenwood Press. Pew Research Center. 2018. “An examination of the 2016 electorate, based on validated voters.” Report, August 9, 2018. https://www.pewresearch.org/ politics/2018/08/09/an-examination-of-the-2016-electorate-based-on- validated-voters/ Plato. 1974. Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Indianapolis: Hackett. Tesich, Steve. 1992. “Watergate Syndrome: A Government of Lies.” The Nation: 12-14. January 6/13, 1992. Thucydides. 1972. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Rex Warner. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books. Wolin, Sheldon. 2004. Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Westen Political Thought. Expanded Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Zerilli, Linda M. G. 2020. ‘Fact-Checking and Truth-Telling in an Age of Alternative Facts.’ Le foucaldien 6, no. 1: 2, 1–22. Theresa Man Ling Lee is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Guelph (Canada). Lee is a political theorist who specializes in contemporary political thought. Her research and teaching areas include continental philosophy, Marxism and critical theory, feminism, postmodernism, philosophy of social science, psychoanalysis, multiculturalism, human rights, disability studies, modern Chinese political thought and comparative political theory. Lee has published on a wide range of subjects in these areas, including intercultural pedagogy and the challenges of teaching as a person with multiple minority designations in a Canadian university classroom.

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Sep 15 • 9:11 PM EDT • Business • turnto23.com
Shift in Expectations Ahead for Blazers’ Donovan Clingan

As Portland eyes a playoff return, the mammoth center’s evolution into a high-volume scorer could transform the Blazers' unproven frontcourt into one of the league’s most formidable units.

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Sep 15 • 9:05 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Preston Zachman Breaks Down Indiana Secondary and Learning New Scheme

The veteran safety reveals how high-level communication, quarterback instincts, and Bryant Haines’ versatile scheme are transforming the Hoosiers’ defensive backfield into a disciplined, ball-hawking unit.

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Sep 15 • 9:04 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Press kit: Alaska Airlines unveils its international Business Class Suites experience - Alaska Airlines, Hawaiian Airlines and Horizon Air

Alaska Airlines has debuted its all-new International Business Class, a premium long-haul experience launching this spring as the airline expands to Europe and Asia. The unveiling marks a significant milestone in Alaska’s transformation into the West Coast’s global carrier and Seattle’s new leader in international travel — one that now connects guests to over 900 worldwide destinations through the oneworld alliance. International Premium Class also has an elevated guest experience, including an amenity kit designed in collaboration with Filson.

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Sep 15 • 8:32 PM EDT • Business • news.alaskaair.com
House panel recommends contempt charge for billionaire Leon Black in Epstein probe

The House Oversight Committee has voted to recommend holding billionaire Leon Black in contempt of Congress in the investigation of Jeffrey Epstein

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Sep 15 • 8:16 PM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com
Joint Finance Committee receives updates on tax collections, Rural Health Transformation

CHARLESTON – Members of the West Virginia Legislature’s Joint Standing Committee on Finance were updated Tuesday on the latest regarding general revenue fund tax collections and federal Rural Health Transformation grants on the last day of interim meetings. Department of Revenue Cabinet Secretary Eric Nelson and Deputy Secretary Pete Shirley said gains in the collections […]

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Sep 15 • 8:00 PM EDT • Health • newsandsentinel.com
Fujitsu evolves Uvance business model for AI transformation

Fujitsu Limited today announced the evolution of its Uvance business model to address an era in which AI is fundamentally transforming business and society.

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Sep 15 • 8:00 PM EDT • Business • global.fujitsu
Inside the automotive supply chain: Empirical evidence from Italian business-to-business trade data

Europe’s automotive industry is undergoing a significant transformation. This column uses firm-to-firm data to map the Italian automotive supply chain, covering both direct suppliers and firms connected through indirect linkages. Around 40% of the value added of the supply chain is generated by car manufacturers, with the remaining 60% split between direct suppliers and indirect suppliers. The supplier network is diverse across sectors and regions of Italy, reflecting both agglomeration forces and long-standing patterns of industrial specialisation. It estimates that demand shocks to the automotive sector would propagate through the supply chain and lead to large network multipliers.

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Sep 15 • 7:27 PM EDT • Business • cepr.org
Senate moves forward with college sports bill

The vote was 74-24.

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Sep 15 • 6:49 PM EDT • Sports • axios.com
High-Signal Publisher
College sports bill clears first major hurdle in the Senate

Legislation to broadly regulate college sports has cleared a first major hurdle in the Senate

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Sep 15 • 6:34 PM EDT • Sports • abcnews.com
Greenville named No. 1 in nation for minor league sports

The City of Greenville announced it has been picked as No. 1 in the nation for minor league sports by Sports Business Journal.

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Sep 15 • 6:28 PM EDT • Sports • foxcarolina.com
SAN FRANCISCO HEALTH PLAN EARNS HISTORIC 4.5-STAR RATING IN 2026 NCQA HEALTH PLAN RATINGS

For the first time in its history, San Francisco Health Plan (SFHP) has earned a 4.5-star rating in the 2026 NCQA Health Plan Ratings. NCQA considers health plans earning 4.5 or 5 Stars to be among the highest-rated health plans in the nation. This achievement comes as SFHP prepares to celebrate 30 years of serving San Francisco's most vulnerable communities.

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Sep 15 • 6:00 PM EDT • Health • finance.yahoo.com
Rural Health Transformation Program announces $1.25 million to expand school-based health centers

The North Carolina Rural Health Transformation Program will spend $1.25 million on school-based health centers in rural areas. Gov. Stein and NCDCHHS said this will improve health and academic outcomes for over three million people.

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Sep 15 • 5:30 PM EDT • Health • ednc.org
Sports luminaries Brandi Chastain, Candace Parker to speak at UC Davis symposium

Two of the most celebrated and influential athletes in women’s sports, Olympic gold medalists Brandi Chastain and Candace Parker, will headline an Oct. 4 symposium at the Mondavi Center for the Performing Arts on leadership, resilience and the future of women’s professional sports. Tickets are on sale now.

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Sep 15 • 5:26 PM EDT • Sports • giving.ucdavis.edu
Kern County Public Health & KCSO operation addresses unpermitted Bakersfield food vendors

Kern County Public Health and the Kern County Sheriff's Office issued 13 cease-and-desist orders, 13 citations, and food confiscations during a Bakersfield oper

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Sep 15 • 5:23 PM EDT • Health • bakersfieldnow.com
ECU Health Edgecombe Hospital president retiring after 8 years

The ECU Health Edgecombe Hospital president is retiring on Dec. 12, after serving in the role for eight years.

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Sep 15 • 5:10 PM EDT • Health • witn.com
South Carolina leaders talk to business owners about state’s economic future

The plan they’re calling an Economic Blue Print includes recommendations like a statewide plan to accelerate infrastructure.

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Sep 15 • 5:05 PM EDT • Business • wsoctv.com
Giants Send Four Top Prospects to Arizona Fall League

The San Francisco Giants will send eight total prospects to the Arizona Fall League.

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Sep 15 • 5:00 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Liverpool 3, Tottenham 1: Match Recap: NSFW Goal Seals Win

A look back at the key moments in Liverpool's victory over Spurs in the League Cup.

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Sep 15 • 4:56 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Jason Dirkx and Abby Levine

Jason Dirkx has joined Benesch as Chief Innovation Officer, advancing the transformation of legal service delivery. I

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Sep 15 • 3:51 PM EDT • Business • chicagobusiness.com
S.C. organizations get $167M to help rural health care

South Carolina has been awarded more than $167 million in grants to expand and modernize health care in the state’s rural communities − including several in the CSRA.

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Sep 15 • 3:23 PM EDT • Health • wrdw.com
Massachusetts governor proposes improved postpartum healthcare after Clancy trial

Massachusetts Gov. Maura Healey is proposing free home visits from nurses for every new parent in the state and expanded mental health screenings for new mothers

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Sep 15 • 3:22 PM EDT • Health • abcnews.com
Inside the Soil Health Practices of the David Brandt Farm

Ohio Ag Net’s Allison Kinney is joined by Jay Brandt of the David Brandt Farm to discuss the operation’s long-standing commitment to no-till farming, cover crops and soil health. Brandt shares how decades of conservation practices have transformed the farm’s soils, improved water infiltration and cr

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Sep 15 • 3:18 PM EDT • Health • ocj.com
David Eccles School of Business and Emma Eccles Jones Foundation launch $37 million challenge grant campaign

The five-year effort is anchored by a transformational $15 million challenge grant from the Emma Eccles Jones Foundation.

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Sep 15 • 3:13 PM EDT • Business • attheu.utah.edu
4 thoughts ahead of Wisconsin Badgers clash against Eastern Michigan

The Wisconsin Badgers are days away from kicking off Week 3 against the Eastern Michigan Eagles at home at Camp Randall Stadium. Wisconsin won big against Western Illinois in Week 2 with the 36-9 victory, but the win still left some fans unsatisfied with the team. The Badgers were forced to settle for three field [...]

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Sep 15 • 2:34 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Voghion Launches Trends, a Content Community Connecting Discovery, Entertainment and Shopping

Voghion launched "Trends," a new content community integrating shopping, user-generated videos, creator sharing, and entertainment for product discovery.London, United Kingdom--(Newsfile Corp. - September 15, 2026) - Voghion, a London-based online marketplace, announced the launch of Trends, a new content community within its app that brings together product discovery, user-generated content, creator sharing, short-form video and entertainment.Voghion Launches Trends, a Content Community...

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Sep 15 • 2:21 PM EDT • Entertainment • finance.yahoo.com
NSF advances NSF OPAL toward construction-ready design

The URochester-led NSF OPAL project awarded initial funding to support the final design phase for a world-leading high-power laser facility.

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Sep 15 • 2:18 PM EDT • Science • rochester.edu
NASA Activates Roman’s Primary Instrument, Checks Out Coronagraph

NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope team has successfully activated the Wide Field Instrument, a 300-megapixel infrared camera that will allow scientists

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Sep 15 • 1:59 PM EDT • Science • science.nasa.gov
Donald Sherman testifies on Trump’s foreign business interests and conflicts of interest - CREW | Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington

CREW President Donald Sherman testifies on the impact of Trump’s foreign conflicts of interest and how this corruption harms Americans.

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Sep 15 • 1:56 PM EDT • Business • citizensforethics.org
Karma TMS Marks 20,000 TMS Treatments, Transforming Mental Health Care Across the Coachella Valley and Riverside County

Palm Springs, California--(Newsfile Corp. - September 15, 2026) - Karma TMS PC, a leading provider of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) therapy in Southern California, today announced it has delivered more than 20,000 TMS treatments to patients across the Coachella Valley and Riverside County. The milestone reflects nearly a decade of growth for the practice. It underscores the rising demand for effective, non-invasive, medication-free options for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety,..

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Sep 15 • 1:32 PM EDT • Health • finance.yahoo.com
South Carolina organizations awarded $167M to transform rural healthcare access

Gov. Henry McMaster announced Tuesday that South Carolina has awarded more than $167 million in grants to expand and modernize healthcare in the state’s rural communities.

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Sep 15 • 1:30 PM EDT • Health • wistv.com
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Sports leagues, players associations ask for protections from sports bettors' threats

Five professional sports leagues and their players associations have aligned forces to ask for protections for players and staff who face threats and harassment from sports bettors

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Sep 15 • 1:14 PM EDT • Sports • abcnews.com
SC awards 228 grants with Rural Health Transformation Program funding

Gov. Henry McMaster announced on Tuesday the recipients of the Rural Health Transformation Program funding.South Carolina has awarded 228 grants totaling $167,

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Sep 15 • 12:50 PM EDT • Health • abcnews4.com
DeSantis splits with the state GOP on Amendment 1 and reserve funds

It would increase the amount of money lawmakers can put into a key reserve fund. DeSantis called it a "foolish" proposal.

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Sep 15 • 12:36 PM EDT • Politics • wusf.org
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NoMa neighborhood transforms for annual mural festival: NoMa in Color

Seventeen artists will paint 16 new murals in NoMa from September 11-18, raising the neighborhood's total to 75 large-scale works.

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Sep 15 • 11:59 AM EDT • Business • bizjournals.com
Dangote reveals the business mistake that cost him billions 30 years ago after Chinese and Indian imports left nearly 8,000 workers jobless

Africa’s richest man, Aliko Dangote, has revealed that one of his biggest business mistakes was investing heavily in Nigeria’s textile industry, a venture he eventually abandoned after struggling to compete with imports from China and India

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Sep 15 • 11:47 AM EDT • Business • africa.businessinsider.com
Lane Kiffin Shares Update On Ed Orgeron's Health

It's now Week 3 of the college football season, and the LSU Tigers head into a duanting matchup against the Ole Miss Rebels on the road undefeated. The past tw

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Sep 15 • 11:40 AM EDT • Health • si.com