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How Lionel Messi and Argentina sent the World Cup into a state of sporting nirvana
A fighting underdog spirit and the steely resolve of champions came together to create the highest possible drama.
Temple Health receives $700,000 grant for family support program
Temple Health has received a $700,000 grant to create a first-of-its-kind support program for parents and children during the earliest stages of life.
Right Angle Entertainment Names Todd Rossi as First-Ever VP of Marketing and Revenue
Right Angle Entertainment appointed Todd Rossi to a newly created VP of Marketing and Revenue role, the company's first. Rossi brings over 20 years of live entertainment marketing and revenue strategy experience.
Tech devices in California's new cars create thorny political issues
Devices that record vehicle operational data for state air quality regulators could also violate privacy and be used to tax drivers by the mile.
Wisconsin STEM shuttle program marks 20 years of taking science on the road
The STEM Shuttle, created by retired Wausau teacher Sharon Ryan, is marking its 20th year traveling to schools across Wisconsin. The program grew out of Dream Flight Wausau, a 1990 project Ryan developed while teaching at John Marshall Elementary School in the Wausau School District.
AI just supercharged the race to find room temperature superconductors
Scientists have combined machine learning with quantum physics to discover two new superconductors and create a much faster way to search for many more. The technique could bring researchers significantly closer to the long-sought goal of a room-temperature superconductor.
Which healthcare jobs will AI eliminate? And which will it leave intact—or create from scratch?
The next 10 years will see the technology’s job-replacement rate largely determined by non-technological factors.
Scientists just created the most lifelike cell ever made in a lab — here's what it could accomplish
SpudCell is a new cell-like platform that can feed, grow and divide like a normal cell — but it's not yet a perfect re-creation of the real thing.
AI in the Aisles: Spectrum Business and Advanced Tech Create Happy Shoppers
For Heritage Grocers Group, speed and data aren’t just technical goals – they’re what keep the shelves stocked, lines moving and customers coming back.
Scientists create first man-made cell that can eat and grow
For centuries, humanity has wrestled with a profound question: what truly separates non-living matter from actual, breathing life? We used to think it took a mysterious, magical spark to bridge that g...
James Webb telescope's largest-ever map of the universe unmasks hidden corners
Using the James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have created the most detailed map of the cosmic web ever.
Ferrari just invented a new gearbox for the 12Cilindri that's both manual and automatic
The new Ferrari 12Cilindri Manuale comes with a manual-automatic transmission that's an engineering masterpiece, but there's an elephant in the room
'I know Toure will be really successful'
Bazoumana Toure's positivity translates on to the field. The rapid winger certainly tried to make things happen at Hoffenheim, who narrowly missed out on qualifying for the Champions League last season. Of the forwards playing in the Bundesliga in 2025-26, Toure ranked first for successful crosses (39), joint-second for assists (nine), joint-third for dribbles completed (48) and fourth for chances created (45) and big chances created (11).
ITV sells media and entertainment arm to Sky for £1.6bn
The two broadcasters say the deal will create a strong rival to global streaming giants.
ITV sells media and entertainment arm to Sky for £1.6bn
The two broadcasters say the deal will create a strong rival to global streaming giants.
From shampoo to cookies, consumer products get an AI makeover
French cosmetics company L'Oreal has used AI to identify molecules in its skincare products that can be repurposed for use in shampoo and can now create products four times faster than before, a senior executive told Reuters.
Build the perfect Rams linebacker
If you could create the ideal “signal caller” for the defense, what would he look like?
Democrat Mallory McMorrow suspends her Michigan Senate campaign and scrambles the pivotal race
McMorrow’s exit comes after many Democrats increasingly viewed her as a long shot for the nomination. It also creates a fresh dynamic in one of the country’s most closely watched Senate races.
Virginia Hemp Farmers And Businesses Worry About Changes Included In Newly Passed Marijuana Market Legislation
Legislators want to “change the law that they created, to clearly favor Wall Street corporations over Virginia farmers and small businesses.” By Charlotte Rene Woods, Virginia Mercury A legal cannabis market is set to take effect in Virginia next summer under the final state budget, but Mannassas-based Barbara Biddle has already given notice to her […]
Hear me out, GTA 6's graphics might be too good
Rockstar's next open world looks staggering. But sometimes in gaming, realism can create its own problems.
Prediction market betting would be authorized in NC’s new budget. What it means for sports betting
Tucked into the state budget is a proposal that could have massive implications for how prediction markets operate in North Carolina. Some lawmakers say it’ll create a new revenue stream. Others worry it’ll cost the state millions.
NASA's Vehicle Assembly Building flag was created for a 1976 bicentennial expo
NASA's VAB flag served as a showcase during the 1976 U.S. Bicentennial Exposition on Science and Technology, which was themed "3rd Century America."
Testament to hard work and what it can build: Family business grows at Hanamā‘ulu Shops
Rey’s Auto Repair founder Rey Juan and his family created a welcoming place, where customers feel how much the family cares and values them, local businesses trust them to keep their vehicles moving and the next generation sees the results of sweat, elbow grease and dedication.
Author, mental health advocate Kendall Concini-Moore creates experiences, not just books
“The Cloudy Day Chronicles” picture book series helps parents navigate tough feelings with their children while providing resources to help the conversation continue.
England boss Thomas Tuchel has created World Cup right-back problem ahead of Mexico last-16 game, says Jamie Carragher
Nobel-winning scientist Omar Yaghi joins China’s Tsinghua University from the US
Yaghi hopes to lead team using AI to create materials to tackle global challenges such as carbon neutrality and water shortages.
MSU student group helps foster conversations across the political aisle
MSU Middle Ground is a group that fosters conversation about hot-topic issues with people across the political aisle to create empathy for the other side.
For one small business, AI was key to a quick start and expansion
Here Now Health isn't an AI-based company, but its quick path from an idea in founder Michelle Turner's mind to an operating mental health platform for foster children relied deeply on the technology now restructuring the U.S. economy. Working from her Virginia Beach home, she used AI tools to school herself in startup culture, create a business plan and fine-tune a presentation for early-stage investors. Funding began to flow, and the company, launched in January 2025, now has 16 employees and is certified in three states to provide Medicaid-funded mental health counseling for children entering the foster system, a gap in care she identified through her own experience as a foster parent.
Scientists Have Created The World's First Synthetic Cell, First Ancient Human DNA Recovered From Cave Art, And Much More This Week
All the biggest science news stories of the week.
The science behind fireworks and their brilliant colors
Fireworks displays on Independence Day are created by the combination of different metal salts, which emit light at unique wavelengths to produce vibrant colors.
New HHS agenda targeting antidepressants creates pushback
As the Department of Health and Human Services creates new efforts to limit the overprescription of SSRI drugs, psychiatrists are pushing back.
Firework chemistry: the science behind firework colors
Different chemical compounds create the brilliant reds, blues, greens and golds you see bursting overhead.
2027 Ferrari 12Cilindri Manuale Brings the Stick-Shift Back to Maranello—Kind Of
Ferrari's listened to the market and created a completely new shift- and clutch-by-wire system that promises to be just like the real deal, if not better. Genius or blasphemous?
With ERP.net’s New App Builder, Businesses Can Create Applications Directly Inside Their ERP System
Bulgaria, July 3, 2026 -- European enterprise software company ERP.net has introduced App Builder - a new Agentic AI-native platform that enabl...
Celebrating America's 250th: How business innovations in Memphis shaped daily American life
Innovations created in Memphis and the Mid-South have forever changed American life and culture.
Hochul joins calls for USPS to drop plan tied to Trump’s election order
The order in question seeks to create a federal list of eligible voters and potentially limit who can receive a ballot in the mail.
Liverpool install new Jota memorial
Liverpool have installed a permanent memorial outside Anfield in tribute to Diogo Jota and his brother Andre Silva to mark the first anniversary of their death. The 'Forever 20' memorial, created by renowned sculptor Emma Rodgers, is centrally a flowing heart sculpture, an acknowledgement of the forward's goal celebration. From different angles it also shows the numbers 20 and 30, the brothers' shirt numbers, and includes the lyrics to Jota's song, which has been sung in the 20th minute of every match since his death in a car crash on 3 July 2025.
News: Seiko Creates A One-Off With The Star Time Watch For Shohei Ohtani
✓ Seiko celebrates Shohei Ohtani's 10th anniversary its ambassador with the Star Time ✓ A mechanical watch that tracks up to a million hours ✓
Could Your AI Content Land Your Business In Court?
Generative AI is helping businesses create content faster, but it is also creating new copyright and intellectual property risks that many companies do not understand.
Democratic governors press US Postal Service to drop plan tied to Trump's election order
A group of Democratic governors is asking the U.S. Postal Service to withdraw its proposed rule to comply with an executive order that seeks to create a federal list of eligible voters, including those eligible to receive a ballot by mail
Scientists make quantum time flow backward in stunning physics breakthrough
Researchers have created quantum control techniques that can make a system appear to run backward in time. By precisely managing quantum measurements, they can reshape the system's arrow of time and even harvest energy from the measurement process itself. The breakthrough could lead to more powerful quantum computers, quantum batteries, and other advanced technologies.
The Week in Business: Congress Is About to Kill the Hemp Industry It Created
This week’s top stories from Twin Cities Business.
Health officials warn July Fourth fireworks and extreme heat could be dangerous nationwide
Health officials are urging caution ahead of the July Fourth holiday, warning that fireworks and extreme heat could create dangerous conditions.
Stem cell scientists engineer 'synthetic organizer' cells to improve kidney organoids
In a study published in Science, USC researchers paired a biological discovery with an engineering feat to create more faithful, reproducible lab-grown kidney structures from stem cells, known as organoids.
Meet Meta's new vibe-coding app: Pocket
Pocket is a new app from Meta that lets you create and share interactive content, like mini games, with friends. It's powered by Meta's AI.
Meet Meta's new vibe-coding app: Pocket
Pocket is a new app from Meta that lets you create and share interactive content, like mini games, with friends. It's powered by Meta's AI.
Tv host and life coach Karamo Brown creates mental health app
Karamo Brown joins Eyewitness News Mornings @ 10 to talk about his new mental health app Kē by Karamo.
Computer science society creates new research integrity role to address case backlog
AndreyPopov/iStock Over the last five years, the Association for Computing Machinery has been dealing with a rapid rise in allegations of research misconduct that have created a backlog of cases to…
Inaugural Memorial Hillbilly Skydivers Boogie Convention and Blues Festival set
HUNTINGTON — This year, the organizers of the Appalachian Blues Festival and the West Virginia Skydivers Association have joined together to create a new event called the Memorial Hillbilly Boogie
Matt Miller's serious car accident has sparked scrutiny over his business dealings
Last week's shocking news that ESPN draft analyst Matt Miller was involved in a serious car accident that resulted in the amputation of his left arm, along with other significant injuries, prompted an outpouring of support for him — both with words and, after his family created a GoFundMe effort, money.
Operations workforce powers ORNL’s autonomous science future
Behind every self-driving laboratory at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a team people most never see. Facilities and Operations workers are building and maintaining the infrastructure that makes autonomous science possible. More than a dozen self-driving labs operate at ORNL, placing the Tennessee national lab among the first research institutions in the world to create this autonomous laboratory model at scale.
Urbanowski: Teamwork amplifies arts, culture and entertainment
THE ARTS WILL PLAY IN 2026! is a cooperative marketing program created to enhance San Jose’s branding and economy through the promotion of arts and cultural events and activities.
CHAMP Initiative Combines Climate Science and Storytelling to Address Urban Heat
As summer temperatures climb, so does the risk of extreme heat—now recognized by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the leading cause of weather-related deaths in the United States. In cities such as Camden, where buildings, pavement, and other infrastructure trap heat and create higher temperatures than surrounding areas, understanding the impacts of urban […]
Draw down of Pineview Reservoir creates recreation, business concerns
Pineview Reservoir will be significantly drawn down towards the end of this summer as Ogden city prepares to replace part of an aging water pipeline, despite concerns from small businesses.
SpudCell: Scientists Made a Cell With Most of the Hallmarks of Life. Here’s What to Know.
From why it was created to whether it’s alive, here’s what to know about SpudCell, the latest advance in synthetic biology.
This Cell Feeds, Grows and Reproduces. And It’s Manmade.
From chemical building blocks, scientists have created synthetic cells that have most of the hallmarks of life.
Scientists reveal what really happens when water is trapped in tiny spaces
A decades-old puzzle about water has finally been unraveled. Researchers found that water trapped in tiny nanoscale spaces is not inherently more reactive. Instead, the intense pressures created inside these microscopic gaps explain most of the effect, while the surrounding material can further enhance water's chemistry if it interacts with the reaction products.
Scientists recreated a dinosaur nest and solved a 70-million-year-old mystery
A team of researchers recreated a life-size oviraptor nest to investigate how these bird-like dinosaurs incubated their eggs millions of years ago. By combining physical experiments with heat transfer simulations, they discovered that oviraptors likely relied on both their own body heat and warmth from the sun.
Anti-Muslim politics is not patriotic
What did the Declaration mean when it said we’re all created equal?
North Dakota opens wellness equipment funding opportunity for rural hospitals | Health and Human Services North Dakota
From fitness and recovery equipment to mindfulness tools and wellness spaces that help reduce burnout, North Dakota Health and Human Services (HHS) is investing in the health and well-being of rural healthcare workers through a new funding opportunity for rural hospitals.Applications are now open for the Hospital Wellness Equipment funding opportunity through the North Dakota Rural Health Transformation Program (RHTP), providing resources to help rural North Dakota hospitals create healthier workplaces and support the physical, mental and emotional well-being of their workforce.
Google's new Nano Banana 2 Lite image model is its fastest and cheapest yet
They may not look as good, but Nano Banana 2 Lite images only take a few seconds to create.
Acti puts AI agents directly into your smartphone keyboard
Startup Acti is betting the smartphone keyboard is the next home for AI assistants. Its new keyboard for iOS and Android works across apps and lets users create custom AI-powered shortcuts using natural language.
Jim Cramer: Honeywell’s Aerospace Business Is the “New Aerospace Play” Investors Need
Jim Cramer recently spotlighted Honeywell Aerospace (NASDAQ:HONA) on a Mad Dash segment, the newly independent aerospace company created after Honeywell Technologies (NASDAQ:HON) completed its spinoff on June 29, 2026. Cramer says he plans to own both Honeywell Aerospace and Honeywell Technologies in his charitable trust. His argument for the new Honeywell Aerospace business is straightforward: ... Jim Cramer: Honeywell’s Aerospace Business Is the “New Aerospace Play” Investors Need
Stein creates bipartisan commission to address rising North Carolina health care costs
Gov. Josh Stein signed an executive order Tuesday creating a bipartisan commission to recommend ways to lower health care costs, improve transparency and expand access to care across North Carolina.
How the Improved Shell App Drives Business Success
The app creates a unified experience to support ‘future growth across the retail network.’
Leading Colorado toward modern mental health solutions
By Sean Camacho America is facing a silent crisis. Millions of Americans are living with invisible illnesses like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which decrease quality of life and, amid limited treatment options, create a vicious cycle of endless medications and, for many people, hopeless therapies. This […]
Live Results: Colorado midterm primaries
The Democratic gubernatorial primary between U.S. Sen. Michael Bennet and state Attorney General Phil Weiser will not only determine who might lead Colorado, but it could also create an opening in the closely divided U.S. Senate.
Gemini's personalized AI image generation is now free for U.S. users
Google is expanding Gemini’s personalized AI image generation to eligible free users in the U.S., allowing the chatbot to create images based on your interests and data from connected Google apps.
Contest announce: Put your horse race sponsor in the trailer
Create a sponsor for the Hippodrome races and have it featured in the trailer for the DLC
BYU-Idaho Launches BYUI Live! as New Name for Campus Entertainment
From chart-topping bands and Broadway stars to comedians and inspirational performers, live entertainment has become a valued part of the BYU-Idaho experience. Brigham Young University-Idaho is pleased to announce the rebranding of its long-running Center Stage series as BYUI Live!—a new name that reflects the university's vision to create memorable live entertainment experiences that bring BYU-Idaho students and the surrounding community together.
CVC Capital Partners to Buy Ingredients Business Irca From Advent
Irca creates more than 7,000 products and serves customers in more than 100 countries and CVC said it would support the next phase of the company’s growth.
Why scientists fear we're missing evidence of extraterrestrial life
Scientists are raising concerns that we may be overlooking evidence of extraterrestrial life even when it is present. Hidden biosignatures, limitations in detection technology, and assumptions about what life should look like can all create dangerous false negatives. The researchers say future missions should focus not only on finding life, but also on understanding how signs of life could be missed.
Talawar Therapeutics and JATT II Acquisition Corp. Announce Definitive Business Combination Agreement to Create Publicly Listed Biotechnology Company Developing Potentially Best-in-Class Bispecifics for I&I Diseases
Oversubscribed $225 million concurrent private investment in public equity ("PIPE") with available cash to the combined company at closing anticipated to fund...
BT and Verizon Agree to Merge Global Business Ventures
Verizon CEO Dan Schulman says the joint venture will create an “AI-ready and secure” platform with a combined annual revenue of US$4bn
After 40 years in Congress, Nancy Pelosi to help create institute to train leaders of the future
The former House speaker plans to help create an institute at UC Berkeley that will concentrate on civic engagement and research
How Trey Hendrickson changes the math for Ravens defense
Trey Hendrickson gives the Ravens a proven edge closer, helping Baltimore create pressure without blitzing while easing the burden on young pass rushers.
BT and Verizon to create joint global business in $625m deal
UK telecoms group’s 50/50 venture ends more than 18-month search for a buyer of its international operations
BT and Verizon to create new international business in $625mn deal
New 50:50 venture will be milestone in UK group’s strategy of refocusing on its domestic operations
AI scientist company Edison Scientific tapped by team behind Metsera to create new biotechs
Edison Scientific and investment firm Population Health Partners are teaming up to leverage AI agents in drug discovery and development.
Meteor streaks across skies, causes bright flash Sunday morning
Early risers across southeast Louisiana were treated to quite a sight on Sunday morning when a brilliant flash of light streaked across the pre-dawn sky. Around 5:00 a.m., Storm Station viewers reported seeing what looked like a large, vibrant green ball with fire trailing behind it followed by a bright flash. When small space rocks (meteoroids) slam into Earth's atmosphere at high speeds, they create the light streaks we call shooting stars
Slate is betting Americans want less car for less money
Slate unveiled the starting price for its tiny, electric pickup truck this week. It's betting that today's overly techy cars created a white space.
Community Market Series creates space to support small business
A new market in Boardman is hoping to bring the community together to help support small, local businesses.
Yellowstone’s supervolcano may be fueled by something unexpected
Scientists have uncovered a new explanation for what powers Yellowstone and other supervolcanoes. Instead of a deep plume rising from near Earth’s core, a broad “mantle wind” may push hot rock beneath Yellowstone, generating magma closer to the surface. This process helps create a massive underground magma network and may explain how supervolcanoes remain active for long periods.
Scientists discover what triggers belly fat as we age
Aging may trigger the appearance of specialized stem cells that supercharge the body's ability to create new belly fat. The discovery reveals a potential biological driver of middle-age weight gain and a promising target for future anti-obesity treatments.
Illinois 250: What we’ve invented, innovated, created and manufactured
Illinois builds things. We invent and innovate, too — everything from the Pullman car to plastic party cups.
How PENN’s US$360 Million Aurora Resort Shift At PENN Entertainment (PENN) Has Changed Its Investment Story
PENN Entertainment has opened the US$360 million Hollywood Casino and Hotel Aurora, replacing its former Fox River riverboat with a 388,500-square-foot, 24/7 land-based resort featuring over 1,000 slots, 50 table games, a sportsbook, 226-room hotel, spa, event center, and extensive dining options. The Aurora project, which created around 700 permanent roles and mirrors PENN’s broader shift into higher-amenity land-based properties, highlights how the company is reinvesting heavily to refresh...
Scientists stunned by signs of ancient life in a place no one expected
Scientists exploring ancient seafloor rocks in Morocco discovered mysterious wrinkle patterns where they were never expected to occur. These structures are normally linked to microbial mats in shallow, sunlit waters, yet the rocks formed hundreds of feet below the surface in darkness. Evidence indicates that chemosynthetic microbes created the wrinkles, revealing that deep-ocean microbial ecosystems may have been more widespread than previously thought.
NTT DATA | Transforming Data Into Exceptional Fan Experience
We worked with Penske Automotive Group to create a mobile application to amplify the fan experience and make the iconic Indianapolis Motor Speedway a smart venue through NTT Smart Solutions.
Online retailer John's Crazy Socks relocates to Huntington in effort to turn around business
The company's core mission is to create employment opportunities for people who face barriers to work because of disabilities.
Real Madrid’s summer spending spree creates unexpected Champions League problem
Real Madrid have been one of the busiest clubs in the transfer market, but their impressive recruitment spree may have created a technical issue.Notably, Jose Mourinho has already welcomed four new si...
Generative artificial intelligence creates delicious, sustainable, and nutritious burgers
npj Science of Food - Generative artificial intelligence creates delicious, sustainable, and nutritious burgers
AI designs the ideal burger for taste, health, and planet
Stanford researchers developed an AI tool that creates novel burger recipes optimized for individual preferences. The implications for science go well beyond food.
Serious statin side effects on muscles are extremely rare, new research confirms
Scientists created a new tool to help doctors predict a patient’s risk of severe muscle problems from taking a statin.
Golden State Valkyries employee named in Sports Business Journal's Forty under 40 list
The Golden State Valkyries have created a winning culture on and off the court. After making WNBA history last season becoming the first expansion team to reach the playoffs, the success is also extending throughout the organization.
Making Our Own Luck
We are cross-posting a piece that former NIH official Kris Willis wrote for Macroscience. Kris is now the President and Founder of the Woodley Park Institute, for which I’m a board member. Picking winners or hedging bets? Federal science agencies have long wrestled with the question of how to ensure their billions of dollars of grants and contracts result in maximum benefits for Americans. On the surface, it might seem that a goal-oriented, interventionist style of management would be the best policy: prioritize our most pressing problems and distribute funding accordingly.This top-down strategy creates a unique hazard, though: bad choices can send resources in the wrong direction, resulting in slow progress that impedes the delivery of tangible benefits to citizens. Moreover, if decision makers pursue an applied advance when the underlying scientific principles remain poorly understood, they risk costly failures and a loss of support for the research enterprise at large. Examples include Nixon’s 1971 War on Cancer, undertaken on the premise that a cure could be achieved in less than a decade, the drive to build an operational commercial fusion plant by the mid-1990s, and the National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease, which failed to produce the effective treatments and prevention strategies promised by 2025. The contrasting laissez-faire approach is to hedge your bets. If the path to an advance is impossible to predict, then the wisest choice might be to distribute funding to as widely as possible. The main risk of this strategy is that spreading funding thinly may limit the resources available to the most promising research, resulting in the same negative outcomes as the interventionist approach: limited support for the most promising topics, slow progress, and delayed returns. In reality, at science agencies like the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health, program managers navigate between these two extremes, setting some funds aside to target high-priority areas and using the rest to cover the widest possible range of meritorious proposals. This middle path seems like the most rational way to proceed, but it still requires making choices. How much should be set aside for high priority topics? What should those topics be? How should we define merit? Expert opinion can provide a helpful guide, but leading experts can have remarkably different opinions about what matters and what should be prioritized. Moreover, experts and administrators alike can be risk averse, giving an edge to high-profile, well-established concepts. What’s really needed is a data-driven framework to help guide decision-making, one that doesn’t simply repackage prestige or incumbency. Recognizing breakthroughs years in advance Many breakthroughs fail to attract funding or recognition at the earliest stages of development. Katalin Karikó, for example, spent years struggling to win grants for work on mRNA that would eventually win her and Drew Weissman a Nobel Prize. Similar stories can be told about Jim Allison’s groundbreaking studies leading to the development of cancer immunotherapy, Stan Pruisner’s demonstration that prions can self-replicate without DNA, or Robin Warren and Barry Marshall’s proof that Helicobacter pylori, not stress, causes ulcers. Yet at some point, the scientific community recognizes and responds to transformative breakthroughs like these. How does that change happen? And what if science funders could identify the areas that are on the cusp of a breakthrough? Those questions led my collaborators and me to study how scientists responded to past breakthroughs. Based on patterns in that data, we developed a means of predicting future breakthroughs, using biomedicine as a proof of concept. It’s worth taking a moment to describe how our approach works. Briefly, our prediction process begins by grouping the 18 million or so peer-reviewed papers in PubMed, the authoritative database of biomedical research, into roughly 50,000 unique topics. A small subset of these topics are so widely acclaimed as breakthroughs that they have been recognized with a major prize like a Nobel or a Lasker Award. We theorized that studying the development of these outliers over time, especially before they gained acclaim, was the key to identifying future instances of them. After defining topics, we chose 21 representative breakthroughs and asked what they looked like before they won prestigious prizes. To answer that question, we re-ran our topic-mapping algorithm repeatedly, winding back the clock one year each time, stringing together the years to follow the progress of each field as it grew and advanced. We found that in each case, the years leading up to a discovery followed a pattern: a burst of papers on a new, rapidly evolving topic, many of which quickly became influential. These characteristics—the percent of papers that are new, the percentage of papers that are brought in from other topics, and the influence of each individual paper—can all be measured separately for any given topic. Together, they act as a predictive signal that is detectable an average of five years before a transformative discovery is made, and up to thirty years before the discovery receives a major prize. Scanning the current research landscape for topics that display this signal allows us to predict what work will likely produce a future breakthrough. Each year we analyzed includes four or five signals, a number that appears to have remained constant across a twenty year time frame. In their classic work on the sociology of science, Bruno Latour and Steve Woolgar established that the desire to participate in a major discovery is an important motivator for scientists as they consider whether they should take up (or abandon) a research problem. Although further work is needed, the simplest explanation for our results is that this behavior is widespread enough to detect at scale. A foundational advance, or something like it, draws the attention of scientists and causes them to change the direction of their research. They vote with their feet, staking their own reputation and careers by publishing on and citing the new idea. That upswell of interest is the foundation of our breakthrough signal. What kind of research does our model identify as a breakthrough? After building a model based on the patterns in our 21 preselected breakthroughs, we tested it by identifying all early signals of discovery from 1994 through 1997. Of the 18 signals we found in that time period, 17 can be traced forward in time to a breakthrough. Examples include super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (see the image above), the directed evolution of proteins and enzymes (Chemistry Nobel, 2018), and sequencing the human genome (National Medal of Science, 2008). The discovery of the role of leptin signaling in obesity is a particularly interesting case study. Around 1950, scientists noticed the existence of a type of lab mouse that suffered from a unique inherited form of obesity. When given the freedom to choose their own diet, these mice ate more than normal and preferred food that was high in fat. Researchers had few clues as to why the animals overate; early experiments pointed to the existence of a soluble ob factor found circulating in the bloodstream that regulated appetite, but its identity was unknown. In 1994, Jeffrey Friedman and colleagues identified and sequenced the ob gene, noting that the protein it encoded appeared to fit the profile of a circulating factor. A year later, a trio of high-profile publications demonstrated that ob was a hormone that regulated body weight and fat deposition by regulating appetite. One of these was co-authored by Friedman, who christened it leptin from the ancient Greek word for thin. Using our model, the data from 1996 make it clear this advance would become a breakthrough. Scientists had flocked to study the biology of the new hormone, generating the flurry of new papers and citations required to produce a signal. One of these demonstrated that serum leptin concentrations reflected the amount of adipose tissue in the human body, providing clinical validation of the earlier mouse studies. Before the identification of leptin, scientists were unable to point to a specific molecule that controlled appetite and adiposity, so that it was impossible to rule out non-physiological causes of obesity; its characterization fundamentally changed our concept of weight gain. In 2010, Friedman and fellow pioneer Douglas Coleman were awarded a Lasker for the discovery. Our work also identifies breakthroughs in clinical practice and behavioral and social sciences, even though these areas are less likely to draw the attention of major prize committees. One example that falls into this category is the introduction of endovascular aneurysm repair, a minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm, a leading cause of death among Americans over the age of 65. Relative to the previous standard of care, it reduces in-hospital mortality by almost four-fold. In 2017, Timothy Chuter received the American College of Surgeons’ prestigious Jacobsen Innovation award for his multiple refinements to the technique. Another under-recognized breakthrough identified by our model is the development of standardized survey instruments to assess the quality of life for HIV+ patients. The antiretroviral cocktails introduced in the mid-1990s reduced AIDS mortality, but treatment came with serious side effects. The new evaluations showed that patients whose disease progressed had worse physical functioning than Americans with other chronic diseases, while those who were asymptomatic maintained a health-related quality of life on par with the overall US population. This evidence made it possible for patients and activists to argue that even in the absence of a total cure, and in spite of the side effects, alleviation of symptoms was a worthwhile priority for clinicians. My colleagues and I have failed to identify any significant recognition for the physicians and health policy experts who pioneered this advance, although in 2016, researchers called for the World Health Organization to set targets for good health-related quality of life as part of its framework to end the AIDS pandemic. From forecasting to funding How should science funders use our predictions? Any serious discussion of what we should do with this new capability needs to begin with an understanding of its limitations. We can’t (and shouldn’t) invest all of our resources in the small number of topics predicted to produce breakthroughs. Innovative new fields are born from existing ones; they rarely arise de novo. If funders don’t maintain a diverse portfolio, the breakthroughs of tomorrow will have no antecedents. Think of this as eating the seed corn, or killing the goose that lays the golden egg. There are also multiple goals of funding beyond basic scientific discovery, including translating discoveries into clinical practice, developing new technologies, supporting economic development, and training new scientists. The investments needed to accomplish these goals are likely different from those required to support emerging breakthroughs. Finally, we must be aware that we may not capture every instance of a breakthrough. The concept is fuzzy, and not every significant discovery is recognized with a major award. Further, breakthroughs are rare, meaning that our dataset is, by necessity, small. This makes formal estimates of accuracy challenging. Although our overall success rate appears to be high, any one signal may turn out to be a false positive. We found one apparent example: the development of the third generation COX-2 inhibitors, Vioxx and Celebrex, which were much celebrated in the early 2000s as effective but non-addictive pain relievers, meets all the algorithmic criteria of a breakthrough. Five years after it received FDA approval, researchers demonstrated that Vioxx was associated with serious cardiovascular complications, and the manufacturer voluntarily pulled the drug from the market. Celebrex remains available, although like other NSAIDs, it carries an FDA warning for increased cardiovascular risk. Decision makers who were overly focused on the breakthrough potential of this research might have wasted substantial resources nurturing an area that ultimately proved to be a failure—but so would those who relied on expert opinion at the time. That said, the potential benefits of funding the next mRNA vaccine or cancer immunotherapy years earlier than we might have are large. When we can’t assume the outcome of an action, it’s worth conducting an experiment. Can targeted support for areas that are poised to produce a breakthrough increase the return on scientific investment without cannibalizing future advances? With the necessary administrative infrastructure in place, conducting this experiment would be straightforward. First, identify all the breakthrough signals between 2018 and 2023, select half at random, and commit to a decade of investment. For biomedicine, a six year window should yield about 30 topics with the potential to produce a breakthrough. Providing strong support to half of these might be accomplished for $300 million a year. That’s roughly half of the recent annual budget of the NIH Common Fund or around 20% of the fiscal year 2025 budget for ARPA-H. After five years, then again at ten, compare to see which group — the one that was actively managed, or the control — produced more breakthroughs, and on what timescale. Although we used biomedicine as an example, the same experiment could just as well be run for physics, materials science, or any other discipline. Any attempt to undertake such an experiment should keep three points top of mind. First, we can predict the topic of future breakthroughs, but the people and vision for how to move the work forward are still important. In practice, this means success requires active program managers with the expertise to develop the science and the authority to do so, including by recruiting investigators. Second, we would be wise to learn from the failures of past attempts to fund transformative research. High among these are funding modestly repackaged work, confusing the genuinely novel with the merely unfamiliar, and relying too much on incumbent investigators. All of these risks can be mitigated by thoroughly and intelligently integrating high quality data into portfolio management. Finally, we need to have patience. Even with strong funding support, producing a breakthrough takes time. If supporting breakthroughs is the best way to nurture the birth of new fields, we also need to accurately describe and properly manage the other two stages, so that we invest wisely throughout the productive lifetime of ideas and divest once they reach the point of diminishing returns. We would benefit from more study of all of these phases, especially the transition from one to another. More research could answer questions like: When does a breakthrough become an established field? How do the availability of funding, the size and characteristics of the available workforce, and the accumulation of evidence that disagrees with prevailing models affect a field’s decline? Exactly how do old ideas give birth to new ones, and can we speed up the process? The more we understand about the dynamics of scientific progress, the better we can maximize the odds that our curiosity leads to results. I’d call that finding a way to make our own luck.
YouTube Shorts player adding Clear Screen mode & 2x playback, removes dislike
YouTube today announced a number of updates to the Shorts player meant to “create a more intuitive Shorts experience.”
Judge halts Trump's election executive order seeking to create voter list
Her ruling applies to this year's midterm election cycle
Federal judge halts Trump’s election executive order seeking to create a federal voter list
It was the second ruling in as many days against executive orders Trump has signed seeking oversight of the nation's elections.
Another look at carrots and eyesight; how to get more fiber; why mosquitoes bite some people and not others; plus other stories with Vanderbilt Health sources
AARP reporter Stacey Colino interviewed Milam Brantley, MD, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, in 2020 for a story about whether eating carrots can improve vision. Sacramento Bee reporter Samantha Agate has now used Brantley’s comments in an AI-curated story created by content specialists on the same topic that has been picked up by MSN and others. Prevention magazine interviewed Heidi Silver, RD, PhD, Founding Director of the Vanderbilt Diet, Body Composition, and Human Metabolism Core, for a story about the importance of fiber and how people can get more of it in their diet. William Schaffner, MD, Professor of Preventive Medicine, was quoted by several news outlets about public health issues, including: Women’s Health (tick bites and alpha-gal syndrome); The Washington Post (tetanus); and Healthline (why mosquitoes prefer to bite some people and leave others alone). A visit to Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt by some Banana Ball baseball players was covered by The Tennessean and WZTV Fox 17 News, and The Tennessean’s story was also picked up by Yahoo! Sports. Clarksville Now published a story written by the Montgomery County Economic Development Team, whointerviewed Bradley Stancombe, MD, professor of Clinical Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Neonatology, about the new energy of Vanderbilt Clarksville Hospital and how the facility is recruiting physicians. Healio Allergy/Asthma group editorial director Richard Gawel interviewed Mark Rolfsen, MD, Clinical Fellow in the Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, for a story about his presentation at the American Thoracic Society meeting on metal health outcomes following ICU discharge. Nashville Scene reporter Hannah Herner interviewed James Crowe, MD, Director of the Vanderbilt Center for Antibody Therapeutics, for a story about his efforts to prepare for the next pandemic by isolating antibodies that can neutralize dangerous viruses. Medscape reporter Kathleen Doheny interviewed Neesha Choma, Associate Chief of Staff of Vanderbilt University Hospital, for a story about how hospitals can reduce readmissions.