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Ye offers to meet Jewish community as his right to enter UK for festival is put under review
i e bipolar-disorder antisemitism politics fairs-and-festivals world-news general-news entertainment | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
A good point but not enough for Pompey's survival
BBC Radio Solent's Andrew Moon on the 2-2 draw between Portsmouth and Oxford and the impact on the Championship relegation battle.
Taylor Frankie Paul faces protective order hearing in Utah after 'Bachelorette' cancellation
f a e n indictments business courts religion u-s-news general-news entertainment | KNSS Radio
Rapper Offset shot in Florida, spokesperson says he is stable
a e n law-enforcement hip-hop-and-rap entertainment shootings u-s-news general-news | NewsRadio 1080 KRLD
Medicare delays prior authorization pilot program for key interventional radiology service
CMS officially announced the move on April 6, with it applying to the Wasteful and Inappropriate Service Reduction (WISeR) Model.
Health Law Navigator: The Compliance Department vs. The Machines: A Playbook for Using AI
In 2026, health care facilities are under relentless pressure to use AI. From diagnostic algorithms that outperform radiologists to predictive
From book bans to basement makeovers: 10 win I Love My Librarian Award for making a difference
e education-funding health censorship entertainment | WBBM Newsradio 780 AM & 105.9 FM
Savannah Guthrie back at 'Today' anchor desk for the first time since her mother's disappearance
a e n television entertainment u-s-news general-news | KYW Newsradio
Savannah Guthrie back at 'Today' anchor desk for the first time since her mother's disappearance
a e n television entertainment u-s-news general-news | KNSS Radio
The inside scoop of UWW-TV sports
Sports coverage has never been limited to one format. It varies from written recaps to watching highlights or listening on the radio. Providing these services is important for engagement within a community, and it has been proven with Whitewater being an example of growth and connection through sports. Students and locals can tune into media...
Savannah Guthrie returns to 'Today' for the first time since her mother's disappearance
a e n business entertainment u-s-news general-news | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
Bridging Political Divides: How faith can help find common ground
About 80% of American adults believe our political divides run so deep that we cannot even agree on basic facts, according to the Pew Research Center. But some Utah leaders say faith is helping them to find the common ground needed to bridge those political divides and find a new path forward.
Pressure mounts on Ye to be pulled from his headline role at a summer festival in London
l i e antisemitism business concerts hip-hop-and-rap entertainment fairs-and-festivals world-news general-news lifestyle religion | KNSS Radio
Pressure mounts on Ye to be pulled from his headline role at a summer festival in London
l i e antisemitism business concerts hip-hop-and-rap entertainment fairs-and-festivals world-news general-news lifestyle religion | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
It’s-a-hit: ‘The Super Mario Galaxy Movie’ box office blasts off with $372.5 million globally
a e n media-and-entertainment-industry entertainment movies u-s-news general-news | KNSS Radio
Tori Spelling and 4 of her kids hospitalized after car hit by driver who was allegedly speeding
Tori Spelling and four of her kids were hospitalized after her car was hit by a driver who was allegedly speeding and ran a red light.
Carey and Brian Hamilton recognized in new Health Science Education Center
The atrium of the new Health Science Education Center II will be named in honor of Carey and Brian Hamilton in recognition of their generous support of the Univ
Eulogy for the CIA Factbook: The free standard for world facts, long an educational staple, is gone
a e iran-war military-and-defense politics washington-news general-news u-s-news entertainment world-news | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
How Graham Platner is using trivia games and happy hours to help power his Maine Senate campaign
a p n military-and-defense tattoos-and-piercings politics elections u-s-news general-news washington-news | NewsRadio 1080 KRLD
How Graham Platner is using trivia games and happy hours to help power his Maine Senate campaign
a p n military-and-defense tattoos-and-piercings politics elections u-s-news general-news washington-news | WBBM Newsradio 780 AM & 105.9 FM
Canada's Artemis II astronaut gives thumbs-up to 'Project Hail Mary' starring Canadian Ryan Gosling
a e movies entertainment science | KNSS Radio
This Week in Politics: Early voting starts this week in New Jersey's special congressional election | WNYC | New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News
The political world is paying close attention to a race to fill Governor Sherrill's vacated congressional seat.
Ye attempts a comeback with sold-out LA-area concert, support from Lauryn Hill
e grammy-awards music race-and-ethnicity antisemitism entertainment | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
The Rise of Socialism: Washington business owners slam new ‘millionaires tax’
Washington shop owners, talk show radio host Arri Hoffman and a local democratic socialist, Rep. Shaun Scott, discuss the impact of the state’s new “millionaires tax” and how socialist economic policy is impacting local business.
OpenAI isn’t just buying a podcast
OpenAI’s out-of-the-blue acquisition of TBPN, the buzzy online talk show, stunned the worlds of media and technology. But it’s a continuation of a pattern that dates back a hundred years, to 1926, when RCA created NBC in part to sell radios.
Former Turnstile guitarist is accused of hitting an ex-bandmate's dad with his car
a e n law-enforcement assault general-news grammy-awards homicide courts crime music entertainment u-s-news | NewsRadio 1080 KRLD
Stay tuned, Cincinnati: WKRP is coming to town, N.C. station's director says
The call sign, made famous by a TV sitcom that ran 1978-82, will be transferred by the Raleigh station that acquired it more than a decade ago.
The Entertainment Report: ‘The Super Mario Galaxy Movie,’ Blake Lively, and the White Sox
Cindy Pearlman Gaber, senior writer for the New York Times and entertainment columnist for the Las Vegas Review-Journal, joins Bob Sirott to discuss movies to watch this weekend, an update on Blake…
Certain radiology subspecialties less likely to score promotions than others
In particular, rads working in breast imaging and pediatrics appear to score the lowest rates of career advancement, experts write in Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology.
'Like two heavyweights throwing haymakers at each other'
Thirty years on from Liverpool beating Newcastle 4-3 in one of the Premier League's greatest ever matches, former Reds player Jason McAteer, former Magpies defender Steve Howey, the Anfield Wrap's Ian Ryan and the Athletic's George Caulkin join Alistair Bruce-Ball on BBC Radio 5 Live's Football Daily to reflect on a true classic. "A game like that kind of takes a life of its own", recalled McAteer.
Multi-million project improves access to rural health care at Central New York hospital
Community Memorial Hospital in Hamilton has completed a $31.5 million dollar project to renovate its emergency department, add a new radiology suite, and create 10 private patient spaces with ICU d…
BJ Novak to host PEN America gala on May 14 at the American Museum of Natural History
a e n censorship books-and-literature u-s-news general-news entertainment | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
BJ Novak to host PEN America gala on May 14 at the American Museum of Natural History
a e n censorship books-and-literature u-s-news general-news entertainment | KNSS Radio
Recent billing code changes wreaking havoc for radiation oncologists, new survey finds
“This is a financial emergency for our practice,” one physician says, according to a new survey from the American Society for Radiation Oncology.
Private equity-backed teleradiology group continues to grow through acquisition
The Miami-area imaging outfit has reached a deal to buy Global Imaging Solutions, a “leading” teleradiology group that handles about 350,000 reads annually.
Interventional radiology vendor Merit Medical to acquire rival for $140M
The Utah-based company plans to merge with View Point Medical, which manufactures the OneMark Detection Imaging System.
Around the MHS
The latest news from around the Military Health System for the week of March 30-April 3, 2026, includes a new system offering service members access to their environmental and occupational exposure data, artificial intelligence curriculum for radiology residents, and a health care partnership that’s improving access to care for service members and veterans.
'Bob's Burgers' actor Eugene Mirman rescued from fiery crash by New Hampshire governor's detail
a e n animation-and-comics children-s-entertainment comedy law-enforcement automotive-accidents celebrity general-news accidents u-s-news entertainment | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
Going to Bat: Small business initiative returns for 2026
The Official Site of Minor League Baseball web site includes features, news, rosters, statistics, schedules, teams, live game radio broadcasts, and video clips.
Bruce Springsteen brings 'Streets of Minneapolis' home as he launches US tour with 'War'
a e p n democracy politics iran-war immigration u-s-news general-news entertainment | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
Citing First Amendment, federal judge blocks Trump order to end funding for NPR and PBS
f w e n politics journalism public-media business entertainment washington-news general-news | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
Bruce Springsteen brings 'Streets of Minneapolis' home to launch a political US tour
a e p n terrorism politics immigration u-s-news general-news entertainment | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
The Entertainment Report: ‘Kennedy,’ Kim Novak, and ‘Outlander’
Cindy Pearlman Gaber, senior writer for the New York Times and entertainment columnist for the Las Vegas Review-Journal, joins Bob Sirott to talk about Netflix’s new project “Kennedy,&#…
'Spurs should have bought De Zerbi in back in February'
Former England captain Steph Houghton and ex-Wales skipper Ashley Williams discuss how quickly Roberto de Zerbi's impact could be seen at Tottenham on BBC Radio 5 Live's Monday Night Club. "Results show Spurs are in a mess," said Houghton.
Eurovision Song Contest is expanding with an Asian edition later this year
i e israel-hamas-war music entertainment eurovision-song-contest world-news general-news | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
Eurovision Song Contest is expanding with an Asian edition later this year
i e israel-hamas-war music entertainment eurovision-song-contest world-news general-news | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
Bruce Springsteen brings 'Streets of Minneapolis' home to launch a political US tour
a e p n terrorism politics immigration u-s-news general-news entertainment | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
As 'The Book of Mormon' on Broadway celebrates its 15th anniversary, meet the last original actor
e musicals entertainment theater | Talk Radio 1210 WPHT
Zendaya teases bridal-themed fashion with something old, new, borrowed ... and soon, blue?
l e weddings fashion entertainment lifestyle | KNSS Radio
Tudor exit 'inevitable' after Forest loss
Former Tottenham Hotspur goalkeeper Brad Friedel, speaking to BBC Radio 5 Live's Football Daily podcast about Igor Tudor's departure: "After the Nottingham Forest game [which Spurs lost 3-0 on 22 March] - although I hate seeing this merry-go-round of managers - I thought it was inevitable." The long-term solution and building can't take place until you know whether you're building from the Championship or the Premier League.
Alaska politics + Winston College of Law + Blotter ++
In Alaska, when politicians talk about the NPR, it’s not National Public Radio. It’s the National Petroleum Reserve. And on March 18, 2026, Alaska’s Republican senators, Lisa Murkowski and Dan Sullivan, issued a press release taking credit for the “most successful oil and gas lease sale ever held in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A).” It […]
UCLA's first dean for Health AI Strategy and Innovation takes office
“The creation of an associate dean in AI speaks to the fact that AI has become central to research, education and clinical operations in the health care system."
UCLA's first dean for Health AI Strategy and Innovation takes office
“The creation of an associate dean in AI speaks to the fact that AI has become central to research, education and clinical operations in the health care system."
Duke radio announcer called for technical foul on UConn after game-winner
Duke play-by-play announcer David Shumate said a technical foul should have been called on Malachi Smith, who allegedly ran onto the court from bench.
Navigating the social media minefield
Scientists and researchers seeking to announce promising findings, exchange ideas or contribute to policy discussions outside of academic circles may find social media an expedient tool.But increasingly, scientists and other professionals are discovering that online platforms can be a double-edged sword: while sharing their work and expertise is crucial for visibility and meeting funder expectations, it also exposes them to baseless criticism and even accusations of spreading false information."It is getting harder and harder for scientists, and researchers in general, to convey their findings without facing attacks on their legitimacy and accuracy of their research," says Valère Ndior, a professor of public law at the University of Western Brittany in Brest, France, who has spent more than a decade studying misinformation on social media. Researchers attempting to challenge deceptive online information may themselves be accused of political bias or not being objective in their research, he explains, adding that some scientists disengage because they feel overwhelmed and unable to sustain meaningful dialogue. "It is quite sad to see in some instances that researchers end up leaving social media altogether because they feel like the pressure is getting too intense or feel threatened," he says.Ndior, a past president of the Francophone Network of International Law, is also involved in European efforts to make science and research findings more accessible to the public. As an ambassador for the Science Comes to Town (SCTT) project, he has participated in recent discussions on public perceptions of science and online misinformation. The European Commission-funded initiative connects Brest and two other cities — Kiel in Germany and Split in Croatia — and aims to strengthen ties between communities, universities and research institutions to promote science awareness and cooperation across Europe.Coordinated campaigns around contentious topicsNdior draws a clear distinction between critical thinking and thoughtless criticism. Yet he sees online discussions being increasingly shaped by suspicious behaviour and coordinated information campaigns — including "raids" aimed at dominating discussions and "astroturfing," where small groups act as larger movements to sway debates. Tracking these patterns has become harder because some platforms have restricted data or charge for it, despite provisions of the European Union's Digital Securities Act aimed at ensuring researchers can have access to such data. According to Ndior, "platforms became more reluctant from the moment access to data became a legal requirement rather than a voluntary initiative."Unfounded claims and scepticism about science existed long before Internet chat groups. But the noticeable rise in online hostility has intensified around contentious topics, such as the coronavirus pandemic and climate change, alongside the weakening of gatekeepers to moderate content.For Ndior, dubious claims about pandemic countermeasures and vaccine safety highlighted the struggle between "balancing freedom of expression and the protection of public health and order." Efforts to remove social media content deemed false or risky for public health triggered accusations of censorship and the silencing of legitimate discussion, and in some cases, legal challenges.Concerns about attacks on the credibility of scientists and researchers have generated a flurry of academic papers in recent years and prompted professional communities to address ways to counter online attacks. Such unease extends to the generation that has grown up with digital media. Ndior points out that his students, some of whom research artificial intelligence regulation, hate speech, online surveillance and other controversial topics, hesitate to share their work or viewpoints online. "Many of them don't want to expose themselves too much because they don't feel ready to be faced with the backlash of other people criticising their research," he explains.Safer harbours for engagementLegal challenges against false or defamatory posts are not necessarily a solution — especially given the trans-jurisdictional nature of the Internet. Lawsuits also take time and money, and if they fail, can be counterproductive. Instead, Ndior advises scientists and researchers to be selective in how and where they communicate. Professional online platforms and moderated discussion spaces offer a better environment for engagement. He also highlights the value of more traditional formats, such as radio interviews and in-person discussions at schools, libraries and science fairs, which encourage dialogue with the public. "Personal contact makes a big difference," he says, while acknowledging that these approaches lack the global reach of social media.Ndior’s interest in digital law and online misinformation stems from his time as a doctoral student in international law in the early days of social media. He began analysing posts from governments and heads of state to determine if they could be considered official and thus used as evidence in litigation. His work attracted media attention and led to conference and speaking invitations. "This was not part of my plan," he says, "but this is what happens as a researcher — your interest is sparked by a certain event or phenomenon, and it suddenly becomes your focus."Ndior believes SCTT provides "a double benefit" for researchers, enabling them to connect with peers and interact with the public. "There is a wide community of people who are not in academia who are critical thinkers looking for opportunities to ask questions, to get information and contribute their ideas,” he says. "I really value that kind of feedback."Science|Business, which connects policymakers, academics and industry through its news reporting, analysis and events, is an SCTT partner.
Navigating the social media minefield
Scientists and researchers seeking to announce promising findings, exchange ideas or contribute to policy discussions outside of academic circles may find social media an expedient tool.But increasingly, scientists and other professionals are discovering that online platforms can be a double-edged sword: while sharing their work and expertise is crucial for visibility and meeting funder expectations, it also exposes them to baseless criticism and even accusations of spreading false information."It is getting harder and harder for scientists, and researchers in general, to convey their findings without facing attacks on their legitimacy and accuracy of their research," says Valère Ndior, a professor of public law at the University of Western Brittany in Brest, France, who has spent more than a decade studying misinformation on social media. Researchers attempting to challenge deceptive online information may themselves be accused of political bias or not being objective in their research, he explains, adding that some scientists disengage because they feel overwhelmed and unable to sustain meaningful dialogue. "It is quite sad to see in some instances that researchers end up leaving social media altogether because they feel like the pressure is getting too intense or feel threatened," he says.Ndior, a past president of the Francophone Network of International Law, is also involved in European efforts to make science and research findings more accessible to the public. As an ambassador for the Science Comes to Town (SCTT) project, he has participated in recent discussions on public perceptions of science and online misinformation. The European Commission-funded initiative connects Brest and two other cities — Kiel in Germany and Split in Croatia — and aims to strengthen ties between communities, universities and research institutions to promote science awareness and cooperation across Europe.Coordinated campaigns around contentious topicsNdior draws a clear distinction between critical thinking and thoughtless criticism. Yet he sees online discussions being increasingly shaped by suspicious behaviour and coordinated information campaigns — including "raids" aimed at dominating discussions and "astroturfing," where small groups act as larger movements to sway debates. Tracking these patterns has become harder because some platforms have restricted data or charge for it, despite provisions of the European Union's Digital Securities Act aimed at ensuring researchers can have access to such data. According to Ndior, "platforms became more reluctant from the moment access to data became a legal requirement rather than a voluntary initiative."Unfounded claims and scepticism about science existed long before Internet chat groups. But the noticeable rise in online hostility has intensified around contentious topics, such as the coronavirus pandemic and climate change, alongside the weakening of gatekeepers to moderate content.For Ndior, dubious claims about pandemic countermeasures and vaccine safety highlighted the struggle between "balancing freedom of expression and the protection of public health and order." Efforts to remove social media content deemed false or risky for public health triggered accusations of censorship and the silencing of legitimate discussion, and in some cases, legal challenges.Concerns about attacks on the credibility of scientists and researchers have generated a flurry of academic papers in recent years and prompted professional communities to address ways to counter online attacks. Such unease extends to the generation that has grown up with digital media. Ndior points out that his students, some of whom research artificial intelligence regulation, hate speech, online surveillance and other controversial topics, hesitate to share their work or viewpoints online. "Many of them don't want to expose themselves too much because they don't feel ready to be faced with the backlash of other people criticising their research," he explains.Safer harbours for engagementLegal challenges against false or defamatory posts are not necessarily a solution — especially given the trans-jurisdictional nature of the Internet. Lawsuits also take time and money, and if they fail, can be counterproductive. Instead, Ndior advises scientists and researchers to be selective in how and where they communicate. Professional online platforms and moderated discussion spaces offer a better environment for engagement. He also highlights the value of more traditional formats, such as radio interviews and in-person discussions at schools, libraries and science fairs, which encourage dialogue with the public. "Personal contact makes a big difference," he says, while acknowledging that these approaches lack the global reach of social media.Ndior’s interest in digital law and online misinformation stems from his time as a doctoral student in international law in the early days of social media. He began analysing posts from governments and heads of state to determine if they could be considered official and thus used as evidence in litigation. His work attracted media attention and led to conference and speaking invitations. "This was not part of my plan," he says, "but this is what happens as a researcher — your interest is sparked by a certain event or phenomenon, and it suddenly becomes your focus."Ndior believes SCTT provides "a double benefit" for researchers, enabling them to connect with peers and interact with the public. "There is a wide community of people who are not in academia who are critical thinkers looking for opportunities to ask questions, to get information and contribute their ideas,” he says. "I really value that kind of feedback."Science|Business, which connects policymakers, academics and industry through its news reporting, analysis and events, is an SCTT partner.
Entertainment Bill on Move in State Legislature
A House bill being considered to allow for the designations of entertainment districts in Osage Beach and Chesterfield appears to be on the move in the state Senate. Sponsored by the 123rd district…
Actor James Tolkan of 'Top Gun' and 'Back to the Future' fame dies at 94
a e n celebrity entertainment u-s-news general-news | WBBM Newsradio 780 AM & 105.9 FM
Actor James Tolkan of 'Top Gun' and 'Back to the Future' fame dies at 94
a e n entertainment celebrity u-s-news general-news | KNSS Radio
Actor James Tolkan of 'Top Gun' and 'Back to the Future' fame dies at 94
a e n movies entertainment celebrity u-s-news general-news | WBBM Newsradio 780 AM & 105.9 FM
Actor James Tolkan of 'Top Gun' and 'Back to the Future' fame dies at 94
a e n movies entertainment celebrity u-s-news general-news | Newsradio 1140 WRVA
Dodgers notes: Charley Steiner, Shohei Ohtani, Andy Pages
LOS ANGELES — Charley Steiner returned to the Dodgers broadcast booth on Thursday, calling the first three innings of the opening day game against the Arizona Diamondbacks on radio. Steiner has battled health issues in recent years, including multiple myeloma and a back injury that made it difficult to walk. His workload for this season […]
New York City and Dr. Phil’s son resolve dispute over NYPD reality show
a e n general-news television media-and-entertainment-industry law-enforcement lawsuits u-s-news entertainment | NewsRadio 1080 KRLD
UK Sports Network Coverage of Kentucky Softball vs Georgia
Listen to UK Sports Network Radio Cover
Musician who canceled Kennedy Center holiday performance asks for suit to be dismissed
w e courts legal-proceedings lawsuits general-news entertainment u-s-news washington-news | WBBM Newsradio 780 AM & 105.9 FM
The Entertainment Report: Paul McCartney, C2E2, and ‘Project Hail Mary’
Cindy Pearlman Gaber, senior writer for the New York Times and entertainment columnist for the Las Vegas Review-Journal, joins Bob Sirott to talk about movies to see this weekend, HallmarkR…
Young Iowans compete for $300K in scholarships at state science fair
Hundreds of middle and high school students from across Iowa are fielding questions from judges, entering the second and final day of the State Science and Technology Fair of Iowa, underway at Iowa State University. Fair director Alexa Groff says the competition is gathering Iowa’s best and brightest students to showcase their most creative ideas […]
Taylor Swift thanks fiancé Travis Kelce at the 2026 iHeartRadio Music Awards for making her ‘very happy and confident and free’
Taylor Swift thanked fiancé Travis Kelce at the 2026 iHeartRadio Music Awards for making her ‘very happy and confident and free.’
‘Science Friday’ Host Ira Flatow to Share Health and Wellness Discoveries on April 23
Are ultramarathoners built differently from the rest of us? What can Greenland sharks teach us about aging eyes? As the longtime host of the popular public radio program and podcast Science Friday, Ira Flatow explores questions like these during engaging discussions on topics ranging from science and technology to health, space and the environment.
Political commentary on religious radio, and what listeners think about it
Most religious radio listeners say keeping up with news and politics isn't a major reason they tune in. Still, some stations have a heavy focus on political commentary.
Radio, TV, newspaper, digital: Women in regional media
Worcester Magazine's annual Women Making History special feature focuses on movers, shapers and thinkers in the region's news and entertainment media.
‘Girlypop Politics’ takes civics education to the airwaves
The host of the Salem-area radio segment aims to demystify how local government works, and encourages listeners to get involved
How to make emergency rooms safer for people with dementia
In today's Morning Rounds newsletter: A federal vaccine adviser departs ACIP, adults turn to AI chatbots for health info, and radiologists sift through deepfake X-rays.
Health Rounds: Fake X-rays created by AI fool radiologists and even AI itself
Fake X-ray images created by artificial intelligence to resemble true results from human patients can fool not only experienced radiologists but also the AI tools themselves, according to a study that illustrates the potential for manipulation by bad actors.
Imaging manufacturer Guerbet faces financial challenges following recent FDA warning
Regulators recently scolded the France-based pharmaceutical firm for safety issues that occurred at its plant in Raleigh, North Carolina, which produces imaging contrast agents.
Wisconsin passes legislation requiring insurers to cover supplemental breast imaging
Dubbed "Gail's Law" after a breast cancer care advocate, the passage follows years of advocacy from radiologists and patients.
FDA clears portable photon-counting CT scanner
The system is designed for point-of-care settings such as outpatient offices, sports medicine practices and urgent care clinics.
Cabin Fever Reliever combines expo and entertainment
Two Harbors Community Radio is bringing back its Cabin Fever Reliever event this Sunday, March 29, at the high school.
From radio to newsreels to Netflix, Yankees chart course through entertainment history
For more than a century, the Yankees have been more than a baseball team. The sport’s most storied franchise is a pop culture touchstone, a versatile backdrop that serves as both a symbol of excellence and a punchline across television, movies and more. So as the Yankees prepare to break
Seattle Sports This Week: TV and radio for March 23-29
A look at the broadcast schedule for March 16-22 on Seattle Sports 710 AM and the Seattle Sports app, as well as local sports teams on TV.
Your Thymus and Your Healthspan
Our thymus gland plays a central role in the development or our immune system, specifically for supporting T cell development (how these cells got their name, maturation and differentiation in the thymus) and discriminating between self and foreign, non-self antigen proteins with production of dendritic cells. As we age, our thymus gland shrinks—the process known as involution—with progressive change from spongy to fatty tissue, with loss of functionality. But this process, with respect to timeline and extent, markedly varies from one person to the next. And to make things even more complicated, our thymus gland anatomy and precise location in the chest also is highly variable. So the famous Frank Netter diagrams from the 1960s (such as at left below) don’t capture the remarkable heterogeneity that a random set of 12 chest CT scans (below at right). What I consider as 2 landmark papers in Nature this week (here and here) used AI to quantify health of the thymus in 2 large cohorts, and then correlate the metric to a broad array of health outcomes. In this edition of Ground Truths, I’m going to cover three questions: (1) How was thymus health determined by AI?; (2) How is thymus health linked to key clinical outcomes? and (3) Are there ways we can promote a healthy (aka rejuvenate) thymus gland in our later years? Subscribe 1. How was thymus health determined by AI? This was accomplished by extensive work developing and validating an AI pipeline for 2 stages, the first for localization and segmentation of the thymus bed, and the second to quantify a digital marker, termed the thymic health score. There’s a lot to this algorithmic development, so I won’t go into all the details, but just provide a rudimentary outline of what was done. The 1st stage used supervised learning with 2 radiologists reviewing 2,461 chest CT scans. That work trained a 3D U-Net model to automatically identify the thymic bed’s 3D cropped region using center of mass coordinates, which reached 99.8% accuracy. The 2nd stage used a foundation model that was pre-trained with SwAV (which stands for Swapping Assignment between multiple Views), a self-supervised model, that generated a high-dimensional thymus representation of 4,096 features. That compares to the radiology reductionist and subjective scoring of 0 to 3 where 0 means the thymus is fully degenerated and fatty, and 3 is considered dense, intact glandular soft tissue. Notably, the self-supervised learning (SSL) performance was superior to supervised (AUC ~0.75 vs 0.55, respectively) reflecting the shallowness of the 0-3 classifier vs SSL’s holistic, self-taught AI. The thymic health score ranged from 0 to 100, with the highest number indexed to fully preserved thymic health. The algorithmic work extended to explainability with both Shapely value distribution, meaning the model was holistic not relying on any “magic” pixel, and occlusion sensitivity, demonstrating the model’s performance was not affected by ribs, sternum, lung tissue, but rather focused on the thymic bed directly. Below are a few saliency maps from the occlusion sensitivity that indicate the thymic bed focus, not affected by neighboring structures, using the jet color scale. Now the AI was ready for processing ~25,000 CT scans, each over 30 MB files, from the 2 large participant cohorts to provide a thymic health score, it did so in less than 14 hours, which is less than 2 seconds per scan! Share 2. How is thymus health linked to key clinical outcomes? The two cohorts were the National Lung Screening Trial, NLST (N=25,031) and the Framingham Heart Study, FHS (N=2,581) each with baseline demographics and long term follow up of >12 years for health outcomes. From the NSLT, you can see below that increased age and body-mass index were correlated to reduced thymic health. And, overall, men had reduced thymic health scores compared with women. There are a lot of graphs in the paper for outcomes, for both the NLST and FHS cohorts. To simplify the major outcomes, below is a composite Figure with striking reduction of all-cause mortality and for the different causes of death. The results were consistent between the 2 cohorts. For example, the cardiovascular mortality hazard ratio average was 0.57 in NLST and 0.38 in FHS (weighted to be 0.53 for the aggregate). The reduction of mortality also extended to digestive diseases and pulmonary disease (data not shown below). Lung cancer incidence was reduced by 36% for high vs low thymic health (Figure below, with a panel -incidence and b panel-mortality, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status). Notably, there was a smoker’s paradox: lower incidence and improved survival for lung cancer in smokers who had a high thymus health score. Smoking was associated with lower thymic scores whereas alcohol was not. Higher thymic health was linked to higher HDL cholesterol, lower triglycerides, lower fasting blood glucose, and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Inflammation biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, were elevated in the people with lower thymic health scores. In their second paper, the same team looked at the relationship between thymic score and outcomes for 3,476 patients receiving cancer immunotherapy. The non-small cell lung cancer progression-free survival was reduced in patients with low thymic health score. A parallel relationship for survival was seen for other types of cancer including melanoma, breast, and kidney with a 44% lower risk among high thymic scores (Figure). A similar pattern was seen with different immune checkpoint inhibitors. The thymus health score outperformed programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)and tumor mutation burden (TMB) assay of the tumor and was an independent prognostic marker of progression-free survival. In this dataset, a direct connect with thymus score and adaptive immune function was noted with a correlation before cancer treatment for both T-cell diversity and thymus T-cell production (a metric known as T cell receptor excision circles). Thymus Removal Study There is a highly relevant citation about thymus function before moving onto ways to rejuvenate it. In 2023, a very important study of thymus removal during cardiothoracic surgery was published, with 1146 patients undergoing thymus removal vs 1146 matched controls (mean age 55 years). The adverse outcomes for thymus removal were striking, with a 2.9 higher risk of all-cause mortality and doubling of cancer incidence, 1.5 fold increase in cancer mortality, and 1.5-fold increase in autoimmune diseases. The immune function showed marked compromise after thymus removal, as reflected by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Figure below) Share Ground Truths 3. Are there ways we can promote a healthy (aka rejuvenate) thymus gland in our later years? In recent months we’ve learned a lot about the process of thymus involution and the pathways by which this may be modulated. Thymus involution is primarily due to loss to thymus epithelial cells (TECs) and there are 2 subtypes with different functions: the cortical, responsible for positive selection of T cells, and the medullary, for negative selection. When adipose tissue infiltrates the thymus, thymic adipocytes are pro-inflammatory, knocking out T-cell output. Likewise, systemic inflammation, or “inflammaging,” from smoking, obesity, and chronic stress promote thymic adipocytes. Now, from preclinical studies, we know about key pathways that account for these processes. Historically, back in 2014, FOXN1 was recognized as a single master transcription factor essential for TEC function, with studies in mice with forced FOXN1 upregulation leading to thymus regeneration. That laid the foundation for potential regrowth of quiescent thymus cells. It took awhile to find pathways to accomplish this goal and to even refute its role as the master regulator. The Liver-Thymus Axis Feng Zhang and his team recently showed that injection of an mRNA vaccine to the liver encoding DLL1, IL-7 and FLT3-L in combination, factors known to support thymopoiesis (Figure), successfully enhanced immune function in aged mice. However, the effect was transient. The FGF21 Story Two reports in 2025 addressed the thymus gland’s production of FGF21, a growth factor (fibroblast growth factor 21) and its control of thymus involution. This growth factor is also produced by the liver, but it doesn’t have impact on the thymus in aged rodent models. In contrast, The liver’s hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to reverse senescent TEC structural changes. Growth hormone stimulates production of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the liver and the thymus. Two small studies in human participants (TRIIM, for Thymus Regeneration, Immunorestoration, and Insulin Mitigation) of 6 and 50 people, respectively, treated with combined human growth hormone, metformin and DHEA, suggested the potential of slowing epigenetic aging and improving thymus mass and function. But the combination of drugs, small sample, and lack of controls make conclusions murky. Increased thymus FGF21 led to increased CD8 T cells in old mice and extended healthspan and improved physical performance. Building on the previous FOXN1 data, ablation of β-klotho, the obligatory co-receptor for FOXN1, accelerated thymic aging. The benefit to FGF21 was confirmed in a companion paper using an FGF21 knock-in mouse model showing thymus enlargement and increased TECs throughout the lifespan. (schematic Figure below). The accompanying editorial for these 2 papers speculated: “The proposed link between age-associated thymus involution and organismal aging is intriguing, and suggests we might seek to achieve systemic rejuvenation by counteracting thymic involution.” Other Factors Lessons from the Axolotl (Mexican Salamander) In an elegant set of experiments of the axolotl (Figure), known for its complete thymus regeneration after total surgical removal, mediators were identified. Surprisingly FOXN1 was dispensable. But midkine, a growth factor, appeared to be the driver, the initiator of thymus cell growth, survival, and repair. Other components that contributed were Postn+ (periostin-expressing mesenchymal niches) and Ccl19, a chemokine protein from the bloodstream. RANK and RANKL RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB its ligand (RANKL) have been considered key regulators of medullary TECs. In a study of both aged mice and human thymus cell cultures, their key role was confirmed, with multiple benefits of resorting TEC function, recruitment of progenitor cells, and T cell development. Subscribe Summing Up This body of work strongly supports the health of the thymus gland as a critical regulator of human healthspan, not just a correlate or link. The new landmark studies are reinforced by the regenerative biology experimental models that have shown, via an array of mediators, that healthspan of aged mice is at least in part dependent on thymus gland function and its critical role for maintaining adaptive immunity. It sure seems that we’d be better off having an immune reservoir of naive T cells instead of a profile in older adults of exhausted, low quality, memory T cells, with a senescent phenotype. It is striking that we ignored the importance of the thymus gland for many decades. A wake-up call was the results of the thymectomy matched control study reviewed here, with the opposite of high thymic health score improved health outcomes. The convergence of AI and healthspan here is notable. The exceptional and laborious work for developing and validating (no less explaining) the AI to quantify thymus health set the foundation for probing the connect the major health outcomes in two cohorts with extensive follow-up. We’ve never had a way to meaningfully quantify the thymus gland before, so this represents important leverage of supervised, self-supervised, and transformer models. The study wouldn’t have been possible without AI. And it begs the question as to whether there are ways we can maintain our thymus at a high health score. But it’s not so simple to rejuvenate our thymus. There are multiple risks including the induction of autoimmunity, increasing the risk of cancer, and inducing a pro-inflammatory state. For example, factors that increase TEC proliferation could compromise the medulllary negative selection process and leak out auto-reactive (self-attacking) T cells. Thymic cells could be induced to proliferate, but we know, for example, that growth hormone and IGF-1 are associated with an increase risk of cancer. If thymus rejuvenation doesn’t clear out the accumulated senescent cells in older adults, then inflammation within the gland could block the production of TECs. Keeping these risks in mind, we now have identified many ways to keep our thymus healthy as we age that undoubtedly will be tested in clinical trials going forward. Ultimately, the benefit-to-risk tradeoffs will be defined. In the meantime, we have desperately needed an immunome. As I’ve stressed in multiple prior Ground Truths, we have no test in the clinic to assess a patient’s immune status! It was very encouraging for me to get an email from Hugo Aerts, the senior author of the landmark papers in the days after they were published: “I also wanted to say that your Substack on “Why We Need an Immunome” was inspiring for this work. We found it a very compelling perspective and greatly enjoyed reading it.” Just having an assessment of a person’s immune status via a chest CT scan, with millions of these performed per year, might help in guiding the right immunotherapy for cancer (e.g. more intensive, combinations for those with low thymic health scores) and help define people who are increased risk for age-related diseases of cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative. The main theme of Super Agers is that we now have many layers of data (genetics, proteins, biomarkers, organ clocks that can be integrated via multimodal AI) for us to define a person’s specific risk decades before one of these age-related diseases leads to symptoms, enabling prevention. From the new studies this week, we can add thymus health score as yet another way to understand a person’s risk, a window into their adaptive immune system and healthspan. And perhaps someday we will be able to safely rejuvenate the thymus, or maintain its health through one’s life, and use the thymus health score to monitor. NB: I wrote this post (No A.I.) A Quick Poll Loading... ********************************************************************* Thanks to Ground Truths subscribers (now > 200,000) from every US state and 212 countries. Your subscription to these free essays and podcasts makes my work in putting them together worthwhile. Please join! If you found this interesting PLEASE share it! Share Ground Truths Paid subscriptions are voluntary and all proceeds from them go to support Scripps Research. They do allow for posting comments and questions, which I do my best to respond to. Please don’t hesitate to post comments and give me feedback. Let me know topics that you would like to see covered. Leave a comment Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund our summer internship programs for the past two years. It enabled us to accept and support 47 summer interns in 2025! We aim to accept even more of the several thousand who will apply for summer 2026.
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