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Trump says Iran can 'take out' LA or San Diego during political rally

President Donald Trump faces backlash for saying Iran could 'take out' Los Angeles and San Diego as a 'small price to pay' during Nebraska rally. (Source: POOL)

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Oct 6 • 7:59 AM EDT • Politics • fox5vegas.com
FT and Standard Chartered Book of the Year Award 2026

Contenders include titles on weight-loss drugs, AI weaponry and forecasting

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Oct 6 • 7:20 AM EDT • Technology • ft.com
FT and Standard Chartered Book of the Year Award 2026

Contenders include titles on weight-loss drugs, AI weaponry and forecasting

ft.com logo
Oct 6 • 7:20 AM EDT • Business • ft.com
Health dept. honors Miller-Moore

She's provided 30 years of leadership on health board

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Oct 6 • 7:00 AM EDT • Health • sanduskyregister.com
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Bluevine adds Coverdash business insurance to banking platform

Jersey City-based Bluevine has added Coverdash-powered commercial insurance options to its digital banking platform for small businesses.

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Oct 6 • 6:44 AM EDT • Business • roi-nj.com
L’Equipe investigation claims Elliott influenced Lille while owning Milan

Milan’s links with Lille during the Elliott Management era are back under scrutiny after a front-page investigation in L’Equipe.According to the French paper, via MilanNews24, chats and emails sei...

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Oct 6 • 6:25 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
At $2,000 off, this TV could be the best deal of Amazon Prime Day — but should you buy it?

Everything you need to know before pulling the trigger on one of Prime Day's biggest TV deals.

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Oct 6 • 6:01 AM EDT • Technology • tech.yahoo.com
Is Earth in danger if Betelgeuse goes supernova? | BBC Sky at Night Magazine

Betelgeuse, the red giant that form's Orion's shoulder, could go supernova soon. But what will happen and is Earth in danger when it does?

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Oct 6 • 5:44 AM EDT • Science • skyatnightmagazine.com
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From Secret Health Care Prices to Too Much Information

How a seven-year initiative to make health care pricing info more public has fallen short of expectations

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Oct 6 • 5:41 AM EDT • Health • ldi.upenn.edu
Analysis | With Kamala Harris, Democrats face a conundrum

There is considerable admiration for the former vice president, but also some reservations if she runs again.

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Oct 6 • 5:25 AM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com
3 science-backed ways to help your brain clear out waste

If the brain’s plumbing doesn’t work properly, research shows, cellular garbage accumulates, and a cleaner brain may be a healthier one.

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Oct 6 • 5:00 AM EDT • Science • washingtonpost.com
GOP is at risk of significant state legislative losses, Post analysis finds

Democrats have a rare chance to boost their state presences after years of Republican gains.

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Oct 6 • 5:00 AM EDT • Politics • washingtonpost.com
Kenya confirms first Ebola case imported from Congo after patient dies in Nairobi

Kenya’s Health Ministry has confirmed the country’s first imported Ebola case from Congo

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Oct 6 • 4:49 AM EDT • Health • washingtonpost.com
How Starlink became the crown jewel of Elon Musk's business empire

From the front lines of Ukraine to the remote Pacific, the world is increasingly reliant on Starlink.

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Oct 6 • 4:15 AM EDT • Business • businessinsider.com
🙂 Positive (50%)
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • 1011now.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • kktv.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • wdbj7.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • kcrg.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • wcax.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • kttc.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • hawaiinewsnow.com
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • live5news.com
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Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

kptv.com logo
Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • kptv.com
😐 Neutral (25%)
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • wsmv.com
😐 Neutral (25%)
Las Vegas Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old dies in shooting

Advocates call for youth spaces after deadly First Friday shooting

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Oct 6 • 2:23 AM EDT • Business • fox5vegas.com
😐 Neutral (25%)
NFL Panic Meter: Eagles offense, Lions defense are big problems for 2 marquee NFC teams
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Oct 6 • 1:41 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Liverpool behind in race for £100m Andoni Iraola favourite

Liverpool have started the season well, but they are still some way from competing on all fronts. Andoni Iraola has his side looking increasingly confident on the pitch, but problems with the midfield...

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Oct 6 • 1:35 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
☹️ Negative (-40%)
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

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Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • newschannel10.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

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Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • kktv.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

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Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • kltv.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

wcax.com logo
Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • wcax.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

1011now.com logo
Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • 1011now.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

fox5vegas.com logo
Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • fox5vegas.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

wdbj7.com logo
Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • wdbj7.com
Arts District business pushes for safe space for teens after 15-year-old’s shooting death at First F

Experts say the shooting death of a teenager in the Arts District is shining a light on the growing issue of youth violence.

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Oct 6 • 1:29 AM EDT • Business • kptv.com
Eagles flying to London for game vs. Jaguars on Friday, leaving little time to adjust after Rams' issues in Australia
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Oct 6 • 12:44 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
The politics of losing sleep

There is still a class divide when it comes to work that tramples over your body clock

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Oct 6 • 12:00 AM EDT • Politics • ft.com
Baptist Health restores IT systems following server outage

Baptist Health-Central Alabama said Monday its IT systems have been restored after a server outage knocked its systems offline last week.

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Oct 5 • 9:34 PM EDT • Health • wsfa.com
Brian Greene stops teaching Frontiers of Science after more than a decade

Brian Greene, a prominent theoretical physicist and popular science commentator, has stopped teaching Frontiers of Science, according to the course’s fall 2026 syllabus reviewed by Spectator.

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Oct 5 • 8:00 PM EDT • Science • columbiaspectator.com
UW Health offers tips to ease symptoms after breast cancer treatment

UW Health offers tips to ease symptoms after breast cancer treatment

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Oct 5 • 7:24 PM EDT • Health • wsaw.com
Portage Co. Health and Human Services announces free flu shot clinic for kids

Portage Co. Health and Human Services announces free flu shot clinic for kids

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Oct 5 • 7:23 PM EDT • Health • wsaw.com
Report: Kris Draper Takes Over Red Wings Pro Scouting

Kris Draper takes over pro scouting as the Red Wings front office shuffle continues. #RedWings

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Oct 5 • 6:56 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
1 killed, 2 injured when car crashes into Santa Fe Springs business

One person died and two people were injured when a car crashed into a business Monday afternoon in Santa Fe Springs. The crash was reported at about 2:30 p.m. near Telegraph Road and Slauson Avenue in the community about 15 miles southeast of downtown Los Angeles. Details about what led to the crash into the front of the building, possible…

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Oct 5 • 6:26 PM EDT • Business • nbclosangeles.com
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Health officials confirm case of dengue fever locally-acquired in Broward County

Officials in Broward County have confirmed a case of dengue fever.

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Oct 5 • 5:33 PM EDT • Health • local10.com
Orlando Science Center returns with themed laser shows on Oct. 10

Orlando Science Center returns with Cosmic Concerts on Oct. 10, featuring laser tributes to Led Zeppelin and Elton John.

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Oct 5 • 5:29 PM EDT • Science • wftv.com
How AI is adding to health care affordability concerns

AI was touted as a way to improve efficiency in health care. But in the short run, it's adding to cost pressures.

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Oct 5 • 5:19 PM EDT • Health • wpintelligence.washingtonpost.com
College football has never been more chaotic — and its fans are losing their minds because of it
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Oct 5 • 5:12 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
SUV crashes into Winchester business

The vehicle accidentally went through the front door of Melanie’s Premium Outlet on Bypass Road, according to a social media post by the business.

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Oct 5 • 5:12 PM EDT • Business • wkyt.com
Meal Plan

The restaurant business is hard, but are too many restaurants making it harder?

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Oct 5 • 4:43 PM EDT • Business • tcbmag.com
Ted Cruz Says JD Vance’s ‘Political Bomb-Throwing’ Shows He’s ‘Insecure’ Ahead of 2028 Election

While Vice President JD Vance might have been floated as a potential frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2028 election, Senator Ted Cruz is doing his part to keep the party’s...

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Oct 5 • 4:10 PM EDT • Politics • yahoo.com
Northwestern Stadium Developer: Seats Empty Because Fans Watched From Concourse

The 35,000-seat stadium was officially sold out in its first game.

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Oct 5 • 3:55 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Sen. Tillis says his vote for Hegseth was 'biggest regret of my career' in new book

Republican Sen. Thom Tillis says in a new book that his deciding vote to confirm Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth in January 2025 is the “biggest regret of my career” and that he also “should’ve stopped” Robert F. Kennedy Jr. from becoming Health and Human Services secretary in the early days of President Donald Trump’s second term.

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Oct 5 • 3:40 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
🙂 Positive (35%)
Kasson-based non-profit hosting mental health fair, documentary screenings today

The fair will take place at Austin High School.

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Oct 5 • 3:37 PM EDT • Health • kttc.com
🙂 Positive (43%)
SUV crashes through front door of Winchester business

Melanie's Premium Outlet in Winchester is temporarily closed. The owners of the business say an SUV crashed into its front door Monday morning.

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Oct 5 • 3:28 PM EDT • Business • lex18.com
WATCH LIVE: Winner of the 2026 Nobel Prize in physics is …
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Oct 5 • 3:09 PM EDT • Science • pbs.org
WATCH: Trump administration issues final rule on transparency in healthcare coverage
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Oct 5 • 2:50 PM EDT • Health • pbs.org
WATCH: Trump administration issues final rule on transparency in healthcare coverage
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Oct 5 • 2:50 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Ohio Democrats’ path to governor’s office runs through rural areas that have turned against party

Democrats say their nominee for governor in Ohio, Dr. Amy Acton, represents the party’s best chance in years to win that office.

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Oct 5 • 2:47 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
After redistricting, a Black community in Louisiana faces a future without a champion in Congress

Scotlandville is a predominantly Black community in Louisiana, that's facing challenges in its political representation. Residents fear losing a representative who understands their struggles.

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Oct 5 • 2:06 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Dave Portnoy on Fox ‘Big Noon’ Exit: Ryan Day Thinks I ‘Doxxed’ Him

Portnoy tells FOS that Ohio State pushed for his removal.

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Oct 5 • 1:36 PM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Orlando Science Schools begins enrollment process for six regional campuses

Orlando Science Schools is accepting applications for 2027-28, including new 11th grade spots at Seminole Science.

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Oct 5 • 1:34 PM EDT • Science • wftv.com
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Obama to campaign with El-Sayed in Detroit as ex-president gets more involved in midterms

Obama is upping involvement in the midterm election. He taped two dozen ads last week for Democratic candidates for governor and Senate that will be released in the coming days and weeks.

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Oct 5 • 1:17 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Supreme Court rejects Michigan woman's appeal over school's ban on 'Let's Go Brandon' sweatshirts

The mother of two boys says their First Amendment rights were violated when they were told to take off the sweatshirts she bought them for Christmas in 2022.

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Oct 5 • 12:04 PM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
No stadium has a story like the Superdome

The Superdome has weathered the highest of highs and the lowest of lows to represent the complicated and celebrated history of its city.

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Oct 5 • 11:39 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Former White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt lands her next gig as Fox News contributor

Leavitt follows Kayleigh McEnany, the former press secretary who joined Fox in 2021.

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Oct 5 • 11:33 AM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
🙂 Positive (35%)
Spanish PM Pedro Sánchez looks for political lifeline in snap election

Embattled Socialist leader aims to capitalise on housing crisis to remain in power

ft.com logo
Oct 5 • 11:33 AM EDT • Politics • ft.com
RYOBI Cleans Up Local Politics with Unlikely Mayoral Candidate 'Swifty'

McCann Birmingham and RYOBI unveil the first trailer for a documentary following the spot cleaner’s unlikely bid to become mayor of Staines

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Oct 5 • 11:18 AM EDT • Politics • lbbonline.com
Any given Sunday: The NFL’s parity is its greatest asset
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Oct 5 • 11:11 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
NFIB jobs report shows small business hiring slowed in September

NFIB’s September jobs report shows a decline in hiring activity among small businesses as the labor market continues to soften.

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Oct 5 • 11:06 AM EDT • Business • roi-nj.com
‘A five-alarm fire’ confronts President Trump in red-state October blitz

The midterm elections were just two days away the last time a sitting president visited Grand Island, the fourth-largest city in the middle of one of the nation’s most reliably Republican states.

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Oct 5 • 10:50 AM EDT • Politics • cnn.com
Florida's Jadan Baugh Has Another Tough Challenge Against South Carolina

After Missouri stifled the Heisman frontrunner, the Gators must revive their ground game against a relentless Gamecocks front to avoid a devastating mid-season collapse in Columbia.

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Oct 5 • 10:40 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Offensive Line Looks Offensive: Spartans Rank Last in Sacks Allowed

From personnel shifts to coaching failures, a crumbling front wall has left the Spartans reeling as record-breaking sack numbers threaten to derail the Pat Fitzgerald era.

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Oct 5 • 10:20 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
WATCH LIVE: Trump campaigns with Ricketts in Nebraska, where ranchers have beef with his import plan
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Oct 5 • 10:09 AM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Is a front office-coaching divide hurting the Steelers?

Is a strategic divide between Omar Khan's front office and Mike McCarthy's coaching staff creating an identity crisis for the Steelers?

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Oct 5 • 10:07 AM EDT • Sports • sports.yahoo.com
Jeffries says House Democrats aiming to repeat 2018 sweep by flipping Trump districts

The Democratic Party is working to expand the map by going on offense in Republican-held districts, while President Donald Trump hits the trail in a red-state sprint to boost voter enthusiasm and shore up support from his base.

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Oct 5 • 9:18 AM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Memorial Health team highlights support, expanded services during Breast Cancer Awareness Month

Memorial Health team highlights support, expanded services during Breast Cancer Awareness Month

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Oct 5 • 8:59 AM EDT • Health • wtap.com
Bolsonaro and Lula head to a runoff in Brazil's presidential election

Sen. Flávio Bolsonaro, an ally of President Donald Trump, and Brazil’s incumbent President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva will face off in a runoff Oct. 25 for the top job of Latin America’s powerhouse economy after neither won a majority in Sunday's vote.

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Oct 5 • 8:51 AM EDT • Politics • pbs.org
Why your health insurance problem might not be over when you turn 65

Couples with an age gap have an extra consideration: How to continue coverage for the younger spouse who’s not yet eligible for Medicare.

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Oct 5 • 8:46 AM EDT • Health • washingtonpost.com
ACSH in the Media: Yahoo News, RealClear, Science & Culture, and More

From cancer and cannabis to perverse research incentives, we’ve been busy confronting nonsense. Here’s a roundup of recent media appearances and pickups featuring ACSH experts across the web, including coverage in Yahoo News, RealClearHealth, RealClearScience, and Science and Culture.

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Oct 5 • 8:15 AM EDT • Science • acsh.org
New TV shows to watch this week: Tune in to 'Cupertino' on CBS, stream 'Carrie' on Prime Video and revisit 'The Haunting of Hill House' on Netflix

The new TV shows worth watching — from the HBO divorce drama "War" to Netflix's "East of Eden" adaptation and a seaside mystery starring Josh Hartnett.

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Oct 5 • 8:00 AM EDT • Entertainment • yahoo.com
The AI Advantage Minnesota Has Been Building for Decades

Software companies used to defend themselves in a handful of reliable ways. They built useful features, made their products easy to use and counted on the hassle of switching platforms to keep their customers from leaving. A new company that wanted to compete had to invest months, sometimes even years, of engineering time to catch

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Oct 5 • 7:46 AM EDT • Business • tcbmag.com
Reclaiming 'Health Sovereignty': EU Gastein Forum Confronts A Fragmenting Global Order

Health, long treated as a sanctuary of diplomatic consensus, has entered an era of high politics and ideological division. Leading the closing panel of the EU Health Forum Gastein (EHFG) on Friday (2 October), session chair Ilona Kickbusch, founder of the Global Health Centre at the Graduate Institute in Geneva, highlighted how recent votes at the UN General Assembly demonstrate that nation-states increasingly split and vote instead of searching for consensus.

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Oct 5 • 7:29 AM EDT • Health • healthpolicy-watch.news
Virtual care firm Populus Health Technologies names Catalano as chief revenue officer

Populus Health Technologies, a virtual care media and technology company, announced the appointment of Joe Catalano as chief revenue officer.

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Oct 5 • 7:10 AM EDT • Health • roi-nj.com
Providence Opens New Rural Health Clinic in Polson

Just over a year after breaking ground on a rural health clinic in Polson, community members, donors and hospital staff gathered Sept. 30 in front of the new building just behind Providence St. Joseph Medical Center. “Over the years we’ve heard about this need over and over again,” Chief Executive for Providence Montana Krissy Petersen […]

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Oct 5 • 7:00 AM EDT • Health • flatheadbeacon.com
'Clearly not working': Sam Altman hits AI industry over political spending

In a wide-ranging interview, the OpenAI CEO criticized the flood of AI dollars swamping the midterm elections and suggested a new liability framework is needed for autonomous hacks.

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Oct 5 • 6:56 AM EDT • Politics • yahoo.com
Yale School of Medicine On the Science of Childhood Anxiety, Say, Anxiety Disorders Are the Most Common Mental Health Challenges In Youth

Credit: Matt Bradbury October 5, 2026 - By Isabella Backman - Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health challenges in youth. Left untreated, they can disrupt the lives of both children and their families. The good news is that with intervention, most children will overcome these conditions. Across Yale School of Medicine, scientists are working to understand anxiety at every level, from common anxious behaviors to molecular biomarkers in the brain. They are using their findings to develop and disseminate new evidence-based treatments for childhood anxiety. Today, the go-to treatment for childhood anxiety disorders is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This is a form of psychotherapy that teaches children skills for confronting anxious thoughts and helps them practice managing situations that cause anxiety. While it is the gold-standard treatment backed by considerable scientific evidence, up to 50% of children will not see sufficient benefit from CBT alone. Wendy Silverman, PhD, Alfred A. Messer Professor in the Child Study Center, co-directs the Anxiety and Mood Disorders Program alongside Eli Lebowitz, PhD, associate professor in the Child Study Center. One of their main interests is learning how to improve outcomes beyond CBT. “We’re developing cutting-edge, research-based knowledge that can reduce the suffering that anxiety causes children and their families,” says Silverman. Changing parent behavior YSM experts are investigating how to improve CBT outcomes for children by involving the parents. Silverman’s research has uncovered two main components of parent intervention that improve childhood anxiety: not enabling children to completely avoid the things that make them anxious and taking steps to enhance their autonomy. Parents may unintentionally reinforce their child’s anxiety by allowing them to avoid what makes them anxious. They also may unintentionally limit the children’s sense of autonomy by being overly intrusive. “One of the things that we take pride in is that we’ve focused on trying to understand what parents need to do, and to test our ideas and see if changing the parents’ behaviors is enhancing the effects of CBT,” Silverman says. “Our findings thus far suggest that they do." As much as CBT can be helpful, it can also be challenging to get one’s child to do the necessary steps for CBT to work. This is one important reason why Lebowitz created a novel intervention program for parents named Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE). Existing intervention programs often teach parents to act as therapists for their child, such as training them on how to practice breathing exercises. “It makes sense, but this doesn’t work very well in practice,” says Lebowitz. “And part of the reason, I think, is that it’s not easy to get your kid to do things, especially if they’re not excited about doing it.” SPACE is unique because it focuses entirely on parent involvement and changing parental behavior—children are not involved in the sessions. For example, parents learn how to use supportive messages that convey confidence that their child can tolerate and manage distress. “It might sound like a parent saying to a child, ‘I get that this is really hard for you, but I know that you can handle it,’” Lebowitz says. The program also works with parents to identify the ways in which they are accommodating anxious behaviors. “We’ll pick one thing that parents are doing that is an accommodation and help them make a detailed plan for how they’re going to change that,” Lebowitz explains. Treating Anxiety in Children and Adolescents Much of the existing research on SPACE has focused on parents of children under age 14. Ongoing studies are now exploring its use with parents of older teens. “Both anxiety and accommodation can interfere with normative developmental shifts during the teen years, including increased autonomy and individuation from parents,” says Rebecca Etkin, PhD, associate research scientist in the Child Study Center. “In this sense, SPACE may be particularly well-suited for anxious teens and their parents. We want to see whether it is effective during this distinct developmental window.” Unfortunately, many families in need of CBT face barriers, including limited availability of services and geographic constraints. One way to improve access is digital interventions. Silverman and her team are developing an evidence-based digitized intervention program for parents that they can access directly from their computer or smart phone. “The work we’re doing will be one of the very few parent interventions that is digitized and importantly tested for effectiveness,” she says. Creating interventions for anxiety-related challenges Silverman and Lebowitz recently received a generous gift to develop and test other interventions that help parents reduce other child anxiety-related behavioral and emotional difficulties, such as restrictive eating and unexplained somatic symptoms. One of these projects in particular focuses on understanding the risks of social media and its potential benefits, including offering a sense of connection. “A lot of research has focused on the idea that social media is harmful and the less of it the better,” says Lebowitz. “But we actually see is that this is not quite right—there are negatives, but there are also positives. So, we’re trying to get a little bit more nuanced of a picture.” The team is working with teens with social anxiety and their parents over an extended period to better understand their social media habits and how their anxiety levels affect engagement with different platforms. The teens will answer questions sent to an app on their phones about mood and social media usage in an effort to capture emotional responses as they unfold. “We hope to develop interventions that can help make the best of social media while protecting against the more problematic effects,” Lebowitz says. The brain’s role in anxiety Researchers are also testing therapies to address anxiety at the neurological and molecular levels. In collaboration with Dylan Gee, PhD, professor of psychology in Yale's Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and Hilary Blumberg, MD, John and Hope Furth Professor of Psychiatric Neuroscience at Yale School of Medicine, Lebowitz and Silverman are using brain imaging to identify changes in a child’s brain before and after parents enroll in SPACE. In one study, children viewed anxiety-inducing images while undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); the researchers conducted scans with and without the children’s parents nearby. Before SPACE, children’s brains were better able to activate the regulatory circuitry needed to turn off an anxious response when their parents were nearby. But after SPACE, children could activate this circuitry even without the parent around. “As parents work on gradually reducing some of their accommodations, you can see a child get better at regulating their own fear system in the brain,” Lebowitz says. “It’s remarkable.” Research into the molecular underpinnings of anxiety can also inform new childhood anxiety treatments. In a recent study, Lebowitz, Silverman, and Flora Vaccarino, MD, Harris Professor in the Child Study Center, discovered that a protein known as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) could be protective from the toxic effects of stress. FGF2 levels in children and their parents were linked to the children’s risk of developing anxiety and depression, the study showed. The findings could help explain why some children who are exposed to early life trauma such as poverty or abuse are more prone to developing mental health disorders. And FGF2 could be a target for treatment. “This is very novel because it starts to give a clue to what is the molecular chain that connects those lived experiences to the actual psychological outcomes,” Lebowitz says. New ways to study and treat childhood anxiety Michael Crowley, PhD, associate professor in the Child Study Center, collaborates with Silverman and Lebowitz to study the role that attention plays in development and maintenance of childhood anxiety. There is a large body of research that shows that anxious children, like anxious adults, are prone to focus on threatening stimuli such as angry faces compared with neutral faces. This has led to innovative interventions that involve attention retraining. The idea is that if experts train children to look away from threatening stimuli, it may reduce their anxiety—especially children with social anxiety who are most prone to attend to threats. The researchers have just completed a clinical trial for attention retraining with 10- to 14-year-olds with social anxiety disorders and are currently analyzing the findings. Besides this innovative attention retraining research, as Crowly notes, “I like to design tasks that are engaging to kids,” Crowley says. “My goal is to assess something without the kids knowing what we are assessing.” With this goal in mind, Crowley has created a virtual game, named Boom, to study threat processing in children with anxiety disorders. The game is similar to that of hot potato—the child and three digital players take turns virtually passing a ball to each other’s gloves. At some point, the ball turns into a bomb, and as the bomb lands in each player’s glove, the outline of the glove turns yellow. The goal is to avoid having the bomb go off in your glove. What isn’t obvious is that the game is designed to measure different types of threatening stimuli, both ambiguous and direct. In the game, the direct threat occurs as the bomb is traveling towards your glove. The ambiguous threat is the yellow outlined glove as it is unknown where the bomb will travel next. While children play the game, Crowley’s team measures their brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG). The researchers have discovered that in kids with anxiety, the brain reacts more strongly to ambiguous threats than it does in their peers, but less strongly to direct threats. They believe that the initial abnormally large brain response to not knowing where the bomb is going impairs the brain's ability to properly respond when the threat is actually traveling the child’s way. “The brains of children with anxiety are unable to differentiate between threats you need to do something about and those that are not your problem.” Michael Crowley, PhD, develops innovative games for studying anxiety in children and adolescents.Credit: Matt Bradbury Based on these insights, Crowley hopes to study whether interventions like attention training could restore appropriate threat processing. Crowley’s team is also working on a test called the Balloon Risk Avoidance Task, which evaluates risk-taking and avoidance behaviors. It features a digital balloon that is full of air and about to burst. Kids have six seconds to let air out of the balloon. The more air they let out, the less risk they face that the balloon will pop. But at the same time, the balloon becomes less valuable as it deflates. “The more air you keep in the balloon, the more points you get,” Crowley explains. So far, the researchers have found that when the balloons pop unexpectedly, teens with social anxiety show distinct brain responses. Studying these responses can help psychologists understand the underlying pathways driving the various manifestations of anxiety. The genetics of anxiety When Thomas Fernandez, MD, associate professor in the Child Study Center and of psychiatry, was still in training, there was a lot of excitement about understanding the genetics associated with autism spectrum disorder. Since then, scientists have identified around 250 genes associated with autism. The genetic contribution to anxiety disorders, on the other hand, has historically received less attention. Anxiety is less heritable than autism, but the genetic contribution for anxiety disorders that emerge in childhood may be higher than for anxiety disorders overall. While scientists estimate the heritability of anxiety disorders in general to be around 30% to 50%, some studies suggest higher heritability for certain childhood-onset anxiety presentations. “I saw firsthand how researchers in the field went about finding vulnerability genes for autism,” Fernandez says. “So, we’re using a very similar playbook for childhood anxiety.” “I saw firsthand how researchers in the field went about finding vulnerability genes for autism. So, we’re using a very similar playbook for childhood anxiety.” Thomas Fernandez, MD Associate Professor In the Child Study Center and in Psychiatry Now, Fernandez and Emily Olfson, MD, PhD, assistant professor in the Child Study Center, are studying children and their parents to identify genetic changes that are present in the child but not the parents, known as “de novo mutations.” “All of us have some de novo mutations—maybe about 50 to 100 sprinkled throughout the genome,” Olfson says. “But when they occur within the coding regions of genes, they can be really disruptive.” Previous research shows that people with autism have higher rates of damaging de novo mutations than the general population. In 2022, Olfson, Lebowitz, Silverman, and Fernandez published a study on 68 children and their families that found that children with anxiety had similarly high levels of these mutations. Studying de novo mutations can help point the researchers to where they should be looking for genes associated with anxiety. “The end game is using the genes to steer us toward the right part of biology that we can then target to come up with better treatments,” Fernandez says. Building on those findings, the team is now studying more families to better understand how these de novo mutations, along with other genetic and environmental factors, shape pediatric anxiety disorders. They recently received a National Institutes of Health grant to enroll 750 new families over the next five years. Olfson is the principal investigator, with co-investigators Lebowitz, Fernandez, Silverman, and Shuangge Steven Ma, PhD, department chair and professor of biostatistics at Yale School of Public Health. Neurodevelopment, Risk Genes, and Mental Health Conditions - The Olfson Lab Joel Gelernter, MD, Foundations Fund Professor of Psychiatry, is interested in how different anxiety disorders differ genomically. “We are studying social phobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder, working to understand why people differ in their risk to these specific anxiety disorders and evaluating various risk factors,” he says. Gelernter was recently involved in one of the largest studies to date of the genomics underlying anxiety disorder. The study included around 122,000 people with anxiety disorders and around 730,000 without. It found that some genetic differences associated with anxiety were linked to signaling that helps reduce overactivity in the nervous system. Many anxiety medications available today work by targeting this process. “It’s nice when the biology that you get out of a large genome-wide study ratifies things that we already know because that can help increase confidence in further findings from the study,” Gelernter says. Uncovering the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders John Krystal, MD, Robert L. McNeil, Jr. Professor of Translational Research and chair of the Department of Psychiatry, is interested in the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), of which anxiety is a major symptom. In the late 1980s, Krystal’s team discovered that the drug yohimbine activated symptoms in patients with PTSD. “This was the first time we could link a specific biological mechanism to the symptoms of PTSD,” Krystal says. At the time, he adds, this finding was highly controversial. “A lot of people felt that PTSD was a purely psychological syndrome that didn’t have an underlying biology.” Since then, Krystal has dived deep into understanding the neurobiology of PTSD to learn how to better treat it. His team is evaluating the use of ketamine and psychedelics. These would be among the first treatments to be developed specifically for PTSD. They may also be applicable for other disorders including anxiety disorders, Krystal adds. An important gap in PTSD treatment is the absence of biological tests that inform how to best help patients manage their PTSD symptoms. A doctor doesn’t diagnose cancer based on how they feel. Rather, they use tests of the biology of the cancer to determine the best course of treatment. “And we can’t do that in any psychiatric disorder other than Alzheimer’s disease,” Krystal says. “But now we are building a foundation for this approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders for the first time.” Source: Yale School of Medicine

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