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CVS Health Q1 Earnings Call Highlights
CVS Health (NYSE:CVS) raised its full-year 2026 adjusted earnings outlook after reporting stronger first-quarter results, with management citing improved performance at Aetna, continued execution at Caremark and resilient pharmacy operations. On the company’s first-quarter earnings call, David Joyn
Celebrities donate art for Cliftonville mental health event
Actor Nick Frost and musicians James Bay and David Gray donate art to the Cliftonville event.
Review: Morgan Wallen opens Indianapolis run with sprawling set
Wallen’s stop marked the first concert at Lucas Oil since Billy Joel and Sting. Takeaways from his first of two Indianapolis outings:
7th annual Life is Bigger than Sports event
Muscatine team presents jersey to Coach David Gamble at Life is Bigger than Sports tournament.
FOX54 Sports Recap: From the CSRA to the big leagues
From the CSRA to the big leagues, FOX54's David Joaqui has a full sports recap.
A different kind of leader: Scaling impact in geospatial science
David Page, head of the Geographic Data Science Section at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, leads with a focus on judgment, collaboration and empowering teams. Drawing on experience in academia, entrepreneurship and national security science, he has helped advance faster, scalable geospatial analysis while building resilient, forward-looking research teams.
David Attenborough’s 4 Longevity Habits At Age 100 For A Healthy Life
The acclaimed nature documentary filmmaker has adopted lifestyle habits that can boost health and longevity.
Harley-Davidson Announces "Back to the Bricks" Business Plan
Harley-Davidson announced its first quarter of 2026 results, with yet another revenue decline, and a year-over-year decrease in Q1 net income from $133.1 million to $24.8 million.
Sir David Attenborough Is 100 Years Old Today! This Could Be The Secret of His Longevity.
Happy birthday, sir!
David Attenborough Has Inspired Countless Scientists. To Mark His 100th Birthday, Here Are Ten Living Things They've Named After Him
Researchers around the planet grew up watching documentaries hosted by the English broadcaster and naturalist, which sparked their love of the natural world. Now, their discoveries become tributes to his legacy
Dueling Calif. Democrats battle to unseat longtime GOP incumbent
Republican David Valadao has managed to win over voters year after year.
CVS Health CEO David Joyner: Our Aetna business got off track, but we've had five quarters of improvement
CVS Health President and CEO David Joyner joins 'Mad Money' host Jim Cramer to talk quarterly results, the company's turnaround plan, and more.
People On The Move: David Dibble promoted at Sphere Entertainment
Sphere Entertainment promotes David Dibble as vice chairman, Sphere.
Davids Announces Funding to Improve Healthcare Access in Kansas’ Third District
Today, Representative Sharice Davids announced that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has awarded $2.6 million to Health Partnership Clinic to expand access to primary care, dental care, and behavioral health services in the greater Kansas City area.
As David Attenborough turns 100, four experts explore his legacy, from science to storytelling
Attenborough has influenced everything from conservation and documentary production to the communication of the biggest story of all – climate change.
He wrote about their daughter’s sudden death. Then his wife did the same.
For journalists Danielle Crittenden and David Frum, processing their grief meant telling Miranda’s story, in an essay and in a new memoir, “Dispatches From Grief.”
Skills gained from navigating the unknown
In moments of panic, Emma Davidson learned that asking for help isn’t a weakness but a key to success. Davidson, a senior in agronomy and seed science, exemplified resilience and courage when unexpectedly stepping into a leadership role at the Iowa State University Seed Science Center. Her critical action of noticing her supervisor’s absence led to a lifesaving wellness check at his home.
The scientist designing a tailored attack on glioblastoma
At UCLA, Dr. David Nathanson develops drugs that target the unique biology of glioblastoma, offering new hope for patients with this aggressive cancer.
Maine State Sen. Jim Libby endorses Bush for governor
Even with Libby out, there are still seven men competing for the right to run for governor as a Republican in November. In addition to Bush, Bobby Charles, Ben Midgley, Garrett Mason, David Jones, Owen McCarthy and Robert Wessels will be on the ballot.
Trump Is Fading and His Staff Knows It: Political Guru
It’s no secret that the president is on the decline, David Rothkopf argues.
A different kind of leader: Scaling impact in geospatial science
David Page, head of the Geographic Data Science Section at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, leads with a focus on judgment, collaboration and empowering teams.
Why Competitive Politics Can Pull Development Finance Away from Need
By Keyi Tang As development finance tightens, the most important question may not be who is lending, but how domestic politics shapes where the money goes. When a foreign-financed road is opened, the picture is clear that this project will connect farmers to markets, lower transport costs and bring neglected communities closer to opportunity. But […]
Electronic Arts and Visa Team Up to Launch a Global, Multi-Year Partnership With EA SPORTS
Delivering immersive in-game rewards and expanding how players play, connect, and compete Electronic Arts Inc. (NASDAQ: EA), a global leader in interactive entertainment, today announced a landmark, multi-year collaboration with Visa (NYSE: V), the world’s leader in digital payments, to deliver the next generation of immersive, player-first experiences across EA SPORTS™ franchises. Visa is partnering with EA SPORTS franchises EA SPORTS FC™ and EA SPORTS™ College Football, offering in-game rewards and experiences for EA SPORTS’ global community of fans. By combining EA’s interactive, participatory platforms with Visa’s expansive global brand, this partnership demonstrates how the line between sports fandom and video games continues to blur as audiences increasingly play, watch, and connect across both physical and virtual sports. “We’re thrilled to be partnering with Visa for one of Electronic Arts’ most expansive brand partnerships to date, bringing more value to fans,” said David
The Venture-Capital Populist
How David Sacks and the new tech right went full MAGA and captured Washington
'Devil Wears Prada 2' director explains returning star's surprise death scene
'The Devil Wears Prada 2' director David Frankel explains why one returning actor 'had to die' in a shocking death scene twist — and later showed up to watch his peers film his character's funeral.
David Benavidez calls out Canelo Alvarez after destroying Gilberto 'Zurdo' Ramirez to capture the WBA and WBO cruiserweight titles
David Benavidez batters Gilberto Zurdo Ramirez en route to becoming the new WBA and WBO cruiserweight champion; Ramirez was down in the fourth and then again in the sixth when he took a knee and was forced to succumb to The Mexican Monster
Business People
CEI Engineering Associates Inc. announced the expansion of its Local Development Department with the appointment of David Carroll as department manager.
Briefs & Bikes: Leesport’s "Undy 500" raises awareness for colorectal health
Classic Harley-Davidson in Leesport hosted the 5th annual Undy 500 on Saturday in partnership with the nonprofit "My Gut Instinct."
LIVE! Watch ‘Benavidez vs. Zurdo’ Prelims For Free
Before David Benavidez challenges WBO and WBA Cruiserweight champion, Gilberto “Zurdo” Ramirez, for his WBA title later TONIGHT (Sat., May 2, 2026) inside T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada on DAZN PPV, you can check out some of the early “prelims” for free on YouTube. “The Mexican Monster” and “Zurdo” will also be competing for […]
David Allan Coe's daughter says all 8 of his kids lost touch with controversial singer before his death
David Allan Coe's daughter Tanya Montana Coe tells EW that all eight of his kids lost touch with the controversial country singer before his death.
Column: Mental Health Awareness Month demands more than awareness
Virginia’s behavioral health providers should deepen partnerships with public universities, William & Mary’s Kathleen Jabs and David Gosling write in a guest column.
Connor McDavid sends clear message on Oilers future amid rumors
Connor McDavid addressed growing speculation about his future with the Edmonton Oilers, delivering a clear message after the team’s early NHL playoff exit. Rumors picked up following McDavid’s blunt assessment of the Oilers’ season, especially since last year he chose…
Hunnicutt, national wellness leader, joins North Dakota’s rural health transformation effort | Health and Human Services North Dakota
North Dakota Health and Human Services (HHS) today announced Dr. David Hunnicutt, as a Rural Health Transformation Program strategist. Hunnicutt brings more than two decades of nationally recognized leadership to this role, having served 20 years as CEO of WELCOA—one of the largest and most influential corporate health and wellness organizations in the U.S. As principal of his own consulting firm, he spent seven years partnering with Dakota Medical Foundation (DMF) and the Impact Institute to design and launch initiatives that elevate leaders across North Dakota and strengthen the state’s capacity for long-term community well-being.
Democrat David Costello says he’s a viable alternative
David Costello and Graham Platner are competing to take on Sen. Susan Collins, a Republican seeking a sixth term. Democrats hope to take control of the Senate by flipping four seats, with Maine considered a top pick-up opportunity.
Maine AFL-CIO endorses Platner for Senate
On June 9, Graham Platner will face David Costello of Brunswick for the right to take on Sen. Susan Collins in November.
Former congressman David Rivera convicted in case on secret Venezuela lobbying
Jurors found Rivera and an associate guilty on all counts, including failing to register as a foreign agent with the Justice Department and conspiracy to commit money laundering as part of their work for former President Nicolás Maduro's government.
Coty's perfume business takes another knock with David Beckham fragrance lawsuit
Beauty brand Coty is facing a lawsuit from DB Ventures, the company behind former football star David Beckham’s eponymous fragrance, for what the lawsuit describes as flagrant material breaches of the license agreement, court documents show.
Inter Miami CF First Team Players Join Mental Health Experts for the Third Annual Conversations with Cafecito Presented by Café Bustelo at Florida International University
Ahead of Mental Health Awareness month in May, Inter Miami CF First Team players, Alexander Shaw and David Ruiz joined mental health professionals for the team’s third annual Conversations with Cafecito panel presented by Café Bustelo at Florida International University (FIU). Moderated by Dr. Kristin A.Nichols, Director of the Professional
ESPN loses sole executive who cracked down on political, racial rhetoric
ESPN EVP David Roberts, who oversaw the network's turnaround by cutting divisive programming and boosting SportsCenter ratings, plans to retire in August.
Video: ‘Mexican Monster’ Stares Down Zurdo In ‘Sin City’
David Benavidez (31-0) will make his much-anticipated return to the ring this Saturday (May 2, 2026) to face off against one of the biggest challenges of his career when he goes toe-to-toe against WBA (Super) and WBO Cruiserweight champion, Gilberto “Zurdo” Ramirez (48-1), inside T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada. For Benavidez, it’s his chance […]
Colin Jost reveals Scarlett Johansson's reaction to his buying Staten Island Ferry with Pete Davidson
Colin Jost is humorously opening up about the shocked reaction his wife, Scarlett Johansson, had to his impulsively purchasing the Staten Island Ferry with 'SNL' pal Pete Davidson in 2023.
Former Health Official Charged With Concealing Emails About Covid-19 Grants
David Morens, who was a senior adviser at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, is accused of evading document requests.
San Francisco State University Partners with UC Law San Francisco to Expand Downtown Presence - UC Law San Francisco (Formerly UC Hastings)
SFSU’s Lam Family College of Business will use classroom and office space at 198 McAllister Street to establish a new downtown campus. San Francisco State University (SFSU) and UC Law San Francisco have reached an agreement that establishes a new downtown home for SFSU’s Lam Family College of Business at UC Law SF’s Academic Village. The agreement places SFSU business students in close proximity to leading employers, industry partners and transit hubs, enhancing opportunities for internships, networking and career advancement. The UC Law SF Academic Village is a shared-campus model designed to foster collaboration among higher education institutions and contribute to San Francisco’s ongoing revitalization. San Francisco State University (SFSU) and UC Law San Francisco have reached an agreement that establishes a new downtown home for graduate business programs from SFSU’s Lam Family College of Business at UC Law SF’s Academic Village. The agreement creates a new downtown campus location for SFSU, giving students direct access to San Francisco’s thriving business environment. Beginning in Fall 2026, graduate business students will take classes at the UC Law SF building at 198 McAllister Street, at the nexus of the Civic Center, Mid-Market and Tenderloin communities. Under the agreement, SFSU will occupy 3,200 square feet of exclusive teaching and office space and will share additional classrooms with UC Law. The move positions students in close proximity to leading employers, industry partners and transit hubs, enhancing opportunities for internships, networking and career advancement. “This partnership is an example of the growing strategic collaborations that expand opportunities for our students,” said SFSU President Lynn Mahoney. “By situating graduate business programs in the city’s urban core, we will help students build connections, gain experience and achieve their goals for meaningful careers and upward mobility.” Students enrolled in select Lam Family College of Business graduate programs will have access to the Academic Village’s modern classrooms, conference facilities, library, study spaces and resident and event support services. The site also includes lounges, on-site dining and newly built, fully furnished, apartment-style housing for students and professionals. As institutional partners, SFSU College of Business students and alumni are eligible for tuition discounts if they enroll in the UC Law SF Master of Legal Studies program, designed for professionals whose work intersects with the law. “San Francisco State University is an excellent addition to our Academic Village, and we are excited to have the Lam Family College of Business join us in the fall,” said UC Law SF Chancellor & Dean David Faigman. “The partnership advances UC Law SF’s commitment to collaborate with California’s other great public schools and adds vibrancy and energy to the heart of the city. Our students and programs will benefit from the interdisciplinary opportunities that will arise.” The UC Law SF Academic Village is a shared-campus model designed to foster collaboration among higher education institutions and contribute to San Francisco’s ongoing revitalization. The Lam Family College of Business will begin occupying its new space there in July 2026, with classes beginning in August. The move continues SFSU’s longstanding presence in downtown San Francisco and reflects a broader effort to align academic programs with the needs of both career-minded students and the region’s expanding and evolving workforce. For more than 60 years, the Lam Family College of Business has delivered high-quality, AACSB-accredited business education across the San Francisco–Silicon Valley region. Its graduate programs — including the MBAand the STEM-designated Master of Science in Business Analytics and Master of Science in Accounting and Analytics — are designed to help students develop the skills they need to navigate the complex challenges of a global, data-driven economy. About San Francisco State University San Francisco State University is a public university serving students from the San Francisco Bay Area, across California and around the world, with nationally acclaimed programs that span a broad range of disciplines. More than 20,000 students enroll at the University each year, and its more than 304,000 graduates have contributed to the economic, cultural and civic fabric of San Francisco and beyond. Through them — and more than 1,300 world-class faculty members — SFSU proudly embraces its legacy of academic excellence, community engagement and commitment to social justice. For more information, visit sfsu.edu. About UC Law SF UC Law San Francisco is a public law school of the University of California, founded in 1878 as the first law school in the UC system. Located in San Francisco’s Civic Center, it offers a comprehensive legal education with a strong emphasis on experiential learning, public service and professional preparation. Through its Academic Village, UC Law SF brings together students, faculty and partner institutions in a collaborative campus environment in the heart of the city. Other Academic Village partners include UC San Francisco, UC Davis, the University of San Francisco and the University of the Pacific Dugoni School of Dentistry. For more information, visit www.uclawsf.edu.
Flutter Entertainment updates board committee roles
Flutter Entertainment’s 8-K/A details new board committee roles for Sally Susman and David Kenny, effective after the May 29, 2026 AGM, via RNS Exhibit 99.1.
Providence Mayor Smiley to launch reelection campaign, facing challenger with momentum
No incumbent mayor has ever lost a primary in Providence, but state Representative David Morales has run a more visible campaign to date.
Balance of Nature Team Shares Foundation of Health & Nutrition in America
Lifestyle Contributor David Osmond returns with Balance of Nature to talk about the foundation of health and nutrition in America.(7News)
Rodgers and Hammerstein, Lerner and Loewe musicals come to L.A.
Rodgers and Hammerstein's "Flower Drum Song" and "The Sound of Music" and Lerner and Loewe's "Brigadoon" are all running in L.A. this spring.
Epstein files show extent of his unsavory relationships with magicians David Blaine and David Copperfield
A CNN review of the Epstein files found numerous messages and photos that show the extent of the financier’s interactions with two prominent magicians.
NOLA.com's Live from Jazz Fest: Eating oysters, Rod Stewart vs. David Byrne, weather, more
Catch a feature on Michalopoulos, who has "the distinction of painting more Jazz Fest posters than any other artist." Also an interview with an all-female Mardi Gras Indians group. Today's live show is presented by Explore Louisiana and New Orleans and Company.
Analysis: VAR frustration for Toffees
It isn't that long since Everton were in West Ham's position and fighting for Premier League survival - but now they are in the battle to secure European football next season and, particularly for that reason, this will have been a frustrating result. David Moyes' side have one of the best away records in the Premier League and it looked they would earn a point with Kiernan Dewsbury-Hall's late strike. Moments before Dewsbury-Hall equalised, the Toffees thought they had a penalty when the ball struck Mateus Fernandes' hand inside the box as he grappled with Thierno Barry.
Warner helps Kings keep PSL play-off hopes alive
Karachi Kings boosted their hopes of qualifying for the Pakistan Super League play-offs with a commanding nine-wicket win against Quetta Gladiators in Lahore. Chasing a target of 196, David Warner and Reeza Hendricks produced a 141-run second-wicket partnership to help the Kings finish the league stage with five wins in 10 matches. The Kings sit fourth with 10 points - two ahead of Lahore Qalandars and Hyderabad Kingsmen, who both have a game in hand.
'Ancient Aliens' expert David Wilcock dead at 53 after 'mental health crisis'
Wilcock was also a popular presence on YouTube in the paranormal and conspiracy theory world.
'Ancient Aliens' expert David Wilcock dead at 53 after 'mental health crisis'
Wilcock was also a popular presence on YouTube in the paranormal and conspiracy theory world.
Democracy scholar David Campbell elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences
David Campbell, the Packey J. Dee Professor of American Democracy at the University of Notre Dame, has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, one of the nation’s oldest learned societies and independent policy research centers. Campbell was one of the 252 leaders in academia, the arts, journalism, policy, and science announced today as members of the newest Academy class. Other notable names among the group include actor and director Jodie Foster, writer Barbara Kingsolver, stage and screen legend Rita Moreno and novelist Colson Whitehead.
Democracy scholar David Campbell elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences
David Campbell, the Packey J. Dee Professor of American Democracy at the University of Notre Dame, has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, one of the nation’s oldest learned societies and independent policy research centers. Campbell was one of the 252 leaders in academia, the arts, journalism, policy, and science announced today as members of the newest Academy class. Other notable names among the group include actor and director Jodie Foster, writer Barbara Kingsolver, stage and screen legend Rita Moreno and novelist Colson Whitehead.
2026-27 NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year Odds: Can Bailey Beat Out Buckeyes?
Two Ohio State stars are on the heels of David Bailey on the DROY oddsboard. See the odds.
Jets take edge rusher David Bailey over Ohio State's Arvell Reese with No. 2 pick, then take Oregon TE Kenyon Sadiq, Indiana WR Omar Cooper Jr. in 1st round
3 UC scientists honored with ‘Oscars of Science’ at the 2026 Breakthrough Prizes
Two UC Berkeley faculty members and a UC Santa Barbara Nobel laureate were awarded Breakthrough Foundation prizes for their incredible contributions to advancing science.
Former Buchwald Duo Launch NY-Based Mason-Lewis Entertainment
EXCLUSIVE: Industry veterans Jon Mason and David Lewis have launched Mason-Lewis Entertainment, a New York-based talent and literary management company repping artists across film, TV and theater. The...
Former Buchwald Duo Launch New York-Based Mason-Lewis Entertainment
Industry veterans Jon Mason and David Lewis have launched Mason-Lewis Entertainment, a New York-based talent and literary management company.
Watch: Acknowledging Health Care’s Great Divide
As part of her "How Would You Fix It?" series, podcast host Julie Rovner chats with health policy expert David Blumenthal about how politics can gum up health policy progress.
Local small business broken into and vandalized in Enfield
Local small business owners are out thousands of dollars and years of memories after thieves broke in and stole merchandise and damaged property in Enfield. David LaBerge and his wife recently closed their store, Second Floor Games, at the Enfield Square Mall and are in the process of doing inventory and moving products to their new location, Twilight Cards &…
For this environmental health researcher, science is an 'act of hope'
David J.X. Gonzalez, an assistant professor of public health, works to protect communities from environmental harms like air pollution and oil and gas emissions.
For this environmental health researcher, science is an 'act of hope'
David J.X. Gonzalez, an assistant professor of public health, works to protect communities from environmental harms like air pollution and oil and gas emissions.
Georgia Democratic Rep. David Scott dies at 80
Scott had recently filed to run for a 13th congressional term
WBD shareholders approve Paramount deal, reject David Zaslav's pay
Warner Bros. Discovery shareholders voted to approve the Paramount Skydance deal but against the pay package for CEO David Zaslav.
Politics placed on pause as David Scott is remembered
Georgia Congressman David Scott, at age 80, died just hours after casting his final votes on the House floor.
2026 Geochemistry Fellow David Catling reflects on a career spent trying to answer science’s biggest questions
2026 Geochemistry Fellow David Catling reflects on a career spent trying to answer science’s biggest questions
Memphis People in Business for April 23, 2026
A look at promotions, hirings, movers and newsmakers in the Memphis area business scene.
Scott’s rivals take a break from politics after the longtime congressman’s death upends the election
A crowded field of opponents who called for new leadership in the 13th Congressional District offered their condolences to David Scott's family.
Pete Davidson debuts new tattoo, after spending $200K to have others removed
Pete Davidson has spent years — and a lot of money — removing his many tattoos. But he just showed off a new one.
David Jackson, longtime White House correspondent for USA TODAY, dies
Jackson covered every president from Bill Clinton to Donald Trump, and was a fixture on the campaign trail.
Benavidez vs. Ramirez Start Time, Full Fight Card
Event: David Benavidez vs. Zurdo RamirezDate: Sat., May 2, 2026Location: T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, NevadaStart Time: DAZN PPV main card start time at 8 p.m. ET Benavidez vs. Ramirez Main Event on DAZN PPV: 200 lbs.: David Benavidez (31-0) vs. Gilberto “Zurdo” Ramirez (48-1) for WBA and WBO Cruiserweight titles Benavidez vs. Ramirez Main […]
Georgia U.S. Rep. David Scott dies after decades in politics
Scott served nearly 25 years in Congress and decades in Georgia politics.
MIT affiliates elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for 2026
MIT professors Isaiah Andrews, David Atkin, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, and Benjamin Weiss, along with 13 additional MIT alumni, were elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for 2026.
Rep. David Scott, a Georgia Democrat seeking 13th term in Congress, dies at 80
Scott, the first Black chairman of the House Agriculture Committee, was once a leading voice for his party on issues related to farm aid policy and food aid for consumers.
Longtime Georgia Democrat US Rep. David Scott dies at 80
US Democratic Rep. David Scott, who represented Georgia’s 13th Congressional District, has died at 80 years old.
Georgia Rep. David Scott dies at 80
Scott, the first Black chairman of the House Agriculture Committee, was first elected to Congress in 2002 and was running for re-election.
This is the surprising science behind the potato breed in your bag of chips
Michigan professor David Douches explains why the perfect chipping potato is so hard to find.
'Devil Wears Prada 2' director explains why Adrian Grenier cameo didn't happen
'Devil Wears Prada 2' director David Frankel tells EW that he wanted an Adrian Grenier cameo as Nate, and explains why the 'Entourage' star didn't come back for the sequel.
UNE launches new Institute of Public and Planetary Health in honor of David Evans Shaw
Rooted in science and inspired by UNE’s mission to improve the health of people, communities, and the natural world, the David Evans Shaw Institute of Public and Planetary Health brings together expertise UNE's broad expertise to address complex, interconnected challenges, from coastal resilience and climate change to aging populations and mental health.
Who are the Democrats hoping to run against Rep. Warren Davidson?
Two Butler County Democrats are competing for the chance to unseat Republican Rep. Warren Davidson this May.
Three URI students awarded prestigious National Science Foundation graduate research fellowships
KINGSTON, R.I. – April 21, 2026 – Three students from the University of Rhode Island were selected from a highly competitive pool of candidates for the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program for the 2026-27 academic year. David Amirsadri and Colby Constantine, who earned bachelor’s degrees in chemical engineering from URI last spring, and […]
Reps. Smucker and Davids Introduce Bipartisan ‘Accountable Produce is Medicine Act’
WASHINGTON — Representatives Lloyd Smucker (PA-11) and Sharice Davids (KS-03) introduced the bipartisan Accountable Produce is Medicine Act (H.R. 8355), legislation aimed at modernizing the U.S. health care system by incorporating proven nutrition-based interventions to prevent and manage chronic disease.
Shaky political science: using "simulated" elections over real-world elections
[Dear DSOS readers – this article is the latest in our “Shaky Political Science” series. In our 38 page report, “Shaky political ‘science’ misses mark on ranked choice voting,” released in early December, we examined over 40 studies focused on ranked choice voting. We found that many of these studies suffered from puzzling research methodologies, poorly constructed surveys, unrealistic simulated elections, cherry picked data, and faulty analyses that often were contradicted by results from real-world elections (a link to our full paper is here). Here are links to the first three articles in our series: the first one summarizing the overall results of our report, the second one analyzing a study co-authored by University of Minnesota academic Larry Jacobs, which was one of the most error-prone of all the research we reviewed in our report, and a third article showing an admirable example of two political scientists holding two other political scientists accountable for their flawed, sloppy research]. In this fourth article in our “Shaky Political Science” series, we shine a spotlight on seven studies that were web-hosted and funded by New America’s Political Reform Program and its Electoral Reform Research Group (the ERRG is an ad hoc committee headed by New America’s Political Reform Program and joined by the American Enterprise Institute, the Unite America Institute and Stanford University’s Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law). This research consortium has been led by Lee Drutman, senior fellow with New America’s Political Reform Program. These seven studies are simply not credible from any objective standard about how political “science” is supposed to illuminate our understanding of either ranked choice voting or politics in general. The feature that six of these seven studies have in common is that they all used surveys – artificial, simulated elections -- to attempt to say something cogent or interesting about ranked choice voting (RCV) elections. None of them used real world data from actual RCV elections – either the 1000+ elections in the US or the many thousands of elections from places like Australia, Ireland and elsewhere where RCV has been used for 100 years. While a few of these studies conclude with some mixed positives about RCV, our analysis here is content neutral. The idea that, with a political reform like RCV, you can ask respondents in a mock, artificial election to vote with that method, with only the barest of explanation about how RCV works or its likely impacts (i.e. no spoiler candidates, majority winners, voters liberated to pick their favorite candidates, coalition-building), and then ask them their thoughts/reactions about voting in that system, with fake candidates and no real campaigning, no real exposure to an actual election or actual candidates, rests on some very puzzling assumptions. The findings of these seven studies actually are contradicted by the findings from many other studies based on real-world RCV elections. These New America studies also failed to list the real-world RCV studies in their own citations, instead including those studies that reinforced their conclusions. The seven studies featured in this article were chosen because they form a cohesive cohort which precisely illustrates one of the main points of our research paper, namely that using surveys, i.e. artificial elections, or mathematical/theoretical models, instead of real-world data, is in fact “shaky political science.” Below are summaries of our analysis of five of the seven New America studies. You can read our complete analysis of all seven studies at our paper, “Shaky political ‘science’ misses mark on ranked choice voting.” Choosing to “Vote As Usual” by Andre Blais, Carolina Plescia, and Semra Sevi. New America. (Blais et al., 2021). This study, web-hosted and funded by New America’s Political Reform Program and its Electoral Reform Research Group, used two surveys in which respondents completed ballots for simulated elections using plurality, approval, RCV and point (Score) voting. In both cases the authors provided the respondents with only minimal explanation of each method. For example, the entire explanation for RCV was “For this vote, rank the candidates from your first to your last choice (you do not need to rank them all). This is called the ranked vote.” That’s it. The study did not provide any context or explanation to survey respondents about why she/he might want to rank multiple candidates. Participants were not even told that ballots would be tabulated using an “instant” runoff, not to mention any description of RCVs ability to eliminate the spoiler effect or liberate voters to rank their favorite candidates without fear of helping the “greater evil” candidate to win. That’s like taking an iPhone back in time to 1970 and asking someone if they like it better than their rotary phone without explaining how it works. Their first survey targeted states that held 2020 Super Tuesday Democratic primaries and used the real candidates’ names in the survey; the second survey used fictitious candidates. In other words, they surveyed respondents who had only ever participated in plurality elections, had no history or background with using RCV or any of the other methods, had no clue about its likely impacts, and did not communicate how the alternative methods would be counted, and then asked them: “How satisfied are you with using each system?” Predictably, the winner was plurality elections, the system used for president, Congress, gubernatorial and state legislative elections – in other words, the method they have been using, year after year, all their voting lives. With so little explanation of RCV and its impacts, this study is simply not credible in discovering anything useful about real-world RCV elections. It merely shows that a basic voter education campaign is needed when adopting a new election system. Additionally, the result contradicts many other post-election surveys following real RCV elections, asking opinions from voters who had just participated in a RCV election, that showed a great deal of satisfaction with RCV (see details on that in Studies 22-25 in our paper, as well as the four studies cited in the review for Study 28). Share Other studies on “satisfaction” and “understanding” make similar mistakes, in terms of basing their surveys on inadequate explanation to respondents and lack of education about context. How could any survey ever hope to measure accurately, in essence simulate a real-world election, without actual campaigning candidates, the media writing about those candidates, organizations endorsing candidates and voters being inundated with crucial information? More than anything, what these “studies” based on surveys show is that if you ask voters about something they don’t know very much about, and fail to adequately educate them, their responses will unsurprisingly reflect their confusion. Equally puzzling is that New America’s Electoral Reform Research Group, headed by political scientist Lee Drutman, found this to be a credible enough study that they not only published it but highlighted it in Drutman’s own discussion of research related to ranked choice voting. This pattern was repeated in study after study featured by New America’s Electoral Reform Research Group. For example in Ranked-Choice Voting and Political Expression: Voter Guides Narrow the Gap between Informed and Uninformed Citizens by Cheryl Boudreau, Jonathan Colner, and Scott MacKenzie, the researchers based their analysis on a survey which found that respondents who were asked to vote in a simulated RCV election, with minimal explanation of RCV or how it works, displayed less evidence of being informed about how to use RCV effectively, with the least informed voters ranking fewer candidates. As pointed out under the study above, in a real election voters are informed by a wide variety of methods, including public education by the election administration, by interested political groups, the media, and the candidates themselves who benefit from voters being aware of how to vote in the new system. In Support for Ranked-Choice Voting across Race and Partisanship by Joseph Anthony, David C. Kimball, Jack Santucci and Jamil Scott, the researchers used respondents from different parties and races voting in simulated plurality and RCV elections, who indicated their satisfaction with each voting method. Instead of using real world election results, the authors fell back on the easy, armchair and less reliable academic research methodology of making up mock elections. As with the other studies, little explanation was given of how RCV works or what its implications might be (electing majority winners or eliminating spoilers, for example). Unsurprisingly, this study found that respondents were not very satisfied with RCV. However, when the authors added an explanation that RCV has a tendency to elect more women and people of color, they found that this greater explanation increased the preference for RCV. The more voters were familiar with it, and the more they understood potential positive impacts – surprise! -- the more they were open to switching away from the status quo. Of note, the results from this study are thoroughly contradicted by a number of other studies whose data was obtained from real RCV elections with real voters. Those studies show a great deal of satisfaction with RCV. More “fake election” research An interesting wrinkle on this “research by fake elections” approach, which only served to illustrate how unreliable such “research” can become, was taken in Ranked-Choice Voting, Runoff, and Democracy: Insights from Maine and Other U.S. States by Joseph Cerrone and Cynthia McClintock_,_ also web-hosted and funded by New America’s ERRG. It gets high marks for creativity, but an eye-roll for thinking this could possibly add anything meaningful to our understanding of real world RCV elections. This study tried to determine whether RCV, plurality or two-round runoff elections provided greater voter satisfaction and acceptance of election results. To determine that, the authors conducted a survey asking if voters were satisfied with a fictional newspaper report of an election, with three different versions given to respondents – plurality, runoff and RCV, with variations of Republican/Democrat winners and variations of “come-from-behind” winners,” i.e. candidates not initially in first place but who win the “runoff.” Again, a minimal explanation of RCV or how it works was given, and the survey showed that respondents had the greatest unfamiliarity with RCV than the other methods. The unsurprising result? Respondents were much more satisfied with “come-from-behind” victories in a traditional two-round runoff election than in RCV, even though RCV is also a runoff system but with a single round of counting. Interestingly, the dissatisfaction with RCV disappeared for those who were more familiar with RCV. In fact, among those respondents who were “very familiar” with RCV, they were equally satisfied with RCV, runoff and plurality. Surprise, surprise. Again, what this study revealed, more than anything, is not only the inadequacy of the explanation for RCV given by the authors of this study, but the failure of the research format itself, thinking that such an artificial mock election could somehow simulate what actually happens in the real world in a real RCV election. Those four studies reviewed above are fitting examples of inadequate and shaky political “science.” Other studies reviewed in our paper from the New America/Electoral Reform Research Group cohort which also used mock elections included: Ranked-Choice Voting is an Acquired Taste by Joseph Anthony and David C. Kimball. New America. (Anthony et al., 2021). Ranked-Choice Voting is No Refuge for Extreme Candidates by Melissa Baker. New America. (Baker, 2021). Also included in this New America cohort is Does Ranked-Choice Voting Reduce Racial Polarization? by Yuki Atsusaka and Theodore Landsman, which actually did use real-world election results data but applied an odd and unconventional methodology to the data which relied on shaky assumptions and non-real-world scenarios that were too divorced from reality. To determine levels of “racially polarized voting,” the researchers imagined “ethnic parties,” by which they mean political parties for each ethnic group, which was especially odd since the election data they were using came from nonpartisan RCV races. But then they made an even odder assumption, namely that since race and ethnic characteristics of studied voters were not available, the authors tried to infer that information based on who voters selected and the racial make-up of voters in each district. This amounted to little more than vague and ambiguous guesswork dressed up with a bunch of mathematical equations used to give it a veneer of scientific appearance. Indeed, it seemed to assume racial polarization in order to prove racial polarization. Based on this questionable methodology, the authors concluded that RCV doesn’t reduce racial polarization. But the premise of this study missed an obvious reality: since RCV incentivizes more candidates to run and can result in more diverse fields of candidates, one would expect more racially-polarized voting in voters’ top rankings, not less, because more voters would have someone on that ballot who represents their racial or ethnic identity and more freedom to vote for their real first choice. By encouraging more diverse candidates and eliminating the spoiler effect, RCV facilitates voting for a favorite candidate of your own race and then selecting a second choice with the best likelihood of winning. The real measure is what voters do with their additional rankings – do they consider other candidates and vote “for the best of the rest”? This study didn’t tell us anything useful about that. But readily available data shows this is common in real RCV elections, and candidates act on this knowledge by engaging with voters outside their racial group. So the authors of this study failed to consider or account for what actually happens in real-world elections, and their conclusions are tainted by this failure. New America has contributed a great deal over the past 2.5 decades to our understanding of many policy areas, including politics and political reform (full disclosure: Steven Hill, one of the authors of this article and of the “Shaky Political Science” research paper and series, is a former senior fellow and former director of New America’s political reform program, 2005-2010). So it was especially disappointing that New America funded and published such a large batch of dubious studies about ranked choice voting. The stated praiseworthy goal of its Electoral Reform Research Group was to inspire new academic research about ranked choice voting that would shed light and help the public better understand the impacts of RCV. Instead, the ERRG research did just the opposite. It produced dubious research that created more confusion and misinformation. In so doing, New America’s political reform program contributed to “shaky political science.” Steven Hill and Paul Haughey Share Upgrade to $5 subscription Thanks for reading DemocracySOS, a reader-supported digital portal for the pro-democracy movement. Subscribe for only $5 per month to receive full benefits and to support our work. Subscribe
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